Attachment U - CE sample redesign PSU Memo for Census

Attachment U - CE sample redesign PSU Memo for Census.docx

Consumer Expenditure Surveys: Quarterly Interview and Diary

Attachment U - CE sample redesign PSU Memo for Census

OMB: 1220-0050

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Shape1

U .S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics

2 Massachusetts Ave. N.E.

Washington, D.C. 20212




July 21, 2023



MEMORANDUM FOR:

JENNIFER EPPS, Survey Director

ADDP/ADDP-SO/CE Survey Team

U.S. Bureau of the Census


FROM:

ADAM SAFIR, Chief

Division of Consumer Expenditure Surveys

Office of Prices and Living Conditions

U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics


SUBJECT:

PSUs for the Consumer Expenditure Survey’s 2020 Census-Based Sample Design




I. Introduction


Every ten years the Consumer Expenditure Survey (CE) updates its sample of primary sampling units (PSUs) based on the latest decennial census. The purpose is to make sure CE’s sample accurately reflects the latest geographic shifts in the American population. This memo provides a list of the 91 PSUs that were recently selected by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) for the CE survey based on the 2020 census. They are scheduled to be used over the ten-year period 2025-2034.


The list of PSUs is at the end of the memo (see Appendix 1). It shows the 91 PSUs that were selected, the counties that constitute them, and their populations. The United States has 3,144 counties (or county equivalents) which BLS and the Census Bureau partitioned into 1,492 PSUs, and from which BLS selected 91 of them for CE’s sample. The list of added and dropped PSUs also appears at the end of the memo (see Appendix 2).



II. Overview of CE’s Geographic Sample Design


CE’s overall geographic sample design remains unchanged from the 2010 census-based sample design. It still consists of the largest core-based statistical areas (CBSAs) in the country, plus a random sample of smaller CBSAs, and non-CBSA areas.1 The areas are called PSUs and combined they represent the whole country.


There are 1,492 PSUs in the country, and they are still stratified geographically by the nine Census divisions, and demographically by three population size classes – self-representing (S), non-self-representing (N), and rural (R). The “S” PSUs are the largest CBSAs in the country (those with over 2.8 million people); the “N” PSUs are smaller CBSAs (those with under 2.8 million people); and the “R” PSUs are non-CBSA areas. The “R” PSUs were defined by BLS staff by partitioning the counties that are not in CBSAs into clusters of contiguous counties similar in size to CBSAs.


There are 23 “S” PSUs in the sample. They are self-representing, which means they are the only PSUs in their strata, and they were selected with certainty. They consist of the 21 CBSAs with over 2.8 million people, plus Anchorage and Honolulu. The threshold for this class of PSUs was increased from 2.5 million people in the 2010 census-based sample design to 2.8 million people in the 2020 census-based sample design. That keeps the set of self-representing PSUs unchanged. Anchorage and Honolulu are treated as self-representing for publication purposes because their expenditure patterns are different than those of PSUs in the continental United States.


There are 52 “N” PSUs in the sample. They are non-self-representing, and they were randomly selected to represent the rest of the CBSAs or “urban” parts of the country. And there are 16 “R” PSUs in the sample. They are non-self-representing, and they were randomly selected to represent the non-CBSAs or “rural” parts of the country.


The PSU definitions come from the March 2020 CBSA “delineations.” Those delineations reflect concepts from the 2010 decennial census, such as how an “urban core” is defined, but with updated population estimates. They do not reflect new concepts from the 2020 decennial census, such as the new way of defining an urban core. The original plan was to use preliminary CBSA definitions from the 2020 decennial census, but those definitions were not delivered in time to use. As a result, the CE survey will be using the March 2020 CBSA definitions. Those definitions will be used for the whole ten-year period 2025-2034. They will not be changed when new definitions become available.



III. How PSUs Were Selected for the Sample


After stratifying the complete universe of 1,492 PSUs into nine divisions and three size classes, BLS selected 23 “S” PSUs, 52 “N” PSUs, and 16 “R” PSUs for the sample:




PSU Size Class


Region

Division

S

N

R

Total

1. Northeast

1. New England

1

4

1

6


2. Middle Atlantic

2

6

1

9

2. Midwest

3. East North Central

2

7

2

11


4. West North Central

2

3

3

8

3. South

5. South Atlantic

5

10

3

18


6. East South Central

0

4

2

6


7. West South Central

2

7

2

11

4. West

8. Mountain

2

4

1

7


9. Pacific

7

7

1

15


Total

23

52

16

91


As mentioned above, the 23 “S” PSUs are the largest CBSAs in the country, plus Anchorage and Honolulu. They are the CBSAs with over 2.8 million people. They are self-representing, which means no sampling process was used when deciding to include them in the sample.


