Instrument 5 Baseline Teacher Survey - with COVID questions CLEAN

VIQI Baseline Teacher/Assistant Teacher Survey

June 2021

BASELINE TEACHER SURVEY

1. Introduction

Thank you for participating in the Variations in Implementation of Quality Interventions (VIQI) Project! As part of this study, we would like you to answer some questions about yourself and your experiences as a teacher in early care and education centers. This information is crucial to helping us understand the impacts of early care and education centers on children.

Your participation is completely voluntary, and you may skip any questions you do not wish to answer. You may stop the survey at any time. Your responses to these questions will be kept private to the extent permitted by law and will not be shared with your supervisor or other staff. There are no direct benefits to you for participating. Participation does not involve any risks other than what you would encounter in daily life. There is a small risk that your information could be lost, stolen, or misused, even though we follow strict rules to protect your information.  The study team will follow strict procedures to protect your responses, and your responses will only be used for research and program improvement purposes. Your responses will be stored in password protected computer files and in locked research facilities. The data will be used only by the research team and other researchers bound by the same security requirements described here. We also may share de-identified responses with researchers looking at other education research topics who agree that they will protect your information.

Please complete this questionnaire within the next [X] days. Once complete, please send it back to [CONTACT INFO]. It will take approximately 50 minutes in total to complete. If you have any questions, please contact your project liaison at [PHONE] or [email].

Thank you!

An agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required to respond to, a collection of information unless it displays a currently valid OMB control number. The OMB number for this information collection is 0970-0508 and the expiration date is XX/XX/XXXX. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden to [Contractor Contact Name]; [Contractor Contact Address].

2. Demographic Information

		/			/	2021
M	M		D	D

1. Today’s Date:

2. In what year were you born?

   	Y	Y	Y	Y

3. What is your sex?

□1	Female
□2	Male

4. What is your Ethnicity?

SELECT ONE.

□1	Hispanic or Latino
□2	Not Hispanic or Latino

5. What is your Race?

SELECT ONE OR MORE.

1	American Indian or Alaska Native
2	Asian
3	Black or African American
4	Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
5	White

6. What languages do you speak fluently and what languages do you regularly speak in your classroom?

CHOOSE ALL THAT APPLY.

	I speak fluently	I regularly speak this language in my classroom
English	£1	£7
Spanish	£2	£8
Haitian Creole	£3	£9
Mandarin	£4	£10
Portuguese	£5	£11
[INSERT ADDITIONAL OPTIONS FOR MOST COMMON LANGUAGES IN LOCALITIES WHERE VIQI WILL BE CONDUCTED]	£6	£12

3. PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE

7. What is your current position at your center?

SELECT ONE RESPONSE OPTION THAT BEST DESCRIBES YOUR CURRENT POSITION.

□1	Teacher (a position that has primary responsibility of providing instruction and supervision of children in a classroom)
□2	Assistant teacher (assistant teacher, paraprofessional, or aide that works under the supervision of a teacher to give additional attention, support and instruction to children in a classroom)
□3	Other

8. Indicate the total number of years that you have worked in the positions listed below, counting this year.

How many years have you been a teacher?
□1	This is my first year	□5	11 to 15 years
□2	1 to 2 years	□6	16 to 20 years
□3	3 to 5 years	□7	More than 20 years
□4	6 to 10 years
How many years have you been a teacher for 3- and 4-year-olds?
□1	This is my first year	□5	11 to 15 years
□2	1 to 2 years	□6	16 to 20 years
□3	3 to 5 years	□7	More than 20 years
□4	6 to 10 years
How many years have you been a teacher at your current center?
□1	This is my first year	□5	11 to 15 years
□2	1 to 2 years	□6	16 to 20 years
□3	3 to 5 years	□7	More than 20 years
□4	6 to 10 years

9. What is the highest level of schooling you have completed?

CHOOSE ONE.

□1	Less than a High School Diploma/GED à SKIP TO 11
□2	High School Diploma/GED à SKIP TO 11
□3	Vocational or Technical Diploma à SKIP TO 11
□4	Some College but no Degree à SKIP TO 11
□5	Associate’s Degree
□6	Bachelor’s Degree
□7	Graduate or Professional School but no Degree
□8	Master’s Degree
□9	Education specialist or professional diploma based on at least one year of course work at a Master’s Degree level
□10	Doctorate
□11	Other

10. Indicate major field of study of your highest level degree.

CHOOSE ALL THAT APPLY.

1	Early childhood education	6	Curriculum and instruction
2	Elementary education	7	Bilingual/bicultural education
3	Special education	8	Other education-related major (such as educational psychology, education administration, music education, etc.)
4	Child development	9	Non-education major (such as history, English, etc.)
5	Reading specialist

11. What teaching credentials and licenses do you currently hold?

CHOOSE ALL THAT APPLY.

1	Child Development Associate (CDA) credential
2	State-awarded Preschool Certificate
3	State Department of Education Teaching License or Certificate in Early Childhood Education
4	State Department of Education Teaching License or Certificate in Elementary Education
5	State Department of Education Teaching License or Certificate in Another Area
6	None

12. Are you a salaried worker?

□1	Yes  GO TO 14, THEN 15
□2	No  GO TO 13, THEN 15

13. What is your hourly wage?

CHOOSE ONE.

□1	$8.99 or less an hour	□4	$17.00 – $20.99 an hour
□2	$9.00 – $12.99 an hour	□5	$21.00 or more an hour
□3	$13.00 – $16.99 an hour

14. What is your annual salary (before taxes) as a teacher for this [year], not including bonuses?

CHOOSE ONE.

