2 2024 Policy Survey

U.S. ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION (EAC)
2024 Election Administration Policy Survey
To better understand state laws governing federal elections, the U.S. Election Assistance
Commission (EAC), as part of its biennial Election Administration and Voting Survey (EAVS),
is collecting information related to your state’s election policies and procedures. These
answers will help the EAC validate and better understand the quantitative data relating to
the 2024 general election that we will be collecting from all U.S. states and territories. Your
responses to these questions should reflect your state’s election laws, policies, and
practices that will be in place for the November 2024 general election.
For each question, you should select the option that most closely describes your state’s
activities. The EAC recognizes that there are often subtle differences in how states
administer a specific aspect of their general elections; however, these subtle differences
should not affect your ability to answer the questions in this survey.
Select questions have a comment box to provide additional nuance to your responses. All
comments that you provide will be made public when the survey data are released, and the
information submitted in your comments may be replicated in the EAVS Comprehensive
Report and in other research products released by the EAC in order to provide context to
your Policy Survey data. Because these comments will be public, they should be written so
they are understandable to readers who are not familiar with your state’s election policy.
Comments should not include any sensitive information or personally identifiable
information (PII), and any acronyms in your comments should be explained.
The EAVS team appreciates your cooperation in this important project.
Information supplied by:
Name:

Title:

Office/Agency Name:
Email Address:

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Table of Contents
Answering the Election Administration and Voting Survey (EAVS) ......................................... 1
Voter Registration and List Maintenance ................................................................................. 2
Election Technology ................................................................................................................. 15
Mail Voting ................................................................................................................................ 16
In-Person Voting ....................................................................................................................... 25
UOCAVA Voting ......................................................................................................................... 28
Provisional Voting..................................................................................................................... 30
Election Certification, Recounts, and Audits .......................................................................... 32
Recounts............................................................................................................................... 33
Audits .................................................................................................................................... 34
Voter Identification................................................................................................................... 35
Criminal Convictions and Voting ............................................................................................. 37
Election Security....................................................................................................................... 38

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Answering the Election Administration and Voting Survey (EAVS)
Q1. States can answer the questions in the EAVS in different ways. For each section of the
survey, please select the option that best describes how your state answers the questions in
the EAVS.

EAVS Section

The questions in the section will be answered…
In part by the state
Entirely by the state Entirely by local
and in part by local
election office
election offices
election offices

Section A: Voter Registration
Section B: Uniformed and
Overseas Citizens Absentee
Voting Act (UOCAVA)
Section C: Mail Voting
Section D: In-Person Polling
Operations
Section E: Provisional Voting
Section F: Voter Participation
and Election Technologies

As a reminder:
•
•

•

•
•
•

Section A covers voter registration, including total registrants, registration
transactions processed during the election cycle, the sources of registrations,
confirmation notices, and voter registration records removed.
Section B covers UOCAVA voting, including ballots transmitted to Uniformed Services
voters and overseas citizens, the manner in which the ballots were transmitted (e.g.,
by mail, by email), the number of ballots returned, the manner in which the ballots
were returned, and the final disposition of each ballot (i.e., accepted, rejected). It also
covers Federal Write-In Absentee Ballots (FWAB) and Federal Post Card Applications
(FPCA).
Section C covers mail voting, including the number of ballots transmitted and
returned, the use of drop boxes, ballot curing, the number of mail ballots counted
and rejected, and the reasons for mail ballot rejections. It also covers whether any
registrants received ballots because they are permanent absentee voters.
Section D covers in-person polling operations, including the number of precincts, the
number of polling places, and data on poll workers.
Section E covers provisional voting, including the total number of provisional ballots
cast and the reasons they were cast, the disposition of each provisional ballot, and
the reasons provisional ballots were rejected.
Section F covers voter participation and election technologies, including participation
in the election, poll books, the type of voting equipment used in voting, and general
comments on the election administration experience.

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Q2. Since you reported data for the 2022 EAVS, have any local jurisdictions been
consolidated or created in your state that will change the list of jurisdictions for which your
state will report data for the 2024 EAVS?
o Yes
o No
If Q2 = Yes, use the Comments box to describe; the EAVS team will reach out to you for
more details if needed.
Q2 Comments:

Q3. Provide the URLs for the following pages on your state’s election website. These links
should be the URLs that voters would visit to find information about an election or to register
to vote.
Main voter website:
Web page for voter registration:
Web page for voters with disabilities:
Voter Registration and List Maintenance
Q4. For the November 2024 general election, is your state’s voter registration database
system best described as a top-down system, a bottom-up system, or a hybrid of both?
Note: A top-down system is hosted on a single, central platform or mainframe and is
generally maintained by the state with information supplied by local jurisdictions. A bottomup system generally uploads information retained at the local level and compiles it at regular
intervals to form the statewide voter registration list. A hybrid is some combination of both
systems described above.
o Top-down system
o Bottom-up system
o Hybrid system
If Q4 = Top-down, skip to Q4
If Q4 = Bottom-up or Hybrid, proceed to Q4a
Q4 Comments:

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Q4a. How often do local jurisdictions transmit registration information to the state voter
registration database? (Select all that apply.)
□ In real time
□ Daily
□ Other (please describe):
Q4a Comments:

Q5. For each of the following entities, please report whether your state’s voter registration
system (or equivalent) conducts electronic transfers of information to maintain the accuracy
of its voter rolls. Electronic data transfers occur when information is transmitted from one
computer system to another. Non-electronic data transfers, such as information shared
through paper copies, should not be reported in these questions. Information sent through
email or fax is not considered an electronic data transfer for the purposes of this question.
A voter registration system (VRS) is a combination of hardware, software, or firmware and
materials and documentation used to streamline the process of voter registration and to
secure voter information in a county, state, or election jurisdiction by election
administrators. A voter registration system is connected to a private network, administered
through state or local jurisdictions, and holds the capability of administrative functions to aid
in the voting process on Election Day. In some jurisdictions, VRSs may be interoperable with
e-poll books, election night reporting systems, and/or election management systems. Voter
registration systems are designed by either private sector manufacturers or in-house
jurisdictions and are managed by manufacturers and jurisdictions based on high-level
standards of cybersecurity and data infrastructure maintenance.
For each entity, report whether it electronically transfers data with the state’s voter
registration system and how often the data transfer occurs.
Governmental Entity
a. Motor vehicles agency
(e.g., departments of
motor vehicles [DMV])

b. Any state agencies for
people with disabilities

1. Does the entity have
electronic data transfer?
o
o

Yes
No

If response is “No,” proceed to
next entity.
o
o

Yes
No

If response is “No,” proceed to
next entity.