By contrast, the 52 “N” PSUs are a representative sample of CBSAs with under 2.8 million people. They are non-self-representing, which means they were chosen with a sampling process. In the sampling process, the universe of CBSAs with under 2.8 million people was partitioned into 52 strata based on their Census division, their population, and four variables that research found were correlated with expenditures – income, education, computer ownership, and urbanicity. Then one PSU was selected from each stratum in a semi-random process.


To be more precise, within each division, the “N” PSUs were partitioned into two smaller size classes – those with over 200,000 people, and those with under 200,000 people – and within each of those smaller size classes, the PSUs were stratified by the four variables that research found were correlated with expenditures. The PSUs were stratified into these two size classes to make sure both large and small PSUs were selected for the sample. With stratification completed, a sample of “N” PSUs with over 200,000 people was selected in a two-step process. The first step was determining whether a stratum had a PSU that was already in the sample. If it did, then that PSU was automatically selected. Otherwise, the second step was randomly selecting a PSU from the stratum with probability proportional to its population. Then a sample of “N” PSUs with under 200,000 people was selected in a three-step process. The first step was determining whether a stratum had a PSU that was already in the sample. If it did, then that PSU was automatically selected. Otherwise, the second step was identifying the PSUs that were geographically close to an “S” PSU or a selected “N” PSU with over 200,000 people. “Geographically close” meant within 20 miles of them, and the purpose of it was to facilitate data collection. And the third step was randomly selecting one of those PSUs with probability proportional to its population. 2


The 16 “R” PSUs are a representative sample of non-CBSA or “rural” areas. They were selected in a similar three-step semi-random process. After stratifying the “R” PSUs within each Census division by the four variables that research found were correlated with expenditures, the first step was determining whether a stratum had a PSU that was already in the sample. If it did, then that PSU was automatically selected. Otherwise, the second step was identifying the PSUs that were geographically close to an “S” PSU or a selected “N” PSU. Again, “geographically close” meant within 20 miles of them. The third step was randomly selecting one of those PSUs with probability proportional to its population.



IV. Connecticut


The governor of Connecticut recently asked the Census Bureau to change the definitions of its counties, and the Census Bureau agreed to do it. Since the sample design is based on CBSA definitions from March 2020, which pre-dates the new counties, a mapping was made to link the new counties to the March 2020 CBSAs. This table shows the mapping. It includes both county names and FIPS codes:



Mapping of Connecticut’s New Counties

to the March 2020 CBSAs


CBSA

Old Definition

New Definition

Hartford, CT

Hartford, Middlesex, Tolland

(09003, 09007, 09013)

Capitol, Lower Connecticut River Valley

(09110, 09130)

New Haven, CT

New Haven

(09009)

South Central Connecticut, Naugatuck Valley

(09170, 09140)

Bridgeport, CT

Fairfield

(09001)

Greater Bridgeport, Western Connecticut

(09120, 09190)

Torrington, CT

Litchfield

(09005)

Northwest Hills

(09160)

Norwich, CT

New London

(09011)

Southeastern Connecticut

(09180)

Worcester, MA

Windham

(09015)

Northeastern Connecticut

(09150)



V. Alaska and Hawaii


Alaska has four CBSAs (Anchorage, Fairbanks, Juneau, Ketchikan), and Hawaii also has four CBSAs (Honolulu, Hilo, Kahului-Wailuku-Lahaina, Kapaa). The four CBSAs in Alaska were grouped into a single state stratum, and Anchorage was selected with certainty to represent it. Likewise, the four CBSAs in Hawaii were grouped into a single state stratum, and Honolulu was selected with certainty to represent it. These state-level strata were defined by the Consumer Price Index program, and the CE program is using them to be consistent with the CPI program.


Anchorage and Honolulu are classified as self-representing PSUs for publication purposes, but non-self-representing PSUs for the purpose of drawing their samples. That means when drawing their samples, their stratum populations should be used as their measure of size.


Alaska also has twenty-five non-CBSA (“rural” or “R”) PSUs, and Hawaii has one non-CBSA (“rural” or “R”) PSU. They were not included in the Anchorage and Honolulu strata because they are out-of-scope for the CPI program. Instead, they were stratified and treated just like any other non-CBSA PSUs in their division.



VI. Phase-In/Phase-Out Process


The phase-in/phase-out (PIPO) process will be different in this sample design than in past sample designs. In past sample designs, the old sample of PSUs was dropped at the same time the new sample of PSUs was introduced. Both were done in a single year. However, this time the PIPO process will be done over a three-year period instead of in a one-year period. A few old PSUs will be dropped, and a few new PSUs will be added each year. At the end of the three-year period, the changeover from the old sample design to the new sample design will be complete. The purpose of the longer PIPO period is to smooth out over time the costs associated with hiring and training new field staff.


As mentioned above, there were 91 PSUs in the 2010 census-based sample design, and there will still be 91 PSUs in the 2020 census-based sample design. However, 24 of those PSUs will be changing. The table below shows the number of old PSUs that will be dropped from the sample, and the number of new PSUs that will be added to the sample by PSU size class.


