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pdfAgricultural Prices
ISSN: 1937-4216
Released May 31, 2023, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of
Agriculture (USDA).
April Prices Received Index Up 1.9 Percent
The April Prices Received Index 2011 Base (Agricultural Production), at 130.8, increased 1.9 percent from March but
decreased 2.2 percent from April 2022. At 125.6, the Crop Production Index was up 5.8 percent from last month and
2.4 percent from the previous year. The Livestock Production Index, at 135.8, decreased 1.8 percent from March, and
6.2 percent from April last year. Producers received higher prices during April for lettuce, broilers, cattle, and broccoli but
lower prices for market eggs, hogs, milk, and apples. In addition to prices, the volume change of commodities marketed
also influences the indexes. In April, there was increased monthly movement for strawberries, milk, broilers, and lettuce
and decreased marketing of corn, soybeans, hay, and cattle.
April Prices Paid Index Down 0.2 Percent
The April Prices Paid Index for Commodities and Services, Interest, Taxes, and Farm Wage Rates (PPITW), at 139.7, is
down 0.2 percent from March 2023 but up 1.5 percent from April 2022. Lower prices in April for feeder pigs, wage rates,
nitrogen, and complete feeds more than offset higher prices for feeder cattle, hay & forages, gasoline, and LP gas.
Prices Received, Prices Paid, and Ratio of Prices Received to Prices Paid Indexes 2011 Base –
United States: April 2023 with Comparisons
Index Group
April
2022
March
2023
April
2023
(percent)
(percent)
(percent)
Prices received by farmers ...............................................................................
133.7
128.3
130.8
Prices paid by farmers ......................................................................................
137.6
140.0
139.7
Ratio of prices received to prices paid .............................................................
97
91
94
Contents
Prices Received by Farmers................................................................................................................................................ 3
Prices Received Indexes, 2011 Base – United States: April 2023 with Comparisons .......................................................... 4
Prices Received Indexes, 1910-1914 Base – United States: April 2023 with Comparisons ................................................. 4
Prices Received Indexes, 2011 Base by Month for Selected Groups – United States: 2022 and 2023 ................................. 4
Prices Paid Indexes, 2011 Base by Month for Selected Groups – United States: 2022 and 2023......................................... 5
Prices Received for Field Crops and Fruits – United States: April 2023 with Comparisons ................................................ 6
Prices Received for Vegetables and Livestock – United States: April 2023 with Comparisons ........................................... 7
Prices Received for All Wheat, Corn, and Soybeans by Month – United States: 2023 with Comparisons........................... 8
Prices Received for Beef Cattle and All Hogs by Month – United States: 2023 with Comparisons..................................... 8
Prices Received for All Wheat – States and United States: April 2023 with Comparisons .................................................. 9
Prices Received for Winter Wheat – States and United States: April 2023 with Comparisons ............................................ 9
Prices Received for Durum Wheat – States and United States: April 2023 with Comparisons ...........................................10
Prices Received for Spring Wheat – States and United States: April 2023 with Comparisons............................................10
Prices Received for Oats – States and United States: April 2023 with Comparisons ..........................................................10
Prices Received for All Barley – States and United States: April 2023 with Comparisons.................................................11
Prices Received for Malting Barley – States and United States: April 2023 with Comparisons .........................................11
Prices Received for Feed Barley – States and United States: April 2023 with Comparisons ..............................................11
Prices Received for Corn – States and United States: April 2023 with Comparisons .........................................................12
Prices Received for Sorghum Grain – States and United States: April 2023 with Comparisons .........................................12
Prices Received for Soybeans – States and United States: April 2023 with Comparisons ..................................................13
Prices Received for Dry Beans – States and United States: April 2023 with Comparisons.................................................13
Prices Received for Canola – States and United States: April 2023 with Comparisons ......................................................14
Prices Received for Flaxseed – States and United States: April 2023 with Comparisons ...................................................14
Prices Received for Peanuts (in shell) – States and United States: April 2023 with Comparisons ......................................14
Prices Received for Sunflower – States and United States: April 2023 with Comparisons .................................................14
Prices Received for Upland Cotton and Cottonseed – States and United States: April 2023 with Comparisons .................15
Prices Received and Marketings for Upland Cotton and Rice – United States: April 2023 with Comparisons ...................15
Prices Received for Hay by Type – States and United States: April 2023 with Comparisons .............................................16
Prices Received for Premium and Supreme Alfalfa Hay – States and 5-State Total: April 2023 ........................................16
Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization – States and United States: April 2022 ....................................................17
Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization – States and United States: March 2023 ..................................................17
Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization – States and United States: April 2023 ....................................................17
Prices Received for All Milk – States and United States: April 2023 with Comparisons....................................................18
Prices Received for Milk Cows – States and United States: April 2023 with Comparisons................................................18
Commodity Parity Prices and Price as Percent of Parity Price – United States: April 2023 with Comparisons ..................19
Commodity Parity Prices – United States: April 2023 with Comparisons ..........................................................................20
Market Year for Specified Commodities ...........................................................................................................................22
Tobacco Market Year Average Prices Received – States and United States: Marketing Years 2020-2022.........................22
Tobacco Market Year Average Prices Received by Class and Type – States and United States: Marketing
Years 2020-2022 ............................................................................................................................................................23
Reliability of Prices Received Estimates............................................................................................................................24
Prices Paid by Farmers ......................................................................................................................................................25
Prices Paid Indexes and Related Parity Ratios – United States: April 2023 with Comparisons ..........................................26
Prices Paid Indexes and Annual Weights for Input Components and Sub-components – United States:
April 2023 with Comparisons.........................................................................................................................................27
Feed Price Ratios – United States: April 2023 with Comparisons ......................................................................................28
Prices Received Used to Calculate Feed Price Ratios – United States: April 2023 with Comparisons ...............................28
Prices Paid for Feeder Livestock – United States: April 2023 with Comparisons...............................................................28
Feed Ratios Monthly and Annual Average – United States: 2018-2023.............................................................................29
Reliability of Prices Paid Estimates ...................................................................................................................................30
Information Contacts .........................................................................................................................................................31
2
Agricultural Prices (May 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
April Prices Received by Farmers
Crop production: The April index, at 125.6, is 5.8 percent higher than March and 2.4 percent higher than April 2022.
Grain & oilseed, vegetable & melon, fruit & tree nut, and other crop indexes are all up.
Grain and oilseed: The April index, at 114.9, is up 0.3 percent from March but down 6.0 percent from April 2022.
Feed grain and food grain index increases more than offset the lower oilseed index.
Feed grain: The April index, at 111.6, increased 0.4 percent from last month but decreased 5.2 percent from a year ago.
The corn price, at $6.70 per bushel, is up 3 cents from last month but down 37 cents from April 2022.
Food grain: At 119.1, the index for April increased 0.1 percent from the previous month but decreased 9.1 percent from a
year ago. The April price for rice, at $18.80 per cwt, is 40 cents higher than March and $2.70 higher than April 2022. The
April price for all wheat, at $8.31 per bushel, is 3 cents lower than March and $1.89 lower than April 2022.
Oilseed: At 118.4, the index for April decreased 0.2 percent from March and 6.0 percent from April 2022. The soybean
price, at $14.90 per bushel, is unchanged from March but 90 cents lower than April a year earlier.
Fruit and tree nut: The April index, at 139.7, is up 4.2 percent from March and 4.6 percent from a year earlier. Price
increases for strawberries and oranges during April more than offset price decreases for apples, lemons, pears, and
grapefruit.
Vegetable and melon: At 207.3, the index for April is up 40 percent from the previous month and 63 percent from April
2022. Price increases during April for lettuce, broccoli, cauliflower, and onions more than offset price declines for celery,
carrots, tomatoes, and sweet corn.
Other crop: The April index, at 113.4, is up 0.5 percent from the previous month but down 1.0 percent from April 2022.
The all hay price, at $249.00 per ton, is $18.00 higher than March and $30.00 higher than April 2022. At 76.0 cents per
pound, the price for upland cotton is 4.3 cents lower than March and 23.4 cents lower than April 2022.
Livestock production: The index for April, at 135.8, decreased 1.8 percent from the previous month and 6.2 percent from
April a year earlier. Dairy and poultry & egg index decreases more than offset the higher meat animal index.
Meat animal: At 131.9, the April index increased 2.0 percent from the previous month and 9.9 percent from a year
earlier. The April beef cattle price of $171.00 per cwt is $7.00 higher than the previous month and $32.00 higher than
April 2022. At $57.00 per cwt, the April hog price is $4.70 lower than March and $19.20 lower than a year earlier.
Dairy: The index for April, at 103.0, is down 1.9 percent from the previous month and 23 percent from April a year ago.
The April all milk price of $20.70 per cwt is 40 cents lower than March and $6.30 lower than April 2022.
Poultry and egg: At 178.2, the April index decreased 7.7 percent from March and 17 percent from April 2022. The April
market egg price, at $1.25 per dozen, is $1.43 lower than March and 96.0 cents lower than April 2022. At $1.16 per
pound, the April turkey price is 2.0 cents lower than the previous month but 21.5 cents higher than April 2022. The April
broiler price, at 84.6 cents per pound, is 7.6 cents higher than March but 19.1 cents lower than a year ago.
Food Commodities: The index, at 136.8, increased 1.8 percent from the previous month but decreased 1.9 percent from
April 2022.
Agricultural Prices (May 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
3
Prices Received Indexes, 2011 Base – United States: April 2023 with Comparisons
[Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov]
2011 Base
Index Group
April
2022
March
2023
April
2023
(percent)
(percent)
(percent)
Agricultural production ...............................................................................
Crop production .....................................................................................
Grain and oilseed ..............................................................................
Feed grain ......................................................................................
Food grain ......................................................................................
Oilseed ...........................................................................................
Fruit and tree nut ...............................................................................
Vegetable and melon ........................................................................
Other crop ..........................................................................................
133.7
122.6
122.2
117.7
131.0
125.9
133.5
127.3
114.5
128.3
118.7
114.6
111.2
119.0
118.6
134.1
147.6
112.8
130.8
125.6
114.9
111.6
119.1
118.4
139.7
207.3
113.4
Livestock production ..............................................................................
Meat animal .......................................................................................
Cattle ..............................................................................................
Hog .................................................................................................
Dairy ...................................................................................................
Poultry and egg .................................................................................
144.8
120.0
121.7
114.6
134.3
215.7
138.3
129.3
144.1
92.8
105.0
193.0
135.8
131.9
150.5
85.7
103.0
178.2
Food commodity ........................................................................................
139.4
134.4
136.8
Prices Received Indexes, 1910-1914 Base – United States: April 2023 with Comparisons
[Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov]
1910 - 1914 Base
Index Group
April
2022
March
2023
April
2023
(percent)
(percent)
(percent)
Agricultural production ...............................................................................
Crop production .....................................................................................
Livestock production ..............................................................................
1379
1069
1681
1324
1035
1606
1349
1096
1577
Prices Received Indexes, 2011 Base by Month for Selected Groups – United States: 2022 and 2023
[Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not
yet begun]
2011 Base
Month
January ................................
February ..............................
March ...................................
April ......................................
May ......................................
June .....................................
July ......................................
August .................................
September ...........................
October ................................
November ............................
December ............................