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2. How often does data transfer
occur?
o
o
o
o
o
o

Real time
Daily
Weekly
Monthly
On demand
Other (describe): ___________

o
o
o
o
o
o

Real time
Daily
Weekly
Monthly
On demand
Other (describe): ___________

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Governmental Entity

1. Does the entity have
electronic data transfer?

c. Any state public
assistance agencies

o
o

Yes
No

If response is “No,” proceed to
next entity.
d. Other state agencies
(not National Voter
Registration Act [NVRA]
required)

o
o

e. Federal agencies (not
NVRA required)

o
o

Yes
No

If response is “No,” proceed to
next entity.
Yes
No

If response is “No,” proceed to
next entity.
f. Military recruiting office

o
o

Yes
No

If response is “No,” proceed to
next entity.
g. Entities that maintain
death records (e.g., U.S.
Social Security
Administration [SSA],
state vital statistics)

o
o

h. Entities that maintain
felony or prison records
(e.g., state courts, state
police, federal courts,
pardons or paroles
agency)

o
o

i. Entities that maintain
records of individuals
declared mentally
incompetent

o
o

Yes
No

If response is “No,” proceed to
next entity.
Yes
No

If response is “No,” proceed to
next entity.
Yes
No

If response is “No,” proceed to
next entity.

2. How often does data transfer
occur?
o
o
o
o
o
o

Real time
Daily
Weekly
Monthly
On demand
Other (describe): ___________

o
o
o
o
o
o

Real time
Daily
Weekly
Monthly
On demand
Other (describe): ___________

o
o
o
o
o
o

Real time
Daily
Weekly
Monthly
On demand
Other (describe): ___________

o
o
o
o
o
o

Real time
Daily
Weekly
Monthly
On demand
Other (describe): ___________

o
o
o
o
o
o

Real time
Daily
Weekly
Monthly
On demand
Other (describe): ___________

o
o
o
o
o
o

Real time
Daily
Weekly
Monthly
On demand
Other (describe): ___________

o
o
o
o
o
o

Real time
Daily
Weekly
Monthly
On demand
Other (describe): ___________

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Q6. Which of the following options describes how your state’s VRS is used? (Select all that
apply.)
□
□
□
□
□
□
□
□
□

Registers new voters
Updates existing voter registrations
Ensures voter’s eligibility
Stores sensitive identification pertaining to a voter (e.g., driver’s license number,
signature)
Processes absentee applications
Processes mailed ballots
Records voter check-ins at a polling place
Stores vote history post-election
Other (please specify):

Q7. What method of internet connectivity is used by your state’s VRS?
o
o
o
o
o

Public network without connection to virtual private network (VPN)
Public network with connection to VPN
Secure private network
Unsure
Other (please specify):

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Q8. Does your state offer voter registration through a state government agency using any of
these automatic processes, either online or in person? (Select all that apply.)
□ During an interaction with the state government agency, the option to register to vote
is preselected, but the individual can choose to opt out of registration during the
interaction.
□ During an interaction with the state government agency, the individual cannot
complete the interaction without selecting whether or not they wish to register to
vote.
□ During an interaction with the state government agency, the individual is
automatically registered to vote unless they opt out in response to a mailer that is
sent to the individual after the interaction has concluded.
□ Individuals who have existing records with a state government agency are
automatically registered to vote, regardless of whether the individual has an
interaction with the government agency.
□ Other (please describe):
□ No automatic registration processes are available in my state.
If Q8 = No automatic registration processes, skip to Q9
If Q8 = Any other option, proceed to Q8a
Q8 Comments:

Q8a. Which state agency or agencies participate in this automatic registration program?
(Select all that apply.)
□
□
□
□
□

State motor vehicles agency (e.g., DMV)
State agency or agencies for people with disabilities
State public assistance or social services agency or agencies
State agencies as designated by the state’s chief election official or governor
Other (please describe):

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Q9. Does your state have a public-facing online, web-based system that interfaces with the
state voter registration system, and through which individuals can register to vote or update
their registration? For purposes of this question, any system that is accessible only to state
government employees or that requires any paper form to be submitted does not qualify as
an online, web-based system.
o Yes, individuals can both register to vote and update their registration via the online
system.
o Yes, individuals can update their registration via the online system.
o No
If Q9 = No, skip to Q10
If Q9 = Yes, proceed to Q9a

Q9a. When registering to vote online, what personal information must be supplied for a voter
to use the online registration service? (Select all that apply.)
□ No personal information must be supplied.
□ Valid state-issued driver’s license, state-issued driver’s license number, learner’s
permit number, or other identification card issued by your state’s motor vehicles
agency
□ Driver’s license or identification card issued by another state
□ U.S. passport
□ U.S. Social Security number (or last four digits thereof)
□ Other (please describe):
Q9a Comments:

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Q10. Which of the following voting information lookup features and other tools are available
on your state election office website? (Select all that apply.)
Voters may check their registration status.
Voters may view voter-specific ballot information.
Voters may check the status of their UOCAVA ballot delivery, return, and processing.
Voters may check the status of their mail ballot delivery, return, and processing.
Voters may check their polling site location.
Voters may check the status of their provisional ballot processing.
Voters may submit an electronic request to receive a mail or absentee ballot.
Voters may check the location(s) of drop box(es) available for them to use.
Eligible voters may file an online request to receive a mail ballot electronically (such
as through accessible absentee or mail voting, remote accessible vote-by-mail
balloting, or a similar process).
□ Voters may sign up to work as a poll worker in an upcoming election.
□ Other (please describe):
□ None of the above
□
□
□
□
□
□
□
□
□