□1	Less than $20,000	□6	$60,001-$70,000
□2	$20,001-$30,000	□7	$70,001-$80,000
□3	$30,001-$40,000	□8	$80,001-$90,000
□4	$40,001-$50,000	□9	$90,001-$100,000
□5	$50,001-$60,000	□10	More than $100,000

15. Do you get overtime pay for your current position as a teacher?

□1	Yes
□2	No

16. How many hours are you regularly scheduled to work per week as a teacher for this [year]?

CHOOSE ONE.

□1	Less than 10 hours	□7	36-40 hours
□2	10-15 hours	□8	41-45 hours
□3	16-20 hours	□9	46-50 hours
□4	21-25 hours	□10	51-55 hours
□5	26-30 hours	□11	56-60 hours
□6	31-35 hours	□12	More than 60 hours

17. Which option best describes how many days you are regularly scheduled to work this year (2021-2022) as a teacher?

CHOOSE ONE.

□1	I work as a teacher year-round (January through December)
□2	I work as a teacher during the “school year” only*
*Consider “school year” to be the typical months that public schools in your area are open.

4. Your Classroom

18. As of today, how many children are enrolled in your classroom?

CHOOSE ONE.

□1	1	□7	8	□14	14	□21	21
□2	2	□8	9	□15	15	□22	22
□3	3	□9	10	□16	16	□23	23
□4	4	□10	11	□17	17	□24	24
□5	5	□11	12	□18	18	□25	25
□6	6	□12	13	□19	19	□26	More than 25
□7	7	□13	13	□20	20

19. How does this number compare to the number of children enrolled in your classroom before the COVID-19 pandemic (e.g., prior to March 2020)?

CHOOSE ONE

□1	It is smaller
□2	It is larger
□3	It is about the same
□4	I did not work at this center
□5	I did not teach in a classroom serving 3s and 4s

20. What percentage of children are currently attending consistently?

CHOOSE ONE

□1	0
□2	1-25%
□3	26-50%
□4	51-75%
□5	76-100%

21. How does this compare to child attendance in your classroom last school year (e.g., August 2020 – June 2021)?

CHOOSE ONE

□1	Children are generally attending less often
□2	Children are generally attending more often
□3	Children are generally attending about the same
□4	Not sure

22. Below is a list of curricula that you may or may not have used with the children in your classroom last year. How often did you use each of the following curricula last school year (2020-2021)?

By curriculum, we mean a guiding framework that provides learning activities and experiences teachers can use to help children learn and grow.

CHOOSE ALL THAT APPLY.

Which of the following did you use last year…?

Never

At least once a week

Daily

1. The Creative Curriculum (Teaching Strategies)

2. High/Scope

3. Connect4Learning

4. Building Blocks math curriculum (McGraw-Hill)

5. DLM Early Childhood Express (McGraw-Hill)

6. Everyday Mathematics (McGraw-Hill)

7. Frog Street

8. Foundations (Wilson Language Training)

9. Handwriting without Tears

10. Let’s Begin with the Letter People (Abrams Learning Trends)

11. Number Worlds (McGraw-Hill)

12. Open Circle

13. Opening the World of Learning (OWL) (Pearson)

14. Preschool PATHS (Promoting Alternative Thinking Strategies) (Channing Bete Company)

15. Pyramid Model for Supporting Social Emotional Competence

16. Second Step

17. Tools of the Mind

18. Teacher- or center-created curriculum

19. Another published curriculum. Specify:

20. I don’t know what curriculum I used last year, or I don’t know if I used a curriculum

23. . Did you use Creative Curriculum last school year (e.g., 2020-2021)?

□₁ Yes □₀ No  SKIP TO 26

24. Which edition did you use?

CHOOSE ONE.

□₁ 6^th Edition

□₂ 5^th Edition

□₃ 1^st, 2^nd, 3^rd, or 4^th Edition

□₄ Don’t know

25. Which Creative Curriculum resources did you use?

CHOOSE ALL THAT APPLY.

₁ Volumes (e.g., The Foundation, Interest Areas, Literacy, Mathematics)

₂ Daily Resources (e.g., Teaching Guides, Intentional Teaching Cards, Book Discussion Cards, Mighty Minutes)

₃ Expanded Daily Resources (e.g., Simple Machines, Insects, Tubes and Tunnels)

₄ Don’t know

26. How much training have you received on the following curricula, whether it was through workshops, coaching, or other professional development prior to July 2021?

CHOOSE ONE ON EACH ROW.

	No training	Some training	A great deal of training
The Creative Curriculum (6th edition)	□1	□2	□3
The Creative Curriculum (5th edition)	□1	□2	□3
The Creative Curriculum (1st, 2nd, 3rd, or 4th editions)	□1	□2	□3
Building Blocks math curriculum	□1	□2	□3
Connect4Learning	□1	□2	□3
Preschool Pathways to Science (PrePS)	□1	□2	□3
Pyramid Model for Supporting Social Emotional Competence	□1	□2	□3

27. Think about what a typical week in your classroom looks like, during the current school year (2021-2022). How often do children in your classroom spend time in the following activities? Do not include meals, snacks, or outdoor time.

    	Never	Less than once a week	1-2 times a week	3-4 times a week	Daily
    Teacher-directed whole class activities (do not include read aloud)	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
    Teacher-directed read aloud	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
    Teacher-directed small group activities (about 2-8 children depending on class size)	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
    Teacher-directed activities with individual children	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
    Choice time or center activities	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5

28. Think about what a typical day in your classroom looks like, during the current school year (2021-2022). How much time do children in your classroom spend in the following activities? Do not include meals, snacks, or outdoor time.

