Marine Mammal Deterrents Survey

9/28/23, 1:41 PM

Marine Mammal Deterrents Survey

Marine Mammal Deterrents Survey
The purpose of this survey is to gather your knowledge and perceptions about the nature of
marine mammal interactions and use of deterrents currently employed by aquaculture
farmers, commercial, recreational, and tribal fishermen, and property owners. We will use the
data to create an index that will identify where the biggest problems are likely to be
occurring. This index will then help NOAA Fisheries identify and prioritize those deterrents
that should be tested for effectiveness. Your responses will be anonymous and will be kept
confidential. Your participation is completely voluntary. Feel free to skip any questions you
do not want to answer. Your responses are important and extremely valuable. To proceed,
please click the "I agree" button.
* Indicates required question

1.

I agree to take the survey *
Mark only one oval.
Yes
No

Sector
In the question below, you can only check one box. If you are a member of multiple sectors,
please take one survey for each sector in which you partake. After submitting the survey, it
will ask if you wish to respond again. Please click on the link so that you can take the survey
as a member of a different sector.

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2.

Marine Mammal Deterrents Survey

Please identify your sector - check only one *
Mark only one oval.
Commercial fishing

Skip to question 3

Recreational fishing

Skip to question 3

Treaty/Tribal fishing

Skip to question 3

Aquaculture

Skip to question 38

Docks and other waterfront property owner or state/local governments that manage
waterfront property
Skip to question 56
Skip to question 3

Fisheries 1
If you checked either commercial, recreational, or treaty/tribal fishing above

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3.

Marine Mammal Deterrents Survey

In what Region do you fish (check all that apply)?

Check all that apply.

New England/Northeast
Mid-Atlantic
South Atlantic
Caribbean
Gulf of Mexico
Pacific
North Pacific/Alaska
Western Pacific/Pacific Islands

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4.

Marine Mammal Deterrents Survey

What gear(s) do you regularly use (check all that apply)?
Check all that apply.

Rod/reel (includes bandits)
Handlines and/or hand-operated pole and line
Trolling hook and line
Bottom longline
Drifting longline
Bottom trawl
Midwater or surface trawl
Traps/pots
Dredge
Purse seine or encircling net
Gillnet
Other nets
Other:

5.

Where do you fish from (check all)?
Check all that apply.

Boat
Dock/pier/wharf
Shore
Other:

6.

Do you use bait?
Mark only one oval.
Yes
No

Skip to question 8

Bait type

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7.

Marine Mammal Deterrents Survey

If yes, what types of bait (check all that apply)
Check all that apply.

artificial (e.g., lures)
natural (e.g., squid, fish, crustaceans, poultry)
Other:

Marine Mammal Encounters - Fishing

8.

Have you had any encounters with marine mammals (e.g., bycatch/entanglement, *
depredation, close proximity, etc.)?
Mark only one oval.
Yes
No

Marine Mammal Encounters - Fishing cont'd

9.

If yes, how frequently?
Mark only one oval.
Often
Sometimes
Rarely

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10.

Marine Mammal Deterrents Survey

If yes, what types of marine mammals do you interact with (check all that apply)?
Check all that apply.

pinnipeds (seals and/or sea lions)
toothed whales (e.g., dolphins, porpoises, killer whales, pilot whales, sperm whales)
baleen whales (e.g., gray whales, humpback whales, right whales)
Don't know
Other:

11.

If you know the species (e.g., California sea lion, bottlenose dolphin, harbor
porpoise, harbor seal), please list. Otherwise, please click next.

12.

In what seasons do you encounter marine mammals (check all that apply)
Check all that apply.

Winter (Dec.-Feb.)
Spring (Mar.-May)
Summer (Jun.-Aug.)
Fall (Sep.-Nov.)

13.

Do you lose bait during these interactions?
Mark only one oval.
Yes
No

Skip to question 14
Skip to question 15

Bait loss due to marine mammal encounters

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Marine Mammal Deterrents Survey

14.

Please estimate how much bait is lost during the season(s)
Mark only one oval.
All
Most
Half
Not much
Don’t know
Other:

Loss of target catch

15.