Q11. For the November 2024 general election, will your state allow any individuals to
register to vote on the same day that they cast a ballot in person or request a mail ballot?
This may be known as same-day voter registration (SDR) or Election Day registration (EDR) in
your state.
Note that a period of overlap between the mail balloting period and the close of voter
registration should not be considered SDR or EDR for the purposes of this question.
o Yes
o No
If Q11 = No, skip to Q12
If Q11 = Yes, proceed to Q11a
Q11 Comments:

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Q11a. Under which circumstances can a voter in your state register on the same day that
they cast a ballot? (Select all that apply.)
□ On Election Day
□ During in-person early voting
□ During an overlap between the start of in-person early voting and the close of voter
registration
□ In very specific cases (e.g., for federal offices only; please describe):

Q11b. At what locations may individuals in your state register to vote on the same day that
they cast a ballot in person? (Select all that apply.)
□
□
□
□

Election offices
Any polling place
Only some polling places
Other (please describe):

Q12. Does your state allow individuals to pre-register to vote before they are 18 years old
and then become automatically registered to vote once they turn 18?
o Yes, individuals who are at least _____ years of age may pre-register to vote.
o No, our state does not allow pre-registration.
If Q12 = No, skip to Q13
If Q12 = Yes, proceed to Q12a
Q12 Comments:

Q12a. When a person submits a pre-registration application before they turn 18 years old, is
the application processed immediately or held until the person turns 18?
o The pre-registration application is processed immediately, but the person cannot vote
before they turn 18.
o The pre-registration application is held and is not processed until the person turns
18.
o Other (please describe):

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Q13. Does your state differentiate between active and inactive voters in your voter
registration records?
The EAVS defines an active voter as a fully eligible voter who has no additional processing
requirements to fulfill before voting. An inactive voter is defined as a voter who remains
eligible to vote but requires address verification under the provisions of the NVRA.
o Yes, our state differentiates between active and inactive voters.
o No, our state does not use this distinction.
If Q13 = Yes, proceed to Q13a
If Q13 = No, skip to Q14

Q13a. Does your state use the EAVS definitions for active voter and inactive voter?
o Yes
o No (please describe the definitions your state uses instead):

Q13b. Does your state track data on other types of voters aside from active and inactive
voters?
o No
o Yes (please describe):

Q14. Who is responsible for modifying or removing voter registration records in your state?
o Only state officials
o Only local officials
o Both state and local officials
If the answer to Q14 is “Both state and local officials,” use the Comments box to specify
the roles and responsibilities of state and local officials.
Q14 Comments:

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Q15. How does your state store its data on voter registration applications or updates that
voters submit?
o As registration applications or forms
o As registration transactions: A unit of work performed to a voter registration record
within a voter registration database. Transactions may involve adding a new
registration record, updating the record of an existing registered voter (such as
updating the voter’s name, contact information, or address), or removing a record if
the individual is no longer an eligible voter in your jurisdiction. Multiple transactions
may be performed on one voter registration record during the period between the
close of registration for the 2022 general election and the close of registration for the
2024 general election. In addition, when a voter moves between jurisdictions, it may
trigger registration transactions in the jurisdiction the voter was previously registered
as well as in the jurisdiction that the voter is newly registered.
o As both registration applications/forms and transactions (describe when
applications/forms are tracked and when transactions are tracked:
o Other (please describe):

Q16. Does your state track data on the following types of voter registration transactions?
(Select all that apply.)
□ Duplicate registration transactions: Transactions submitted by persons already
registered to vote at the same address, under the same name and personal
information.
□ Invalid or rejected registration transactions: Transactions that did not meet the
requirements of eligibility because they were not completed properly, or the
individual was not eligible to register to vote in your jurisdiction.
□ Neither duplicate nor invalid registration transactions

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Q17. Which of the following sources may individuals use to register to vote and/or submit an
update to their voter registration record in your state? (Select all that apply.)
□ Mail, fax, and email
□ In person at the election/registrar’s office
□ A public-facing online registration system maintained by the state or jurisdiction
election office (excluding online registration systems specific to one of the
government agencies listed below)
□ An automatic registration program (a program that automatically registers an eligible
voter whenever they interact with a government agency [e.g., departments of motor
vehicles] or a program in which an eligible voter is given the option to register to vote
electronically whenever they interact with the government agency)
□ Motor vehicles offices or other offices that issue driver’s licenses (excluding
automatic registration programs)
□ Public assistance offices mandated as registration sites under NVRA (excluding
automatic registration programs)
□ State-funded agencies primarily serving persons with disabilities (excluding
automatic registration programs)
□ Armed forces recruitment offices
□ Other agencies designated by the state not mandated by NVRA (excluding automatic
registration programs)
□ Registration drives from advocacy groups or political parties
□ Polling places and voting sites
□ Other (please describe):

Q18. Does your state send confirmation notices to voters to help identify individuals who
may be ineligible to vote in your state? (Select all that apply.)
In your response, please include any confirmation notices that are produced through the
statewide system but are mailed by local election offices.
□ Yes, our state sends these notices pursuant to the National Voter Registration Act
(NVRA) Section 8 (d) (1) (B) and Section 8 (d) (2).
□ Yes, our state sends these notices pursuant to a state statute.
□ Yes, our state sends these notices pursuant to a formal administrative rule or
guidance.
□ No, our state does not send these notices.
If Q18 = No, skip to Q19
If Q18 = Yes, proceed to Q18a

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Q18a. Which voters are sent confirmation notices? (Select all that apply.)
□ A registered voter who has not voted in ____ consecutive federal general election(s)
□ A registered voter whose address may have changed (including a voter who may have
moved from the jurisdiction in which they are registered)
□ A registered voter who has received a disqualifying criminal conviction
□ A registered voter who is incarcerated
□ A registered voter who has been declared mentally incompetent
□ A registered voter who has surrendered their driver’s license and has obtained a new
license in a different state
□ A registered voter whose mail from an election office was returned as undeliverable
□ A registered voter who has requested to be removed from the voter registration roll
□ A registered voter who has not made contact (as defined by state statute) with the
state election division in the last ____ year(s)
□ All registered voters routinely receive a non-forwardable notice every ____ year(s)
□ Other (please describe):