Number of PSUs Being Dropped from the Old Sample Design

And Added to the New Sample Design


S

N

R

Total

Number of PSUs in the 2010 census-based sample design

23

52

16

91

Number of old PSUs being dropped

0

14

10

24

Number of new PSUs being added

+0

+14

+10

+24

Number of PSUs in the 2020 census-based sample design

23

52

16

91


Here is a list of the 24 PSUs being dropped from the sample, and the 24 PSUs being added to the sample. All 24 of them will be phased-in/phased-out over the three-year period 2025-2027.


24 Old PSUs Being Dropped from the Sample,

and 24 New PSUs Being Added to the Sample

Old PSUs Being Dropped

New PSUs Being Added

N23E Columbus, OH

N11D Burlington-South Burlington, VT

N23G Dayton, OH

N11E Pittsfield, MA

N23H Flint, MI

N12G Kingston, NY

N23J Frankfort, IN

N12H Chambersburg-Waynesboro, PA

N24C Omaha-Council Bluffs, NE-IA

N23K Indianapolis-Carmel-Anderson, IN

N24F Brookings, SD

N23L Green Bay, WI

N35J Greenville-Anderson-Mauldin, SC

N23M Terre Haute, IN

N35K Winston-Salem, NC

N24H St. Cloud, MN

N35M Ocala, FL

N35R Gainesville, GA

N35O Wilmington, NC

N35S Punta Gorda, FL

N35Q Clarksburg, WV

N35T Winchester, VA-WV

N36D Huntsville, AL

N49L Sacramento-Roseville-Folsom, CA

N36F Meridian, MS

N49M Eugene-Springfield, OR

N37E Baton Rouge, LA

N49N Yuba City, CA

R12G Susquehanna-Wayne, PA

R12A Delaware-Sullivan, NY

R23K Cheboygan-Presque Isle, MI

R23A Hardin-Wyandot, OH

R24G Daviess-Gentry-Grundy-Harrison-Mercer-Worth, MO

R24A Crawford-Gasconade-Iron-Washington, MO

R24H Cedar-Knox, NE

R24B Meeker-Renville-Sibley, MN

R35S McDowell-Mingo-Wyoming, WV

R24C Johnson-Nemaha-Otoe-Pawnee-Richardson, NE

R36G Floyd-Johnson-Lawrence-Martin-Pike, KY

R35A Caroline-Essex-King George-Middlesex, VA

R36H Carroll-Decatur-Henderson, TN

R35C Lancaster-Northumberland-Richmond-Westmoreland, VA

R48G Ravalli, MT

R36A Franklin-Marion-Winston, AL

R48H Lincoln, NM

R36B Casey-Marion-Washington, KY

R48I Gooding, ID

R48A Daggett-Duchesne, UT


The exact schedule for the PIPO has been only partially determined at this point. The PSUs being phased-in/phased-out have been determined for 2025, but not for 2026-2027. The basic plan is to phase-in/phase-out 8 PSUs per year as this table shows.


CE’s 3-Year PIPO Schedule


Dropped PSUs

Added PSUs


2025

2026

2027

2025

2026

2027


N23E Columbus, OH

TBD

TBD

N11E Pittsfield, MA

TBD

TBD


N23H Flint, MI

TBD

TBD

N12H Chambersburg, PA

TBD

TBD

N” PSUs

N35M Ocala, FL

TBD


N23K Indianapolis, IN

TBD



N36D Huntsville, AL

TBD


N23L Green Bay, WI

TBD



N36F Meridian, MS

TBD


N35S Punta Gorda, FL

TBD



N37E Baton Rouge, LA

TBD


N49L Sacramento, CA

TBD



R48I Gooding, ID

TBD

TBD

R24B Meeker-Renville, MN

TBD

TBD

R” PSUs

R48G Ravalli, MT

TBD

TBD

R35A Caroline-Essex, VA

TBD

TBD




TBD



TBD




TBD



TBD




TBD



TBD




TBD



TBD



VII. SAS Dataset with PSU Information


In addition to providing the complete list of 91 selected PSUs at the end of the memo, a SAS dataset is also being provided. The file is called CECPI_PSULIST_2020DESIGN.sas7bdat. It has 3,144 records, one for every county (or county equivalent) in the United States, and it contains the following variables:


Variable name

Format

Description

State_Name

Character $2

State Name (DC, MD, VA, WV, etc.)

County_Name

Character $33

County name (Montgomery, Howard, Fairfax, Loudon, etc.)

State_FIPS

Character $2

State FIPS code (01,02,…,56)

County_FIPS

Character $3

County FIPS code (001,002,003,…)

FIPS

Character $5

State and county FIPS codes concatenated (09110, 09120, etc.)

PSU_Code

Character $8

PSU code (N12C.001, N12C.002, etc.)

