1625-0029 Stat/Authority

Coast Guard, DOT

Pt. 154

Cargoes

Pollution
Category

Sodium acetate, Glycol, Water mixture (containing 1% or less, Sodium hydroxide) (if nonflammable or non-combustible).
Sodium aluminosilicate slurry ..............................
Sodium carbonate solution ..................................
Sodium lignosulfonate solution, see also Lignin
liquor.
Sodium naphthenate solution (free alkali content, 3% or less), see Naphthenic acid, sodium salt solution..
Sodium poly(4+)acrylate solution ........................
Sodium silicate solution .......................................
Sodium sulfate solution .......................................
Sorbitol solution ...................................................
Sulfonated polyacrylate solution ..........................
Tetrasodium salt of Ethylenediaminetetraaacetic
acid solution, see Ethylenediaminetetraacetic
acid, tetrasodium salt solution.
Titanium dioxide slurry ........................................
1,1,1-Trichloroethane ...........................................
1,1,2-Trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane ....................
Trisodium
salt
of
N-(Hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine triacetic acid solution,
see N-(Hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine triacetic
acid, trisodium salt solution..
Urea, Ammonium mono- and di-hydrogen phosphate, Potassium chloride solution.
Urea, Ammonium nitrate solution (2% or less
NH3), see also Ammonium nitrate, Urea solution (2% or less).
Urea, Ammonium phosphate solution, see also
Ammonium phosphate, Urea solution.
Urea solution .......................................................
Vanillan black liquor (free alkali content, 1% or
less).
Vegetable protein solution (hydrolysed) ..............
Water ...................................................................
Zinc bromide, Calcium bromide solution, see
Drilling brine (containing Zinc salts).

#

APPENDIX I TO PART 153

[RESERVED]

APPENDIX II TO PART 153—METRIC
UNITS USED IN PART 153

III
D
III

Parameter

Metric (SI unit)

Abbreviation

Equivalent to
English or common metric

Force .............
Length ...........

Newton .............
Meter ................
Centimeter .......
Pascal ..............

N ........
m ........
cm ......
Pa .......

Kilo-Pascal
(1,000
Pascals).
Kilo-Pascal .......

kPa .....

0.225 lbs.
39.37 in.
.3937 in.
1.450×10¥4 lbs/
in 2.
0.145 lbs/in 2.

kPa .....

......do ...............
Degree Celsius
milli-Pascal second.
Cubic meter .....

kPa .....
°C .......
mPa.
sec.
m 3 ......

......do ...............

m 3 ......

Pressure .......

III
C
III
III
III

Temperature
Viscosity ........

III
C
C

Volume ..........

1.02×10¥2 kg/
cm2.
1×10 3 N/m 2.
5/9 (°F–32).
1.0 centipoise.
264 gallons
(gal).
35.3 ft 3.

D

[CGD 73–96, 42 FR 49027, Sept. 26, 1977, as
amended by CGD 78–128, 47 FR 21212, May 17,
1982; CGD 81–101, 52 FR 7799, Mar. 12, 1987. Redesignated by CGD 92–100, 59 FR 17045, Apr.
11, 1994]

D

D
III
#

PART 154—SAFETY STANDARDS
FOR SELF-PROPELLED VESSELS
CARRYING
BULK
LIQUEFIED
GASES

III
III

Explanation of Symbols: As used in this table, the following
stand for:
A, B, C, D—NLS Category of Annex II of MARPOL 73/78.
I—Considered an ‘‘oil’’ under Annex I of MARPOL 73/78.
III—Appendix III of Annex II (non-NLS cargoes) of MARPOL
73/78.
LFG—Liquefied flammable gas.
#—No determination of NLS status. For shipping on an
oceangoing vessel, see 46 CFR 153.900(c).
[ ]—A NLS category in brackets indicates that the product is
provisionally categorized and that further data are necessary
to complete the evaluation of its pollution hazards. Until the
hazard evaluation is completed, the pollution category assigned is used.
@The NLS category has been assigned by the U.S. Coast
Guard, in absence of one assigned by the IMO. The category
is based upon a GESAMP Hazard Profile or by analogy to a
closely related product having an NLS assigned.
Abbreviations for Noxious liquid Cargoes:
N.F.—non-flammable (flash point greater than 60 degrees C (140 degrees F) cc).
n.o.s.—not otherwise specified.
ST—Ship type.
Cat—Pollution category.

[CGD 88–100, 54 FR 43584, Oct. 26, 1989; CGD
92–100, 59 FR 17044, Apr. 11, 1994, as amended
by CGD 94–900, 59 FR 45142, Aug. 31, 1994; CGD
94–902, 60 FR 34043, June 29, 1995; CGD 95–900,
60 FR 34052, June 29, 1995; USCG 2000–7079, 65
FR 67213, Nov. 8, 2000]

Subpart A—General
Sec.
154.1 Incorporation by reference.
154.3 Purpose.
154.5 Applicability.
154.7 Definitions, acronyms, and terms.
154.9 Issuance of documents.
154.12 Existing gas vessel: Endorsements
and requirements.
154.15 U.S. flag vessel: Endorsement application.
154.17 U.S. flag vessel: Certificate of Inspection endorsement.
154.19 U.S. flag vessel: IMO certificate
issuance.
154.22 Foreign flag vessel: Certificate of
Compliance endorsement application.
154.24 Foreign flag vessel: IMO Certificate.
154.30 Liquefied gases not included in table
4.
154.32 Equivalents.
154.34 Special approval: Requests.
154.36 Correspondence and vessel information: Submission.
154.40 Right of appeal.

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Pt. 154

46 CFR Ch. I (10–1–01 Edition)

Subpart B—Inspections and Tests
EXAMINATION REQUIREMENTS FOR FOREIGN
FLAG VESSELS
154.150 Examination required for a Certificate of Compliance.
154.151 Procedures for having the Coast
Guard examine a vessel for a Certificate
of Compliance.

Cargo tank sloshing loads.
Cargo tank thermal loads.
Cargo tank corrosion allowance.

154.418
154.419
154.420
154.421

General.
Design vapor pressure.
Tank design.
Allowable stress.

