QID Minnesota Pesticide & Fertilizer Survey - Crop Year 2023

Cooperator Funded Chemical Use Surveys

0273 - Pesticide and Fertilizer Survey - Crop Year 2023 Enumerated in 2024 - Corn Wheat - Minnesota Only

OMB: 0535-0273

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MINNESOTA ANNUAL PESTICIDE AND FERTILIZER SURVEY


OMB No. 0535-0273

Approval Expires: 05/31/2025

Project Code: 778 QID: 163695

SMetaKey: 3695

Clean Copy for Crop Year 2023

Survey collected spring of 2024

Corn and Wheat – Updated 2/17/2023

United States

Department of

Agriculture




NATIONAL

AGRICULTURAL

STATISTICS

SERVICE






``````1`


Updated questions for Spring of 2024 highlighted.






MINNESOTA DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE







USDA/NASS - MN

210 Walnut St., #833
Des Moines, IA 50309

Phone: 1-800-772-0825

FAX: 1-855-271-9802

e-mail: NASSRFOUMR@nass.usda.gov









Please make corrections to name, address and ZIP Code, if necessary.


The information you provide will be used for statistical purposes only. Your responses will be kept confidential and any person who willfully discloses ANY identifiable information about you or your operation is subject to a jail term, a fine, or both. This survey is conducted in accordance with the Confidential Information Protection provisions of Title V, Subtitle A, Public Law 107-347 and other applicable Federal laws. For more information on how we protect your information please visit: https://www.nass.usda.gov/confidentiality. Response is voluntary.

According to the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995, an agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required to respond to, a collection of information unless it displays a valid OMB control number. The valid OMB number is 0535-0218. The time required to complete this information collection is estimated to average 35 minutes per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information.

The Minnesota Department of Agriculture, in cooperation with the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), will conduct periodic surveys of major crop producers that collect information on pesticide and fertilizer use and pesticide use rates. Survey respondents are randomly selected, and the reported results are based on advanced standardized statistical analyses conducted by NASS nationwide. Your response is necessary to help provide the best statistics possible. If there are any questions, contact the Minnesota State Statistician at (615) 728-3113.

1. Did this operation plant any [[CORN]] or [[WHEAT]] in 2023?

1 Yes - Continue

3 No – Go to Conclusion

Section 2 – 2023 [Corn] Crop Acres

Acres

2. How many acres of [Corn] were planted for the 2023 crop year?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

xxx

[If [Corn] acres greater than zero, then continue, otherwise go to Section 3.]

Acres

3. How many acres of [Corn] were treated with herbicides?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

xxx

4. How many acres of [Corn] were treated with insecticides? (Exclude seed treatments). . . . . . . . . . . . .

xxx

5. How many acres of [Corn] were treated with fungicides? (Exclude seed treatments). . . . . . . . . . . . . .

xxxx

Section 3 – 2023 [[Wheat]] Crop Acres

Acres

6. How many acres of [[Wheat]] were harvested for the 2023 crop year?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

xxx

[If [[Wheat]] acres are greater than zero then continue, otherwise go to Section 4.]

Acres

7. How many acres of [[Wheat]] were treated with herbicides?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

xxx

8. How many acres of [[Wheat]] were treated with insecticides? (Exclude seed treatments). . . . . .. . . . . .

xxx

9. How many acres of [[Wheat]] were treated with fungicides? (Exclude seed treatments). . . . . . . . . . . .

xxxx




Section 4

INSTRUCTION: The next questions will ask about USAGE OF INDIVIDUAL HERBICIDES, INSECTICIDES AND FUNGICIDES ON 2023 CROPS.
Include applications in the fall of 2022 on crops for the 2023 harvest. Report the acres treated with each individual chemical during 2023 by crop or land use. If pesticides were applied in combination, report each separately. (Exclude seed treatments and inoculants.)



If Section 2 [Crop 1] crop acres, items 2, 3, or 4 are greater than zero, complete. Otherwise go to Section 5.

1. In the following table, please report all herbicides, insecticides and fungicides used on the 2023 [Corn] crop.

What Herbicide, Insecticide or Fungicide was applied to the
2023 [Corn] Crop?






Name

Product Code






Code

How many acres of [Corn] were treated with Product?


Acres

How many applications of Product were made for the 2023 [Corn] crop? (If product was applied multiple times in a season, record each application and its rate on separate lines).


Number

At what rate was product applied


Rate

Was that rate:


1 – Pounds