PSU_Name

Character $85

PSU name (Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV)

PSU_Type

Character $5

CBSA type (Metro, Micro, Rural)

Selected

Character $1

Was the PSU selected for sample? (Y/N)

Stratum

Character $4

Stratum code (N12C, N12D, etc. These are the first four characters of PSU_Code.)

CBSA_Code

Character $5

CBSA code from the March 2020 definitions

County_Population

Numeric

Number of people in the county (2020 census)

PSU_Population

Numeric

Number of people in the PSU (2020 census)

Stratum_Population

Numeric

Number of people in the stratum (2020 census)

County_Latitude

Numeric

Population center of the county (the demographic center, not the geographic center)

County_Longitude

Numeric

Population center of the county (the demographic center, not the geographic center)

County_Area_Square_Miles

Numeric

County area in square miles (land plus water)

County_Land_Square_Miles

Numeric

County area in square miles (land)

County_Water_Square_Miles

Numeric

County area in square miles (water)


Most of the variables are self-explanatory. However, a few need some explanation. The main one is “PSU_Code.” It has eight characters. The first four characters identify the stratum; then there is a decimal point; and then there are three more characters that identify the specific PSU within the stratum. Examples include S35A.001 for Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV, and N11B.001 for Hartford-East Hartford-Middletown, CT. The characters have the following meaning:

1st character: S, N, R (self-representing, non-self-representing, “rural”)

2nd character: Region (1,2,3,4)

3rd character: Division (1,2,…,9)

4th character: Unique stratum identifier (A,B,C,…)

5th character: Decimal point to separate the stratum and PSU

6th through 8th characters: Unique PSU identifier within the stratum (001,002,003,…)


Most of the time the characters to the right of the decimal point are ignored because they are only of academic interest. That is because CE selects only one PSU per stratum, which means there is a one-to-one correspondence between the strata in the survey and the PSUs in the sample. For example, as the table below shows, Stratum=N11B has four PSUs: Hartford-East Hartford-Middletown, CT; New Haven-Milford, CT; Bridgeport-Stamford-Norwalk, CT; and , and Barnstable Town, MA. However, since Hartford-East Hartford-Middletown, CT was selected for the sample, it is the only PSU in the stratum that most people ever see, so most people refer to it as PSU=N11B instead of Stratum=N11B or PSU=N11B.001. We will use that convention ourselves for the remainder of this memo.


The 4 PSUs in Stratum=N11B

Stratum

PSU_Code

PSU_Name

Selected

N11B

N11B.001

Hartford-East Hartford-Middletown, CT

Y

N11B

N11B.002

New Haven-Milford, CT

N

N11B

N11B.003

Bridgeport-Stamford-Norwalk, CT

N

N11B

N11B.004

Barnstable Town, MA

N


Also “PSU_Name” is the PSU’s name according to the March 2020 CBSA definitions; “CBSA_Code” is the PSU’s five-character code according to the March 2020 CBSA definitions; and “PSU_Type” indicates whether the PSU is a metropolitan CBSA, a micropolitan CBSA, or a non-CBSA area according to the March 2020 CBSA definitions.


Here is an example of what the database looks like for stratum N49L. It is a group of “N” PSUs in the West region and the Pacific division. The stratum has 3 PSUs (Sacramento, San Jose, Oxnard) and 7 counties (El Dorado, Placer, Sacramento, Yolo, San Benito, Santa Clara, Ventura). Sacramento is the PSU selected to represent the stratum, which can be seen by the letter “Y” in the column labeled “Selected.” That particular PSU has four counties and its population is 2,397,382 (= 191,185 + 404,739 + 1,585,055 + 216,403). The population of the whole stratum is 5,241,693, so its stratum-to-PSU inflation factor will be 2.186 (= 5,241,693 / 2,397,382).


Stratum

PSU Code

PSU Name

Selected

State FIPS

County FIPS

State Name

County Name

County Population

PSU Population

Stratum Population

N49L

N49L.001

Sacramento, CA

Y

06

017

CA

El Dorado

191,185

2,397,382

5,241,693

N49L

N49L.001

Sacramento, CA

Y

06

061

CA

Placer

404,739

2,397,382

5,241,693

N49L

N49L.001

Sacramento, CA

Y

06

067

CA

Sacramento

1,585,055

2,397,382

5,241,693

N49L

N49L.001

Sacramento, CA

Y

06

113

CA

Yolo

216,403

2,397,382

5,241,693

N49L

N49L.002

San Jose, CA

N

06

069

CA

San Benito

64,209

2,000,468

5,241,693

N49L

N49L.002

San Jose, CA

N

06

085

CA

Santa Clara

1,936,259

2,000,468

5,241,693

N49L

N49L.003

Oxnard, CA

N

06

111

CA

Ventura

843,843

843,843

5,241,693


Note: The county, PSU, and stratum populations over the entire United States sum to 331,449,281, which is the Census Bureau’s official estimate of the U.S. resident population on April 1, 2020 (the 2020 decennial census). When working with and manipulating the database, the best way of verifying the accuracy of one’s computations is to look for three numbers. There should be 3,144 counties; 1,492 PSUs; and 331,449,281 people.