INTEGRAL TANKS

MEMBRANE TANKS

Subpart C—Design, Construction, and
Equipment
HULL STRUCTURE
154.170 Outer hull steel plating.
154.172 Contiguous steel hull structure.
154.174 Transverse contiguous hull structure.
154.176 Longitudinal contiguous hull structure.
154.178 Contiguous hull structure: Heating
system.
154.180 Contiguous hull structure: Welding
procedure.
154.182 Contiguous hull structure: Production weld test.
154.188 Membrane tank: Inner hull steel.
154.195 Aluminum cargo tank: Steel enclosure.

154.425 General.
154.426 Design vapor pressure.
154.427 Membrane tank system design.
154.428 Allowable stress.
154.429 Calculations.
154.430 Material test.
154.431 Model test.
154.432 Expansion and contraction.
SEMI-MEMBRANE TANKS
154.435 General.
154.436 Design vapor pressure.
INDEPENDENT TANK TYPE A
154.437
154.438
154.439
154.440

General.
Design vapor pressure.
Tank design.
Allowable stress.
INDEPENDENT TANK TYPE B

SHIP SURVIVAL CAPABILITY AND CARGO TANK
LOCATION
154.200
154.235

154.410
154.411
154.412

Stability requirements: General.
Cargo tank location.
SHIP ARRANGEMENTS

154.300 Segregation of hold spaces from
other spaces.
154.305 Segregation of hold spaces from the
sea.
154.310 Cargo piping systems.
154.315 Cargo pump and cargo compressor
rooms.
154.320 Cargo control stations.
154.325 Accommodation, service, and control spaces.
154.330 Openings to accommodation, service,
or control spaces.
154.340 Access to tanks and spaces in the
cargo area.
154.345 Air locks.
154.350 Bilge and ballast systems in the
cargo area.
154.355 Bow and stern loading piping.
154.356 Cargo emergency jettisoning piping.

154.444 General.
154.445 Design vapor pressure.
154.446 Tank design.
154.447 Allowable stress.
154.448 Calculations.
154.449 Model test.
INDEPENDENT TANK TYPE C AND PROCESS
PRESSURE VESSELS
154.450 General.
154.451 Design vapor pressure.
154.452 External pressure.
154.453 Failure to meet independent tank
type C standards.
SECONDARY BARRIER
154.459 General.
154.460 Design criteria.
INSULATION
154.465 General.
154.466 Design criteria.
154.467 Submission of insulation information.
SUPPORT SYSTEM

CARGO CONTAINMENT SYSTEMS
154.401 Definitions.
154.405 Design vapor pressure (Po) of a cargo
tank.
154.406 Design loads for cargo tanks and fixtures: General.
154.407 Cargo tank internal pressure head.
154.408 Cargo tank external pressure load.
154.409 Dynamic loads from vessel motion.

154.470 General.
154.471 Design criteria.
154.476 Cargo transfer devices and means.
CARGO AND PROCESS PIPING SYSTEMS
154.500 Cargo and process piping standards.
154.503 Piping and piping system components: Protection from movement.

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Pt. 154

154.506 Mechanical expansion joint: Limits
in a piping system.
154.512 Piping: Thermal isolation.
154.514 Piping: Electrical bonding.
154.516 Piping: Hull protection.
154.517 Piping: Liquid pressure relief.
154.519 Piping relief valves.
154.520 Piping calculations.
154.522 Materials for piping.
154.524 Piping joints: Welded and screwed
couplings.
154.526 Piping joints: Flange connection.
154.528 Piping joints: Flange type.
154.530 Valves: Cargo tank MARVS 69 kPa
gauge (10 psig) or lower.
154.532 Valves: Cargo tank MARVS greater
than 69 kPa gauge (10 psig).
154.534 Cargo pumps and cargo compressors.
154.536 Cargo tank gauging and measuring
connections.
154.538 Cargo transfer connection.
154.540 Quick-closing shut-off valves: Emergency shut-down system.
154.544 Quick-closing shut-off valves.
154.546 Excess flow valve: Closing flow.
154.548 Cargo piping: Flow capacity.
154.550 Excess flow valve: Bypass.
CARGO HOSE
154.551 Cargo
154.552 Cargo
154.554 Cargo
154.556 Cargo
sure.
154.558 Cargo
154.560 Cargo
154.562 Cargo

hose: General.
hose: Compatibility.
hose: Bursting pressure.
hose: Maximum working pres-

154.708 Cargo boil-off as fuel: Valves.
154.709 Cargo boil-off as fuel: Gas detection
equipment.
CARGO VENT SYSTEMS
154.801 Pressure relief systems.
154.802 Alternate pressure relief settings.
154.804 Vacuum protection.
154.805 Vent masts.
154.806 Capacity of pressure relief valves.
ATMOSPHERIC CONTROL IN CARGO
CONTAINMENT SYSTEMS
154.901 Atmospheric control within cargo
tanks and cargo piping systems.
154.902 Atmospheric control within hold and
interbarrier spaces.
154.903 Inert gas systems: General.
154.904 Inert gas system: Controls.
154.906 Inert gas generators.
154.908 Inert gas generator: Location.
154.910 Inert gas piping: Location.
154.912 Inerted spaces: Relief devices.
ELECTRICAL
154.1000 Applicability.
154.1002 Definition.
154.1005 Equipment approval.
154.1010 Electrical equipment in gas-dangerous space or zone.
154.1015 Lighting in gas-dangerous space.
154.1020 Emergency power.
FIREFIGHTING

hose: Marking.
hose: Prototype test.
hose: Hydrostatic test.

Firefighting System: Exterior Water Spray

MATERIALS
154.605 Toughness test.
154.610 Design temperature not colder than
0 °C (32 °F).
154.615 Design temperature below 0 °C (32
°F) and down to ¥55 °C (¥67 °F).
154.620 Design temperature below ¥55 °C
(¥67 °F) and down to ¥165 °C (¥265 °F).
154.625 Design temperature below 0 °C (32
°F) and down to ¥165 °C (¥265 °F).
154.630 Cargo tank material.
CONSTRUCTION
154.650 Cargo tank and process pressure vessel welding.
154.655 Stress relief for independent tanks
type C.
154.660 Pipe welding.
154.665 Welding procedures.
CARGO PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE CONTROL
154.701 Cargo pressure and temperature control: General.
154.702 Refrigerated carriage.
154.703 Methane (LNG).
154.705 Cargo boil-off as fuel: General.
154.706 Cargo boil-off as fuel: Fuel lines.
154.707 Cargo boil-off as fuel: Ventilation.