4
Agricultural
production
Crop
production
Livestock
production
Food
commodities
2022
2023
2022
2023
2022
2023
2022
2023
(percent)
(percent)
(percent)
(percent)
(percent)
(percent)
(percent)
(percent)
111.6
119.7
127.2
133.7
134.6
134.8
134.1
131.2
130.9
127.6
133.3
137.8
124.4
126.6
128.3
130.8
104.8
114.3
120.7
122.6
123.4
125.9
124.6
127.9
126.4
121.5
126.7
128.5
117.8
120.4
118.7
125.6
123.6
125.6
133.9
144.8
145.6
144.5
146.2
135.0
136.6
139.2
143.6
150.8
136.4
133.3
138.3
135.8
118.6
125.1
133.2
139.4
140.3
140.0
139.2
135.1
135.0
133.6
145.0
150.1
131.9
132.0
134.4
136.8
Agricultural Prices (May 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Prices Paid Indexes, 2011 Base by Month for Selected Groups – United States: 2022 and 2023
[Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not
yet begun]
2011 Base
All items
(PPITW)
Month
January ...............................
February ..............................
March ..................................
April .....................................
May ......................................
June .....................................
July ......................................
August .................................
September ..........................
October ...............................
November ...........................
December ...........................
Crop
sector
Production
Livestock
sector
2022
2023
2022
2023
2022
2023
2022
2023
(percent)
(percent)
(percent)
(percent)
(percent)
(percent)
(percent)
(percent)
131.0
133.1
135.1
137.6
137.6
138.1
138.7
139.3
138.8
138.6
138.8
138.4
Agricultural Prices (May 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
140.1
140.1
140.0
139.7
129.1
131.7
134.1
137.9
137.6
138.0
138.3
139.2
138.5
138.0
138.4
137.9
138.7
138.5
138.4
138.2
133.5
134.9
136.7
140.0
140.4
140.9
140.6
140.8
140.0
140.0
140.3
139.3
140.8
140.1
139.4
138.5
128.5
131.3
133.3
135.1
134.7
135.3
136.6
137.7
137.5
137.1
137.4
137.5
139.4
140.1
140.7
141.0
5
Prices Received for Field Crops and Fruits – United States: April 2023 with Comparisons
Commodity
2011
Base Price
April 2022
March 2023
April 2023
Field crops
Barley, all ........................................................... dollars/bushel
Feed .................................................................dollars/bushel
Malting .............................................................. dollars/bushel
Beans, dry edible .................................................... dollars/cwt
Canola ..................................................................... dollars/cwt
Chickpeas, all .......................................................... dollars/cwt
Large ..................................................................... dollars/cwt
Small ..................................................................... dollars/cwt
Corn ....................................................................dollars/bushel
4.79
4.59
4.83
34.60
23.10
35.70
39.20
23.40
6.02
6.00
6.34
5.90
50.10
41.30
38.10
(D)
(D)
7.07
7.48
6.13
7.63
41.30
30.90
33.20
34.50
28.80
6.67
7.16
6.39
7.24
39.20
26.80
37.70
38.10
31.80
6.70
Cotton, Upland ................................................... dollars/pound
Cottonseed ...............................................................dollars/ton
Flaxseed ............................................................. dollars/bushel
Hay, all, baled ..........................................................dollars/ton
Alfalfa .....................................................................dollars/ton
Other ......................................................................dollars/ton
Lentils ...................................................................... dollars/cwt
Oats ....................................................................dollars/bushel
Peanuts, in-shell ................................................ dollars/pound
0.880
131.00
14.20
159.00
176.00
119.00
27.50
3.42
0.252
0.994
(NA)
30.20
219.00
257.00
152.00
40.30
6.48
0.248
0.803
(NA)
14.80
231.00
267.00
171.00
36.10
4.22
0.269
0.760
(NA)
12.10
249.00
287.00
167.00
32.20
4.04
0.273
Peas, dry edible ...................................................... dollars/cwt
Rice, all .................................................................... dollars/cwt
Long ...................................................................... dollars/cwt
Medium and short ................................................. dollars/cwt
Sorghum grain ........................................................ dollars/cwt
Soybeans ........................................................... dollars/bushel
Sunflowers, all ........................................................ dollars/cwt
13.60
13.70
12.30
18.40
10.70
12.50
29.00
20.10
16.10
14.10
26.50
13.20
15.80
37.10
17.00
18.40
17.20
28.20
11.70
14.90
26.90
14.10
18.80
17.30
31.70
12.00
14.90
26.90
Wheat, all ........................................................... dollars/bushel
Winter ............................................................... dollars/bushel
Durum ............................................................... dollars/bushel
Other spring ..................................................... dollars/bushel
Hard red winter ................................................ dollars/bushel
Soft red winter .................................................. dollars/bushel
Hard red spring ................................................ dollars/bushel
White ................................................................ dollars/bushel
7.44
6.93
9.22
8.33
7.07
6.77
8.38
6.58
10.20
9.84
15.50
10.20
9.99
9.38
10.30
9.46
8.34
8.25
9.13
8.33
8.68
7.63
8.37
7.48
8.31
8.07
9.06
8.40
8.47
6.85
8.47
6.79
Fruits
Citrus, equivalent on-tree
Grapefruit .............................................................. dollars/box
Lemons .................................................................dollars/box
Oranges ................................................................ dollars/box
7.47
12.30
8.16
16.38
12.35
14.87
17.14
14.65
11.46
15.97
11.91
12.88
Non-citrus, fresh 1
Apples ............................................................. dollars/pound
Grapes ..................................................................dollars/ton
Peaches ................................................................dollars/ton
Pears .....................................................................dollars/ton
Strawberries .......................................................... dollars/cwt
0.325
598.00
507.00
559.00
104.00
0.746
(S)
(S)
1,200.00
145.00
0.882
(S)
(S)
1,490.00
170.00
0.834
(S)
(S)
1,170.00
192.00
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
(NA) Not available.
(S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate.
1
Beginning February 2020, price reflects FOB shipping point basis.
6
Agricultural Prices (May 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Prices Received for Vegetables and Livestock – United States: April 2023 with Comparisons
[Price data source for potato, livestock, and poultry commodities is United States Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Marketing Service]
Commodity
2011
Base Price
April 2022
March 2023
April 2023
Vegetables, fresh 1
Asparagus ............................................................... dollars/cwt
Beans, snap ............................................................ dollars/cwt
Broccoli ................................................................... dollars/cwt
Cantaloupes ............................................................ dollars/cwt
Carrots .................................................................... dollars/cwt
Cauliflower .............................................................. dollars/cwt
Celery ...................................................................... dollars/cwt
Corn, sweet ............................................................. dollars/cwt
Cucumbers ............................................................. dollars/cwt
Lettuce .................................................................... dollars/cwt
Onions 2 .................................................................. dollars/cwt
Potatoes .................................................................. dollars/cwt
Tomatoes ................................................................ dollars/cwt
37.50
69.00
41.60
16.50
30.80
47.00
22.50
30.70
18.70
24.30
11.90
14.30
51.20
(S)
48.80
59.00
37.30
50.20
59.80
46.90
40.50
45.40
28.70
48.30
14.80
53.80
(S)
42.40
86.60
(S)
51.60
113.00
65.20
38.50
22.40
26.30
24.40
22.00
47.50
(S)
64.40
168.00
(S)
46.50
230.00
47.80
33.60
32.20
76.10
28.00
22.80
41.60
Livestock
Calves ..................................................................... dollars/cwt
Cattle, all beef ......................................................... dollars/cwt
Cows 3 ................................................................... dollars/cwt
Steers and heifers ................................................ dollars/cwt
Milk cows 4 ............................................................dollars/head
Hogs, all .................................................................. dollars/cwt
Barrows and gilts .................................................. dollars/cwt
Sows ..................................................................... dollars/cwt
142.00
115.00
71.60
117.00
1,420.00
66.50
66.80
57.90
186.00
139.00
88.10
142.00
1,570.00
76.20
75.40
94.70
230.00
164.00
95.70
167.00
(NA)
61.70
61.60
64.40
244.00
171.00
99.30
175.00
1,720.00
57.00
57.70
41.20
Dairy and poultry
Milk, all 5 .................................................................. dollars/cwt
Fat test ........................................................................percent
Broilers, live 6 ......................................................dollars/pound
Eggs, all .............................................................. dollars/dozen
Market 7 ............................................................. dollars/dozen
Turkeys, live 8 .....................................................dollars/pound
20.10
4.12
0.459
0.969
0.796
0.680
27.00
4.08
1.037
2.30
2.21
0.945
21.10
4.19
0.770
2.80
2.68
1.18
20.70
4.12
0.846
1.58
1.25
1.16
Adjusted for seasonal variation
Eggs, all .............................................................. dollars/dozen
Seasonal factor .......................................................... percent
Milk, all .................................................................... dollars/cwt
Seasonal factor .......................................................... percent
0.979
101
20.20
100
2.40
96
26.60
101
2.44
115
21.30
99
1.65
96
20.30
102
(NA) Not available.
(S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate.
1
Beginning February 2020, price reflects FOB shipping point basis
2
Includes some processing.
3
Beef cows and cull dairy cows sold for slaughter.
4
Animals sold for dairy herd replacement only. Prices available for January, April, July, and October.
5
Before deductions for hauling. Includes quality, quantity, and other premiums. Excludes hauling subsidies.
6
Live weight equivalent price.
7
Also referred to as table eggs.
8
Live weight equivalent price is used when actual live weight price is not available. Beginning January 2011, price reflects FOB shipping point
basis. Prior year price reflects delivered basis.
Agricultural Prices (May 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
7
Prices Received for All Wheat, Corn, and Soybeans by Month – United States: 2023 with Comparisons
[Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
All wheat
Month
January .........
February .......
March ............
April ...............
May ...............
June ..............
July ...............
August ..........
September ....
October .........
November .....
December .....
Corn
Soybeans
2021
2022
2023
2021
2022
2023
2021
2022
2023
(dollars per
bushel)
5.48
5.83
5.86
6.04
6.46
6.23
6.26
7.14
7.75
7.92
8.52
8.59
(dollars per
bushel)
8.48
9.16
9.93
10.20
10.90
9.55
8.69
8.55
8.85
9.21
9.16
8.98
(dollars per
bushel)
8.82
8.53
8.34
8.31
(dollars per
bushel)
4.24
4.75
4.89
5.31
5.91
6.00
6.12
6.32
5.47
5.02
5.26
5.47
(dollars per
bushel)
5.58
6.09
6.56
7.07
7.26
7.38
7.25
7.24
7.09
6.50
6.49
6.58
(dollars per
bushel)
6.64
6.80
6.67
6.70
(dollars per
bushel)
10.90
12.70
13.20
13.90
14.80
14.50
14.10
13.70
12.20
11.90
12.10
12.50
(dollars per
bushel)
12.90
14.70
15.40
15.80
16.10
16.40
15.50
15.30
14.10
13.50
14.00
14.40
(dollars per
bushel)
14.50
15.10
14.90
14.90
Prices Received for Beef Cattle and All Hogs by Month – United States: 2023 with Comparisons
[Price data source for livestock commodities is United States Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Marketing Service. Blank data cells indicate
estimation period has not yet begun]
Beef cattle 1
All hogs 2
Month
2021
2022
2023
2021
2022
2023
(dollars per cwt)
January ..............