VIII. Other Aspects of CE’s Sample Design


The purpose of this memo is only to provide PSU definitions for CE’s 2020 census-based sample design. Other aspects of the redesign, such as the sample size, will be covered in separate memos.





cc:

CPI/CE Area Selection Team

BLS

Census


Asia Anuwa (SMD)

Janel Brattland (DCES)

Michael Bagley (ADDP)


Stephen Ash (SMD)

Rob Cage (CPI)

James Farber (DSMD)


Eric Clover-Wadel (DCPPI)

Brett Creech (DCES)

Rachel Gliozzi (DSMD)


Melissa Edwards (DCES)

Scott Curtin (DCES)

John Gloster (ADDP)


Steven Joering (OFO)

Robert Eddy (OPLC)

Eloise Parker (ADDP)


Bill Johnson (SMD)

Laura Erhard (DCES)

Alicia Walker (FLD)


Chris Miller (DCPPI)

Kirk Hagemeier (SMD)

Michael White (DSMD)


Brian Nix (SMD)

Sharon Krieger (SMD)



David Swanson (SMD)

Steven Paben (SMD)



Alek Traczyk (SMD)

Barry Steinberg (SMD)



Alice Yu (SMD)

Anya Stockburger (CPI)




Lauren Vermeer (SMD)



Appendix 1. U.S. Consumer Expenditure Survey: 2020 Census-Based Sample Design (91 PSUs)



Division 1 (New England), Northeast Region

PSU

PSU Name

PSU Definition (State and County)

PSU Population

Stratum Population

S11A

Boston-Cambridge-Newton, MA-NH

MA: Essex, Middlesex, Norfolk, Plymouth, Suffolk

4,941,632

4,941,632

NH: Rockingham, Strafford

N11B

Hartford-East Hartford-Middletown, CT

CT: Capitol, Lower Connecticut River Valley

1,150,473

3,346,659

N11C

Springfield, MA

MA: Franklin, Hampden, Hampshire

699,162

3,333,200

N11D

Burlington-South Burlington, VT

VT: Chittenden, Franklin, Grand Isle

225,562

1,701,880

N11E

Pittsfield, MA

MA: Berkshire

129,026

1,132,074

R11A

Addison, VT

VT: Addison

37,363

660,760



Division 2 (Middle Atlantic), Northeast Region

PSU

PSU Name

PSU Definition (State and County)

PSU Population

Stratum Population

S12A

New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA

NY: Bronx, Kings, Nassau, New York, Putnam, Queens, Richmond, Rockland, Suffolk, Westchester

20,140,470

20,140,470

NJ: Bergen, Essex, Hudson, Hunterdon, Middlesex, Monmouth, Morris, Ocean, Passaic, Somerset, Sussex, Union

PA: Pike

S12B

Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD

PA: Bucks, Chester, Delaware, Montgomery, Philadelphia

6,245,051

6,245,051

NJ: Burlington, Camden, Gloucester, Salem

DE: New Castle

MD: Cecil

N12C

Pittsburgh, PA

PA: Allegheny, Armstrong, Beaver, Butler, Fayette, Washington, Westmoreland

2,370,930

4,392,090

N12D

Buffalo-Cheektowaga, NY

NY: Erie, Niagara

1,166,902

3,010,523

N12E

Rochester, NY

NY: Livingston, Monroe, Ontario, Orleans, Wayne, Yates

1,090,135

2,044,456

N12F

Reading, PA

PA: Berks

428,849

2,371,021

N12G

Kingston, NY

NY: Ulster

181,851

1,587,894

N12H

Chambersburg-Waynesboro, PA

PA: Franklin

155,932

2,505,473

R12A

Delaware-Sullivan, NY

NY: Delaware, Sullivan

122,932

759,757



Division 3 (East North Central), Midwest Region

PSU

PSU Name

PSU Definition (State and County)

PSU Population

Stratum Population

S23A

Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN-WI

IL: Cook, DeKalb, DuPage, Grundy, Kane, Kendall, Lake, McHenry, Will

9,618,502

9,618,502

IN: Jasper, Lake, Newton, Porter

WI: Kenosha

S23B

Detroit-Warren-Dearborn, MI

MI: Lapeer, Livingston, Macomb, Oakland, St. Clair, Wayne

4,392,041

4,392,041

N23C

Cincinnati, OH-KY-IN

OH: Brown, Butler, Clermont, Hamilton, Warren

2,256,884

4,395,810

KY: Boone, Bracken, Campbell, Gallatin, Grant, Kenton, Pendleton

IN: Dearborn, Franklin, Ohio, Union

N23D

Cleveland-Elyria, OH

OH: Cuyahoga, Geauga, Lake, Lorain, Medina

2,088,251

4,581,867

N23F

Milwaukee-Waukesha, WI

WI: Milwaukee, Ozaukee, Washington, Waukesha

1,574,731

3,374,770

N23I

Janesville-Beloit, WI

WI: Rock

163,687

6,656,008

N23K

Indianapolis-Carmel-Anderson, IN

IN: Boone, Brown, Hamilton, Hancock, Hendricks, Johnson, Madison, Marion, Morgan, Putnam, Shelby