154.1105
eral.
154.1110
154.1115
154.1120
154.1125
154.1130
154.1135

Exterior water spray system: GenAreas protected by system.
Discharge.
Nozzles.
Pipes, fittings, and valves.
Sections.
Pumps.

Firefighting System: Dry Chemical
154.1140 Dry chemical system: General.
154.1145 Dry chemical supply.
154.1150 Distribution of dry chemical.
154.1155 Hand hose line: Coverage.
154.1160 Monitor coverage of system.
154.1165 Controls.
154.1170 Hand hose line: General.
CARGO AREA: MECHANICAL VENTILATION
SYSTEM
154.1200 Mechanical
ventilation
system:
General.
154.1205 Mechanical ventilations system:
Standards.
154.1210 Hold space, void space, cofferdam,
and spaces containing cargo piping.
INSTRUMENTATION
154.1300 Liquid level gauging system: General.

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154.1305 Liquid level gauging system: Standards.
154.1310 Closed gauge shut-off valve.
154.1315 Restricted gauge excess flow valve.
154.1320 Sighting ports, tubular gauge glasses, and flat plate type gauge glasses.
154.1325 Liquid level alarm system: All
cargo tanks.
154.1330 Liquid level alarm system: Independent tank type C.
154.1335 Pressure and vacuum protection.
154.1340 Temperature measuring devices.
154.1345 Gas detection.
154.1350 Flammable gas detection system.
154.1360 Oxygen analyzer.
154.1365 Audible and visual alarms.
154.1370 Pressure gauge and vacuum gauge
marking.
154.1375 Readout for temperature measuring
device: Marking.
SAFETY EQUIPMENT
154.1400
154.1405
154.1410
154.1415
154.1420
154.1430
154.1435
154.1440

Safety equipment: All vessels.
Respiratory protection.
Decontamination shower.
Air compressor.
Stretchers and equipment.
Equipment locker.
Medical first aid guide.
Antidotes.

Subpart D—Special Design and Operating
Requirements
154.1700 Purpose.
154.1702 Materials of construction.
154.1705 Independent tank type C.
154.1710 Exclusion of air from cargo tank
vapor spaces.
154.1715 Moisture control.
154.1720 Indirect refrigeration.
154.1725 Ethylene oxide.
154.1730 Ethylene oxide: Loading and offloading.
154.1735 Methyl acetylene-propadiene mixture.
154.1740 Vinyl chloride: Inhibiting and
inerting.
154.1745 Vinyl chloride: Transferring operations.
154.1750 Butadiene or vinyl chloride: Refrigeration system.
154.1755 Nitrogen.
154.1760 Liquid ammonia.

154.1808 Limitations in the endorsement.
154.1809 Loading and stability manual.
154.1810 Cargo manual.
154.1812 Operational information for terminal personnel.
154.1814 Cargo information cards.
154.1816 Cargo location plan.
154.1818 Certification of inhibition.
154.1820 Shipping document.
154.1822 Shipping document: Copy for transfer terminal.
154.1824 Obstruction
of
pumproom
ladderways.
154.1826 Opening of cargo tanks and cargo
sampling.
154.1828 Spaces containing cargo vapor:
Entry.
154.1830 Warning sign.
154.1831 Persons in charge of transferring
liquid cargo in bulk or preparing cargo
tanks.
154.1834 Cargo transfer piping.
154.1836 Vapor venting as a means of cargo
tank pressure and temperature control.
154.1838 Discharge by gas pressurization.
154.1840 Protective clothing.
154.1842 Cargo system: Controls and alarms.
154.1844 Cargo tanks: Filling limits.
154.1846 Relief valves: Changing set pressure.
154.1848 Inerting.
154.1850 Entering cargo handling spaces.
154.1852 Air breathing equipment.
154.1854 Methane (LNG) as fuel.
154.1858 Cargo hose.
154.1860 Integral tanks: Cargo colder than
¥10 °C (14 °F).
154.1862 Posting of speed reduction.
154.1864 Vessel speed within speed reduction.
154.1866 Cargo hose connection: Transferring cargo.
154.1868 Portable blowers in personnel access openings.
154.1870 Bow and stern loading.
154.1872 Cargo emergency jettisoning.
TABLE 4—SUMMARY OF MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS

APPENDIX A TO PART 154—EQUIVALENT
STRESS
APPENDIX B TO PART 154—STRESS ANALYSES
DEFINITIONS
AUTHORITY: 46 U.S.C. 3703, 9101; 49 CFR 1.46.
SOURCE: CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3,
1979, unless otherwise noted.

Subpart E—Operations
154.1800 Special
operating
requirements
under Part 35 of this chapter.
154.1801 Certificates, letters, and endorsements: U.S. flag vessels.
154.1802 Certificates, letters, and endorsements: Foreign flag vessels.
154.1803 Expiration of Certificates of Compliance.
154.1804 Document posted in wheelhouse.
154.1806 Regulations on board.

EDITORIAL NOTE: Nomenclature changes affecting Part 154 appear at CGD 95–072, 60 FR
50466, Sept. 29, 1995 and at CGD 96–041, 61 FR
50732, Sept. 27, 1996.

Subpart A—General
SOURCE: CGD 77–069, 52 FR 31626, Aug. 21,
1987, unless otherwise noted.

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Coast Guard, DOT
§ 154.1

§ 154.7
UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES, INC.

Incorporation by reference.