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Q19. What data sources are used to identify potentially ineligible voters on your state’s voter
rolls? (Select all that apply.)
□ Applications for mail ballots
□ Canvassing (door-to-door verification)
□ Data from an interstate data-sharing compact (e.g., the Electronic Registration
Information Center [ERIC])
□ Entities that maintain felony or prison records (e.g., state courts, state police, federal
courts, pardons or paroles agencies)
□ Entities that maintain records of individuals declared mentally incompetent
□ Jury questionnaires
□ Local/county office records
□ Mail ballots that are returned as undeliverable
□ Other mail from the election office (not ballots) that is returned as undeliverable
□ Motor vehicles agencies (e.g., DMV)
□ National Change of Address (NCOA) reports
□ Newspaper death notices or obituaries
□ Reports or notices from other states that a former resident has registered to vote
□ Requests from voters for removal from the voter registration roll
□ Returned jury summons
□ U.S. Social Security Administration (SSA) death records
□ State vital statistics office death records
□ State agencies that serve persons with disabilities
□ State public assistance agencies
□ State agencies that are not specified in the NVRA
□ State tax filings
□ Other (e.g., military recruitment offices; please describe):
Q20. In your state, is a voter made ineligible to vote if they are declared mentally
incompetent?
o Yes
o No
Q20 Comments:

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Q21. When a duplicate voter registration record is identified in your database (i.e., two voter
registration records with the same name and personal information), are the duplicate
records merged together, removed from the database entirely, or something else?
o
o
o
o

The records are merged.
One of the records is removed from the database.
Varies by jurisdiction
Other (please describe):

Election Technology
Q22. Which of the following options best describes your state’s policy on voting system
testing and certification?
o Voting system testing and certification are required by statute.
o Voting system testing and certification are required by a formal administrative rule or
guidance.
o Our state does not require any type of voting system testing and certification before a
voting system is approved for purchase.
If Q22 = Testing and certification are not required, skip to Q23
If Q22 = Testing and certification are required, proceed to Q22a
Q22 Comments:

Q22a. Which of the following categories best describes your state’s policy on voting system
testing and certification regarding the role of the EAC and federal testing and certification?
(Select all that apply.)
□ Requires federal certification, without specific reference to EAC certification
□ Requires federal certification, with specific reference to EAC certification
□ Requires certification to the EAC-adopted federal Voluntary Voting System Guidelines
(VVSG)
□ Requires state certification independent of federal certification
□ Requires state certification in addition to federal certification
□ Requires testing by an EAC-accredited Voting System Test Laboratory (VSTL)
□ Requires testing by an independent laboratory separate from an EAC-accredited VSTL
□ Other (please describe):

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Q23. Does your state, or does any jurisdiction in your state, use electronic poll books?
o Yes
o No
If Q23 = No, skip to Q24
If Q23 = Yes, proceed to Q23a
Q23a. Which of the following options best describes your state’s policy on electronic poll
book testing and certification?
o Electronic poll book testing and certification are required by statute.
o Electronic poll book testing and certification are required by a formal administrative
rule or guidance.
o Our state does not require any type of electronic poll book testing and certification
before the electronic poll book is approved for purchase.
Q23a Comments:

Mail Voting
Q24. For the November 2024 general election, will your state require an excuse for mail
(absentee) voting?
o Yes, an excuse is required.
o No, an excuse is not required.

Q25. For the November 2024 general election, will your state—or will any jurisdiction in your
state—automatically send a mail ballot to every registered (or to every active registered)
voter? This process may be referred to as an “all-mail election” or as an “all-vote-by-mail
election,” although some in-person voting may take place in these elections.
o Yes
o No
If Q25 = No, skip to Q26
If Q25 = Yes, proceed to Q25a

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Q25a. Will ballots be mailed to all voters statewide or only to voters in certain jurisdictions?
o To voters statewide
o Only to voters in certain jurisdictions
If Q25a = Statewide, skip to Q26
If Q25a = Only in certain jurisdictions, use the Q25a Comments box to provide a list of
the EAVS jurisdictions in your state that will conduct the November 2024 election
entirely by mail.
Q25a Comments:

Q26. For the November 2024 general election, will your state allow some or all registered
voters to request to be a permanent absentee voter? Voters who receive a mail ballot
because they reside in a state or jurisdiction that automatically sends mail ballots to all
registered voters (or to all active registered voters) should not be included in this question.
o No
o Yes, any registrant can request to be a permanent absentee voter.
o Yes, individuals who meet specific criteria can request to be a permanent absentee
voter.
If Q26 = No or Yes, any registrant, skip to Q27
If Q26 = Yes, individuals who meet specific criteria, proceed to Q26a

Q26a. Who can qualify to be a permanent absentee voter in your state? (Select all that
apply.)
 Individuals over a specified age
 Persons with disabilities
 Individuals with a letter from a physician stating that they are unable to vote in
person
 Other (please describe):

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Q27. For the November 2024 general election, will your state—or will any jurisdiction in your
state—allow voters to return their voted mail ballots at drop boxes?
For purposes of this question, a drop box is a locked container (located either indoors or
outdoors) where voters (or voters’ authorized representatives, if allowed by your state’s law)
may deliver their voted mail ballots for collection. Drop boxes are staffed or unstaffed and
are operated or controlled by election officials. Drop boxes are separate from ballot boxes
that are located at in-person polling places for voters to place their ballots immediately after
voting in person.
o Yes
o No
If Q27 = No, skip to Q28
If Q27 = Yes, proceed to Q27a

Q27a. Where will the drop boxes be located? (Select all that apply.)
□
□
□
□
□

Drop box locations are determined at the discretion of the local election offices.
At election offices
At early voting polling locations
At Election Day polling locations
At other sites (please describe):

Q27b. How often will ballots be collected from the drop boxes?
o
o
o
o
o

Drop box collection frequency is determined at the discretion of local election offices.
Multiple times per day
Once per day
At least every ____ days
Another frequency (please describe):