2,111,040

4,621,876

N23L

Green Bay, WI

WI: Brown, Kewaunee, Oconto

328,268

2,883,718

N23M

Terre Haute, IN

IN: Clay, Parke, Sullivan, Vermillion, Vigo

185,031

2,878,687

R23A

Hardin-Wyandot, OH

OH: Hardin, Wyandot

52,596

301,222

R23B

Holmes, OH

OH: Holmes

44,223

2,698,641



Division 4 (West North Central), Midwest Region

PSU

PSU Name

PSU Definition (State and County)

PSU Population

Stratum Population

S24A

Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI

MN: Anoka, Carver, Chisago, Dakota, Hennepin, Isanti, Le Sueur, Mille Lacs, Ramsey, Scott, Sherburne, Washington, Wright

3,690,261

3,690,261

WI: Pierce, St. Croix

S24B

St. Louis, MO-IL

MO: Franklin, Jefferson, Lincoln, St. Charles, St. Louis, Warren, St. Louis City

2,820,253

2,820,253

IL: Bond, Calhoun, Clinton, Jersey, Macoupin, Madison, Monroe, St. Clair

N24D

Wichita, KS

KS: Butler, Harvey, Sedgwick, Sumner

647,610

4,992,147

N24E

Lincoln, NE

NE: Lancaster, Seward

340,217

2,489,617

N24H

St. Cloud, MN

MN: Benton, Stearns

199,671

5,466,283

R24A

Crawford-Gasconade-Iron-Washington, MO

MO: Crawford, Gasconade, Iron, Washington

70,901

2,734,097

R24B

Meeker-Renville-Sibley, MN

MN: Meeker, Renville, Sibley

52,959

336,192

R24C

Southeastern Nebraska

NE: Johnson, Nemaha, Otoe, Pawnee, Richardson

38,691

160,902



Division 5 (South Atlantic), South Region

PSU

PSU Name

PSU Definition (State and County)

PSU Population

Stratum Population

S35A

Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV

DC: District of Columbia

6,385,162

6,385,162

VA: Arlington, Clarke, Culpeper, Fairfax, Fauquier, Loudon, Madison, Prince William, Rappahannock, Spotsylvania, Stafford, Warren, Alexandria City, Fairfax City, Falls Church City, Fredericksburg City, Manassas City, Manassas Park City

MD: Calvert, Charles, Frederick, Montgomery, Prince George’s

WV: Jefferson

S35B

Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Pompano Beach, FL

FL: Broward, Miami-Dade, Palm Beach

6,138,333

6,138,333

S35C

Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Alpharetta, GA

GA: Barrow, Bartow, Butts, Carroll, Cherokee, Clayton, Cobb, Coweta, Dawson, DeKalb, Douglas, Fayette, Forsyth, Fulton, Gwinnett, Haralson, Heard, Henry, Jasper, Lamar, Meriwether, Morgan, Newton, Paulding, Pickens, Pike, Rockdale, Spalding, Walton

6,089,815

6,089,815

S35D

Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL

FL: Hernando, Hillsborough, Pasco, Pinellas

3,175,275

3,175,275

S35E

Baltimore-Columbia-Towson, MD

MD: Anne Arundel, Baltimore, Carroll, Harford, Howard, Queen Anne's, Baltimore City

2,844,510

2,844,510

N35F

Charlotte-Concord-Gastonia, NC-SC

NC: Anson, Cabarrus, Gaston, Iredell, Lincoln, Mecklenburg, Rowan, Union

2,660,329

5,242,048

SC: Chester, Lancaster, York

N35G

Orlando-Kissimmee-Sanford, FL

FL: Lake, Orange, Osceola, Seminole

2,673,376

4,279,224

N35H

Richmond, VA

VA: Amelia, Charles City, Chesterfield, Dinwiddie, Goochland, Hanover, Henrico, King and Queen, King William, New Kent, Powhatan, Prince George, Sussex, Colonial Heights City, Hopewell City, Petersburg City, Richmond City