(a) Certain materials are incorporated by reference into this part
with approval of the Director of the
Federal Register in accordance with 5
U.S.C. 552(a). The Office of the Federal
Register publishes a list ‘‘Material Approved for Incorporation by Reference,’’ which appears in the Finding
Aids section of this volume. To enforce
any edition other than the one listed in
paragraph (b) of this section, notice of
change must be published in the FEDERAL REGISTER and the material made
available. All approved material is on
file at the Office of the Federal Register, Washington, DC 20408, and at the
Commandant (G–MSO), U.S. Coast
Guard, 2100 Second Street SW. Washington, DC 20593–0001.
(b) The materials approved for incorporation by reference in this part are:
AMERICAN BUREAU OF SHIPPING (ABS)
ABS Plaza, 16855 Northchase Drive, Houston,
TX 77060
Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels, 1981
AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS INSTITUTE
11 West 42nd Street, New York, NY 10036
ANSI Z89.1–69 Safety Requirements for Industrial Head Protection, 1969
ANSI Z87.1–79 Practice for Occupational and
Educational Eye and Face Protection,
1979
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND
MATERIALS (ASTM)
100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken,
PA 19428–2959.
ASTM A 20/A 20M–97a, Standard Specification for General Requirements for Steel
Plates for Pressure Vessels—154.610
ASTM F 1014–92, Standard Specification for
Flashlights on Vessels—154.1400
NOTE: All other documents referenced in
this part are still in effect.
INTERNATIONAL MARITIME ORGANIZATION
Publications Section, 4 Albert Embankment,
London SE1 7SR, United Kingdom
Resolution A.328(IX), Code for the Construction and Equipment of Ships Carrying Liquefied Gases in Bulk, 1976
Code For Existing Ships Carrying Liquefied Gases in Bulk, 1976
Medical First Aid Guide for Use in Accidents Involving Dangerous Goods

12

Laboratory Drive, Research Triangle
Park, NC 27709–3995
UL No. 783–79 Standard for Safety, Electric
Flashlights for Use in Hazardous Locations, Class 1, Groups C and D, 1979.

[CGD 77–069, 52 FR 31626, Aug. 21, 1987, as
amended by CGD 82–042, 53 FR 17705, May 18,
1988; CGD 82–042, 53 FR 18949, May 25, 1988;
CGD 88–070, 53 FR 34535, Sept. 7, 1988; CGD 96–
041, 61 FR 50732, Sept. 27, 1996; CGD 97–057, 62
FR 51048, Sept. 30, 1997; USCG–1999–5151, 64
FR 67183, Dec. 1, 1999; USCG–2000–7790, 65 FR
58463, Sept. 29, 2000]

§ 154.3 Purpose.
The purpose of this part is to prescribe rules for new and existing gas
vessels.
§ 154.5 Applicability.
This part applies to each self-propelled vessel that has on board bulk
liquefied gases as cargo, cargo residue
or vapor, except subpart C does not
apply if the vessel meets § 154.12 (b), (c),
or (d).
§ 154.7 Definitions,
acronyms,
and
terms.
As used in this part:
‘‘A’’ Class Division means a division
as defined in Regulation 3 of Chapter
II–2 of the 1974 Safety Convention.
Accommodation spaces means public
spaces, corridors, lavatories, cabins, offices, hospitals, cinemas, game and
hobby rooms, pantries containing no
cooking appliances, and spaces used in
a similar fashion.
Boiling point means the temperature
at which a substance’s vapor pressure
is equal to the atmospheric barometric
pressure.
Breadth (B) means the maximum
width of the vessel in meters measured
amidships to the molded line of the
frame in a ship with a metal shell and
to the outer surface of the hull in a
ship with a shell of any other material.
Cargo area means that part of the
vessel that contains the cargo containment system, cargo pump rooms, cargo
compressor rooms, and the deck areas
over the full beam and the length of
the vessel above them, but does not include the cofferdams, ballast spaces, or
void spaces at the after end of the
aftermost hold space or the forward
end of the forwardmost hold space.

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46 CFR Ch. I (10–1–01 Edition)

Cargo containment system means the
arrangement for containment of the
cargo including a primary and secondary barrier, associated insulation
and any intervening spaces, and adjacent structure that is necessary for the
support of these elements.
Cargo service space means space within the cargo area that is more than 2
m2 (21.5 ft.2) in deck area and used for
work shops, lockers, or store rooms.
Cargo tank means the liquid tight
shell that is the primary container of
the cargo.
Certificate of Compliance means a certificate issued by the Coast Guard to a
foreign flag vessel after it is examined
and found to comply with regulations
in this chapter.
Cofferdam means the isolating space
between two adjacent steel bulkheads
or decks, which could be a void space
or a ballast space.
Contiguous hull structure includes the
inner deck, the inner bottom plating,
longitudinal bulkhead plating, transverse bulkhead plating, floors, webs,
stringers, and attached stiffeners.
Control space means those spaces in
which the vessel’s radio, main navigating equipment, or the emergency
source of power is located or in which
the fire control equipment, other than
firefighting control equipment under
§ 154.1140 to § 154.1170, is centralized.
Design temperature means the minimum cargo temperature the Coast
Guard allows for loading, unloading, or
carriage.
Design vapor pressure (Po) means the
maximum gauge pressure at the top of
the cargo tank for the design of the
cargo tank.
Document means a Certificate of Inspection for a U.S. flag vessel or a Certificate of Compliance for a foreign flag
vessel.
Existing gas vessel means a self-propelled vessel that—
(a) Is delivered on or before October
31, 1976; or
(b) Is delivered between October 31,
1976 and June 30, 1980, and is not a new
gas vessel.
Flammable cargoes includes the following liquefied gases from Table 4
(follows § 154.1872):
Acetaldehyde
Butadiene

Butane
Butylene
Dimethylamine
Ethane
Ethylamine
Ethyl chloride
Ethylene
Ethylene oxide
Methane (LNG)
Methyl acetylene-propadiene mixture
Methyl bromide
Methyl chloride
Propane
Propylene
Vinyl chloride

Gas-dangerous space includes the following spaces:
(a) A space in the cargo area without
arrangements to provide a safe atmosphere at all times.
(b) An enclosed space outside the
cargo area through which any piping
that may contain liquid or gaseous
cargo passes, or within which that piping terminates, without arrangements
to prevent gas from escaping into the
space.
(c) A cargo containment system and
cargo piping.
(d) A hold space where cargo is carried in a cargo containment system:
(1) With a secondary barrier; or
(2) Without a secondary barrier.
(e) A space separated from a hold
space under paragraph (d)(1) of this definition by a single gastight boundary.
(f) A cargo pumproom and a cargo
compressor room.
(g) A zone on the weather deck or a
semi-enclosed space on the weather
deck within 3.05 m (10 ft) of any cargo
tank outlet, gas or vapor outlet, cargo
pipe flange, cargo valve, or of entrances and ventilation openings to a
cargo pump room or a cargo compressor room.
(h) Except for existing gas vessels,
the weather deck over the cargo area
and 3.05 m (10 ft) forward and aft of the
cargo area on the weather deck to 2.4
m (8 ft) above the weather deck.
(i) A zone within 2.4 m (8 ft) of the
outer surface of a cargo containment
system where the surface is exposed to
the weather.
(j) An enclosed or semi-enclosed
space in which there is piping containing cargo, except those—
(1) With gas sampling lines for gas
detection equipment under § 154.1350(n);
or