February ............
March .................
April ....................
May ....................
June ...................
July ....................
August ...............
September .........
October ..............
November ..........
December ..........
1
2
8
110.00
112.00
113.00
118.00
118.00
121.00
122.00
123.00
124.00
123.00
129.00
137.00
(dollars per cwt)
135.00
137.00
139.00
139.00
141.00
140.00
142.00
141.00
143.00
145.00
151.00
154.00
(dollars per cwt)
156.00
158.00
164.00
171.00
(dollars per cwt)
50.20
56.40
67.20
75.60
79.30
82.70
80.00
79.00
70.80
65.50
58.60
56.50
(dollars per cwt)
58.80
68.60
75.10
76.20
75.90
78.70
83.00
85.80
73.80
70.50
66.70
62.50
(dollars per cwt)
58.50
59.60
61.70
57.00
Cows and steers & heifers.
Barrows & gilts and sows.
Agricultural Prices (May 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Prices Received for All Wheat – States and United States: April 2023 with Comparisons
State
April 2022
March 2023
April 2023
(dollars per bushel)
(dollars per bushel)
(dollars per bushel)
Arizona ...............................................
Arkansas ............................................
California ............................................
Colorado ............................................
Idaho ..................................................
Illinois .................................................
Indiana ...............................................
Kansas ...............................................
Michigan .............................................
Minnesota ..........................................
(S)
(D)
(D)
9.62
8.71
9.77
7.63
9.79
8.30
10.20
(S)
(D)
(D)
7.95
8.21
7.78
7.55
8.32
7.53
9.78
(D)
(S)
(D)
8.39
7.23
6.57
7.31
8.50
6.85
9.00
Missouri ..............................................
Montana .............................................
Nebraska ............................................
North Carolina ...................................
North Dakota ......................................
Ohio ....................................................
Oklahoma ...........................................
Oregon ...............................................
South Dakota .....................................
Texas .................................................
Washington ........................................
10.10
10.20
10.50
9.90
10.90
8.37
9.81
(D)
10.40
12.20
10.20
8.05
(D)
8.33
7.72
8.41
6.93
8.09
8.04
8.64
9.63
7.29
7.19
8.68
8.37
(D)
8.36
6.38
8.05
(D)
8.23
9.85
6.89
United States .....................................
10.20
8.34
8.31
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
(S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate.
Prices Received for Winter Wheat – States and United States: April 2023 with Comparisons
State
April 2022
March 2023
April 2023
(dollars per bushel)
(dollars per bushel)
(dollars per bushel)
Arkansas ............................................
California ............................................
Colorado ............................................
Idaho ..................................................
Illinois .................................................
Indiana ...............................................
Kansas ...............................................
Michigan .............................................
Missouri ..............................................
(D)
(D)
9.62
8.67
9.77
7.63
9.79
8.30
10.10
(D)
(D)
7.95
8.21
7.78
7.55
8.32
7.53
8.05
(S)
(D)
8.39
7.08
6.57
7.31
8.50
6.85
7.19
Montana .............................................
Nebraska ............................................
North Carolina ...................................
North Dakota ......................................
Ohio ....................................................
Oklahoma ...........................................
Oregon ...............................................
South Dakota .....................................
Texas .................................................
Washington ........................................
9.94
10.50
9.90
8.32
8.37
9.81
(D)
10.50
12.20
10.20
(D)
8.33
7.72
8.68
6.93
8.09
8.07
8.61
9.63
7.27
8.33
8.37
(D)
8.61
6.38
8.05
(D)
8.43
9.85
6.84
United States .....................................
9.84
8.25
8.07
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
(S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate.
Agricultural Prices (May 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
9
Prices Received for Durum Wheat – States and United States: April 2023 with Comparisons
State
April 2022
March 2023
April 2023
(dollars per bushel)
(dollars per bushel)
(dollars per bushel)
Arizona ...............................................
California ............................................
Idaho ...................................................
Montana .............................................
North Dakota ......................................
(S)
(S)
(S)
(D)
15.10
(S)
(D)
(S)
(S)
9.11
(D)
(D)
(S)
(D)
9.07
United States .....................................
15.50
9.13
9.06
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
(S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate.
Prices Received for Spring Wheat – States and United States: April 2023 with Comparisons
State
April 2022
March 2023
(dollars per bushel)
April 2023
(dollars per bushel)
(dollars per bushel)
Idaho ...................................................
Minnesota ...........................................
Montana .............................................
North Dakota ......................................
South Dakota .....................................
Washington ........................................
8.83
10.20
10.10
10.40
10.30
10.40
8.21
9.78
(D)
8.05
8.68
7.44
7.61
9.00
9.09
8.20
7.87
7.19
United States .....................................
10.20
8.33
8.40
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
Prices Received for Oats – States and United States: April 2023 with Comparisons
State
April 2022
March 2023
April 2023
(dollars per bushel)
(dollars per bushel)
(dollars per bushel)
Illinois ..................................................
Iowa ....................................................
Michigan .............................................
Minnesota ...........................................
Montana .............................................
Nebraska ............................................
New York ............................................
North Dakota ......................................
Oregon ...............................................
Pennsylvania ......................................
South Dakota .....................................
Texas ..................................................
Wisconsin ...........................................
(D)
5.94
(D)
6.62
(S)
7.62
(S)
6.29
(S)
(D)
7.03
(S)
5.70
(D)
4.85
(D)
3.84
(S)
5.39
(S)
3.96
(S)
(D)
3.92
(S)
4.54
(D)
4.91
(D)
4.10
(S)
(D)
(D)
3.86
(S)
(D)
3.75
(S)
4.25
United States .....................................
6.48
4.22
4.04
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
(S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate.
10
Agricultural Prices (May 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Prices Received for All Barley – States and United States: April 2023 with Comparisons
State
April 2022
March 2023
April 2023
(dollars per bushel)
(dollars per bushel)
(dollars per bushel)
California ............................................
Colorado ............................................
Idaho ..................................................
Minnesota ..........................................
Montana .............................................
North Dakota ......................................
Washington ........................................
Wyoming ............................................
(S)
4.94
5.67
(D)
7.29
5.71
(D)
(D)
(S)
7.35
7.90
(D)
8.67
7.00
7.72
7.36
(S)
7.27
7.92
(S)
6.07
7.23
7.73
(D)
United States .....................................
6.00
7.48
7.16
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
(S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate.
Prices Received for Malting Barley – States and United States: April 2023 with Comparisons
State
April 2022
March 2023
(dollars per bushel)
April 2023
(dollars per bushel)
(dollars per bushel)
California ............................................
Colorado ............................................
Idaho ..................................................
Minnesota ..........................................
Montana .............................................
North Dakota ......................................
Washington ........................................
Wyoming ............................................
(S)
4.94
5.58
(D)
(D)
5.46
(D)
(D)
(S)
7.35
7.94
(D)
8.77
7.20
(D)
(D)
(S)
7.33
7.93
(S)
6.05
7.54
(D)
(D)
United States .....................................
5.90
7.63
7.24
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
(S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate.
Prices Received for Feed Barley – States and United States: April 2023 with Comparisons
State
April 2022
March 2023
April 2023
(dollars per bushel)
(dollars per bushel)
(dollars per bushel)
California ............................................
Colorado ............................................
Idaho ..................................................
Minnesota ..........................................
Montana .............................................
North Dakota ......................................
Washington ........................................
Wyoming ............................................
(S)
(S)
6.84
(S)
7.41
5.82
6.58
(S)
(S)
(S)
(D)
(S)
(D)
6.07
5.90
(S)
(S)
(D)
(D)
(S)
(D)
6.37
5.04
(S)
United States .....................................
6.34
6.13
6.39
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
(S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate.
Agricultural Prices (May 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
11
Prices Received for Corn – States and United States: April 2023 with Comparisons
State
April 2022
March 2023
April 2023
(dollars per bushel)
(dollars per bushel)
(dollars per bushel)
Colorado .............................................
Illinois ..................................................
Indiana ................................................
Iowa ....................................................
Kansas ...............................................
Kentucky .............................................
Michigan .............................................
Minnesota ...........................................
Missouri ..............................................
Nebraska ............................................
7.12
7.16
7.07
7.12
7.42
6.79
6.80
6.81
7.33
7.07
7.75
6.54
6.57
6.70
7.09
6.93
6.16
6.47
6.81
6.90
7.62
6.54
6.63
6.75
7.17
6.85
6.34
6.49
6.91
6.87
North Carolina ....................................
North Dakota ......................................
Ohio ....................................................
Pennsylvania ......................................
South Dakota .....................................
Tennessee .........................................
Texas ..................................................
Wisconsin ...........................................
7.85
6.77
7.07
7.06
7.14
7.60
7.88
6.89
7.52
6.42
6.28
7.45
6.67
7.15
8.23
6.25
7.46
6.45
6.42
6.81
6.83
6.42
7.77
6.30
United States .....................................
7.07
6.67
6.70
Prices Received for Sorghum Grain – States and United States: April 2023 with Comparisons
State
April 2022
March 2023
(dollars per cwt)
April 2023
(dollars per cwt)
(dollars per cwt)
Kansas ...............................................
Nebraska ............................................
Oklahoma ...........................................
Texas ..................................................
13.20
12.60
13.30
13.40
12.10
12.40
11.80
8.60
12.30
11.70
12.40
9.45
United States .....................................
13.20
11.70
12.00
12
Agricultural Prices (May 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Prices Received for Soybeans – States and United States: April 2023 with Comparisons
State
April 2022
March 2023
April 2023
(dollars per bushel)
(dollars per bushel)
(dollars per bushel)
Arkansas ............................................
Illinois .................................................
Indiana ...............................................
Iowa ....................................................
Kansas ...............................................
Kentucky ............................................
Louisiana ............................................
Michigan .............................................
Minnesota ..........................................
Mississippi ..........................................
14.90
16.00
15.90
15.40
15.90
15.60
15.80
16.50
15.70
14.30
15.10
15.00
15.10
14.90
14.90
15.10
14.80
15.40
14.50
15.00
15.80
15.00
15.10
14.80
14.90
15.30
(D)
15.60
14.40
14.90
Missouri ..............................................
Nebraska ............................................
North Carolina ...................................
North Dakota ......................................
Ohio ....................................................
South Dakota .....................................
Tennessee .........................................
Wisconsin ...........................................
16.20
15.40
15.90
15.40
16.20
15.50
15.20
15.50
15.20
14.90
15.20
13.90
15.30
14.80
14.90
14.40
15.00
14.30
15.00
14.20
15.40
14.70
14.90
14.50
United States .....................................
15.80
14.90
14.90
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
Prices Received for Dry Beans – States and United States: April 2023 with Comparisons
State
April 2022
March 2023
(dollars per cwt)
April 2023
(dollars per cwt)
(dollars per cwt)
California ............................................
Colorado ............................................
Idaho ..................................................
Michigan .............................................
Minnesota ..........................................
Nebraska ............................................
North Dakota ......................................
(D)
50.10
(S)
51.00
47.40
(D)
52.40
(D)
37.70
(S)
44.50
39.20
(D)
37.20
(D)
(D)
(S)
48.10
39.10
(D)
36.20
United States .....................................
50.10
41.30
39.20
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
(S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate.