    	No time	1-15 minutes a day	16-30 minutes a day	31-60 minutes a day	About two hours a day	Three hours or more a day
    Teacher-directed whole class activities (not including read aloud)	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5	□6
    Teacher-directed read aloud	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5	□6
    Teacher-directed small group activities (about 2-8 children depending on class size)	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5	□6
    Teacher-directed activities with individual children	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5	□6
    Choice time or center activities	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5	□6

29. Think about what a typical week in your classroom looks like, during the current school year (2021-2022). How often do children in your classroom usually work on lessons, activities, or projects in the following general topic areas, whether as a whole class, in small groups, or in individualized arrangements?

    	Never	Less than once a week	1-2 times a week	3-4 times a week	Daily
    Language and literacy	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
    Mathematics	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
    Social studies	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
    Science	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
    Music	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
    Art	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
    Dance/creative movement	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5

30. Think about what a typical day in your classroom looks like, during the current school year (2021-2022). How much time do children in your classroom spend in the following activities? Do not include meals, snacks, or outdoor time.

    	No time	1-15 minutes a day	16-30 minutes a day	31-60 minutes a day	61-90 minutes a day	More than 90 minutes a day
    Language and literacy	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5	□6
    Mathematics	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5	□6
    Social studies	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5	□6
    Science	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5	□6
    Music	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5	□6
    Art	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5	□6
    Dance/creative movement	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5	□6

31. Think about a typical day in your classroom CURRENTLY. On average, what percentage of your children do you feel are actively engaged in (on-task, participating in) the learning activities and instruction you provide?

□1	76-100%
□2	51-75%
□3	26-50%
□4	0-25%

32. At this point in the CURRENT school year, how would you rate the behavior of the children in your classroom?

□1	Group misbehaves very frequently and is almost always difficult to handle
□2	Group misbehaves frequently and is often difficult to handle
□3	Group misbehaves occasionally
□4	Group behaves well
□5	Group behaves exceptionally well

33. In general, how often are the following resources available in sufficient amounts and/or in good working order when you need it for your classroom?

CHOOSE ONE ON EACH ROW.

	Never	Sometimes	Often	I don’t use this	Don’t know
Children’s books, basal reader books (leveled books)	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
Manipulatives (e.g. blocks, puzzles)	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
Audiovisual equipment (e.g., DVD player, TV) and DVDs, videotapes or films	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
Computer equipment (e.g., computers, tablets)	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
Computer software (e.g., educational games)	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
Internet	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
Photocopier	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
Art materials, paints, clay	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
Science materials (e.g., magnifying glass, scales, thermometers)	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
Musical instruments and musical recordings	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
Materials for teaching DLL/ELL children	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
Materials for teaching children with disabilities	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
Heating and air conditioning	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
Classroom space	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
Outdoor space	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5

5. Professional Support and Training

34. How many days of formal training (such as workshops; in-service training; or seminars, classes and coursework taken to fulfill continuing education requirements or to pursue a degree or credential) did you attend last year (2020-2021) from the following providers?

.

Provider Type	No training	Less than half a day	One full day	Two full days	Three full days	More than three days
Staff at your center	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5	□6
Staff from the grantee agency, school district, or state or local resource and referral agency	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5	□6
A college or university supporting staff at your center	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5	□6
External institution or other training organization (e.g., professional association, resource and referral agency) supporting staff at your center	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5	□6
Curriculum author or publisher supporting staff at your center	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5	□6
Other	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5	□6

35. Which of the following topics covered were covered in any of your formal training(s) you reported above? (Do not include any coaching you may have received.)

CHOOSE ALL THAT APPLY.

1	Implementing a curriculum
2	Children’s language or literacy/reading development
3	Children’s mathematics development
4	Children’s scientific knowledge development
5	Teaching practices and/or classroom quality
6	Professional, state and national standards (e.g., Early Learning Guidelines; NAEYC; Curriculum Frameworks; Common Core; QRIS)
7	Using quality observational tools to improve classroom quality (e.g. CLASS or ECERS)
8	Conducting child assessments through observation, screening, and/or formal instruments
9	Supporting or fostering children’s social/emotional development
10	Behavior management
11	Family engagement
12	Supporting children with special needs in the classroom
13	Supporting English Language Learners (ELLs) or Dual Language Learners (DLLs)
14	Cultural competence for working with diverse populations
15	Organization and management (e.g., classroom routines and schedules)
16	Classroom set up and physical environment
17	Health and safety
18	None of the above

36. How many times did you attend a training in the past year (2020-2021) with at least one other teacher or assistant teacher from your classroom?

1	Never
2	Sometimes
£3	Often

37. How many times did you attend a training in the past year (2020-2021) that was conducted remotely via webinar, video conference (e.g., Zoom, WebEx), or online learning platforms?

1	Never (all trainings were conducted in person)
2	Sometimes (some trainings were conducted in person)
£3	Often (no trainings were conducted in person)

6. Coaching

38. How often did a coach visit your classroom or meet with you remotely last year (2020-2021)?

A coach is a professional who provides you with feedback and support to help improve what you do in your classroom. Do NOT include observations completed by your center director, other center administrator or supervisor, or master teacher.

CHOOSE ONE.

□1	Did not happen  SKIP TO SECTION G
□2	Once or twice
□3	Three to five times
□4	Once a month
□5	Twice a month
□6	Three or more times a month

39. What were the primary areas of focus of the coaching you received?

SELECT UP TO FIVE RESPONSE OPTIONS THAT APPLY TO PRIMARY FOCUS AREAS.