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§ 154.7

(2) In which boil-off gas is used as
fuel under § 154.703.
(k) A space for storage of cargo
hoses.
(l) An enclosed or semi-enclosed
space having an opening into any gasdangerous space or zone.
Gas-safe space means a space that is
not a gas-dangerous space.
Hold space means the space enclosed
by the vessel’s structure in which there
is a cargo containment system.
IMO stands for the lnternational
Maritime Organization.
IMO Certificate means a Certificate of
Fitness for the Carriage of Liquefied
Gases in Bulk issued under the IMO—
(a) ‘‘Code for the Construction and
Equipment of Ships Carrying Liquefied
Gases in Bulk’’, adopted November 12,
1975 by Assembly Resolution A.328(IX),
as amended;
(b) ‘‘Code for Existing Ships Carrying
Liquefied Gases in Bulk’’, adopted November 12, 1975, as amended; or
(c) ‘‘Recommendations Concerning
Ships Not Covered by the Code for the
Construction and Equipment of Ships
Carrying Liquefied Gases in Bulk’’,
(Resolution A.328(IX)), adopted November 12, 1975 by Assembly Resolution
A.329(IX).
Independent tank is a cargo tank that
is permanently affixed to the vessel, is
self-supporting, and is not part of the
hull or essential to the strength or integrity of the hull.
Independent tank type A is an independent cargo tank designed primarily
using classification society classical
ship structural analysis procedures.
Independent tank type B is an independent cargo tank designed from
model tests, refined analytical tools,
and analysis methods to determine
stress levels, fatigue life, and crack
propagation characteristics.
Independent tank type C (pressure
tank) is an independent cargo tank
meeting pressure vessel criteria where
the dominant stress producing load is
design vapor pressure.
Insulation space means a space, that
could be an interbarrier space, occupied wholly or in part by insulation.
Integral tank means a cargo tank that
is a structural part of the vessel’s hull
and is influenced in the same manner

and by the same loads that stress the
adjacent hull structure.
Interbarrier space means the space between a primary and a secondary barrier, with or without insulation or
other material.
Length (L) is ninety-six percent of the
total length in meters on a waterline
at eighty-five percent of the least
molded depth measured from the top of
the keel or the length from the foreside
of the stem to the axis of the rudder
stock on the waterline, whichever is
greater. In vessels having a rake of
keel, the waterline is parallel to the
design waterline.
Liquefied gas means a cargo having a
vapor pressure of 172 kPa (25 psia) or
more at 37.8 °C (100 °F).
MARVS stands for the Maximum Allowable Relief Valve Setting.
Membrane tank is a cargo tank that is
not self-supporting and consists of a
thin
layer
(membrane)
supported
through insulation by the adjacent hull
structure.
New gas vessel means a self-propelled
vessel that—
(a) Is constructed under a building
contract awarded after October 31, 1976;
(b) In the absence of a building contract, has a keel laid or is at a similar
stage of construction after December
31, 1976;
(c) Is delivered after June 30, 1980; or
(d) Has undergone a major conversion
for which—
(1) The building contract is awarded
after October 31, 1976;
(2) In the absence of a building contract, conversion is begun after December 31, 1976; or
(3) Conversion is completed after
June 30, 1980.
Primary barrier means the inner
boundary that contains the cargo when
the cargo containment system includes
two boundaries.
Process pressure vessel means a pressure vessel that is used in a reliquefaction, cargo heating, or other system
that processes cargo.
Remote group alarm means an audible
and visual alarm that alerts when an
alarm condition exists but does not
identify that condition.

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§ 154.9

46 CFR Ch. I (10–1–01 Edition)

Secondary barrier means the liquid resisting outer boundary of a cargo containment system when the cargo containment system includes two boundaries.
Semi-membrane tank is a cargo tank
that is not self-supporting and that can
expand and contract due to thermal,
hydrostatic, and pressure loadings. It
consists of flat surfaces, supported
through insulation by the adjacent hull
structure, and shaped corners that connect the flat surfaces.
Service space means a space outside
the cargo area that is used for a galley,
pantry containing cooking appliances,
locker or store room, workshop except
those in machinery spaces, and similar
spaces and trunks to those spaces.
Shut-off valve is a valve that closes a
pipeline and provides nominal metal to
metal contact between the valve operating parts, including the disc and
gate, and the valve body.
Specific gravity (p) means the ratio of
the density of the cargo at the design
temperature to the density of water at
4 °C (39 °F).
Tank cover is the structure protecting
those parts of the cargo containment
system that protrude through the
weather deck and providing continuity
to the deck structure.
Tank dome means the uppermost portion of the cargo tank. For below deck
cargo containment systems, it means
the uppermost portion of the cargo
tank that protrudes through the
weather deck or through the tank
cover.
Toxic cargoes includes the following
liquefied gases from Table 4 (follows
§ 154.1872):
Acetaldehyde
Ammonia, anhydrous
Dimethylamine
Ethylamine
Ethyl chloride
Ethylene oxide
Methyl bromide
Methyl chloride
Sulfur dioxide
Vinyl chloride

Vapor pressure means the absolute
equilibrium pressure of the saturated
vapor above the liquid, expressed in
kPa (psia), at a specific temperature.
Void space means an enclosed space in
the cargo area outside of the cargo con-

tainment system, except a hold space,
ballast space, fuel oil tank, cargo pump
or compressor room, or any space used
by personnel.
1974 Safety Convention stands for the
International Convention on Safety of
Life at Sea, 1974, done at London, November 1, 1974.
§ 154.9 Issuance of documents.
The Coast Guard issues an endorsed
Certificate of Inspection to a U.S. flag
vessel or an endorsed Certificate of
Compliance to a foreign flag vessel
that meets this part.
§ 154.12 Existing gas vessel: Endorsements and requirements.
(a) Except an existing gas vessel
under paragraph (b), (c), or (d) of this
section, an existing gas vessel must
meet subpart C of this part if the
owner desires a document endorsed for
the carriage of a cargo listed in Table
4 (follows § 154.1872).
(b) If an existing gas vessel is issued
a document by the Coast Guard before
November 1, 1987 that is endorsed for
the carriage of a cargo listed in Table
4 (follows § 154.1872), and the owner desires the same endorsement on a reissued document, the vessel must—
(1) Continue to meet the same design
and construction standards under
which the Coast Guard issued the original document; and
(2) Meet paragraph (e) of this section.
(c) If an existing gas vessel is issued
a document by the Coast Guard before
November 1, 1987 that is endorsed for
the carriage of a cargo listed in Table
4 (follows § 154.1872), and the owner desires an endorsement for a different
cargo listed in that table, the vessel
must—
(1) Continue to meet the same design
and construction standards under
which the Coast Guard issued the original document;
(2) Meet paragraph (e) of this section;
(3) Meet subpart D for the different
cargo; and
(4) Meet any additional requirements
of this part that the Commandant (G–
MSO) determines to be necessary for
safety.
(d) If an existing gas vessel does not
meet paragraph (b) or (c) of this section and the owner desires a document