Agricultural Prices (May 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
13
Prices Received for Canola – States and United States: April 2023 with Comparisons
State
April 2022
March 2023
April 2023
(dollars per cwt)
(dollars per cwt)
(dollars per cwt)
Minnesota ...........................................
Montana .............................................
North Dakota ......................................
Oklahoma ...........................................
(D)
35.00
42.00
(S)
(D)
(S)
30.40
(S)
(D)
(D)
26.90
(S)
United States .....................................
41.30
30.90
26.80
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
(S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate.
Prices Received for Flaxseed – States and United States: April 2023 with Comparisons
State
April 2022
March 2023
April 2023
(dollars per bushel)
(dollars per bushel)
(dollars per bushel)
North Dakota ......................................
30.20
14.80
12.10
United States .....................................
30.20
14.80
12.10
Prices Received for Peanuts (in shell) – States and United States: April 2023 with Comparisons
State
April 2022
March 2023
(dollars per pound)
April 2023
(dollars per pound)
(dollars per pound)
Alabama .............................................
Arkansas ............................................
Florida .................................................
Georgia ...............................................
Mississippi ..........................................
New Mexico ........................................
North Carolina ....................................
Oklahoma ...........................................
South Carolina ...................................
Texas ..................................................
Virginia ...............................................
0.271
(S)
0.255
0.239
0.231
(S)
0.258
0.286
0.257
0.291
0.264
0.291
(S)
0.299
0.257
0.321
(S)
0.271
0.354
0.261
0.365
0.276
0.279
(S)
0.289
0.267
0.215
(S)
0.272
0.351
0.268
0.372
0.278
United States .....................................
0.248
0.269
0.273
(S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate.
Prices Received for Sunflower – States and United States: April 2023 with Comparisons
State
April 2022
March 2023
(dollars per cwt)
April 2023
(dollars per cwt)
(dollars per cwt)
Kansas ...............................................
Minnesota ...........................................
North Dakota ......................................
South Dakota .....................................
(D)
(D)
36.60
38.20
(D)
(D)
26.60
27.20
(D)
(D)
28.40
24.60
United States .....................................
37.10
26.90
26.90
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
14
Agricultural Prices (May 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Prices Received for Upland Cotton and Cottonseed – States and United States: April 2023
with Comparisons
[Cottonseed marketing year August - February]
Cotton, Upland
State
April
2022
March
2023
Cottonseed
April
2023
(dollars per pound) (dollars per pound) (dollars per pound)
April
2022
March
2023
April
2023
(dollars per ton)
(dollars per ton)
(dollars per ton)
Alabama ...............................
Arizona .................................
Arkansas ..............................
California ..............................
Georgia ................................
Louisiana ..............................
Mississippi ............................
North Carolina .....................
Tennessee ...........................
Texas ...................................
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(S)
(S)
(S)
(D)
1.080
0.927
(S)
0.871
(S)
0.856
(D)
0.899
0.936
0.776
0.721
(D)
(S)
(D)
(S)
(D)
(S)
(D)
0.788
0.776
0.738
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
United States .......................
0.994
0.803
0.760
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
(NA) Not available.
(S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate.
Prices Received and Marketings for Upland Cotton and Rice – United States: April 2023
with Comparisons
Item
April 2022
March 2023
April 2023
Cotton, Upland
Average price ........................................ dollars/pound
Marketings 1 ..............................................1,000 bales
0.994
315
0.803
910
0.760
238
Rice, all
Average price ............................................ dollars/cwt
Marketings 2 ................................................. 1,000 cwt
16.10
12,707
18.40
14,012
18.80
8,896
Rice, long
Average price ............................................ dollars/cwt
Marketings 2 ................................................. 1,000 cwt
14.10
10,616
17.20
12,519
17.30
7,949
Rice, medium and short
California
Average price ............................................ dollars/cwt
32.60
34.20
33.90
Other States 3
Average price ............................................ dollars/cwt
14.30
19.30
18.40
United States
Average price ............................................ dollars/cwt
Marketings 2 ................................................. 1,000 cwt
26.50
2,091
28.20
1,493
31.70
947
1
2
3
Marketings based on a survey of cotton buyers in the major producing States - Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Georgia, Louisiana,
Mississippi, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Texas.
Purchases by private firms and rice (rough equivalent) shipped by cooperatives.
Other States include Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, and Texas.
Agricultural Prices (May 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
15
Prices Received for Hay by Type – States and United States: April 2023 with Comparisons
All hay
State
Alfalfa hay
Other hay
April
2022
March
2023
April
2023
April
2022
March
2023
April
2023
April
2022
March
2023
April
2023
Arizona .............................
California ..........................
Colorado ...........................
Idaho .................................
Illinois ................................
Iowa ..................................
Kansas .............................
Kentucky ...........................
Michigan ...........................
Minnesota .........................
(dollars per
ton)
284.00
320.00
213.00
248.00
173.00
165.00
161.00
158.00
171.00
183.00
(dollars per
ton)
349.00
313.00
274.00
253.00
168.00
183.00
214.00
187.00
172.00
172.00
(dollars per
ton)
344.00
288.00
274.00
249.00
168.00
179.00
217.00
187.00
177.00
164.00
(dollars per
ton)
285.00
330.00
205.00
250.00
180.00
171.00
190.00
220.00
190.00
191.00
(dollars per
ton)
350.00
320.00
275.00
255.00
180.00
189.00
274.00
230.00
190.00
179.00
(dollars per
ton)
345.00
300.00
275.00
250.00
180.00
183.00
271.00
228.00
195.00
179.00
(dollars per
ton)
215.00
270.00
225.00
195.00
135.00
146.00
110.00
145.00
130.00
160.00
(dollars per
ton)
240.00
290.00
265.00
230.00
120.00
162.00
146.00
170.00
135.00
148.00
(dollars per
ton)
240.00
230.00
265.00
225.00
125.00
168.00
150.00
170.00
135.00
135.00
Missouri ............................
Montana ...........................
Nebraska ..........................
Nevada .............................
New Mexico ......................
New York ..........................
North Dakota ....................
Ohio ..................................
Oklahoma .........................
Oregon .............................
120.00
251.00
158.00
273.00
242.00
149.00
181.00
160.00
111.00
272.00
136.00
243.00
200.00
274.00
298.00
176.00
120.00
177.00
147.00
307.00
133.00
243.00
198.00
254.00
303.00
181.00
123.00
178.00
134.00
300.00
165.00
260.00
180.00
280.00
250.00
215.00
200.00
185.00
210.00
275.00
165.00
245.00
230.00
280.00
310.00
248.00
129.00
200.00
267.00
325.00
165.00
245.00
229.00
260.00
315.00
260.00
127.00
200.00
267.00
315.00
110.00
220.00
110.00
230.00
210.00
133.00
118.00
145.00
100.00
265.00
130.00
235.00
140.00
230.00
235.00
159.00
96.00
155.00
111.00
255.00
125.00
235.00
140.00
210.00
240.00
163.00
99.00
155.00
114.00
255.00
Pennsylvania ....................
South Dakota ...................
Texas ................................
Utah ..................................
Washington ......................
Wisconsin .........................
Wyoming ..........................
143.00
179.00
158.00
257.00
261.00
154.00
222.00
174.00
169.00
199.00
289.00
320.00
151.00
241.00
176.00
170.00
197.00
284.00
312.00
148.00
246.00
221.00
194.00
217.00
260.00
255.00
161.00
225.00
248.00
185.00
271.00
290.00
335.00
162.00
245.00
260.00
185.00
276.00
285.00
330.00
160.00
250.00
134.00
135.00
148.00
205.00
285.00
125.00
200.00
161.00
135.00
184.00
235.00
285.00
115.00
220.00
165.00
138.00
184.00
235.00
280.00
110.00
220.00
United States ...................
219.00
231.00
249.00
257.00
267.00
287.00
152.00
171.00
167.00
Prices Received for Premium and Supreme Alfalfa Hay – States and 5-State Total: April 2023
State
April 2022
March 2023
(dollars per ton)
April 2023
(dollars per ton)
(dollars per ton)
California ............................................
Idaho ...................................................
Michigan .............................................
Minnesota ...........................................
New York ............................................
Pennsylvania ......................................
Texas ..................................................
Wisconsin ...........................................
350.00
285.00
210.00
213.00
260.00
267.00
256.00
214.00
340.00
300.00
220.00
223.00
321.00
331.00
344.00
196.00
330.00
300.00
225.00
209.00
335.00
345.00
344.00
190.00
5-State Total 1 2 ..................................
318.00
314.00
315.00
1
2
5-State total represents a weighted (hay purchases) average price for the five largest milk producing States (based on the pounds of milk produced
during the previous month).
For April 2022, includes California, Idaho, New York, Texas, and Wisconsin. For March 2023, includes California, Idaho, New York, Texas, and
Wisconsin. For April 2023, includes California, Idaho, New York, Texas, and Wisconsin.
16
Agricultural Prices (May 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization – States and United States: April 2022
Equivalent returns
Commodity,
State,
and type
FOB
packed
fresh
All
Fresh
Process
All
Fresh
Process
Grapefruit .................................................
(dollars per
box)
42.10
(dollars per
box)
19.09
(dollars per
box)
33.05
(dollars per
box)
3.03
(dollars per
box)
16.38
(dollars per
box)
30.64
(dollars per
box)
-0.02
Lemons ....................................................
38.70
18.77
28.06
(D)
12.35
21.14
(D)
Oranges ...................................................
39.70
17.95
29.11
10.77
14.87
26.14
7.62
Packinghouse door
On-tree
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization – States and United States: March 2023
Equivalent returns
Commodity,
State,
and type
FOB
packed
fresh
All
Fresh
Process
All
Fresh
Process
Grapefruit .................................................
(dollars per
box)
43.10
(dollars per
box)
19.35
(dollars per
box)
32.73
(dollars per
box)
4.55
(dollars per
box)
17.14
(dollars per
box)
30.56
(dollars per
box)
2.31
Lemons ....................................................
39.60
21.17
28.96
(D)
14.65
22.04
(D)
Oranges ...................................................
31.20
14.56
20.59
9.01
11.46
17.65
5.77
Packinghouse door
On-tree
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization – States and United States: April 2023
Commodity,
State,
and type
Equivalent returns
FOB
packed
fresh
All
Fresh
Process
All
Fresh
Process
(dollars per
box)
(dollars per
box)
(dollars per
box)
(dollars per
box)
(dollars per
box)
(dollars per
box)
(dollars per
box)
Packinghouse door
On-tree
Grapefruit .................................................
(D)
18.81
(D)
(D)
15.97
(D)
(D)
Lemons ....................................................
42.10
18.20
31.46
(D)
11.91
24.54
(D)
Oranges ...................................................
32.60
15.79
23.24
9.29
12.88
20.64
6.10
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
Agricultural Prices (May 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
17
Prices Received for All Milk – States and United States: April 2023 with Comparisons
[Before deduction for hauling. Includes quality, quantity, and other premiums. Excludes hauling subsidies]
April 2022
State
March 2023
April 2023
Price
Fat test
Price
Fat test
Price
Fat test
(dollars per cwt)
(percent)
(dollars per cwt)
(percent)
(dollars per cwt)
(percent)
Arizona ..................................
California ...............................
Colorado ................................