1,314,434

3,114,108

N35I

Raleigh-Cary, NC

NC: Franklin, Johnston, Wake

1,413,982

4,963,233

N35L

Cape Coral-Fort Myers, FL

FL: Lee

760,822

3,934,031

N35O

Gainesville, FL

FL: Alachua, Gilchrist, Levy

339,247

2,420,826

N35P

Jacksonville, NC

NC: Onslow

204,576

2,651,818

N35R

Gainesville, GA

GA: Hall

203,136

2,879,738

N35S

Punta Gorda, FL

FL: Charlotte

186,847

1,271,140

N35T

Winchester, VA-WV

VA: Frederick, Winchester City

142,632

7,058,712

WV: Hampshire

R35A

Central Virginia

VA: Caroline, Essex, King George, Middlesex

78,834

690,246

R35B

Southern Virginia

VA: Halifax, Mecklenburg

64,341

2,305,129

R35C

Eastern Virginia

VA: Lancaster, Northumberland, Richmond, Westmoreland

50,158

149,211



Division 6 (East South Central), South Region

PSU

PSU Name

PSU Definition (State and County)

PSU Population

Stratum Population

N36A

Louisville/Jefferson County, KY-IN

KY: Bullitt, Henry, Jefferson, Oldham, Shelby, Spencer

1,285,439

3,879,172

IN: Clark, Floyd, Harrison, Washington

N36B

Birmingham-Hoover, AL

AL: Bibb, Blount, Chilton, Jefferson, St. Clair, Shelby

1,115,289

4,442,587

N36C

Chattanooga, TN-GA

TN: Hamilton, Marion, Sequatchie

562,647

3,017,577

GA: Catoosa, Dade, Walker

N36E

Florence-Muscle Shoals, AL

AL: Colbert, Lauderdale

150,791

5,480,843

R36A

Northwestern Alabama

AL: Franklin, Marion, Winston

84,994

869,088

R36B

Central Kentucky

KY: Casey, Marion, Washington

47,549

1,605,760



Division 7 (West South Central), South Region

PSU

PSU Name

PSU Definition (State and County)

PSU Population

Stratum Population

S37A

Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX

TX: Collin, Dallas, Denton, Ellis, Hunt, Johnson, Kaufman, Parker, Rockwall, Tarrant, Wise

7,637,387

7,637,387

S37B

Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land, TX

TX: Austin, Brazoria, Chambers, Fort Bend, Galveston, Harris, Liberty, Montgomery, Waller

7,122,240

7,122,240

N37C

San Antonio-New Braunfels, TX

TX: Atascosa, Bandera, Bexar, Comal, Guadalupe, Kendall, Medina, Wilson

2,558,143

4,297,783

N37D

Oklahoma City, OK

OK: Canadian, Cleveland, Grady, Lincoln, Logan, McClain, Oklahoma

1,425,695

5,331,471

N37F

Lafayette, LA

LA: Acadia, Iberia, Lafayette, St. Martin, Vermilion

478,384

2,299,468

N37G

Brownsville-Harlingen, TX

TX: Cameron

421,017

2,304,839

N37H

Amarillo, TX

TX: Armstrong, Carson, Oldham, Potter, Randall

268,691

3,617,045

N37I

Russellville, AR

AR: Pope, Yell

83,644

2,559,064

N37J

Paris, TX

TX: Lamar

50,088

2,876,907

R37A

Northeastern Texas

TX: Rains, Van Zandt, Wood

116,548

2,194,370

R37B

Northern Arkansas

AR: Cleburne, Conway, Van Buren

61,222

466,715



Division 8 (Mountain), West Region

PSU

PSU Name

PSU Definition (State and County)

PSU Population

Stratum Population

S48A

Phoenix-Mesa-Chandler, AZ

AZ: Maricopa, Pinal

4,845,832

4,845,832

S48B

Denver-Aurora-Lakewood, CO

CO: Adams, Arapahoe, Broomfield, Clear Creek, Denver, Douglas, Elbert, Gilpin, Jefferson, Park

2,963,821

2,963,821

N48C

Las Vegas-Henderson-Paradise, NV

NV: Clark

2,265,461

4,566,830

N48D

Provo-Orem, UT

UT: Juab, Utah

671,185

2,635,101

N48E

Yuma, AZ

AZ: Yuma

203,881

3,549,617

N48F

St. George, UT

UT: Washington

180,279

5,074,188

R48A

Northeastern Utah

UT: Daggett, Duchesne

20,531

1,280,660



Division 9 (Pacific), West Region

PSU

PSU Name

PSU Definition (State and County)