1	Implementing lessons or activities from a curriculum
2	Children’s language or literacy/reading development
3	Children’s mathematics development
4	Children’s scientific knowledge development
5	Teaching practices and/or classroom quality
6	Professional, state and national standards (e.g., Early Learning Guidelines; NAEYC; Curriculum Frameworks; Common Core; QRIS)
7	Using quality observational tools to improve classroom quality (e.g. CLASS or ECERS)
8	Conducting child assessments through observation, screening, and/or formal instruments
9	Supporting or fostering children’s social/emotional development
10	Behavior management
11	Family engagement
12	Supporting children with special needs in the classroom
13	Supporting English Language Learners (ELLs) or Dual Language Learners (DLLs)
14	Cultural competence for working with diverse populations
15	Organization and management (e.g. classroom routines and schedules)
16	Classroom set up and physical environment
17	Health and safety
18	None of the above

40. How many times did you attend a coaching session in the past year (2020-2021) that was conducted remotely (e.g. uploading videos for a coach to review and provide feedback, video conferencing observation and meeting with a coach)?

1	Never (all coaching sessions were conducted in person) [SKIP 41]
2	Sometimes (some coaching sessions were conducted in person) [GO TO 41]
£3	Often (no coaching sessions were conducted in person) [GO TO 41]

41. Did you experience any of the following challenges with remote coaching?

CHOOSE ALL THAT APPLY

1	Technology challenges – e.g., difficulties learning a new virtual coaching platform, having a stable wi-fi connection
2	More disruptions or distractions during coaching sessions
£3	Difficulty building rapport with your coach

7. Teaching and Learning

42. How confident or comfortable are you in your ability to promote the following?

How confident are you in your ability to promote the social-emotional development of the tree-and four-year olds in your classroom, such as their…

Choose ONE on each row.

	Not at all	Not really	Neutral	Somewhat	Completely
Self-concept and self-efficacy	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
Self-regulation	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
Social and emotional understanding	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
Empathy and caring	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
Relationships with others	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
Cooperation and responsibility	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5

43. How confident are you in your ability to promote the language and literacy learning of the three- and four-year-olds in your classroom and teach…

	Not at all	Not really	Neutral	Somewhat	Completely
Vocabulary and oral language	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
Letter knowledge	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
Print and text concepts	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
Phonological awareness (individual speech sounds)	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
Drawing or writing	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
Listening or reading comprehension	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5

44. How confident are you in your ability to promote the math learning of the three- and four-year-olds in your classroom and teach…

	Not at all	Not really	Neutral	Somewhat	Completely
Number sense and concepts	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
Number writing and recognition	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
Addition and subtraction	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
Making, copying or extending patterns	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
Measuring	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
Identifying, drawing, or constructing shapes	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
Comparing, contrasting or sorting objects by attributes or a rule	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5

45. How confident are you in your ability to promote the scientific knowledge of the three- and four-year-olds in your classroom and teach…

	Not at all	Not really	Neutral	Somewhat	Completely
Scientific thinking/scientific method	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
Earth and space	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
Living things	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
Physical properties	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5

46. Recognizing that some things in early care and education (ECE) centers are required by external sources, what are YOUR OWN PERSONAL BELIEFS about ECE centers?

Please select the number that most nearly represents YOUR BELIEFS about each item’s importance for ECE centers and for children ages 3 to 4. (1 = Strongly disagree; 5 = Strongly agree)

	Strongly disagree	Disagree	Neither agree nor disagree	Agree	Strongly agree
ECE classroom activities should be responsive to individual differences in development.	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
Each curriculum area should be taught as a separate subject at separate times.	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
Children should be allowed to select many of their own activities from a variety of learning areas that the teacher has prepared (writing, science center, etc.)	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
Children should be allowed to cut their own shapes, perform their own steps in an experiment, and plan their own creative drama, art, and writing activities.	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
Children should work silently and alone on seatwork.	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
Children in ECE classrooms should learn through active explorations.	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
ECE teachers should use treats, stickers, or stars to encourage appropriate behavior.	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
ECE teachers should use punishments or reprimands to encourage appropriate behavior.	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
Children should be involved in establishing rules for the classroom.	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
Children should be instructed in recognizing the single letters of the alphabet, isolated from words.	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
Children should learn to color within predefined lines.	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
Children should learn to form letters correctly on a printed page.	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
Children should dictate stories to the teacher.	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
Children should know their letter sounds before they learn to read.	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
Children should form letters correctly before they are allowed to create a story.	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
Source: Burts, Buchanan, Benedict, Broussard, Dunaway, Richardson & Sciaraffa, 2000; Charlesworth et al., 1993; FACES, 2006.

47. Please select the number that most nearly represents your agreement with each item. (1 = Strongly disagree; 6 = Strongly agree)

	Strongly Disagree	Moder-ately Disagree	Slightly Disagree	Slightly Agree	Moder-ately Agree	Strongly Agree
I integrate the cultural values and lifestyles of racial and ethnic minority groups into my teaching.	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5	□6
I plan many activities to celebrate diverse cultural practices in my classroom.	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5	□6
I plan school/center events to increase students’ knowledge about cultural experiences of various racial and ethnic groups	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5	□6
My curricula integrate topics and events from racial and ethnic minority populations	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5	□6
I make changes within the general school/ center environment so that racial and ethnic minority students will have an equal opportunity for success	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5	□6
I consult regularly with other teachers or administrators to help me understand multicultural issues related to instruction	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5	□6
I rarely examine the instructional materials I use in the classroom for racial and ethnic bias	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5	□6
I often include examples of the experiences and perspectives of racial and ethnic groups during my classroom lessons	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5	□6
I often promote diversity by the behaviors I exhibit	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5	□6
I establish strong, supportive relationships with racial and ethnic minority parents	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5	□6

Spanierman et al., 2011

8. Work Environment

The next set of questions asks about your work environment. Your responses will only be used for research and program improvement purposes.