Is your target catch lost during these encounters?
Mark only one oval.
Yes
No

Skip to question 16
Skip to question 17

Estimate of loss of target catch

16.

Please estimate how much target catch is lost during the season(s)
Mark only one oval.
All
Most
Half
Not much
Don’t know
Other:

Skip to question 17

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Marine Mammal Deterrents Survey

Damage to target catch

17.

Is your target catch damaged during these encounters?
Mark only one oval.
Yes
No

Skip to question 18
Skip to question 19

Amount of damage to target catch

18.

Please estimate how much target catch is damaged during the season(s)
Mark only one oval.
All
Most
Half
Not much
Don’t know
Other:

Lost or damaged gear and time

19.

Have you lost gear during these encounters?
Mark only one oval.
Yes
No

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20.

Marine Mammal Deterrents Survey

Has your gear been damaged during these encounters?
Mark only one oval.
Yes
No

21.

Do you lose time fishing when dealing with these encounters?
Mark only one oval.
Yes
No

Skip to question 25

Lost time

22.

Approximately how much time per trip do you lose in dealing with marine mammal
encounters?
Mark only one oval.
Most of the time
Sometimes
Rarely

23.

How are you impacted (check all that apply)?
Check all that apply.

Need to pull gear and change location
Additional fuel costs
Gear destruction
Gear modification
Other:

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24.

Marine Mammal Deterrents Survey

Please describe the economic or cultural loss (optional)

Deterrents

25.

Have you tried to deter or reduce encounters with marine mammals?
Mark only one oval.
Yes
No

Skip to question 26
Skip to question 29

Deterrence methods

26.

Please describe devices or methods you’ve used

27.

Have those deterrents been successful at reducing marine mammal interactions
with your gear, equipment, or property?
Mark only one oval.
Yes
No

Skip to question 28
Skip to question 29

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Marine Mammal Deterrents Survey

Effectiveness of deterrents

28.

Please estimate effectiveness
Mark only one oval.
Very effective
Moderately effective
Rarely effective
Don’t know
Other:

Gear modification

29.

Have you modified your gear to reduce interactions with marine mammals (for
fishing only, otherwise please answer NO)?
Mark only one oval.
Yes
No

Skip to question 33

Gear modifications

30.

Please describe devices or methods you’ve used for fishing only, otherwise please
skip)?

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31.

Marine Mammal Deterrents Survey

Have those gear modifications  been successful at reducing negative marine
mammal interactions with your gear (for fishing only, otherwise please skip)??
Mark only one oval.
Yes
No

Skip to question 32
Skip to question 33

Effectiveness of gear modifications

32.

Please estimate effectiveness at reducing the number or frequency of encounters
(for fishing only, otherwise please skip)?
Mark only one oval.
Very effective
Moderately effective
Rarely effective
Don’t know
Other:

New ideas

33.

Do you have ideas for gear modification or deterrents to safely and effectively
reduce marine mammal interactions with your gear/property?
Mark only one oval.
Yes
No

Skip to question 37

New ideas details

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Marine Mammal Deterrents Survey

34.

Please describe your ideas

35.

What would be the estimated cost to implement these new methods?

36.

Would you be willing to test out new deterrents to test their efficacy?
Mark only one oval.
Yes
No
Maybe

Follow-up

37.

Can we follow up with you?  
Mark only one oval.
Yes

Skip to question 65

No

Skip to question 65

Aquaculture

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38.

Marine Mammal Deterrents Survey

In what NMFS Region do you operate your farm (check all that apply)?

Check all that apply.

New England/Northeast
Mid-Atlantic
South Atlantic
Caribbean
Gulf of Mexico
Pacific/West Coast
North Pacific/Alaska
Western Pacific/Pacific Islands

39.

What type of system do you use (check all that apply)?
Check all that apply.

Inshore (State waters) net pens - surface water
Inshore (State waters) net pens - submerged
Raft systems (nearshore) - surface to mid-water
Inshore (state waters) cages
Ponds or raceways connected to estuaries or rivers
Ropes (seaweed/bivalves) - longlines
Bottom culture (state waters)
Other:

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40.

Marine Mammal Deterrents Survey

In what depth of water does your farm operate?
Mark only one oval.
Intertidal
0-10 feet
10-30 feet
30-90 feet
>90 feet

41.