PSU Population

Stratum Population

S49A

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA

CA: Los Angeles, Orange

13,200,998

13,200,998

S49B

San Francisco-Oakland-Berkeley, CA

CA: Alameda, Contra Costa, Marin, San Francisco, San Mateo

4,749,008

4,749,008

S49C

Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA

CA: Riverside, San Bernardino

4,599,839

4,599,839

S49D

Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA

WA: King, Pierce, Snohomish

4,018,762

4,018,762

S49E

San Diego-Chula Vista-Carlsbad, CA

CA: San Diego

3,298,634

3,298,634

S49F

Urban Honolulu, HI

HI: Honolulu

1,016,508

1,455,189

S49G

Anchorage, AK

AK: Anchorage, Matanuska-Susitna

398,328

540,186

N49H

Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro, OR-WA

OR: Clackamas, Columbia, Multnomah, Washington, Yamhill

2,512,859

3,826,789

WA: Clark, Skamania

N49I

Santa Rosa-Petaluma, CA

CA: Sonoma

488,863

3,456,846

N49J

Chico, CA

CA: Butte

211,632

3,142,008

N49K

Moses Lake, WA

WA: Grant

99,123

2,145,810

N49L

Sacramento-Roseville-Folsom, CA

CA: El Dorado, Placer, Sacramento, Yolo

2,397,382

5,241,693

N49M

Eugene-Springfield, OR

OR: Lane

382,971

1,669,038

N49N

Yuba City, CA

CA: Sutter, Yuba

181,208

1,570,215

R49A

Tillamook, OR

OR: Tillamook

27,390

757,508



Appendix 2. PSUs Being Dropped/Added in the New Sample Design



This table shows the 14 N-size PSUs that are being dropped from the sample.


1

N23E

Columbus, OH

8

N35K

Winston-Salem, NC

2

N23G

Dayton-Kettering, OH

9

N35M

Ocala, FL

3

N23H

Flint, MI

10

N35O

Wilmington, NC

4

N23J

Frankfort, IN

11

N35Q

Clarksburg, WV

5

N24C

Omaha-Council Bluffs, NE-IA

12

N36D

Huntsville, AL

6

N24G

Brookings, SD

13

N36F

Meridian, MS

7

N35J

Greenville-Anderson, SC

14

N37E

Baton Rouge, LA


This table shows the 14 N-size PSUs that are being added to the sample.


1

15540

Burlington-South Burlington, VT

8

41060

St. Cloud, MN

2

38340

Pittsfield, MA

9

23580

Gainesville, GA

3

28740

Kingston, NY

10

39460

Punta Gorda, FL

4

16540

Chambersburg-Waynesboro, PA

11

49020

Winchester, VA-WV

5

26900

Indianapolis-Carmel-Anderson, IN

12

40900

Sacramento-Roseville-Folsom, CA

6

24580

Green Bay, WI

13

21660

Eugene-Springfield, OR

7

45460

Terre Haute, IN

14

49700

Yuba City, CA


This table shows the 10 R-Size PSUs that are being dropped from the sample.


1

R12G

Northeast Pennsylvania

2

R23K

Northern Michigan

3

R24G

Northern Missouri

4

R24H

Northeast Nebraska

5

R35S

Southwest West Virginia

6

R36G

Eastern Kentucky

7

R36H

Western Tennessee

8

R48G

Ravalli, MT

9

R48H

Lincoln, NM

10

R48I

Gooding, ID


This table shows the 10 R-Size PSUs that are being added to the sample.


1

R0107

Franklin-Marion-Winston, AL

2

R2107

Casey-Marion-Washington, KY

3

R2715

Meeker-Renville-Sibley, MN

4

R2909

Crawford-Gasconade-Iron-Washington, MO

5

R3117

Johnson-Nemaha-Otoe-Pawnee-Richardson, NE

6

R3603

Delaware-Sullivan, NY

7

R3902

Hardin-Wyandot, OH

8

R4902

Daggett-Duchesne, UT

9

R5106

Caroline-Essex-King George-Middlesex, VA

10

R5109

Lancaster-Northumberland-Richmond-Westmoreland, VA



1 A Core-Based Statistical Area (CBSA) is a geographic area defined by the Office of Management and Budget for use by federal statistical agencies in collecting, tabulating, and publishing federal statistics. It is a collective term for both metropolitan and micropolitan areas. A metropolitan CBSA has an urban core with 50,000 or more people, and a micropolitan CBSA has an urban core with 10,000 to 50,000 people. CBSAs consist of the county containing the urban core plus the adjacent counties that have a high degree of social and economic integration with the core as measured by commuting ties.

2 The small “N” PSUs (those with under 200,000 people) were required to be geographically close to an “S” PSU or a large “N” PSU in the sample to make data collection easier by allowing field representatives (FRs) to travel from one PSU to another PSU to fill in for another FR when the need arises. For example, when an FR gets sick or goes on vacation. Twenty miles was felt to be a reasonable distance for an FR in one PSU to travel to another PSU, collect data in that PSU, and then return home at the end of the day.


The distance between PSUs was computed from the edge of one PSU to the edge of the other PSU. The edges of the PSUs were determined by starting with their geographic areas, and the latitudes and longitudes of their population centers (their demographic centers, not their geographic centers), and then backing into their radii under the assumption that the PSUs’ shapes were circles. The distance between two PSUs was the shortest distance between the two circles. In practice, this edge-to-edge distance was computed as the distance between the two PSUs’ centers, minus the sum of the two circles’ radii.

9

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