Florida ....................................
Georgia ..................................
Idaho ......................................
Illinois .....................................
Indiana ...................................
Iowa .......................................
Kansas ..................................
26.30
26.30
27.10
29.70
29.20
27.70
27.10
26.90
27.10
25.80
3.75
4.05
3.87
3.65
3.75
4.15
4.08
4.04
4.20
4.17
20.00
21.20
21.40
24.40
24.00
21.70
20.90
21.70
20.20
19.50
3.78
4.17
3.98
3.78
3.83
4.30
4.18
4.10
4.36
4.26
19.70
20.70
21.00
24.10
23.40
20.70
20.80
21.40
19.30
19.20
3.74
4.05
3.90
3.77
3.81
4.24
4.12
4.04
4.35
4.15
Michigan ................................
Minnesota ..............................
New Mexico ...........................
New York ...............................
Ohio .......................................
Oregon ..................................
Pennsylvania .........................
South Dakota ........................
Texas .....................................
Utah .......................................
26.40
27.90
24.80
27.10
26.40
28.70
27.50
29.00
27.30
27.30
4.00
4.33
3.85
4.05
4.00
4.28
4.01
4.61
4.27
4.03
20.60
21.20
18.50
21.80
21.90
24.40
21.70
22.00
20.80
21.00
4.11
4.52
3.96
4.18
4.07
4.37
4.14
4.69
4.26
4.09
20.40
20.60
18.40
21.10
21.70
23.70
21.10
21.70
20.70
20.50
4.06
4.48
3.86
4.12
4.01
4.20
4.07
4.63
4.17
4.02
Vermont .................................
Virginia ..................................
Washington ...........................
Wisconsin ..............................
27.70
28.30
28.20
27.10
4.07
3.92
4.19
4.08
22.20
24.00
21.60
20.50
4.23
4.01
4.26
4.17
21.70
23.40
21.30
20.40
4.17
3.92
4.21
4.14
United States ........................
27.00
4.08
21.10
4.19
20.70
4.12
Prices Received for Milk Cows – States and United States: April 2023 with Comparisons
[Animals sold for dairy herd replacement only. Quarterly United States milk cow prices are based on revised milk cow inventory]
State
April 2022
January 2023
April 2023
(dollars per head)
(dollars per head)
(dollars per head)
Arizona ...............................................
California ............................................
Colorado .............................................
Florida .................................................
Georgia ...............................................
Idaho ...................................................
Illinois ..................................................
Indiana ................................................
Iowa ....................................................
Kansas ...............................................
1,700
1,440
1,600
1,580
1,450
1,500
1,510
1,640
1,630
1,550
1,850
1,820
1,700
1,750
1,550
1,600
1,640
1,860
1,670
1,700
1,800
1,655
1,700
1,980
1,640
1,700
1,670
1,900
1,700
1,650
Michigan .............................................
Minnesota ...........................................
New Mexico ........................................
New York ............................................
Ohio ....................................................
Oregon ...............................................
Pennsylvania ......................................
South Dakota .....................................
Texas ..................................................
Utah ....................................................
1,680
1,560
1,500
1,600
1,500
1,550
1,700
1,450
1,550
1,350
1,800
1,560
1,750
1,720
1,550
1,500
1,800
1,700
1,550
1,450
1,860
1,630
1,800
1,760
1,650
1,550
1,770
1,700
1,650
1,500
Vermont ..............................................
Virginia ...............................................
Washington ........................................
Wisconsin ...........................................
1,700
1,450
1,500
1,710
1,760
1,700
1,500
1,810
1,800
1,720
1,600
1,840
United States .....................................
1,570
1,720
1,720
18
Agricultural Prices (May 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Commodity Parity Prices and Price as Percent of Parity Price – United States: April 2023
with Comparisons
[Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III, Subtitle a, Section 301 (a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the
Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, and 1956. See February Agricultural Prices for details on adjusted base price and parity price computations. Parity
data not available for blank cells. Primary source of data for livestock and milk prices is United States Department of Agriculture's Agricultural
Marketing Service]
Price as percent
Parity price
Adjusted
of parity
Commodity and unit
base
April
March
April
April
March
April
price
2022
2023
2023
2022
2023
2023
(dollars)
Basic commodities
All wheat .......................................... bushel
Rice ....................................................... cwt
Corn ................................................. bushel
Cotton
Upland ......................................... pound
American Pima ............................ pound
Peanuts ............................................ pound
Small chickpeas 1 ................................. cwt
Large chickpeas 1 ................................. cwt
Lentils 1 ................................................. cwt
(dollars)
(dollars)
(dollars)
(percent)
(percent)
(percent)
0.544
1.29
0.407
19.20
46.10
14.70
20.60
48.80
15.40
20.60
48.70
15.40
53
35
48
40
38
43
40
39
44
0.066
0.133
0.021
2.26
2.76
2.33
2.38
4.54
0.792
80.60
102.00
79.60
2.49
5.03
0.794
85.40
104.00
88.10
2.49
5.02
0.793
85.40
104.00
88.00
42
26
31
32
37
51
32
49
34
34
33
41
31
49
34
37
37
37
Designated non-basic
All milk, to plants 2 ................................ cwt
Honey, extracted 3 ........................... pound
1.80
0.198
63.00
7.13
68.00
7.48
68.00
7.48
42
37
31
40
30
40
Wool and mohair
Wool ................................................. pound
Mohair .............................................. pound
0.147
0.485
5.33
16.80
5.56
18.30
5.55
18.30
32
33
28
35
28
35
Other non-basic
Apples, fresh 4 ................................. pound
Barley ............................................... bushel
Canola ................................................... cwt
Cottonseed ............................................ ton
Dry edible beans .................................. cwt
Flaxseed .......................................... bushel
Oats .................................................. bushel
Potatoes, fresh ..................................... cwt
Sorghum grain ...................................... cwt
Soybeans ......................................... bushel
Sunflower, all ........................................ cwt
0.045
0.489
1.82
18.80
3.09
1.19
0.301
1.07
0.718
1.01
2.06
1.510
17.50
64.40
695.00
111.00
40.00
10.40
39.20
25.80
36.70
72.70
1.700
18.50
68.80
711.00
117.00
45.00
11.40
40.40
27.10
38.20
77.90
1.700
18.50
68.80
710.00
117.00
45.00
11.40
40.40
27.10
38.20
77.80
49
34
64
37
45
76
62
38
51
43
51
52
40
45
47
35
33
37
54
43
39
35
49
39
39
47
34
27
36
56
44
39
35
Citrus (equivalent on-tree)
Grapefruit .............................................. box
Lemons ................................................. box
Oranges ................................................ box
1.02
2.09
1.080
33.70
73.10
38.50
38.60
79.00
40.80
38.50
79.00
40.80
49
17
39
44
19
28
41
15
32
Livestock and poultry
Beef cattle ............................................. cwt
Broilers ............................................. pound
Calves ................................................... cwt
Eggs 2 ................................................dozen
Hogs ...................................................... cwt
Turkeys, live .................................... pound
11.80
0.052
17.30
0.111
5.50
0.069
421.00
1.80
623.00
3.56
197.00
2.380
446.00
1.97
654.00
4.20
208.00
2.610
446.00
1.96
654.00
4.19
208.00
2.610
33
58
30
67
39
40
37
39
35
58
30
45
38
43
37
39
27
44
1
2
3
4
Parity prices began January 2015.
Seasonally adjusted price as percentage of parity price.
Wholesale extracted. Adjusted base price derived from state annual averages prices weighted by production. For 1982 through 1985 the national
averages are the support prices.
Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for California, New York, Oregon, and Washington. Price at point of first sale for other states.
Agricultural Prices (May 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
19
Commodity Parity Prices – United States: April 2023 with Comparisons
[Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III, Subtitle a, Section 301 (a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the
Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, and 1956. See February Agricultural Prices for details on adjusted base price and parity price computations]
Commodity and unit
Parity price
Adjusted
base
price
April
2022
March
2023
April
2023
(dollars)
(dollars)
(dollars)
(dollars)
Field crops and miscellaneous
Hops ..................................................................................pound
Mustard seed ........................................................................ cwt
Rapeseed .............................................................................. cwt
Rye ................................................................................... bushel
Safflower ............................................................................... cwt
Spearmint oil .....................................................................pound
Sweet potatoes ..................................................................... cwt
0.481
2.94
2.37
0.598
2.17
1.65
2.06
16.50
109.00
90.00
22.40
79.20
61.60
73.80
18.20
111.00
89.60
22.60
82.00
62.40
77.90
18.20
111.00
89.50
22.60
82.00
62.30
77.80
Tobacco
Flue-cured, 11-14 .........................................................pound
Fire-cured, 21-23 ..........................................................pound
Burley, 31 ......................................................................pound
Maryland, 32 .................................................................pound
Dark air-cured, 35-37 ...................................................pound
Pennsylvania seedleaf, 41 ...........................................pound
0.185
0.251
0.184
0.177
0.224
0.235
6.70
9.18
6.70
6.30
8.17
8.06
6.99
9.49
6.96
6.69
8.47
8.88
6.99
9.48
6.95
6.69
8.46
8.88
20.70
124.00
188.00
742.00
4,500.00
6,660.00
782.00
4,690.00
7,110.00
782.00
4,680.00
7,100.00
207.00
0.032
3.20
238.00
7,700.00
1.080
120.00
7,920.00
7,820.00
1.210
121.00
9,000.00
7,820.00
1.210
121.00
8,990.00
81.00
141.00
87.90
109.00
2,860.00
4,610.00
3,030.00
4,030.00
3,060.00
5,330.00
3,320.00
4,120.00
3,060.00
5,330.00
3,320.00
4,120.00
Non-citrus fruit
Apples, processing 1 2 ........................................................... ton
Apricots, fresh 3 ..................................................................... ton
Avocados 2 3 ........................................................................... ton
Cherries
Sweet ................................................................................. ton
Tart 2 ..............................................................................pound
Cranberry 2 4 ..................................................................... barrel
Dates (California) 3 ................................................................ ton
Grapes (California)
Wine, processing ............................................................... ton
Kiwifruit 2 ................................................................................ ton
Nectarines, fresh (California) 3 .............................................. ton
Olives, canning (California) 4 ................................................ ton
See footnote(s) at end of table.