48. Which describes your personal current work situation?

CHOOSE ALL THAT APPLY

□1	I am working remotely
□2	I am working physically at my center

49. As of today, which of the following learning opportunities are you providing to your class?

CHOOSE ALL THAT APPLY

□1	In-person learning
□2	Remote/virtual/online learning
□3	Distributing worksheets or packets of lessons/activities for parents to conduct with children
□4	Other – please specify: ______________________________________

50. How would you describe your current teaching responsibilities?

CHOOSE ONE

□1	I am responsible for planning and teaching children in a classroom
□2	I am teaching remotely, but am responsible for determining the curriculum/planning
□3	The center has planned and provided all activities and I am only responsible for distributing activities

51. Have you taken on new responsibilities since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic (e.g., March 2020)?

CHOOSE ALL THAT APPLY

□1	Yes, cleaning/sanitizing my classroom
□2	Yes, enforcing social distancing and mask wearing
□3	Yes, increased communication with parents
□4	Yes, interviewing new hires
□5	Yes, something else
□6	No à SKIP 52

52. How burdensome are these new responsibilities?

    □1	1: Not at all burdensome	□6	6
    □2	2	□7	7
    □3	3	□8	8
    □4	4	□9	9
    □5	5	□10	10: Extremely burdensome

53. In what ways are you currently interacting with the families of the children in your class?

CHOOSE ALL THAT APPLY

□1	In-person contact
□2	Virtual contact, such as an online chatroom, app, or email
□3	By updates on a center or classroom website
□4	Phone calls or texts
□5	Social media (e.g., Facebook, Instagram)

ORGANIZATIONAL CLIMATE

54. How strongly do you agree or disagree with the following statements?

	Strongly Disagree	Disagree	Neither Agree nor Disagree	Agree	Strongly Agree	Don’t Know
This center has worked with at least a few other local organizations (related non-profit organizations, other schools, universities, etc.) in the past.	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5	□6
Teachers/staff in this center generally believe that their director genuinely believes in the critical importance of the topics of the VIQI project (math, language/literacy, etc.).	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5	□6
This center collects and uses information to figure out what children need to learn best.	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5	□6
I think I have enough understanding or knowledge to work with my children on math activities.	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5	□6
I think I have enough understanding or knowledge to work with my children on language and literacy activities.	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5	□6
I seek out information about new teaching strategies that might help children in my classroom.	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5	□6
In this community, there are currently new initiatives, funding opportunities, and/or professional development experiences being offered on the topics of the VIQI project (quality improvement, math, language/ literacy, social-emotional learning, science).	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5	□6
In general, teachers in this center feel like their director is “on their side.”	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5	□6
Teachers in this center feel like the amount of stress in their job is manageable.	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5	□6
If I learned about an exciting new teaching practice, I feel confident that I could use it effectively in my own classroom.	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5	□6
When I was searching for this job, I only applied for teaching and teaching-related positions, not other types of jobs.	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5	□6
This center has strong relationships with other local organizations such as churches, nonprofits, etc.	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5	□6
Teachers in this center talk to each other for advice/support when faced with a difficult teaching situation.	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5	□6
If someone told me they had a new idea that might improve my teaching, I would ask them to tell me more about it.	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5	□6
People who observe me teaching would say I enjoy working with and teaching children.	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5	□6
Teachers in this center would say the director has a history of making decisions that are in the best interest of the children.	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5	□6
Teachers at this center are trying to meet specific goals for children’s development in the topics of the VIQI project (math, language/literacy, social-emotional learning, science).	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5	□6
Teachers at this center have positive memories of trying to learn a new teaching strategy or curriculum in the past.	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5	□6
People in this center decide how to improve their teaching based on what is going on in their classroom.	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5	□6
When I face a challenging situation in the classroom, I can usually figure out how to best deal with it.	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5	□6
This center provides support for teachers when they begin to feel overwhelmed.	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5	□6
In the past, the director in this center has effectively helped teachers improve their teaching.	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5	□6
I work hard at my job because it has a major impact on children’s development.	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5	□6
The schedule here allows time for teachers to talk to one another and exchange ideas.	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5	□6
Teachers in this center could name at least one teaching strategy or curriculum that was added in the past five years and is still being used well.	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5	□6
Source: Wanless, 2014

55. How likely are you to recommend [The Creative Curriculum/Connect4Learning/your current curriculum] to a colleague?

□1	1: Not at all likely	□6	6
□2	2	□7	7
□3	3	□8	8
□4	4	□9	9
□5	5	□10	10: Extremely likely

9. Teaching Domain-Specific Content

The items included in this section ask about your knowledge of teaching practices within the domains of: language and literacy, math, social-emotional, and science. You may not be familiar with all of the content in these sections. Answer the questions as best you can based on your knowledge and beliefs.

TEACHING LANGUAGE AND LITERACY

The next set of questions focus on knowledge and teacher practices in the area of language and literacy. You may not be familiar with all of the content in this section. We expect people will have different levels of familiarity with the questions being asked. We would like for you to answer the questions as best you can based on your knowledge and beliefs.

56. Carefully read each of the following multiple-choice questions. Choose only one answer from the choices provided to you for each question. If you are unsure of the right answer, please make your best guess.

1. During group time, Ms. Betty is about to read a book to her 5-year-olds. As she reads, she runs her finger along underneath the text. Why does she do this?

   □1	To help children connect sounds and letters.
   □2	To keep children’s attention.
   □3	To help children understand how print works.
   □4	To improve children’s letter knowledge.

2. Which of the following practices might best help children learn how letters are related to their letter names?

□1	Matching pictures and beginning sounds.
□2	Singing the alphabet song slowly and pointing to each letter.
□3	Asking children to spell the letters of their name.
□4	Saying the letters of the alphabet out of order.

3. All of the following instructional activities improve children's understanding of how we use print in daily activity EXCEPT:

□1	Creating a print-rich environment.
□2	Copying simple words.
□3	Writing a menu.
□4	Reading a recipe.