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Q27c. What dates and at what times may voters use drop boxes to return their ballots?
Note: If jurisdictions have discretion on when drop boxes are available, report the earliest
and latest dates on which jurisdictions could have made drop boxes available.
The first date that drop boxes are available: _____/______/________ (MM/DD/YYYY)
The final date that drop boxes are available: _____/______/________ (MM/DD/YYYY)
Hours:
o
o
o
o
o

Drop box hours are determined at the discretion of local election offices.
Drop boxes are available to voters 24 hours a day.
Drop boxes are available only during specific hours.
Varies by date (please describe):
Other availability for drop boxes (please describe):

Q27c Comments:

Q27d. What security measures are implemented for drop boxes? (Select all that apply.)
Drop box security measures are determined at the discretion of local election offices.
Video cameras must monitor the drop boxes.
Drop boxes are equipped with alarms.
Ballot collections must be logged.
Election workers or poll workers must monitor the drop boxes.
Multiple people must be present when election workers remove the ballots from the
drop boxes.
□ Drop boxes are locked or sealed so that only election officials can access the ballots.
□ Drop boxes are fastened to an immovable object or to the ground.
□ Other security measures (please describe):
□
□
□
□
□
□

Q27d Comments:

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Q27e. How do jurisdictions determine how many drop boxes to make available?
o State law mandates the number of drop boxes per jurisdiction (e.g., one drop box per
jurisdiction).
o State law mandates the number of drop boxes according to population size or voter
population (e.g., one drop box per 20,000 registered voters).
o Jurisdiction officials have discretion regarding how many drop boxes are made
available.
o Other (please describe):
Q28. For the 2024 general election, will your state allow voters to correct errors or missing
information on their voted mail ballot envelopes? This process is often referred to as ballot
curing.
o Yes
o No
If Q28 = No, skip to Q29
If Q28 = Yes, proceed to Q28a

Q28a. Which of the following types of mail ballot errors may be cured? (Select all that apply.)
□ Non-matching voter signature
□ Missing voter signature
□ Missing witness signature (if a witness signature is required for mail ballots in your
state)
□ Missing or incomplete required document, such as affidavit, ballot statement, or
voter’s identifying information (e.g., photocopy of identification, driver’s license
number)
□ Other (please describe):
Q28b. What is the deadline by which voters must cure errors or missing information on their
mail ballots?
Note: If your applicable law or practice states that mail ballot curing must be complete by a
certain number of days after the election, that information should be reported as the
calendar date on which the deadline falls for the 2024 general election.
_____/______/________ (MM/DD/YYYY)

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Q28c. How are voters notified that their ballot needs to be cured in order to be counted for
the election? (Select all that apply.)
□
□
□
□
□

Postal mail
Email
Telephone
Online portal
Other (please describe):

Q28d. Please describe the steps voters must take to cure their mail ballot.
In addition, if you have additional nuances to report about your ballot curing process that
have not been sufficiently covered in questions Q28–Q28d, please report them in the Q28d
Comments box.
Q28d Comments:

Q29. What is the deadline for a domestic civilian (non-UOCAVA) voter to return a mail ballot?
Note: If your applicable law or practice sets these deadlines as a certain number of days
before or after the election, that information should be reported as the calendar date on
which the deadline falls for the 2024 general election. If your state requires ballots to be
postmarked or to be received by a certain time, specify that information in the Comments
box.
Postmark deadline: _____/______/________ (MM/DD/YYYY)
Ballot receipt deadline: _____/______/________ (MM/DD/YYYY)
Q29 Comments:

Q30. How long does your state track ballots that arrive after the deadlines specified in Q29
for reporting in the EAVS Section C?
o Until the canvass is complete.
o Until a specified date: _____/______/________ (MM/DD/YYYY)
o Indefinitely

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Q31. What counts in your state as satisfying the postmark requirements for mail ballots?
(Select all that apply.)
□
□
□
□
□
□
□
□
□

Does not apply; no postmark is required.
Physical U.S. Postal Service (USPS) postmark
Orange USPS postal processing marks
USPS hand cancellation/round stamp
USPS intelligent mail barcode data
Private express delivery service date stamp
Private express delivery service data/intelligent barcode data
Date on the voter affidavit
Other (please describe):

Q32. For the November 2024 general election, under which circumstances will domestic
civilian (non-UOCAVA) voters be able to receive their ballots through an electronic format,
such as email, fax, online via your state’s online voter registration portal or other web-based
system, or through a mobile phone app? (Select all that apply.)
□ Domestic civilian voters cannot receive their ballots electronically under any
circumstances.
□ During an emergency situation (such as a natural disaster) that hinders normal inperson voting or mail voting
□ When a replacement ballot is needed
□ Voters with a specific disability (please describe):
□ Voters with any disability
□ Voters may receive a ballot electronically for any circumstance.
□ Other (please describe):
If Q32 = Voters with a specific disability or Voters with any disability, proceed to Q32a
If Q32 = any other option, skip to Q33

Q32a. What terminology does your state use to describe the process whereby a voter with a
disability may access a ballot online, mark it privately and independently, and return it to
election officials?
o
o
o
o

Accessible absentee voting
Remote access vote by mail
Remote ballot marking
Other (please describe):

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Q32b. Will the voting specified in Q32a be offered statewide or only in certain jurisdictions?
o Statewide
o Only in certain jurisdictions
If Q32b = Statewide; provide details about what system(s) are used in Q32b Comments
box.
If Q32b = Certain jurisdictions, proceed to Q32c
Q32b Comments:

Q32c. How can voters with a disability access their ballots under the process specified in
Q32a? (Select all that apply.)
□ Email
□ Online portal
□ Other (please describe):

Q32d. Must voters with a disability have a witness or witnesses present while they mark
their ballot under the process specified in Q32a?
o Yes
o No
o Other (please describe):
Q32d Comments:

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Q33. For the November 2024 general election, under which circumstances will domestic
civilian (non-UOCAVA) voters be able to return their ballots through an electronic format,
such as email, fax, online via your state’s online voter registration portal or other web-based
system, or through a mobile phone app? (Select all that apply.)
□ Domestic civilian voters cannot return their ballots electronically under any
circumstances.
□ During an emergency situation (such as a natural disaster) that hinders normal inperson voting or mail voting
□ If the voter has a specific disability (please describe):
□ If the voter has any disability
□ Voters may return a ballot electronically for any circumstance.
□ Other (please describe):
Q33 Comments:

Q33a. How does your state determine whether a domestic civilian (non-UOCAVA) voter is
eligible to return a ballot electronically?
o
o
o
o

The voter attests that they are eligible, under penalty of the law.
The voter attests that they are eligible, not under penalty of the law.
No attestation is required.
Other (please describe):

Q33a Comments:

Q33b. By which of the following methods does your state allow domestic civilian (nonUOCAVA) voters to return their ballots electronically? (Select all that apply.)
□
□
□
□

Email
Fax
Online via a ballot delivery portal
Other (please specify):

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In-Person Voting
Q34. What terminology does your state use to describe the process of allowing individuals to
cast their ballots in person at a polling location, vote center, or election office before
Election Day? (Select all that apply.)
Note: The hand-delivered return of mail ballots (e.g., via drop boxes or over the counter)
should not be considered in-person early voting for the purposes of this question.
□ In-person early voting: The voter completes the ballot in person at an election office
or other designated polling site before Election Day.
□ In-person absentee voting: The voter completes an absentee ballot in person at an
election office or other designated polling site before Election Day.
□ Other (please describe):
□ In-person voting is not allowed before Election Day. (Note: If your state allows voters
with disabilities or any other specific population of voters to come to a local election
office and vote in person before Election Day, do not select this option and make the
appropriate selection among the other choices.)
If Q34 = No, skip to Q35
If Q34 = Yes, proceed to Q34a

Q34a. Is an excuse required for voters to participate in the type of voting described in Q34?
o Yes
o No
Q34b. Enter the calendar dates when your state’s in-person voting before Election Day (as
outlined in Q34) will begin and end for the 2024 general election.
Note: If jurisdictions have discretion on when in-person voting begins before the election,
report the earliest and latest dates on which jurisdictions could have offered this voting.
If there are further details you wish to share about your state’s early voting availability for
this election (e.g., early voting is only available on weekdays), or if the availability of inperson early voting varies by jurisdiction, please use the Comments box to provide this
context.
The first day of early voting: _____/______/________ (MM/DD/YYYY)
The final day of early voting: _____/______/________ (MM/DD/YYYY)
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Q35. For the November 2024 general election, will any jurisdiction in your state use a vote
center model? A vote center is a physical location where voters from multiple precincts may
cast their ballots (i.e., voters may vote at a location that is not their assigned location based
on their voter registration address).
o
o
o
o

Yes, during early voting only
Yes, on Election Day only
Yes, both during early voting and on Election Day
No

If Q35 = No, skip to Q36
If Q35 = Yes, proceed to Q35a

Q35a. Which of the following best describes the way vote centers operate in your state?
o Our state requires the use of vote centers statewide.
o Our state has vote centers, but only in jurisdictions that meet specific requirements.
o Our state has vote centers, but jurisdictions have the option not to implement vote
centers.

Q36. Will your state, or any jurisdiction in your state, use poll workers to assist with in-person
voting for the November 2024 general election?
Note: A poll worker is an official who is responsible for proper and orderly voting at a polling
location (such as a polling place or an election office where voters can cast ballots). Poll
workers perform duties that may include verifying the identities of voters; assisting voters
with signing the register, affidavits, or other documents required to cast a ballot; providing
voters with ballots or setting up voting machines for voters; and other functions as dictated
by state law. Poll workers do not include observers stationed at polling places, regular office
staff who do not serve poll worker functions in an election, or temporary office staff not hired
specifically to serve voters in either early or Election Day voting. Some states may use a
different term for poll workers, such as election judges, booth workers, wardens,
commissioners, or other similar terms.
o Yes
o No
If Q36 = No, skip to Q37
If Q36 = Yes, proceed to Q36a

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Q36a. Is the poll worker training curriculum developed at the state level or by local election
offices?
o State level
o Local election offices
o Other (please describe):
Q36b. How often must returning poll workers undergo training?
o
o
o
o
o

Varies by jurisdiction
At least once for every election they assist with
At least once every calendar year
At least once every 2-year election cycle
Other (please specify):

Q36c. What topics will poll worker training cover for the 2024 general election? (Select all
that apply.)
□ Varies by jurisdiction
□ Operation of voting equipment (e.g., direct recording electronic machines, ballot
marking devices, scanners) and how to assist voters with using the voting equipment
□ Procedures for opening and/or closing the polling place
□ Voter check-in procedures
□ Using electronic poll books
□ Assisting voters with disabilities
□ Issuing provisional ballots
□ Assisting voters who speak languages other than English
□ Administering vote centers (if used in your state)
□ Other (please specify):
Q36d. Will poll worker training be offered in person?
o
o
o
o

Varies by jurisdiction
Yes, in-person training is required.
In-person training is recommended but not required.
No, in-person training is not required.

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Q37. Will curbside voting be offered in your state for the 2024 general election? Curbside
voting allows voters who are physically unable to enter their polling place to cast their ballot
in-person outside the polling place or voting location. Typically, election workers will bring
the voter a poll book to sign, a ballot, and any other voting materials needed to cast a ballot
privately and independently.
o Yes
o No
If Q37 = No, skip to Q38
If Q37 = Yes, proceed to Q37a

Q37a. Which of the following best describes the way curbside voting operates in your state?
o Curbside voting will be offered at all polling places.
o Curbside voting will be offered at select polling places.
o Other (please describe):

Q37b. Which categories of voters may participate in curbside voting? (Select all that apply.)
□
□
□
□

Voters with a disability or injury
Voters with an illness
Voters older than a certain age
Other (please describe):

UOCAVA Voting
Q38. How does your state determine which voters are registered and eligible UOCAVA voters
for purposes of reporting in Section B of the EAVS? (Select all that apply.)
□ Voter has an active FPCA on file.
□ Voter has an overseas registration or mailing address on their registration record.
□ Voter has an Army/Air Post Office (APO)/Fleet Post Office (FPO)/Diplomatic Post
Office (DPO) address on their registration record.
□ Voter submitted a FWAB in a previous election.
□ Other (please specify):