20
--continued
Agricultural Prices (May 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Commodity Parity Prices – United States: April 2023 with Comparisons (continued)
[Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III, Subtitle a, Section 301 (a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the
Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, and 1956. See February Agricultural Prices for details on adjusted base price and parity price computations]
Commodity and unit
Non-citrus fruit - continued
Papayas (Hawaii) .............................................................pound
Peaches, fresh 4 5 .................................................................. ton
Pears, fresh 5 ......................................................................... ton
Plums (California) equivalent on-tree
Fresh 6 ............................................................................... ton
Strawberries
Fresh 7 ..........................................................................pound
Processing ....................................................................pound
Parity price
Adjusted
base
price
April
2022
March
2023
April
2023
(dollars)
(dollars)
(dollars)
(dollars)
0.045
113.00
61.50
1.51
4,000.00
2,220.00
1.70
4,270.00
2,320.00
1.70
4,270.00
2,320.00
90.80
3,080.00
3,430.00
3,430.00
10.40
4.12
367.00
142.00
393.00
156.00
393.00
156.00
Sugar crops
Sugar beets 2 8 .................................................................. ton
Sugarcane 2 8 .................................................................... ton
3.97
3.18
164.00
123.00
150.00
120.00
150.00
120.00
Tree nuts 9
Almonds ............................................................................pound
Hazelnuts ............................................................................... ton
Pistachios .........................................................................pound
Walnuts .................................................................................. ton
0.247
223.00
0.253
206.00
9.14
8,280.00
9.11
8,100.00
9.34
8,430.00
9.56
7,790.00
9.33
8,420.00
9.56
7,780.00
Vegetables, fresh 7
Carrots 10 ............................................................................... cwt
Cauliflower 10 ........................................................................ cwt
Celery 10 ................................................................................ cwt
Honeydew melons ................................................................ cwt
Lettuce .................................................................................. cwt
Onions 10 ............................................................................... cwt
Tomatoes .............................................................................. cwt
2.64
4.21
2.13
2.10
2.64
1.45
4.07
97.60
157.00
76.70
75.20
95.80
50.80
147.00
99.80
159.00
80.50
79.40
99.80
54.80
154.00
99.70
159.00
80.50
79.30
99.70
54.80
154.00
1
Equivalent returns at processing plant door.
Adjusted base price is carried forward from the previous year since current marketing year average price is not yet available.
3
Equivalent returns at packinghouse door.
4
Equivalent returns for bulk fruit at first delivery point.
5
Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for California, New York (apples only), Oregon (except Peaches), and Washington. Price at point of first sale
for other states.
6
Based on "as sold" prices for fresh fruit in all states.
7
FOB shipping point price.
8
Relates to prices including average conditional payments per ton made under the sugar acts of 1937 and 1948. C rop deficiency and abandonment
payments not included.
9
Prices In-Shell basis except almonds which are shelled basis.
10
Includes some processing.
2
Agricultural Prices (May 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
21
Marketing Year for Specified Commodities
Tobacco, Dark Air-cured: December 1 to February 28 for the United States and all States
Tobacco, Flue-cured: July 1 to November 30 for the United States and all States
Tobacco, Fire-cured: December 1 to March 31 for the United States; January 1 to March 31 for Kentucky and
Tennessee; December 1 to January 31 for Virginia
Tobacco, Light Air-cured: November 1 to May 31 for the United States; November 1 to February 28 for Kentucky,
North Carolina, Tennessee, and Virginia; March 1 to May 31 for Pennsylvania
Tobacco Market Year Average Prices Received – States and United States: Marketing Years 2020-2022
State
2020
2021
2022
(Dollars per Pound)
(Dollars per Pound)
(Dollars per Pound)
Georgia .....................................................................................
Kentucky ...................................................................................
North Carolina ..........................................................................
Pennsylvania ............................................................................
South Carolina .........................................................................
Tennessee ...............................................................................
Virginia .....................................................................................
2.030
2.205
1.970
2.431
1.910
2.600
2.034
1.970
2.309
2.000
2.735
2.020
2.627
2.121
2.070
2.478
2.100
3.570
2.030
2.711
2.333
United States ...........................................................................
2.105
2.147
2.284
22
Agricultural Prices (May 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Tobacco Market Year Average Prices Received by Class and Type – States and United States:
Marketing Years 2020-2022
Class and Type
2020
2021
2022
(Dollars per Pound)
(Dollars per Pound)
(Dollars per Pound)
Class 1, Flue-cured (11-14)
Georgia ................................................................................
North Carolina .....................................................................
South Carolina .....................................................................
Virginia .................................................................................
2.030
1.970
1.910
2.030
1.970
2.000
2.020
2.120
2.070
2.100
2.030
2.330
United States .......................................................................
1.980
2.013
2.118
Class 2, Fire-cured (21-23)
Kentucky ..............................................................................
Tennessee ...........................................................................
Virginia .................................................................................
2.740
2.780
2.530
2.760
2.820
2.480
2.850
2.900
2.880
United States .......................................................................
2.755
2.781
2.870
Class 3A, Light air-cured
Type 31, Burley
Kentucky ..........................................................................
North Carolina .................................................................
Pennsylvania ...................................................................
Tennessee .......................................................................
Virginia .............................................................................
2.000
2.050
2.060
1.990
1.920
2.060
2.010
2.220
2.040
2.010
2.210
2.240
2.250
2.170
2.160
United States ...................................................................
2.004
2.073
2.209
Type 32, Southern Maryland Belt
Pennsylvania ...................................................................
1.960
2.180
2.290
United States ...................................................................
1.960
2.180
2.290
Total light air-cured (31-32) ....................................................
2.004
2.074
2.209
Class 3B, Dark air-cured (35-37)
Kentucky ..............................................................................
Tennessee ...........................................................................
2.420
2.530
2.520
2.450
2.610
2.550
United States .......................................................................
2.461
2.496
2.587
Class 4, Cigar filler
Type 41, Pennsylvania Seedleaf
Pennsylvania ...................................................................
2.980
3.380
4.050
United States ...................................................................
2.980
3.380
4.050
All tobacco
United States .......................................................................
2.105
2.147
2.284
Agricultural Prices (May 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
23
Reliability of Prices Received Estimates
Definition: Prices received represent sales from producers to first buyers. They include all grades and qualities. The
average commodity price from the survey multiplied by the total quantity marketed theoretically should give the total cash
receipts for the commodity.
Survey procedures: Primary sales data used to determine grain prices were obtained from probability samples of about
1,900 mills and elevators. These procedures ensure that virtually all grain moving into commercial channels has a chance
of being included in the survey. Generally, States surveyed account for 90 percent or more of total United States
production. Livestock prices are obtained from packers, stockyards, auctions, dealers, and market check data from
AMS-USDA, private marketing organizations, and state commodity groups and agencies. Inter-farm sales of grain and
livestock are not included since they represent very small percentages of the total sales. Grain marketed for seed is also
excluded. Fruit and vegetable prices are obtained from sample surveys and market check data from AMS-USDA, private
marketing organizations, state agencies, and universities.
Summary and estimation procedures: Survey quantities sold are expanded by strata to state levels and used to weight
average strata prices to a state average. State prices are then weighted to a United States price based on expanded sales.
Recommendations are prepared by the Regional Field Offices and reviewed by the Agricultural Statistics Board in
Washington, D.C. State recommendations are reviewed for reasonableness with survey data, other States, and recent
historic estimates.
Revisions: In general, revisions are made during annual commodity market year estimation time, following five-year
Census revisions, or when later information is received. Revisions are published in monthly issues of Agricultural Prices.
Reliability: United States price estimates based on probability surveys generally have a sampling error of less than one
percent for the major commodities such as corn, wheat, soybeans, cotton, and rice. Current methods of summarization for
non-probability commodities are not designed directly to calculate sampling errors. However, analytical measures
approximate the United States relative sampling errors at around five percent. Any non-sampling errors are attributed to
such things as the inability to obtain correct information, differences in interpreting questions or definitions, mistakes in
coding or processing the data, etc. Efforts are made at each step in the survey process to minimize these non-sampling
errors.
Program Changes: See Price Program Links at the end of this report for details on program changes to the Prices Program
methodology.
24
Agricultural Prices (May 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
April Prices Paid by Farmers
The April Prices Paid Index for Commodities and Services, Interest, Taxes, and Farm Wage Rates (PPITW), at 139.7, is
down 0.2 percent from March 2023 but up 1.5 percent from April 2022.
Production: The April index, at 138.2, is down 0.1 percent from March but up 0.2 percent from last year. Lower prices in
April for feeder pigs, wage rates, nitrogen, and complete feeds more than offset higher prices for feeder cattle,
hay & forages, gasoline, and LP gas.
Feed: At 139.3, the April index decreased 0.4 percent from March and 0.1 percent from last April. Since March,
lower prices for complete feeds, concentrates, and supplements more than offset higher prices for hay & forages
and feed grains.
Livestock and poultry: The April index, at 145.7, increased 2.4 percent from March and 19 percent from last
year. Since March, higher prices for feeder cattle more than offset lower prices for feeder pigs. The April feeder
cattle price, at $211.00 per cwt, is up $12.00 per cwt from the March price. The April feeder pigs price, at
$154.00 per cwt, is down $59.00 per cwt from March.
Fertilizer: The index for April, at 122.2, is down 3.8 percent from March and 23 percent from April a year ago.
Since March, lower prices for nitrogen and mixed fertilizer more than offset higher prices for potash & phosphate.
Chemicals: The April index, at 149.9, is down 0.5 percent from March and 12 percent from last April.
Fuels: At 92.6, the April index is down 0.3 percent from March and 22 percent from April 2022. Compared with
March, prices are lower for diesel but higher for gasoline and LP gas.
Machinery: The index for April, at 157.1, was unchanged from March but 4.5 percent above last April.
Compared with last month, prices are higher for other machinery but lower for self-propelled machinery. Tractor
prices are unchanged from April.
Consumer Price Index: The April 2023 Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U), as issued by the
Bureau of Labor Statistics, increased 4.9 percent over the last 12 months to an index level of 303.363 (1982-1984=100).
For the month, the index increased 0.5 percent prior to seasonal adjustment.
Agricultural Prices (May 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
25
Prices Paid Indexes and Related Parity Ratios – United States: April 2023 with Comparisons
[Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov]
Index Group
and
Ratios
1910-1914 Base
2011 Base
April
2022
March
2023
April
2023
April
2022
March
2023
April
2023
(percent)
(percent)
(percent)
(percent)
(percent)
(percent)
Prices paid by farmers for
commodities, services,
interest, taxes, and wage
rates (PPITW) ............................................
Production ..............................................
Feed ...................................................
Livestock and poultry ........................
Seeds .................................................
Fertilizer .............................................
Chemicals ..........................................
Fuels ..................................................
Supplies and repairs .........................
3723
2870
1534
2416
4329
1904
1526
3319
1637
3787
2880
1539
2808
4329
1530
1352
2597
1690
3778
2876
1533
2876
4329
1473
1345
2588
1692
137.6
137.9
139.4
122.4
131.7
158.0
170.1
118.7
138.8
140.0
138.4
139.9
142.3
131.7
127.0
150.7
92.9
143.2
139.7
138.2
139.3
145.7
131.7
122.2
149.9
92.6
143.4
Autos and trucks ................................
Machinery ..........................................
Building materials ..............................
Services and rent ..............................
Services .............................................
Rent ....................................................
3765
9180
3814
3027
(NA)
(NA)
3962
9598
3847
3145
(NA)
(NA)
3974
9599
3846
3143
(NA)
(NA)
122.4
150.3
163.9
(NA)
133.7
124.0
128.9
157.1
165.3
(NA)
139.9
127.0
129.2
157.1
165.3
(NA)
139.8
129.0
Interest 1 .................................................
Taxes 2 ...................................................
Wage rates .............................................
Family living-CPI 3 .................................
4693
8197
11023
2748
5205
8532
11875
2869
5205
8532
11574
2883
128.6
138.1
153.9
128.6
142.7
143.8
165.8
134.2
142.7
143.8
161.6
134.9
Production, interest, taxes,
and wage rates (PITW) .........................
3924
3974
3961
139.2
140.9
140.5
Ratio (received/paid) .................................
Parity ratio 4 ................................................
Parity ratio adjusted 5 ................................