4. Which of the following practices might best help children learn how letters are related to their letter names?

□1	Asking children to plan, do, and review their free-choice activities.
□2	Expanding children’s responses, such as “You’d like to play in the kitchen and make pizza? And what kind of pizza would you like to make today?”
□3	Re-reading a favorite book.
□4	Encouraging children to respond to questions in complete sentences.

TEACHING LANGUAGE AND LITERACY CONTINUED

Carefully read each of the following multiple-choice questions. Choose only one answer from the choices provided to you for each question. If you are unsure of the right answer, please make your best guess.

4. Someone who engages children every day in play, discussions, conversations, and singing songs is likely to be providing which of the following?

   □1	Opportunities for recognizing the relationship between sounds and letters.
   □2	Experiences for children to learn and use new language rules.
   □3	Opportunities for oral language development.
   □4	Kinesthetic tactile experiences, such as physical activities.

5. Each of the following activities is helpful for promoting oral language development EXCEPT:

   □1	Naming letters.
   □2	Outdoor play.
   □3	Singing.
   □4	Free-choice time.

6. Which of the following activities best promotes vocabulary development?

   □1	Reading a story.
   □2	Writing.
   □3	Talking.
   □4	Watching television.

7. Which of the following best explains why developing phonemic awareness in English may be especially challenging for a child for whom English is a second language?

   □1	The sound system of the child’s first language may not use an alphabet.
   □2	Some languages may require attention only to whole words, not sounds in words.
   □3	Sometimes teachers may not articulate sounds clearly.
   □4	The sound structure of the child's first language may be different from English.

8. Which of the following practices best help preschoolers blend sounds in words?

□1	Identifying words that begin with the same sound.
□2	Distinguishing sounds in words.
□3	Stretching the sounds out in a word and putting them together.
□4	Hearing different sounds, and identifying the letters that correspond to those sounds.

j) All of the following are important ways to encourage preschooler's early writing EXCEPT:

□1	Encouraging correct spelling.
□2	Taking dictation for children unwilling to write.
□3	Displaying children's writing around the room.
□4	Having a designated writing area equipped with crayons, pencils, stencils, and several types of paper

k) Kyesha is a 4-year old preschooler with reading skills at the kindergarten level. What is the

best approach to take with Kyesha to create a supportive learning environment for her?

□1	Keep her involved in all group activities so her peers do not notice the difference in her ability.
□2	Encourage her parents to enroll her in kindergarten immediately.
□3	Make sure she has plenty of opportunities to interact with books on her own.
□4	Have her act as a tutor to other children who may show little interest in reading.

Source: Neumann, 2007

TEACHING SCIENCE

The next set of questions focus on the area of young children’s science education. We would like for you to answer the questions as best you can based on your knowledge.

57. Read the scenario below. As you read, think about the science you "see" happening in the scenario.    

The class is outside on the playground. Sasha is still finishing her popsicle. “It’s so sticky!” says Sasha as her popsicle melts down her hand. “It’s too hot out here! The sun’s making my popsicle melt!” she says. Before Sasha can eat it, the final piece of popsicle falls to the floor. She squats down to look at it and watch it melt. “It’s makin’ a lake,” she says. Ben comes to see what’s going on.

“No, it’s making a river, see” he points to a line of red syrup that’s running down the sidewalk.

“Rivers are big. That’s too small” says Sasha, pointing at the melted popsicle.

A line of ants crawls towards the melting popsicle.

“Look! The ants want to eat my popsicle!” Sasha says. “You can’t eat popsicles. That’s people food. You eat leaves,” she says to the ants.

“Maybe they like popsicles better” says Ben. “Let’s find out.” Ben pulls a leaf off of a nearby bush and places it next to the puddle of melted popsicle. “I think they are going to like the popsicle better,” he says. The children watch the ants. Some of them move toward the melted popsicle.

“Look!” Says Sasha, “one, two, three. Three ants are eating my popsicle. Nobody is eating the leaf!”

“I guess they like popsicles better,” says Ben.

Thunder rumbles in the distance. “Oh no! It’s going to rain!” says Ben, “maybe the ants can hide under the leaf to stay dry” he says as their teacher calls them to go inside.

1	States of matter	7	Making observations	13	Cause and effect
2	Asking questions	8	Patterns	14	Earth's features
3	Constructing explanations	9	Life science	15	Stability and change
4	Predicting	10	Experimenting	16	Ecosystems
5	Interpreting data	11	Scale, proportion, and quantity	17	Structure and function
6	Using math	12	Systems	18	Engineering
				19	Physical characteristics

Here is a list of science concepts. Choose all of the science concepts that you can "see" in the scenario. 

CHOOSE ALL THAT APPLY.

58. Read the following scenario. Refer to it to help you answer this group of questions. Choose the one option that best applies.

Mark uses a paper towel to clean up some water that spilled. “Look!” he says, “the paper is changing colors! It’s drinking the water!”

1. Which science practice can you identify in the scenario?

□1	Making observations
□2	Making predictions
□3	Experimenting
□4	Asking questions

2. Which science discipline can you identify in the scenario?

□1	Life science
□2	Physical science
□3	Earth and Space science
□4	Engineering

59. Read the following scenario. Refer to it to answer this group of questions. Choose the one option that best applies.

Mark's teacher wants to provoke him to engage in a scientific practice so that he can understand a specific crosscutting concept. Mark's teacher says, "I wonder if the plastic bag will change color too. What can you do to find out?"

1. What science practice is she trying to provoke Mark to engage in?

□1	Making observations
□2	Making predictions
□3	Experimenting
□4	Interpreting data

2. What crosscutting concept is she trying to get Mark to think about?

□1	Patterns
□2	Structure and function
□3	Systems
□4	Cause and effect

60. Read the following scenario. Refer to it to answer this group of questions. Choose the one option that best applies.

Amelia is in the block center. She is rolling marbles into a stack of blocks and watching them fall down. "I think this car will knock the block down too!" she says. 