12 – Gallons

13 – Quarts

14 – Pints

15 – Ounces

30 – Grams


Code































































































Corn Herbicide Questions:

  1. Please select which of the following best represents your view of the Minnesota Department of Agriculture’s herbicide Best Management Practices for water quality?

    1. the best management practices are not restrictive enough to protect water quality

    2. The best management practices are too restrictive for protecting water quality

    3. The best management practices are well designed and fair to protect water quality

    4. I don’t currently have enough knowledge of the best management practices to answer.

  2. Think about your largest corn field. How many pre emergence/preplant applications of herbicides did you apply on this field? Enter number

  3. (If one or more), did you incorporate the herbicides in the soil?

    1. Yes

    2. No

    3. Some

  4. How many post emergence applications of herbicides did you apply on this field? Enter number

  5. Who scouted for weeds on your corn acres in 2019? Please list all that apply.

    1. Farmer

    2. Dealer

    3. Independent crop consultant

    4. Other

    5. Did not scout

    6. Do not know

  6. Do you rotate your herbicide “Site of Action” on a yearly basis (different from previous year) on your corn fields?

    1. Yes, all fields

    2. Yes, some fields,

    3. No

    4. Do not know.

  7. Did your corn fields have more than 30% residue when you planted your corn?

    1. Yes, all fields

    2. Yes, some fields

    3. No

    4. Do not know

  8. How often did you calibrate your sprayer (or have it calibrated) for the 2019 corn crop?

    1. Don’t have a sprayer or didn’t use it on 2019 corn crop

    2. Once per year

    3. Twice per year

    4. Three times per year or more

    5. Did not calibrate

  9. Several herbicides require an application setback for surface water. Who identifies the sites where application setbacks are required? Please list all that apply.

    1. Farmer

    2. Dealer

    3. Independent crop consultant

    4. Other

    5. No surface water around my corn acres.

  10. Would you consider planting treated seed without an insecticide included in the seed treatment?

    1. Will not consider it

    2. Unlikely to consider it

    3. May consider it.

    4. Will consider it.

.



Section 5

INSTRUCTIONS: If Section 3 ([[Wheat]] crop acres), items 2, 3 or 4 are greater than zero, complete.
Otherwise go to Section 6.

1. In the following table, please report all herbicides, insecticides and fungicides used on the 2023 [[Wheat]] crop.

What Herbicide, Insecticide or Fungicide was applied to the
2023 [[Wheat]] Crop?






Name

Product Code






Code

How many acres of [[Wheat]] were treated with Product?


Acres

How many applications of Product were made for the 2023 [[Wheat]] crop? (If product was applied multiple times in a season, record each application and its rate on separate lines).


Number

At what rate was product applied


Rate

Was that rate:


1 – Pounds

13 – Quarts

14 – Pints

15 – Ounces


Code































































































[If Herbicide, Insecticide or Fungicide type or quantity is unknown] May we call your dealer, co-op or applicator about the chemicals applied to your operation? Yes__ No__


If Yes, What is the name of the company? __________________________________


Who should we contact for this follow up information? _____________________________


Who should we contact at that company? __________________________________



The next questions are intended for all crops with a focus on use of IPM for insect pests.  Integrated Pest management, or IPM, is an approach that uses multiple pest control tactics in order to minimize economic, environmental, and human health risks.


IPM Questions

  1. What is your primary source of information on Integrated Pest Management for insects?

    1. University extension

    2. Independent crop consultant

    3. Seed or chemical company representative

    4. Internet

    5. Other farmers

    6. Other

    7. I do not get information about IPM for insects


  1. Which of these Integrated Pest Management practices do you use for insect pest management (select all that apply)?

    1. Biological control (Enum Note use of beneficial insects to kill pests)

    2. Cultural control (Enum Note tillage, crop rotation, delayed planting)

    3. Resistant or tolerant crop seed selection (Enum Note. Bt traits, cultivar selection)

    4. Physical control (Enum Note barriers around crops such as high and low tunnels)

    5. Chemical control (Enum Note pesticides)

    6. Other

    7. I don’t have pests to manage


  1. What do you view as the primary challenge for implementing Integrated Pest Management?

    1. Cost

    2. Time