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Coast Guard, DOT

§ 154.15

endorsed for the carriage of a cargo
listed in Table 4 (follows § 154.1872), the
vessel must—
(1) Have a letter from the Coast
Guard dated before November 1, 1987
stating that—
(i) Review of the vessel’s plans for
the carriage of that cargo is completed;
or
(ii) The vessel’s IMO Certificate endorsed for the carriage of that cargo is
accepted;
(2) Meet the plans that were reviewed
and marked ‘‘Examined’’ or ‘‘Approved’’ by the Coast Guard, or meet
the standards under which the IMO
Certificate was issued;
(3) Meet paragraph (e) of this section;
and
(4) Meet any additional requirements
of this part that the Commandant (G–
MSO) determines to be necessary for
safety.
(e) If the owner of a vessel desires
any document endorsement described
in paragraph (b), (c), or (d) of this section, the existing gas vessel must meet
the requirements in each of the following:
(1) Section 154.310 (d) and (e).
(2) Section 154.320 (b) and (c).
(3) Section 154.330 (a) through (e).
(4) Section 154.340(d).
(5) Section 154.345 (a), (b)(1) through
(b)(5), (b)(7) and (c).
(6) Section 154.476(a).
(7) Section 154.519(a)(2).
(8) Section 154.534.
(9) Section 154.538.
(10) Section 154.540 (c) and (d).
(11) Section 154.556.
(12) Section 154.558.
(13) Section 154.560.
(14) Section 154.562.
(15) Section 154.703.
(16) Section 154.705.
(17) Section 154.706.
(18) Section 154.707.
(19) Section 154.708.
(20) Section 154.709.
(21) Section 154.904.
(22) Section 154.906.
(23) Section 154.908(a), unless the
space is separated from the accommodation, service, or control space by a
steel door that—
(i) Is watertight when tested with a
firehose at not less than 207 kPa gauge
(30 psig);

(ii) Has a means to self-close and does
not have latches or other devices designed to hold it open; and
(iii) Has an audible and visual alarm
on both sides of the door which is actuated when the door is open.
(24) Section 154.910.
(25) Section 154.912.
(26) Sections 154.1110 through 154.1130,
except §§ 154.1115(b), 154.1120(b), and
154.1125 (c) and (f).
(27) Section 154.1145, except an existing gas vessel with a cargo carrying capacity of less than 2500 m 3 (88,200 ft 3)
may have only one self-contained dry
chemical storage unit if that unit—
(i) is installed before November 1,
1987; and
(ii) Has the capacity to meet § 154.1145
(d) and (e), and § 154.1170(e).
(28) Section 154.1150 (a) and (b).
(29) Section 154.1155.
(30) Section 154.1160.
(31) Section 154.1165 (a), (b), (d), and
(f).
(32) Section 154.1170 (b) through (f).
(33) Section 154.1200 (a), (b)(1), and
(b)(2).
(34) Section 154.1205(f).
(35) Section 154.1325.
(36) Section 154.1335(e).
(37) Section 154.1350 (e), (f), (i), (o),
and (u).
§ 154.15 U.S. flag vessel: Endorsement
application.
(a) A person who desires the endorsement required under § 154.1801 for a U.S.
flag vessel must submit an application
for an endorsement of the vessel’s Subchapter D Certificate of Inspection
under the procedures in § 91.55–15 of
this chapter.
(b) The person requesting an endorsement under paragraph (a) of this section must submit to the Coast Guard,
if requested—
(1) Calculations for hull design required by § 172.175 of this chapter;
(2) The plans and information listed
in §§ 54.01–18, 56.01–10, 91.55–5 (a), (b), (d),
(g), and (h), and 110.25–1 of this chapter;
(3) Plans for the dry chemical supply
and distribution systems, including the
controls; and
(4) Any other vessel information, including, but not limited to plans, design calculations, test results, certificates, and manufacturer’s data, needed

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§ 154.17

46 CFR Ch. I (10–1–01 Edition)

to determine whether or not the vessel
meets the standards of this part.
§ 154.17 U.S. flag vessel: Certificate of
Inspection endorsement.
The Certificate of Inspection for a
U.S. flag vessel allowed to carry a liquefied gas listed in Table 4 has the following endorsement for each cargo,
with the corresponding carriage requirement data inserted:
Inspected and approved for the carriage of
lll at a maximum allowable relief valve
setting of lll kPa gauge (lll psig) with
an F factor of lll, a maximum external
pressure of lll kPa gauge (lll psig), a
minimum service temperature of lll °C
(lll °F), and a maximum specific gravity
of lll. Hull type lll.