1. Which science practice can you identify in the scenario?

□1	Asking questions
□2	Making predictions
□3	Experimenting
□4	Interpreting data

2. Which crosscutting concept can you identify in the scenario?

□1	Patterns
□2	Structure and function
□3	Systems
□4	Cause and effect

61. Read each scenario and answer the questions that follow. Choose the one option that best applies.

Santana drops two rocks down the slide. One is big and white, the other is smaller and dark grey. He does this several times. The large white rock always flies off the end of the slide and tumbles all the way to the playground gate. The smaller grey rock drops off the end of the slide and doesn't go any further. "The white rock always wins!" he says.

1. Which of the following could the teacher say to best help Santana understand the cause and effect relationship between the weight of the rock and the distance it travels?

□1	What do you notice about the weight of the rocks?
□2	Can we measure how far the rock went?
□3	Why do you think the big rock is heavier than the little one?
□4	I see you experimenting with the rocks. What happens when you go down the slide?

2. What can the teacher add to the classroom to provoke children to think about the structure and function of different materials?

□1	Adding an umbrella to dramatic play
□2	Adding rubber gloves and mittens to the water table
□3	Adding sponges to the science center
□4	Adding seeds and a magnifying glass to the science center

Camille notices a seed in her watermelon during snack time. 

3. What is the best way for the teacher to help her understand that seeds are part of a system?

□1	Cut open different kinds of fruits to find seeds
□2	Read an informational book about plants
□3	Cut open different seeds and observe what is inside
□4	Compare and sort different seeds

A teacher is guiding a small group of children in making dough by mixing flour and water. Charlie's dough is sticky and won't hold a shape. He looks at Maria's dough that she has rolled into a tight ball. Then he looks at his teacher and shows her his sticky fingers. 

4. What can the teacher do to help Charlie experiment with the materials at the table and "fix" his dough?

□1	The teacher can add more flour to Charlie's dough and help him mix it.
□2	The teacher can give Charlie a cup of water and a cup of flour and say, "Do you think we should add more water or flour? Let's choose one and see what happens."
□3	The teacher can say, "Uh-oh, Charlie! Your dough is too wet. Let's add more flour. What do you predict will happen if we put more flour in the dough?"
□4	The teacher can ask Maria to help Charlie "fix" his dough.

The children are interested in elephants. The teacher wants to help the children understand that elephants move their big ears to help them stay cool.

5. Which of the following would be the best way for children to explore the structure and function of the elephants' ears?

□1	Taking a field trip to the zoo to observe elephants flapping their ears
□2	Watching videos of elephants in the wild flapping their ears and pausing the video to ask children questions like, "Why is the elephant flapping his ears? How do you think he feels?"
□3	Using different sized paper plates as fans
□4	Building elephant ears out of paper plates and a headband to allow the children to pretend to be elephants

The children are cleaning up the playground. They have a pile of rocks, sticks, and leaves, and a pile of plastic bottle caps and juice box straws. These two piles can serve as data.

6. Which of the following is the best way to get the children to interpret their “data”?

□1	I notice you have two piles. Should we put the natural things back on the playground and the plastic things in the garbage?
□2	You have collected a lot of garbage. What do you think will happen to the garbage?
□3	I notice you have two piles. Can we make a third pile using playground toys?
□4	I notice you have a pile of plastic things and a pile of natural things. On the playground, which is there more of…plastic things or natural things?

Source: Alexander, 2017

TEACHING MATHEMATICS

The next set of questions focus on knowledge and teacher practices in the area of mathematics. You may not be familiar with all of the content in this section. We expect people will have different levels of familiarity with the questions being asked. We would like for you to answer the questions as best you can based on your knowledge and beliefs.

62. Each item below has two different statements about a child showing a skill in the area of mathematics. For each item, choose the one statement that describes the math skill that a child is likely to learn first. If both skills are equally easy for a young child, choose the circle next to “Same.” If you do not know the answer, choose “Do not know.”

1. □1	Jamie says the counting words in order from 1 to 10 (i.e., “1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10”).
   □2	Jamie says the counting words in order from 6 to 10 (i.e., responds to teacher request, “Can you count starting with the number 6? Six…” by saying: “…7, 8, 9, 10”).
   □3	Same.
   □4	Do not know.

2. □1	Pauli counts a group of seven buttons without touching them.
   □2	Pauli counts a touchable group of seven buttons.
   □3	Same.
   □4	Do not know.

□1	Ali correctly answers the question, “Are there more teddy bears or more turtles?”
□2	Ali correctly counts a row of eight teddy bears.
□3	Same.
□4	Do not know.

TEACHING MATHEMATICS CONTINUED

Each item below has two different statements about a child showing a skill in the area of mathematics. For each item, choose the one statement that describes the math skill that a child is likely to learn first. If both skills are equally easy for a young child, choose the circle next to “Same.” If you do not know the answer, choose “Do not know.”

4. □1	Shea correctly answers the question “Here are two groups of teddy bears. How many altogether?” when presented with two groups of two teddy bears.
   □2	Shea correctly answers the question, “What is two plus two?”
   □3	Same.
   □4	Do not know.

5. □1	Jaiden answers, “How many buttons” after counting a set of six buttons.
   □2	Jaiden counts a row of six buttons (i.e., “1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6”).
   □3	Same.
   □4	Do not know.

6. □1	Cimarron says the counting words in order from 1 to 10 (i.e., “1, 2, 3, 4, …).
   □2	Cimarron counts a row of ten buttons.
   □3	Same.
   □4	Do not know.

7. □1	Pilar counts a circle of seven buttons.
   □2	Pilar counts a row of seven buttons.
   □3	Same.
   □4	Do not know.