    3. Understanding of how to use Integrated Pest Management

    4. Other

    5. I don’t see any challenges

  1. If insecticide was used on your Corn, was the decision to use insecticide based on scouting results from the field where the applications were applied?

    1. Yes

    2. No

    1. Occasionally

    2. Insecticide was not used


  1. If insecticide was used on your Wheat, was the decision to use insecticide based on scouting results from the field where the applications were applied?

    1. Yes

    2. No

    1. Occasionally

    2. Insecticide was not used


  1. Do you use pest update information from any of the following sources to make insect pest management decisions (choose all that apply)?

    1. Text alerts

    2. Postal mail

    3. Email

    4. Social media

    5. Websites and/or blogs

    6. Other

    7. I do not use pest updates to make management decisions


  1. What factors do you consider when choosing an insecticide (list all that apply)?

  1. Insect resistance to certain insecticides

  2. Rotation of modes of action

  3. Toxicity of insecticide to bees

  4. Toxicity of insecticide to humans

  5. Prior experience with insecticide

  6. Cost of insecticide

  7. Other

  8. No insecticides are used


Section 6 – [Corn] Fertilizer Management


I will now ask you about your fertilizer and irrigation for your [Corn] acres.


Did all your [Corn] fields receive manure for the [2023] crop year?

  1. Yes, all my [Corn] fields received manure. Go to Section 7.

  2. No, I have at least 1 [Corn] field with no manure applied. - Continue


First on a [Corn] field with no manure or compost applied in the fall of [2022] and no manure or compost applied anytime during the 2023 crop year.


A0. How many irrigated [Corn] acres did you have in 2023? ____________ acres


A1. Do you have a [Corn] field without manure applied in the fall of 2022 or anytime in [2023] before or during the crop year? Yes____ [continue] No____ [Skip to Section 7]


Think about your largest [Corn] field that you planted in 2023 without any manure.


I will now ask you questions about that specific field. All following questions will be in relation to that specific field.


A5. How many acres are in this field in 2023? ______________


A2. Was this field irrigated? Yes No


A3. What was the crop grown on this field in 2022 before the 2023 [Corn] crop? (Not including cover crop)

1 Soybeans

2 corn

3 alfalfa (any alfalfa mix)

4 small grains (oat, wheat, rye, barley)

99 other


A4. If Corn [A3 (2)] What was the crop harvested from this field in the 2021 season, before the last two crops?

1 Soybeans

2 corn

3 alfalfa (any alfalfa mix)

4 small grains (oat, wheat rye, barley)

99 other


What was the yield goal when planting this field in 2023? __________ bushels per acre.


A6. What was the average yield of this field over the past three [Corn] crops? (or estimate if unknown) _____


A7. Was any commercial fertilizer applied to this [Corn] field for the 2023 [Corn] crop? Yes No

IF no go to Section 7.


A8. Was any commercial fertilizer applied with a variable rate or more than one rate such as by management zone or grid on this [Corn] field? Yes No


If yes, please use a field average for all the fertilizer rate questions.


A9. What was the total units (actual pounds) per acre of nitrogen applied to this field from all sources and all applications on this field? _____


A9. What type of fertilizer was used to supply the majority of the nitrogen applied to this field?

10 Anhydrous Ammonia

11 Urea (urea and coated urea such as ESN or Super U)

12 Liquid N (such as 28% or 32%)

13 Other

99 Unknown


A10. Did you use a nitrogen inhibitor or stabilizer on this field? Yes No DK


I will now ask you for all your commercial fertilizer applications made on this field for the 2023 crop year, again including any 2022 fall applications of commercial fertilizer. Each individual application will be recorded separately, preferably as units per acre.


This will include all fall applications in 2022 and all 2023 applications including pre-plant applications, starter/planter applications and post plant applications.




[Corn] Field



[If Fertilizer or Nutrient type or quantity is unknown] May we call your dealer, co-op or applicator to about the fertilizers and nutrients applied to your operation? Yes__ No__


If Yes, What is the name of the company? __________________________________


Who should we contact for this follow up information? _____________________________


Who should we contact at that company? __________________________________



Section 7: [Corn] Manure Management


[Corn] Field with manure applied.


M1 Now I will ask about a [Corn] field that was applied with manure for the 2023 growing season.

(1) Press Enter to continue


M2 How many manured [Corn] acres did you have in 2023?  _____________ acres


[If 0, Skip to Section 8]