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Q39. How long does a UOCAVA voter in your state keep their UOCAVA designation?
o Until the voter is no longer eligible to receive an absentee ballot according to their
FPCA
o ____ calendar years
o ____ general elections
o Until the voter updates their registration record or notifies the election office
o Indefinitely

Q40. When a UOCAVA voter submits an FPCA, for how long does the voter remain eligible to
receive an absentee ballot?
o
o
o
o
o

_____ months
_____ calendar years
_____ general elections
Until the voter moves (notified via postal service or voter)
Other (please describe):

Q41. By which of the following methods does your state transmit (or send) blank UOCAVA
ballots to UOCAVA voters? (Select all that apply.)
□
□
□
□
□

Postal mail
Email
Fax
Online via a ballot delivery portal
Other (please specify):

Q42. By which of the following methods does your state allow UOCAVA voters to return their
voted UOCAVA ballots? (Select all that apply.)
□
□
□
□
□

Postal mail
Email
Fax
Online via a ballot delivery portal
Other (please specify):

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Q43. What is the deadline for a domestic military UOCAVA voter to return a mail ballot?
Note: If your applicable law or practice sets these deadlines as a certain number of days
before or after the election, that information should be reported as the calendar date on
which the deadline falls for the 2024 general election. If your state requires ballots to be
postmarked or to be received by a certain time, specify that information in the Comments
box.
Postmark deadline: _____/______/________ (MM/DD/YYYY)
Ballot receipt deadline: _____/______/________ (MM/DD/YYYY)
Q43 Comments:

Q44. What is the deadline for an overseas UOCAVA voter to return a mail ballot?
Note: If your applicable law or practice sets these deadlines as a certain number of days
before or after the election, that information should be reported as the calendar date on
which the deadline falls for the 2024 general election. If your state requires ballots to be
postmarked or to be received by a certain time, specify that information in the Comments
box.
Postmark deadline: _____/______/________ (MM/DD/YYYY)
Ballot receipt deadline: _____/______/________ (MM/DD/YYYY)
Q44 Comments:

Q45. Do the postmark requirements for the UOCAVA ballots differ from the requirements for
the mail ballots from domestic civilian voters, as specified in Q31?
o No
o Yes (please describe):

Provisional Voting
Q46. Does your state use provisional ballots?
o Yes
o No
If Q46 = No, skip to Q47
If Q46 = Yes, proceed to Q46a
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Q46a. Under what circumstances does your state use provisional ballots? (Select all that
apply.)
□
□
□
□
□
□
□
□
□
□

A voter’s name does not appear on the list of eligible voters.
A voter does not have proper identification (as defined by state law).
An election official asserts that an individual is not eligible to vote.
Another person (not an election official) challenges a voter’s qualifications, and the
poll worker is not able to resolve the challenge.
A voter is not a resident of the precinct in which they are attempting to vote.
A voter has changed their name or address (within the election jurisdiction) but has
not updated their voter registration to reflect the new information.
A voter was issued a mail ballot, chooses to vote in person instead, and does not
have the mail ballot to surrender to poll workers.
A federal or state judge extends the polling place hours in a federal election.
An individual registers to vote on the same day they cast a ballot in person.
Other (please describe):

Q46b. What is the deadline for adjudicating provisional ballots cast in the November 2024
general election?
o Specific date: _____/______/________ (MM/DD/YYYY)
o ____ business days after Election Day
o ____ calendar days after Election Day

Q46c. In the November 2024 general election, how will your state treat a provisional ballot if
the ballot is cast in the wrong precinct by a voter?
o Fully count the entire ballot
o Partially count the ballot (e.g., only count the items on the ballot for which the voter
would have been eligible had they voted in the correct precinct)
o Reject the entire ballot

Q46d. Who in your state is responsible for reviewing provisional ballot information to
determine if the provisional ballots are eligible to be counted?
o
o
o
o

A single election official
More than one election official
An elected or appointed group (e.g., Board of Canvassers, Board of Elections)
Other (please describe):

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Q46e. Does the person or entity that ultimately verifies/certifies the eligibility of the
provisional ballots differ from the person or entity that reviews the provisional ballots to
determine if they are eligible to be counted?
o No
o Yes (please explain):
Election Certification, Recounts, and Audits
Q47. What is the deadline for your state’s election authorities to certify the final results of
the November 2024 federal general election?
If your state law dictates that certification must happen a certain number of days after the
election, that information should be reported as the calendar date on which the deadline
falls for the 2024 general election.
If there are special circumstances that are an exception (e.g., the date is tentative, the date
may be delayed if a recount is necessary or a certain condition is met, the election will be
automatically certified if no contestations are filed by a certain date), these should be
described in the Comments box.
Separate deadlines for certifying elections for state or local office do not need to be reported
here; this question only collects information on the certification of federal elections by state
election authorities.
_____/______/________ (MM/DD/YYYY)
Q47 Comments:

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Recounts

Q48. An election recount is a repeat tabulation of all votes cast in an election that is used to
determine the correctness of an initial count. For the November 2024 general election,
which of the following describes a reason a jurisdiction in your state may conduct a postelection recount of ballots? (Select all that apply.)
Additional context for your answers should be provided in the Comments box (e.g., if
recounts are triggered automatically in some circumstances, if the reasons for recounting
differ based on the office or on whether the contest is a ballot measure).
□ Recounts are conducted automatically if the results are within a certain margin (e.g.,
the top two candidates are within 1 percentage point).
□ An affected candidate or party may request a recount for any reason.
□ An affected candidate or party may request a recount only if the results are within a
certain margin (e.g., the top two candidates are within 1 percentage point).
□ Another person or group not affiliated with an affected candidate or party may
request a recount. (please describe):
□ A court orders a recount to be conducted.
□ An election authority, such as a state or county board of elections or the secretary of
state, determines that a recount is warranted. (please describe):
□ Other (please describe):
Q48 Comments:

Q48a. How will recounts be conducted? (Select all that apply.)
□ Manual recount of paper ballots or voter-verified paper audit trails (VVPAT)
□ Machine recount of paper ballots or VVPAT (e.g., using a ballot scanner or other ballot
tabulation device)
□ Other (please describe):
Q48a Comments:

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Audits

Q49. For the November 2024 general election, which of the following auditing activities may
be conducted in your state, either before or after the election? (Select all that apply.)
□ Access audit: An assessment of whether legal procedures were followed to ensure
the election’s accessibility to voters with disabilities, or an assessment of whether
polling places and voting locations met the accessibility requirements.
□ Automated independent ballot audit: An audit that recounts all paper ballots through
a different tabulation system to confirm the accuracy of the election results. This
audit method provides a visualization of each ballot.
□ Ballot design audit: An assessment of the usability of the ballot(s) in an election,
often focusing particularly on voters with disabilities or voters who use ballots in
languages other than English.
□ Ballot reconciliation audit: A comparison of the published election results with the
number of voters who signed poll books during in-person voting or whose mail ballot
envelopes were checked in.
□ Compliance audit or procedural audit: An audit that examines whether the
established processes and procedures were followed throughout the election.
□ Eligibility audit: A process to verify that the ballots that were counted were legally
cast.
□ Legal audit: An assessment of whether the election practices comply with all
applicable federal, state, and local laws.
□ Logic and accuracy testing: A test to examine whether the voting machines are
tabulating votes correctly before vote tabulation begins, usually by creating a test
deck of ballots and running them through the machines.
□ Post-election tabulation audit: A sample of ballots are selected and re-tabulated, and
the results are compared to the originally reported vote totals.
□ Risk-limiting audit: A procedure for checking a sample of ballots (or voter verifiable
records) that provides a prespecified statistical chance of correcting the reported
outcome of an election if the reported outcome is wrong (that is, if a full hand count
would reveal an outcome different from the reported outcome).
□ Other (please describe):
If Q49 = Post-election tabulation audit, proceed to Q49a
If Q49 ≠ Post-election tabulation audit, skip to Q50

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Q49a. Will post-election tabulation audits be required in your state for the November 2024
general election? (Select all that apply.)
□ Yes, post-election tabulation audits are required by statute.
□ Yes, post-election tabulation audits are required by a formal administrative rule or
guidance.
□ No, post-election tabulation audits are optional.
□ Other (please describe):
If Q49a = No, skip to Q50
If Q49a = Yes or Other, proceed to Q49b

Q49b. What type of post-election tabulation audit will be required in your state for the
November 2024 general election? (Select all that apply.)
□ Traditional manual tabulation audit: Records from a fixed number or percentage of
randomly selected voting districts or voting machines are manually counted and
compared to the originally reported vote totals.
□ Traditional machine tabulation audit: Records from a fixed number or percentage of
randomly selected voting districts or voting machines are machine counted and
compared to the originally reported vote totals.
□ Risk-limiting tabulation audit: A procedure for checking a sample of ballots (or voter
verifiable records) that provides a prespecified statistical chance of correcting the
reported outcome of an election if the reported outcome is wrong (that is, if a full
hand count would reveal an outcome different from the reported outcome).
□ Other (please describe):
Voter Identification
Q50. For the 2024 general election, will voters (not including those who are first-time voters)
be required to show an acceptable identification in order to cast a ballot in person?
o Yes
o No
Q50 Comments:

If Q50 = Yes, proceed to Q50a
If Q50 = No, skip to Q51
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Q50a. Is photo identification required for voters to establish their identity for in-person
voting?
o Yes
o No

Q50b. What happens if a person does not have acceptable identification at the polling site?
(Select all that apply.)
□ The voter can cast a provisional ballot.
□ The voter can have another person formally vouch for the voter’s identity. (please
describe):
□ The voter can sign an affidavit affirming their identity, with no other action required
for the voter to cast their ballot.
□ The voter must return at a later time to present appropriate identification to the
election officials before their ballot can be counted.
If Q50b = The voter must return at a later time, proceed to Q50c
If Q50b = Any other option, skip to Q51

Q50c. What is the deadline by which the voter must present the appropriate identification to
election officials to verify their identity and to have their provisional ballot accepted and
counted?
_____/______/________ (MM/DD/YYYY)

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Criminal Convictions and Voting
Q51. Which of the following best describes the populations in your state whose ability to
vote may be affected due to criminal conviction and/or incarceration? (Select all that apply.)
□ Individuals who are convicted of any felony
□ Individuals who are convicted of certain felonies
□ Individuals who are convicted of other crimes that are not felonies (please describe):
□ Individuals who are incarcerated
□ Other (please describe):
□ No one; criminal convictions do not limit a person’s right to vote.
Q51 Comments:

If Q51 = No one, skip to Q52
If Q51 = Any individual, proceed to Q51a

Q51a. How long are voting rights affected for an individual in one of the populations you
selected in Q51? (Select all that apply.)
□
□
□
□
□

During the period of incarceration
During any period of probation and parole
During any additional time (such as a statutorily mandated waiting period)
Until the payment of outstanding fines, restitution, or penalties
Other (please describe):

Q51b. While the voting rights of a person in one of the populations specified in Q51 are
affected, what happens to their registration record in your state’s voter registration
database?
o Their registration record is removed from the database.
o Their registration record is inactivated or canceled, which prevents the person from
voting, but the record is retained in the database.
o A hold or suspension is placed on the record, which prevents the person from voting.
o Other (please describe):

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Q51c. What is required for a person to become an eligible voter again after their voting
rights were affected due to criminal conviction and/or incarceration? (Select all that apply.)
□ A person’s previous registration is restored with no further action required by the
voter.
□ A person is immediately eligible and must re-register to vote through the same
registration process as the general public.
□ A person must present documentation during the registration process showing that
they have completed the requirements for registering to vote.
□ A person must have their voting rights restored by the state through a formal
administrative process (e.g., gubernatorial restoration or action by the state pardons
and paroles board).
□ Other (please describe):

Election Security
Q52. Have state or local election offices in your state instituted security policies (e.g.,
personal safety, cybersecurity) to ensure the safety of employees working in those offices?
o Yes
o No
Q52 Comments:

END OF SURVEY
THANK YOU FOR RESPONDING TO THIS SURVEY

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