□1	Amari is presented with two groups of buttons, one with five buttons and one with two buttons. When asked “How many altogether?” in the two groups, Amari counts all of the buttons beginning with the group of five buttons (“1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7”) to get to the answer.
□2	Amari is presented with two groups of buttons, one with five buttons and one with two buttons. “How many altogether?” In the two groups, Amari counts on from the first set (“5, 6, 7,) to get to the answer.
□3	Same.
□4	Do not know.

TEACHING MATHEMATICS CONTINUED

Each item below has two different statements about a child showing a skill in the area of mathematics. For each item, choose the one statement that describes the math skill that a child is likely to learn first. If both skills are equally easy for a young child, choose the circle next to “Same.” If you do not know the answer, choose “Do not know.”

9. □1	I n a line of five toy sheep facing the same direction, Indigo answers the question, “Point to the second sheep in line.”
   □2	In a line of five toy sheep facing the same direction, Indigo answers the question, “Point to the first sheep in line.”
   □3	Same.
   □4	Do not know.

□1	Daevon recognizes one-digit numerals (for instance, can point out a “4” in a group of printed numbers.”
□2	Daevon reads single digit number words (for instance, can read the word “four”).
□3	Same.
□4	Do not know.

Source: Platas, 2008

10. COVID-19

63. How stressful was your job last year(e.g., August 2020-June 2021)?

    □1	1: Not at all stressful	□6	6
    □2	2	□7	7
    □3	3	□8	8
    □4	4	□9	9
    □5	5	□10	10: Extremely stressful

64. How stressful is your job currently?

□1	1: Not at all stressful	□6	6
□2	2	□7	7
□3	3	□8	8
□4	4	□9	9
□5	5	□10	10: Extremely stressful

65. How well are you coping with the stress of your job right now?

□1	1 Not coping	□6	6
□2	2	□7	7
□3	3	□8	8
□4	4	□9	9
□5	5	□10	10: Coping very well

66. The following items are a list of ways you may have felt or behaved in the PAST WEEK. Please indicate often you have felt this way in the PAST WEEK. PLEASE SELECT ONE RESPONSE PER ROW.

In the past week, how often have you...

In the past week, how often have you…	Rarely or none of the time (less than 1 day per week)	Some or a little of the time (1-2 days per week)	Occasionally or a moderate amount of time (3-4 days)	All of the time (5-7 days)
(a) Been bothered by things that usually don’t bother you
(b) Had trouble keeping your mind on what you were doing
(c) Felt depressed
(d) Felt that everything you did was an effort
(e) Felt hopeful about the future
(f) Felt fearful
(g) Had restless sleep
(h) Felt happy
(i) Felt lonely
(j) Felt you could not “get going”

Radloff (1977)

67. Are you currently enforcing social distancing requirements in your classroom?

CHOOSE ONE

□1	Yes, children must stay 6 feet apart from each other
□2	Yes, children must stay 3 feet apart from each other
□3	Yes, but only between children and adults (not among children)
□4	No

68. Do COVID restrictions currently impact your ability to use the following resources in your classroom?

CHOOSE ONE ON EACH ROW.

	I can use this as normal	I can use this with extra cleaning between uses	I can use this but children must each have their own (cannot share)	I cannot use this at all	I don’t use this
Children’s books, basal reader books (leveled books)	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
Manipulatives (e.g. blocks, puzzles)	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
Audiovisual equipment (e.g., DVD player, TV) and DVDs, videotapes or films	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
Computer equipment (e.g., computers, tablets)	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
Art materials, paints, clay	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
Science materials (e.g., magnifying glass, scales, thermometers)	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
Musical instruments and musical recordings	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
Materials for teaching DLL/ELL children	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5
Materials for teaching children with disabilities	□1	□2	□3	□4	□5

69. How disruptive do you feel your center’s current COVID requirements (e.g. distancing, cleaning, group size limitations) are to your teaching?

□1	1: Not at all disruptive	□6	6
□2	2	□7	7
□3	3	□8	8
□4	4	□9	9
□5	5	□10	10: Very disruptive
		□11	NA: My center is operating as usual

70. Since March 2020, have you experienced any of the following in your job as an early childhood educator?

CHOOSE ALL THAT APPLY

□1	I was laid off
□2	I was furloughed or temporarily laid off without pay
□3	I had my working hours reduced
□4	I took voluntary leave without pay
□5	I voluntarily left my position permanently
□6	None of the above

71. Since March 2020, have you seriously considered leaving the field of early childhood education permanently?

CHOOSE ONE

□1	Yes, I applied for jobs in other fields
□2	Yes, but I did not apply for other jobs
□3	No

72. How comfortable do currently you feel about going into your center amid the COVID-19 pandemic?

□1	I feel very comfortable
□2	I feel somewhat comfortable
□3	I feel somewhat uncomfortable
□4	I feel very uncomfortable

This is the end of the survey. Thank you!

Communication to Participants Regarding Survey and Honorarium

Overview: The informed consent form and baseline survey that will be administered to consented teachers/assistant teachers will be accompanied by a letter or email that introduces the survey. If a survey is not received, a follow-up reminder letter or email(s) may be sent.

SURVEY LETTERS/EMAILS

The following items will be addressed in communications to teachers/assistant teachers regarding the survey administered at baseline:

• Welcome to the study

• Study background and a brief description of the survey

• Description of how to return the survey

• Deadline for submission

• Toll-free number or study email address for technical issues or questions about the survey

THANK YOU LETTERS/EMAILS

Teachers/Assistant teachers who submit a survey will receive a thank you letter or email. The note will thank them for completing the survey and encourage future participation. The following items will be addressed in thank you notes:

• Thank you for participation

• Study importance

• Acknowledgement of the honorarium to the center or them as a thank you for their time

• Reminder about future data collections

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