§ 154.19 U.S. flag vessel: IMO certificate issuance.
(a) Either a classification society authorized under 46 CFR part 8, or the
Coast Guard Officer in Charge, Marine
Inspection, issues an IMO Certificate to
a U.S. flag vessel when requested by
the owner or representative, if—
(1) The vessel meets the requirements
of this part; and
(2) It is a new gas vessel, it meets the
IMO Resolution A.328(IX), ‘‘Code for
the Construction and Equipment of
Ships Carrying Liquefied Gases in
Bulk, 1975’’; or
(3) It is an existing gas vessel, it
meets the IMO ‘‘Code for Existing
Ships Carrying Liquefied Gases in
Bulk, 1975’’.
(b) The IMO Certificate expires on
the same date that the vessel’s Certificate of Inspection expires.
[CGD 77–069, 52 FR 31626, Aug. 21, 1987, as
amended by CGD 95–010, 62 FR 67537, Dec. 24,
1997]

§ 154.22 Foreign flag vessel: Certificate
of Compliance endorsement application.
(a) A person who desires an endorsed
Certificate of Compliance to meet
§ 154.1802(a) for a foreign flag vessel,
whose flag administration issues IMO
Certificates, must submit to the Commanding Officer, U.S. Coast Guard Marine Safety Center (G–MSC), 400 Seventh St., SW., Washington, DC 20590–
0001, an application that includes the
following:

(1) The vessel’s valid IMO Certificate.
(2) A description of the vessel.
(3) Specifications for the cargo containment system.
(4) A general arrangement plan of the
vessel.
(5) A midship section plan of the vessel.
(6) Schematic plans of the liquid and
vapor cargo piping.
(7) A firefighting and safety plan.
(8) If the applicant is requesting an
endorsement for the carriage of ethylene oxide, a classification society certification that the vessel meets
§ 154.1725(a) (4), (5), and (7).
(9) If the vessel is a new gas vessel, or
an existing vessel that does not meet
§ 154.12 (b), (c), or (d)—
(i) A certification from a classification society that the vessel—
(A) Has enhanced grades of steel
meeting § 154.170 (b)(1) and (b)(2) for
crack arresting purposes in the deck
stringer, sheer strake, and bilge strake;
and
(B) Meets § 154.701, or if the vessel
carries methane, meets § 154.703, by
having the capability of cargo tank
pressure and temperature control without venting; and
(ii) The vessel’s valid SOLAS Cargo
Ship Safety Construction Certificate
and Cargo Ship Safety Equipment Certificate.
(10) Any additional plans, certificates, and information needed by the
Commanding Officer, Marine Safety
Center to determine whether or not the
vessel meets this part.
(b) A person who desires an endorsed
Certificate of Compliance to meet
§ 154.1802(b) for a foreign flag vessel,
whose flag administration does not
issue IMO Certificates, must submit to
the Commanding Officer, Marine Safety Center the plans, calculations, and
information under § 154.15(b).
[CGD 77–069, 52 FR 31626, Aug. 21, 1987, as
amended by CGD 88–070, 53 FR 34535, Sept. 7,
1988; CGD 89–025, 54 FR 19571, May 8, 1989;
CGD 95–072, 60 FR 50466, Sept. 29, 1995; 60 FR
54106, Oct. 19, 1995]

§ 154.24 Foreign flag vessel: IMO Certificate.
(a) An IMO Certificate issued under
the IMO Resolution A.328(IX),’’Code for
the Construction and Equipment of

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Coast Guard, DOT

§ 154.40

Ships Carrying Liquefied Gases in
Bulk, 1975’’ is usually sufficient evidence of compliance with this part for
the Coast Guard to endorse a foreign
flag vessel’s Certificate of Compliance
with the name of each cargo in Table 4
(follows § 154.1872) that is listed on the
IMO Certificate, if the information
listed in item 3 of the IMO Certificate
shows that—
(1) The design ambient temperatures
meet § 154.174 and § 154.176;
(2) The cargo tank design stress factors and resulting MARVS of independent tanks type B or C meet
§ 154.447 or § 154.450; and
(3) The cargo tank MARVS of a type
IIPG ship meets § 172.175(c) of this
chapter.
(b) If a foreign flag existing gas vessel meets § 154.12 (b), (c), or (d), the vessel’s IMO Certificate issued under the
IMO ‘‘Code for Existing Ships Carrying
Liquefied Gases in Bulk, 1975’’ is usually sufficient evidence of compliance
with the requirements of § 154.12(e) for
the Coast Guard to endorse the Certificate of Compliance with the name of
each cargo in Table 4 (follows § 154.1872)
that is listed on the IMO Certificate;
however if a foreign flag existing gas
vessel does not meet § 154.12 (b), (c), or
(d), an IMO Certificate issued under the
IMO ‘‘Code for Existing Ships Carrying
Liquefied Gases in Bulk, 1975’’ is not
acceptable evidence of compliance with
the requirements of this part for the
endorsement of a Certificate of Compliance.
§ 154.30 Liquefied gases not included
in table 4.
(a) A liquefied gas not appearing in
table 4 (follows § 154.1872) must be specially approved by the Commandant
(G–MSO) to be carried in bulk in U.S.
waters.
(b) A person who desires to ship a liquefied gas in bulk that is not listed in
table 4 must submit to the Commandant (G–MSO) a completed form
CG–4355. This form may be obtained
from the Commandant (G–MSO) or any
Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection
(OCMI).
(c) The Commandant (G–MSO) notifies the submitter by letter whether or
not the liquefied gas is specially approved for carriage in bulk in U.S. wa-

ters and the minimum requirements
for that carriage. If the liquefied gas is
not specially approved, the reasons
why the special approval is not granted
are included.
§ 154.32 Equivalents.
(a) A vessel that fails to meet the
standards in this part for an endorsement on a Certificate of Inspection or a
Certificate of Compliance may meet an
alternate standard if the Commandant
(G–MSO) finds that the alternate
standard provides an equivalent or
greater level of protection for the purpose of safety.
(b) The Commandant (G–MSO) considers issuance of a finding of equivalence to the standard required by this
part if the person requesting the finding submits a written application to
the Commandant (G–MSO) that includes—
(1) A detailed explanation of the vessel’s characteristics that do not meet
the requirements in this part; and
(2) An explanation of how each substituted standard would enable the vessel to meet a level of safety that would
be equivalent to or greater than the
standard in this part.
(c) Operational methods or procedures may not be substituted for a particular fitting, material, appliance, apparatus, item, or type of equipment required in this part.
§ 154.34 Special approval: Requests.
Each request for special approval
must be in writing and submitted to
the Commandant (G–MSO), U.S. Coast
Guard, 2100 Second Street SW., Washington, DC 20593–0001.
§ 154.36 Correspondence and vessel information: Submission.
Correspondence to the Coast Guard
and all vessel information submitted to
the Coast Guard must be in English,
except—
(a) IMO Certificates may be in
French; and
(b) SOLAS Certificates may be in the
official language of the flag administration.
§ 154.40 Right of appeal.
Any person directly affected by a decision or action taken under this part,