Think about your largest [Corn] field you planted in 2023 with manure applied for the 2023 growing season, including the fall of 2022]. I will ask you questions about that specific field. All questions should be in relation to that specific field.


(1) Continue : Press Enter to continue


M5 How many acres are in the field? ________________


M3 What was the crop planted on this field in 2022?


(1) Soybeans

(2) Corn

(3) Alfalfa (any alfalfa mix)

(4) Small Grains (oats, wheat, rye, barley)

(99) Other ________________


M4 Was alfalfa the previous crop grown in 2022 before the 2023 [Corn] crop you previously mentioned?


(1) YES

(3) NO


What was the yield goal when planting this field in 2023? __________ bushels per acre.


M6 What was the average yield of this field over that last 3 [Wheat] crops? (or estimate if unknown) ____________


M7 Did the whole [Corn] field receive manure?


(1) YES

(3) NO


M8 What is the main source of manure used on the field?


(1) Dairy

(2) Beef

(3) Hog

(4) Poultry

(5) Other (goat, sheep, equine, etc)

(99) Don't Know


M9 Was the manure applied solid or liquid? Enumertator Note – If farmer reports both solid and liquid, probe by asking “Is the majority of manure applied as a liquid or solid?”


(1) Solid

(2) Liquid


If Solid, what was the rate applied in tons per acre? _______________


If Liquid, what was the rate applied in gallons per acre? _______________


What wat the date manure application began? ____________________


M13 Did you use a nitrogen inhibitor or nitrogen stabilizer on this field?


(1) YES

(3) NO


M14 What is the total amount of 1st year available Nitrogen applied from the manure as units? (Actual pounds of nitrogen per acre). _________________


M15. Did you use a nitrogen inhibitor or stabilizer to your field? 


(1) YES

(3) NO


M20 Was this manure from your own farm operation?


(1) YES

(3) NO


M21 When was the last time the manure was tested for nutrient content?


(1) This year (include 2022 applications for the 2023 crop year)

(2) Last 3 years

(3) Over 3 years ago

(4) Don't Test


M18 Did you also apply commercial fertilizers to this field for the 2023 crop year?


(1) YES

(3) NO


M19 What were the total units of Nitrogen applied per acre to this field from commercial fertilizers for 2023 crop year, including all sources? Don’t’ forget the starter may include Nitrogen as well as phosphorus or sulfur sources. _______________________________



Section 8 – [[Wheat]] Fertilizer Management


I will now ask you about your fertilizer and irrigation for your [Wheat] acres.


Did all your [Wheat] fields receive manure for the 2023 crop year?

  1. Yes, all my [Wheat] fields received manure. Go to Section 9.

  2. No, I have at least 1 [Wheat] field with no manure applied.


First on a [Wheat] field with no manure or compost applied in the fall of 2022 and no manure or compost applied anytime during the 2023 crop year.


A0. How many irrigated [Wheat] acres did you have in 2023? ___________ acres


A1. Do you have a [Wheat] field without manure applied in the fall of 2022 or anytime in 2023 before or during the crop year? Yes____ [continue] No____ [Skip to Section 9]


Think about your largest [Wheat] field that you planted in 2023 without any manure.


I will now ask you questions about that specific field. All following questions will be in relation to that specific field.


A5. How many acres were in this field in 2023? _____


A2. Was this field irrigated? Yes No


A3. What was the crop grown on this field in 2022 before the 2023 [Wheat] crop? (Not including cover crop)

1 Soybeans

2 corn

3 alfalfa (any alfalfa mix)

4 small grains (oat, wheat, rye, barley)

99 other


A4. If Corn [A3 (2)] What was the crop harvested from this field in the 2021 season, before the last two crops?

1 Soybeans

2 corn

3 alfalfa (any alfalfa mix)

4 small grains (oat, wheat, rye, barley)

99 other


What was the yield goal when planting this field in 2023? __________ bushels per acre.


A6. What was the average [Wheat] yield of this field over the past three [Wheat] crops? (or estimate if unknown) _____


A7. Was any commercial fertilizer applied to this [Wheat] field for the 2023 [Wheat] crop? Yes No

IF no go to Section 9.


A8. Was any commercial fertilizer applied with a variable rate or more than one rate such as by management zone or grid on this [Wheat] field? Yes No


If yes, please use a field average for all the fertilizer rate questions.


A9. What was the total units (actual pounds) per acre of nitrogen applied to this field from all sources and all applications on this field? _____


A9. What type of fertilizer was used to supply the majority of the nitrogen applied to this field?

10 Anhydrous Ammonia

11 Urea (urea and coated urea such as ESN or Super U)

12 Liquid N (such as 28% or 32%)

13 Other

99 Unknown


A10. Did you use a nitrogen inhibitor or stabilizer on this field? Yes No DK