PPITW adjusted for
productivity 6 ..........................................
(NA)
37
38
(NA)
35
36
(NA)
36
37
97
(NA)
(NA)
91
(NA)
(NA)
94
(NA)
(NA)
2024
2032
2012
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
Crop sector (PPITW) .................................
Livestock sector (PPITW) ..........................
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
140.0
135.1
139.4
140.7
138.5
145.7
Farm sector (production) ...........................
Non-farm sector (production) ....................
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
132.3
141.6
139.3
137.8
140.1
137.0
(NA) Not available.
1
Interest per acre on farm real estate debt and interest rate on farm non-real estate debt.
2
Farm real estate taxes payable per acre.
3
Bureau of Labor Statistics, Consumer Price Index for all urban consumers (CPI-U), converted by the USDA.
4
Ratio of index of prices received to PPITW (1910-1914=100).
5
Based on estimated cash receipts, from marketings and government payments, the preliminary adjustment factor is updated annua lly.
6
PPITW is adjusted based on productivity trend for the prior 15 years.
26
Agricultural Prices (May 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Prices Paid Indexes and Annual Weights for Input Components and Sub-components – United States:
April 2023 with Comparisons
[Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov. Relative weights are a five year moving average]
Relative weights
Indexes (2011=100)
Index Group
April
March
April
2022
2023 1
2022
2023
2023
(percent)
(percent)
(percent)
(percent)
(percent)
Production items .......................................................
72.5
74.105
137.9
138.4
138.2
Feed ......................................................................
Feed grains ......................................................
Complete feeds ................................................
Hay and forages ...............................................
Concentrates ....................................................
Supplements ....................................................
Livestock and poultry ...........................................
Feeder cattle ....................................................
Feeder pigs ......................................................
Milk cow replacements ....................................
Poultry ...............................................................
13.6
1.9
6.7
1.7
2.2
1.1
9.6
7.5
0.8
0.8
0.6
14.697
2.102
7.202
1.837
2.322
1.235
9.752
7.597
0.780
0.790
0.585
139.4
119.9
143.2
139.1
142.0
146.5
122.4
116.7
191.4
110.6
121.2
139.9
112.2
141.1
148.7
146.8
153.7
142.3
145.1
152.1
121.1
121.2
139.3
112.7
139.5
154.5
143.8
152.1
145.7
153.8
110.0
121.1
121.2
Seeds ....................................................................
Field crops ........................................................
Grasses and legumes ......................................
Fertilizer ................................................................
Mixed fertilizer ..................................................
Nitrogen ............................................................
Potash and phosphate .....................................
Chemicals .............................................................
Herbicides .........................................................
Insecticides .......................................................
Fungicides and other .......................................
5.1
4.6
0.5
5.5
2.4
2.3
0.8
3.6
2.3
0.8
0.5
4.901
4.440
0.461
6.668
2.934
2.801
0.934
3.637
2.291
0.837
0.509
131.7
128.7
159.7
158.0
126.0
190.4
161.1
170.1
193.8
131.3
127.0
131.7
128.7
159.7
127.0
133.8
121.0
123.5
150.7
171.7
116.4
112.6
131.7
128.7
159.7
122.2
131.7
111.6
124.4
149.9
170.8
115.7
112.0
Fuels .....................................................................
Diesel ................................................................
Gasoline ............................................................
LP gas ...............................................................
Supplies and repairs ............................................
Supplies ............................................................
Repairs .............................................................
Autos and trucks ...................................................
Autos .................................................................
Trucks ...............................................................
2.7
1.7
0.6
0.5
4.5
1.5
3.0
1.2
0.2
1.0
3.042
1.893
0.637
0.511
4.392
1.471
2.920
1.140
0.148
0.992
118.7
115.6
108.2
143.1
138.8
142.4
136.9
122.4
116.8
123.3
92.9
95.1
90.8
87.3
143.2
144.1
142.8
128.9
122.7
129.8
92.6
92.6
95.3
89.1
143.4
144.1
143.0
129.2
123.0
130.2
Machinery .............................................................
Tractors .............................................................
Self-propelled ...................................................
Other machinery ...............................................
Building materials .................................................
Services ................................................................
Custom rates ....................................................
Other services ..................................................
Rent .......................................................................
Cash ..................................................................
Share ................................................................
4.3
0.9
1.7
1.6
3.6
11.7
1.2
10.5
7.0
3.8
3.2
4.827
1.062
1.931
1.834
3.648
10.954
1.128
9.826
6.448
3.463
2.986
150.3
130.8
142.2
170.1
163.9
133.7
126.0
134.6
124.0
126.1
121.5
157.1
134.4
159.6
167.7
165.3
139.9
126.0
141.5
127.0
129.0
124.7
157.1
134.4
159.2
168.1
165.3
139.8
126.0
141.3
127.0
129.0
124.7
Interest ......................................................................
Taxes ........................................................................
Wage rates ...............................................................
Family living-CPI ......................................................
2.2
3.2
7.8
14.3
2.095
3.159
7.114
13.526
128.6
138.1
153.9
128.6
142.7
143.8
165.8
134.2
142.7
143.8
161.6
134.9
1
Starting 2023, relative weights published to three decimals.
Agricultural Prices (May 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
27
Feed Price Ratios – United States: April 2023 with Comparisons
Feed price ratio 1
April 2022
March 2023
April 2023
Broiler-feed: pounds of broiler grower feed equal
in value to 1 pound of broiler, live weight 2 ..............................................................
5.6
4.4
4.9
Market egg feed: pounds of laying feed equal in
value to 1 dozen eggs 3 .............................................................................................
13.8
17.7
8.2
Hog-corn: bushels of corn equal in value to
100 pounds of hog, live weight .................................................................................
10.8
9.3
8.5
Milk-feed: pounds of 16% mixed dairy feed equal
in value to 1 pound of whole milk 4 ...........................................................................
1.95
1.56
1.48
Steer & heifer-corn: bushels of corn equal
in value to 100 pounds of steer & heifers,
live weight ..............................................................................................................
20.1
25.0
26.1
Turkey-feed: pounds of turkey grower equal in
value to 1 pound of turkey, live weight 5 ...................................................................
5.4
7.4
7.3
1
2
3
4
5
Effective January 1995, prices of commercial prepared feeds are based on current United States prices received for corn, soybeans, alfalfa hay, and
all wheat.
The price of commercial prepared broiler feed is based on current United States prices received for corn and soybeans. The modeled feed uses 58
percent corn and 42 percent soybeans.
The price of commercial prepared layer feed is based on current United States prices received for corn and soybeans. The mode led feed uses 75
percent corn and 25 percent soybeans.
The price of commercial prepared dairy feed is based on current United States prices received for corn, soybeans, and alfalfa . The modeled feed
uses 51 percent corn, 8 percent soybeans, and 41 percent alfalfa.
The price of commercial prepared turkey feed is based on current United States prices received for corn, soybeans, and wheat. The modeled feed
uses 51 percent corn, 28 percent soybeans, and 21 percent wheat.
Prices Received Used to Calculate Feed Price Ratios – United States:
April 2023 with Comparisons
[Price data source for livestock and poultry commodities is United States Department of Agriculture's Agriculture Marketing Service]
Item
April 2022
March 2023
(dollars)
April 2023
(dollars)
(dollars)
Broilers, live ...............................................................................pound
Eggs, market ............................................................................. dozen
1.037
2.21
0.770
2.68
0.846
1.25
Hogs, all .........................................................................................cwt
Milk, all ............................................................................................cwt
76.20
27.00
61.70
21.10
57.00
20.70
Steers and heifers ..........................................................................cwt
Turkeys, live ..............................................................................pound
142.00
0.945
167.00
1.180
175.00
1.160
Corn .......................................................................................... bushel
Hay, alfalfa ..................................................................................... ton
7.07
257.00
6.67
267.00
6.70
287.00
Soybeans ................................................................................. bushel
Wheat, all ................................................................................. bushel
15.80
10.20
14.90
8.34
14.90
8.31
Prices Paid for Feeder Livestock – United States: April 2023 with Comparisons
[Price data source is United States Department of Agriculture's Agriculture Marketing Service]
Item
April 2022
(dollars)
Feeder cattle & calves ...................................................................cwt
Feeder pigs ....................................................................................cwt
28
160.00
268.00
March 2023
April 2023
(dollars)
(dollars)
199.00
213.00
211.00
154.00
Agricultural Prices (May 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Feed Ratios Monthly and Annual Average – United States: 2018-2023
[Annual average is a simple average of monthly ratios, January through December]
Year
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
Year
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
Year
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
Year
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
Year
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
Year
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
1
2
3
4
5
6
Broiler 1
January
5.3
5.8
4.9
3.5
5.3
4.1
February
5.1
5.1
4.2
3.1
4.5
4.0
March
April
5.7
5.3
4.4
3.0
5.0
4.4
6.1
5.8
2.4
3.6
5.6
4.9
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
6.7
6.1
3.8
3.6
5.7
7.0
5.4
4.0
3.7
5.5
6.7
4.8
3.7
3.7
5.2
5.2
4.3
3.3
3.6
4.3
4.8
4.0
2.9
4.2
4.3
4.8
4.1
3.0
4.3
4.4
5.2
4.1
3.5
4.3
4.4
5.3
4.5
3.7
5.1
4.3
Average
5.7
4.9
3.7
3.8
4.9
4.4
Market Egg 2
January
11.6
9.3
5.6
6.6
9.8
19.6
February
12.8
7.9
7.4
6.3
8.5
16.0
March
22.1
7.0
18.7
7.5
9.2
17.7
April
11.2
4.3
10.1
4.4
13.8
8.2
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
6.8
2.4
6.3
3.7
11.4
9.3
4.4
5.5
3.6
11.4
10.5
2.4
6.0
4.1
16.1
11.0
6.5
6.3
5.8
11.2
8.6
5.2
6.6
6.2
17.0
8.5
4.9
8.5
5.4
19.7
11.7
10.8
7.7
7.0
23.6
11.7
8.3
4.7
9.3
32.2
Average
11.3
6.1
7.8
5.8
15.3
15.4
Turkey 3
January
5.7
5.6
6.7
6.5
6.1
7.5
February
5.5
5.8
7.0
5.9
5.7
7.2
March
April
5.2
5.9
7.4
5.8
5.5
7.4
5.2
6.3
7.9
5.7
5.4
7.3
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
5.1
6.1
8.3
5.5
5.5
5.3
6.1
8.5
5.8
5.9
5.7
6.2
8.7
5.8
6.5
5.8
6.6
8.7
6.0
6.6
5.9
7.0
8.6
7.2
7.4
5.7
7.0
8.2
7.3
8.2
6.0
7.5
7.3
6.3
8.1
5.5
6.9
6.9
6.1
7.7
Average
5.5
6.4
7.9
6.2
6.6
7.4
Milk 4
January
2.20
2.06
2.42
2.00
2.13
1.73
February
2.03
2.07
2.35
1.80
2.04
1.58
March
1.98
2.13
2.25
1.76
2.02
1.56
April
1.90
2.11
1.85
1.75
1.95
1.48
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
1.90
2.12
1.77
1.65
1.98
1.97
2.09
2.37
1.56
1.92
1.93
2.16
2.70
1.52
1.78
2.06
2.26
2.52
1.48
1.69
2.13
2.34
2.30
1.66
1.72
2.22
2.42
2.51
1.84
1.90
2.21
2.65
2.60
1.92
1.92
2.07
2.57
2.19
1.96
1.82
Average
2.05
2.25
2.32
1.74
1.91
1.59
Hog-Corn 5
January
16.0
12.5
12.6
11.8
10.5
8.8
February
16.2
12.1
12.0
11.9
11.3
8.8
March
14.2
12.9
13.0
13.7
11.4
9.3
April
12.7
16.8
12.9
14.2
10.8
8.5
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
14.0
17.2
15.9
13.4
10.5
16.5
14.9
13.1
13.8
10.7
16.9
13.6
12.4
13.1
11.4
13.2
14.9
13.8
12.5
11.9
12.7
12.6
14.6
12.9
10.4
14.7
12.8
15.6
13.0
10.8
13.5
13.0
13.7
11.1
10.3
12.3
12.7
12.4
10.3
9.5
Average
14.4
13.8
13.5
12.7
10.8
8.8
Steer & Heifer-Corn 6
January
37.4
34.8
33.0
26.4
24.9
24.1
February
37.6
35.0
32.3
24.2
23.2
23.8
March
36.2
35.7
31.0
23.7
21.6
25.0
April
34.1
36.3
33.7
22.8
20.1
26.1
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
33.2
33.6
34.7
20.5
19.8
31.6
28.9
34.8
20.5
19.2
32.3
27.2
30.5
20.4
19.9
33.3
28.5
33.3
19.8
19.9
32.4
27.4
30.8
23.2
20.5
32.7
28.3
29.9
25.1
22.8
33.7
31.3
28.8
25.1
23.7
33.6
32.3
28.0
25.8
24.0
Average
34.0
31.6
31.7
23.1
21.6
24.8
The price of commercial prepared broiler feed is based on current United States prices received for corn and soybeans. The modeled feed ration
uses 58 percent corn and 42 percent soybeans.