How long is your structure in the water?
Mark only one oval.
Seasonal
Year-round
Other:

42.

What is the duration of your permit?
Mark only one oval.
1 year or less
2 to 5 years
> 5 years
Prefer not to answer

43.

Have you or your operation had any encounters with marine mammals? *
Mark only one oval.
Yes
No

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Marine Mammal Deterrents Survey

Marine Mammal Encounters - Aquaculture

44.

 How frequently are these interactions?
Mark only one oval.
Often
Sometimes
Rarely

45.

What types of marine mammals interact with your equipment (check all that apply)?
Check all that apply.

pinnipeds (seals and/or sea lions)
toothed whales (e.g., dolphins, porpoises, killer whales, pilot whales, sperm whales)
baleen whales (e.g., gray whales, humpback whales, right whales)
Don’t know
Other:

46.

If you know the species (e.g., California sea lion, bottlenose dolphin, harbor
porpoise, harbor seal), please list

47.

In what seasons do you encounter marine mammals (check all that apply)
Check all that apply.

Winter (Dec.-Feb.)
Spring (Mar.-May)
Summer (Jun.-Aug.)
Fall (Sep.-Nov.)

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48.

Marine Mammal Deterrents Survey

Do you lose product during these interactions?
Mark only one oval.
Yes
No

Skip to question 50

Loss of product

49.

Please estimate how much of your product is lost
Mark only one oval.
All
Most
Half
Not much
Don’t know
Other:

Damage of product

50.

Is your product damaged during these encounters?
Mark only one oval.
Yes
No

Skip to question 51
Skip to question 52

Extent of damage

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51.

Marine Mammal Deterrents Survey

Please estimate how much product is damaged
Mark only one oval.
All
Most
Half
Not much
Don’t know
Other:

Damage to gear or facility

52.

Is your facility/gear damaged during  these encounters?
Mark only one oval.
Yes
No

Skip to question 25

Loss of time

53.

Approximately how much production time do you lose in dealing with marine
mammal encounters?
Mark only one oval.
All
Most
Half
Not much
Don’t know
Other:

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54.

Marine Mammal Deterrents Survey

How are you impacted (check all that apply)?
Check all that apply.

Need to pull equipment and change location
Equipment destruction
Equipment modification/repair
Other:

55.

Approximately how much ($) has the damage been per year?

Skip to question 25

Property

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56.

Marine Mammal Deterrents Survey

In what NMFS Region do you operate (check all that apply)?

Check all that apply.

New England/Northeast
Mid-Atlantic
South Atlantic
Caribbean
Gulf of Mexico
Pacific/West Coast
North Pacific/Alaska
Western Pacific/Pacific Islands

57.

What type of property (personal or commercial; check all that apply)?
Check all that apply.

Dock
Harbor/marina
Beach/Shoreline
Boat
Processing facility
Floating residence

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58.

Marine Mammal Deterrents Survey

Has your property (other than fishing gear) been damaged due to marine
mammals?

*

Mark only one oval.
Yes
No

Types of marine mammals

59.

What types of marine mammals interact with your property (check all that apply)?
Check all that apply.

pinnipeds (seals and/or sea lions)
toothed whales (e.g., dolphins, porpoises, killer whales, pilot whales, sperm whales)
baleen whales (e.g., gray whales, humpback whales, right whales)
If you know the species (e.g., California sea lion, bottlenose dolphin, harbor
Don’t know
Other:

60.

If you know the species (e.g., California sea lion, bottlenose dolphin, harbor
porpoise, harbor seal), please list

Marine mammal impacts to property

61.

In what seasons do you encounter marine mammals (check all that apply)
Check all that apply.

Winter (Dec.-Feb.)
Spring (Mar.-May)
Summer (Jun-Aug)
Fall (Sep.-Nov.)

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Marine Mammal Deterrents Survey

Estimate of property damage

62.

Please estimate how much of your property is damaged
Mark only one oval.
All
Most
Half
Not much

63.

Approximately how much ($) has the damage been per year?

64.

Please describe the nature of the damage

Skip to question 37

Contact info.

65.

Please provide contact information

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Marine Mammal Deterrents Survey

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