I will now ask you for all your commercial fertilizer applications made this this field for the 2023 crop year, again including any 2022 fall applications of commercial fertilizer. Each individual application will be recorded separately, preferably as units per acre.


This will include all fall applications in 2022 and all 2023 applications including pre-plant applications, starter/planter applications and post plant applications.




[Wheat] Field



[If Fertilizer or Nutrient type or quantity is unknown] May we call your dealer, co-op or applicator about the fertilizer and nutrients applied to you operation? Yes__ No__


If Yes, What is the name of the company? __________________________________


Who should we contact for this follow up information? _____________________________


Who should we contact at that company? __________________________________



Section 9: [Wheat] Manure Management


[Wheat] Field with manure applied.


M1 Now I will ask about a [Wheat] field that was applied with manure for the 2023 growing season.

(1) Press Enter to continue


M2 How many manured [Wheat] acres did you have in 2023?  _____________ acres


[If 0, Skip to Section 8]


Think about your largest [Wheat] field you planted in 2023 with manure applied for the 2023 growing season, including the fall of 2022. I will ask you questions about that specific field. All questions should be in relation to that specific field.


(1) Continue : Press Enter to continue


M5 How many acres are in the field? ________________


M3 What was the crop planted on this field in 2022?


(1) Soybeans

(2) Corn

(3) Alfalfa (any alfalfa mix)

(4) Small Grains (oats, wheat, rye, barley)

(99) Other ________________


M4 Was alfalfa the previous crop grown in 2022 before the 2023 Wheat crop you previously mentioned?


(1) YES

(3) NO


What was the yield goal when planting this field in 2023? __________ bushels per acre.


M6 What was the average yield of this field over that last 3 [Wheat] crops? (estimate if unknown)______________


M7 Did the whole [Wheat] field receive manure?


(1) YES

(3) NO


M8 What is the main source of manure used on the field?


(1) Dairy

(2) Beef

(3) Hog

(4) Poultry

(5) Other (goat, sheep, equine, etc.)

(99) Don't Know


M9 Was the manure applied solid or liquid? Enumertator Note – If farmer reports both solid and liquid, probe by asking “Is the majority of manure applied as a liquid or solid?”


(1) Solid

(2) Liquid


If Solid, what was the rate applied in tons per acre? _______________


If Liquid, what was the rate applied in gallons per acre? _______________



What wat the date manure application began? ____________________


M13 Did you use a nitrogen inhibitor or nitrogen stabilizer on this field?


(1) YES

(3) NO


M14 What is the total amount of 1st year available Nitrogen applied from the manure as units? (actual pounds of nitrogen per acre). _________________


M15. Did you use a nitrogen inhibitor or stabilizer to your field? 


(1) YES

(3) NO


M20 Was this manure from your own farm operation?


(1) YES

(3) NO


M21 When was the last time you manure was tested for nutrient content?


(1) This year (include 2022 applications for the 2023 crop year)

(2) Last 3 years

(3) Over 3 years ago

(4) Don't Test


M18 Did you also apply commercial fertilizers to this field for the 2023 crop year?


(1) YES

(3) NO


M19 What were the total units of Nitrogen applied per acre to this field from commercial fertilizers for 2023 crop year, including all sources? Don’t’ forget the starter may include Nitrogen as well as phosphorus or sulfur sources. _______________________________





Section 10: Soil Sampling and Cover Crops – [All Survey Respondents]



What type of soil sampling did you do in the last 5 years on your farm? [Select all that apply]

  1. Traditional

  2. Grid

  3. Zone

  4. In-season Nitrate test

  5. No soil sampling done


Did you tissue test on Corn or Wheats?

Yes

No


How many of your Corn or Wheat acres were planted with a cover crop? ________________


espondent Name: ________________________________________

9911

9910 MM DD YY

Phone: _____________________

Date: __ __ __ __ __ __

This completes the survey. Thank you for your help.

Response

Respondent

Mode

Enum.

Eval.

Change

Office Use for POID

1-Comp

2-R

3-Inac

4-Office Hold

5-R – Est

6-Inac – Est

7-Off Hold – Est

9901

1-Op/Mgr

2-Sp

3-Acct/Bkpr

4-Partner

9-Oth

9902

1-Mail

2-Tel

3-Face-to-Face

4-CATI

5-Web

6-e-mail

7-Fax

8-CAPI

19-Other

9903

9998

9900

9985

9989


__ __ __ - __ __ __ - __ __ __

Optional Use

9907

9908

9906

9916

S/E Name













Survey Results: To receive the complete results of this survey when it is released, go to http://www.mda.state.mn.us/chemicals/pesticides/pesticideuse.aspx and
http://www.mda.state.mn.us/en/protecting/cleanwaterfund/gwdwprotection/nutrientmgmtsurvey.aspx




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