The price of commercial prepared layer feed is based on current United States prices received for corn and soybeans. The modeled feed ration uses
75 percent corn and 25 percent soybeans.
The price of commercial prepared turkey feed is based on current United States prices received for corn, soybeans, and wheat. The modeled feed
ration uses 51 percent corn, 28 percent soybeans, and 21 percent wheat.
The price of commercial prepared dairy feed is based on current United States prices received for corn, soybeans, and alfalfa . The modeled feed
ration uses 51 percent corn, 8 percent soybeans, and 41 percent alfalfa.
Number of bushels of corn equal in value to 100 pounds of all hogs, live weight.
Number of bushels of corn equal in value to 100 pounds of steers & heifers, live weight.
Agricultural Prices (May 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
29
Reliability of Prices Paid Estimates
Definition: Prices paid by farmers represent the average costs of inputs purchased by farmers and ranchers to produce
agricultural commodities. Conceptually, the average price when multiplied by quantity purchased should equal total
producer expenditures for the item.
Survey procedures: The prices paid data are obtained from establishments that sell goods and services to farmers and
ranchers. Annually, about 8,500 firms are randomly selected from lists by type of item sold with an average response rate
in the range of 75-80 percent. Firms are asked to report the price for the specified item "most commonly bought by
farmers" or that was the "volume seller". Approximately 135 items are surveyed each March to represent all production
input items purchased. The survey reference period for all items is the full preceding calendar year. Separate prices paid
surveys are conducted for agricultural chemicals, fuels, feed, fertilizer, machinery, and seed.
Summary and estimation procedures: The annual March Prices Paid Survey is summarized as a non-probability survey.
Average prices reported are aggregated to the region and United States level using weights available from expenditure
data and other administrative sources. Price recommendations are prepared by the Regional Field Offices and
Headquarters for review by the Agricultural Statistics Board in Washington, D.C. Also, the change in price level for
individual items surveyed are combined to the regional and United States levels, and are published as pri ces paid indexes
referenced to a specific base period. Prices paid indexes for new autos and trucks, building materials, farm supplies, motor
supplies, and marketing containers are updated based on price changes measured in selected Bureau of Labor Statist ics
(BLS) indexes.
Revisions: Any revisions are published in the monthly and in annual issues of Agricultural Prices. The basis for revision
must be supported by additional data that directly affect the level of the estimate. More revisions are likely for March
when separate prices paid surveys are conducted, in lieu of BLS indexes, by the USDA to measure price change.
Reliability: Current methods of summarization for the March data are not designed directly to calculate sampling errors.
However, analytical measures approximate the United States relative sampling errors for major items around 10 percent.
Any non-sampling errors are attributed to such things as the inability to obtain correct information, differences in
interpreting questions or definitions, mistakes in coding or processing the data, etc. Efforts are made at each step in the
survey process to minimize these non-sampling errors.
Program Changes: See Price Program Links at the end of this report for details on program changes to the Prices Program
methodology.
30
Agricultural Prices (May 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Information Contacts
General
Tony Dorn, Chief, Environmental, Economics, and Demographics Branch .................................................. (202) 720-6146
Crop Prices Received
Lance Honig, Chief, Crops Branch .............................................................................................................. (202) 720-2127
Chris Hawthorn, Head, Field Crops Section ................................................................................................. (202) 720-2127
Joshua Bates – Hemp, Oats, Soybeans........................................................................................................ (202) 690-3234
Natasha Bruton – Barley ............................................................................................................................ (202) 690-1042
Michelle Harder – Hay ............................................................................................................................... (202) 690-8533
Chris Hawthorn – Corn, Flaxseed, Proso Millet ......................................................................................... (202) 720-2127
James Johanson – Rye, Wheat .................................................................................................................... (202) 720-8068
Becky Sommer – Cotton, Cotton Ginnings, Sorghum................................................................................. (202) 720-5944
Travis Thorson – Canola, Mustard Seed, Rapeseed, Safflower, Sunflower ................................................. (202) 720-7369
Lihan Wei – Peanuts, Rice ......................................................................................................................... (202) 720-7688
Fleming Gibson, Head, Fruits, Vegetables and Special Crops Section .......................................................... (202) 720-2127
Deonne Holiday – Almonds, Asparagus, Carrots, Coffee, Cranberries, Onions,
Plums, Prunes, Sweet Corn, Tobacco ..................................................................................................... (202) 720-4288
Robert Little – Apricots, Dry Beans, Lettuce, Macadamia, Maple Syrup,
Nectarines, Pears, Snap Beans, Spinach, Tomatoes ................................................................................ (202) 720-3250
Krishna Rizal – Artichokes, Cauliflower, Celery, Garlic, Grapefruit, Pistachios,
Kiwifruit, Lemons, Mandarins and Tangerines, Mint, Mushrooms, Olives, Oranges .............................. (202) 720-5412
Chris Singh – Apples, Blueberries, Cucumbers, Hazelnuts, Potatoes,
Pumpkins, Raspberries, Squash, Strawberries, Sugarbeets, Sugarcane, Sweet Potatoes .......................... (202) 720-4285
Antonio Torres – Cantaloupes, Dry Edible Peas, Green Peas, Honeydews, Lentils,
Papayas, Peaches, Sweet Cherries, Tart Cherries, Walnuts, Watermelons .............................................. (202) 720-2157
Chris Wallace – Avocados, Bell Peppers, Broccoli, Cabbage, Chickpeas,
Chile Peppers, Dates, Floriculture, Grapes, Hops, Pecans....................................................................... (202) 720-4215
Livestock Prices Received
Travis Averill, Chief, Livestock Branch ....................................................................................................... (202) 692-0069
Scott Hollis, Head, Livestock Section .......................................................................................................... (202) 690-2424
Ryan Cowen – Cattle and Cattle on Feed ................................................................................................... (202) 720-3040
Anthony Fischer – Hogs and Pigs............................................................................................................... (202) 720-3106
Mike Miller – Milk, Milk Cows ................................................................................................................. (202) 720-3278
Jean Porter, Head, Poultry and Specialty Commodities Section.................................................................... (202) 720-8068
Fatema Haque – Turkeys ............................................................................................................................ (202) 505-0041
Seth Riggins – Honey................................................................................................................................. (202) 720-3106
Autumn Stone – Eggs................................................................................................................................. (202) 690-3676
Takiyah Walker – Broilers ......................................................................................................................... (202) 720-6147
Indexes, Prices Paid, and Parity Prices
Tony Dorn, Chief, Environmental, Economics, and Demographics Branch .................................................. (202) 720-6146
Bruce Boess, Head, Economics Section ....................................................................................................... (202) 720-4447
Ralph Mondesir – Prices Received Indexes, Parity Prices, Prices Paid Indexes .......................................... (202) 720-6146
Max Reason – Prices Received Indexes, Parity Prices, Prices Paid Indexes, Prices Paid for Feed,
Fertilizer, Chemicals, Seeds, Fuels, Farm Supplies and Repairs, Farm Machinery, Feeder Livestock,
Poultry Chicks, Feed Price Ratios ............................................................................................................ (202) 720-8844
Agricultural Prices (May 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
31
Access to NASS Reports
For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways:
➢ All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: www.nass.usda.gov.
➢ Both national and state specific reports are available via a free e-mail subscription. To set-up this free
subscription, visit www.nass.usda.gov and click on “National” or “State” in upper right corner above “search”
box to create an account and select the reports you would like to receive.
➢ Cornell’s Mann Library has launched a new website housing NASS’s and other agency’s archived reports. The
new website, https://usda.library.cornell.edu. All email subscriptions containing reports will be sent from the new
website, https://usda.library.cornell.edu. To continue receiving the reports via e-mail, you will have to go to the
new website, create a new account and re-subscribe to the reports. If you need instructions to set up an account or
subscribe, they are located at: https://usda.library.cornell.edu/help. You should whitelist notifications@usdaesmis.library.cornell.edu in your email client to avoid the emails going into spam/junk folders.
For more information on NASS surveys and reports, call the NASS Agricultural Statistics Hotline at (800) 727-9540,
7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET, or e-mail: nass@usda.gov.
The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination against its customers, employees, and applicants for
employment on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, sex, gender identity, religion, reprisal, and where
applicable, political beliefs, marital status, familial or parental status, sexual orientation, or all or part of an individual's
income is derived from any public assistance program, or protected genetic information in employment or in any program
or activity conducted or funded by the Department. (Not all prohibited bases will apply to all programs and/or
employment activities.)
If you wish to file a Civil Rights program complaint of discrimination, complete the USDA Program Discrimination
Complaint Form (PDF), found online at www.ascr.usda.gov/filing-program-discrimination-complaint-usda-customer, or
at any USDA office, or call (866) 632-9992 to request the form. You may also write a letter containing all of the
information requested in the form. Send your completed complaint form or letter to us by mail at U.S. Department of
Agriculture, Director, Office of Adjudication, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410, by fax
(202) 690-7442 or email at program.intake@usda.gov.
Price Program Links
Economics and Prices
http://www.nass.usda.gov/Statistics_by_Subject/Economics_and_Prices/index.php
Agricultural Prices Program and Survey
https://www.nass.usda.gov/Surveys/Guide_to_NASS_Surveys/Prices/
| File Type | application/pdf |
| File Title | Agricultural Prices 05/31/2023 |
| Author | USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service |
| File Modified | 2023-05-31 |
| File Created | 2023-05-31 |