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§ 154.150

46 CFR Ch. I (10–1–01 Edition)

by or on behalf of the Coast Guard,
may appeal therefrom in accordance
with subpart 1.03 of this chapter.
[CGD 88–033, 54 FR 50381, Dec. 6, 1989]

Subpart B—Inspections and Tests
EXAMINATION REQUIREMENTS FOR
FOREIGN FLAG VESSELS
§ 154.150 Examination required for a
Certificate of Compliance.
Before a vessel receives an initial or
reissued Certificate of Compliance endorsed with the name of a cargo from
Table 4 of this part, the vessel must
call at a United States port for an examination, during which the Officer in
Charge, Marine Inspection, determines
whether or not the vessel meets the requirements of this chapter.
[CGD 81–052, 50 FR 8734, Mar. 5, 1985]

§ 154.151 Procedures for having the
Coast Guard examine a vessel for a
Certificate of Compliance.
To have the Coast Guard examine the
vessel for a Certificate of Compliance,
as required in § 154.150, the owner of a
foreign flag vessel must proceed as follows:
(a) After submitting an application
under § 154.22, await notification by the
Commanding Officer, Marine Safety
Center that review of the vessel’s plans
or IMO Certificate and supporting documents is complete.
(b) Except when paragraph (c) of this
section applies,
(1) After receiving notification from
Commanding Officer, Marine Safety
Center that review is complete and the
application is acceptable, dispatch the
vessel to a United States port;
(2) Notify the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection, for the port where the
vessel is to be inspected at least seven
days before the vessel arrives and arrange the exact time and other details
of the examination. This notification is
in addition to any other pre-arrival notice to the Coast Guard required by
other regulations and must include:
(i) The name of the vessel’s first U.S.
port of call;
(ii) The date the vessel is scheduled
to arrive;

(iii) The name and telephone number
of the owner’s local agent; and
(iv) The names of all cargoes listed in
Table 4 of this part that are on board
the vessel;
(3) Make sure that the following
items are available on board the vessel
for the use of the Marine Inspector before beginning the examination required by § 154.150:
(i) A general arrangement (including
the location of firefighting, safety, and
lifesaving gear); and
(ii) The cargo manual required by
§ 154.1810.
(c) If the vessel was accepted for U.S.
service on the basis of Coast Guard
plan review under § 154.5(b), the vessel
owner must notify Commanding Officer, Marine Safety Center fourteen
days prior to the vessel’s arrival at a
U.S. port. This notification must include:
(1) The name of the vessel’s first U.S.
port of call;
(2) The date the vessel is scheduled to
arrive;
(3) The name and telephone number
of the owner’s local agent; and
(4) The names of all cargoes listed in
Table 4 of this part that are on board
the vessel.
[CGD 81–052, 50 FR 8734, Mar. 5, 1985; 50 FR
15895, Apr. 23, 1985; CGD 77–069, 52 FR 31630,
Aug. 21, 1987; CGD 95–072, 60 FR 50466, Sept.
29, 1995; 60 FR 54106, Oct. 19, 1995]

Subpart C—Design, Construction
and Equipment
HULL STRUCTURE
§ 154.170 Outer hull steel plating.
(a) Except as required in paragraph
(b) of this section, the outer hull steel
plating, including the shell and deck
plating must meet the material standards of the American Bureau of Shipping published in ‘‘Rules for Building
and Classing Steel Vessels’’ 1981.
(b) Along the length of the cargo
area, grades of steel must be as follows:
(1) The deck stringer and sheer
strake must be at least Grade E steel
or a grade of steel that has equivalent
chemical properties, mechanical properties, and heat treatment, and that is
specially approved by the Commandant
(G–MSO).

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Coast Guard, DOT

§ 154.176

(2) The strake at the turn of the bilge
must be Grade D, Grade E, or a grade of
steel that has equivalent chemical
properties, mechanical properties, and
heat treatment, and that is specially
approved by the Commandant (G–
MSO).
(3) The outer hull steel of vessels
must meet the standards in § 154.172 if
the hull steel temperature is calculated to be below ¥5 °C (23 °F) assuming:
(i) For any waters in the world, the
ambient cold conditions of still air at 5
°C (41 °F) and still sea water at 0 °C (32
°F);
(ii) For cargo containment systems
with secondary barriers, the temperature of the secondary barrier is the design temperature; and
(iii) For cargo containment systems
without secondary barriers, the temperature of the cargo tank is the design
temperature.
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 82–063b, 48 FR 4782, Feb. 3,
1983; CGD 77–069, 52 FR 31630, Aug. 21, 1987]

§ 154.172 Contiguous steel hull structure.
(a) Except as allowed in paragraphs
(b) and (c) of this section, plates, forgings, forged and rolled fittings, and
rolled and forged bars and shapes used
in the construction of the contiguous
steel hull structure must meet the
thickness and steel grade in Table 1 for
the temperatures under §§ 154.174(b) and
154.176(b).
(b) for a minimum temperature, determined
under
§§ 154,174(b)
and
154.176(b), below ¥25 °C (¥13 °F ), the
contiguous steel hull structure must
meet § 54.25–10 for that minimum temperature.
(c) If a steel grade that is not listed
in Table 1 has the equivalent chemical
properties, mechanical properties, and
heat treatment of a steel grade that is
listed, the steel grade not listed may be
specially approved by the Commandant
(G–MSO), for use in the contiguous hull
structure.

TABLE 1—MINIMUM TEMPERATURE, THICKNESS,
AND STEEL GRADES IN CONTIGUOUS HULL
STRUCTURES
Minimum temperature

Steel thickness

Steel 1 grade

0 °C (32 °F) ....

All ..........................

¥10 °C (14
°F).

T≤112.5 mm (1⁄2
in.).
12.5< t≤25.5 mm
(1 in.).
>25.5 mm (1 in.) ...
t≤112.5 mm (1⁄2
in.).
>12.5 mm (1⁄2 in.)

Standards of the
American Bureau of
Shipping published
in ‘‘Rules for Building and Classing
Steel Vessels’’,
1981
B

¥25 °C (¥13
°F).

D
E
D
E

1 Steel

grade of the American Bureau of Shipping published
in ‘‘Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels’’, 1981.

[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 82–063b, 48 FR 4782, Feb. 3,
1983; CGD 77–069, 52 FR 31630, Aug. 21, 1987]

§ 154.174 Transverse contiguous hull
structure.
(a) The transverse contiguous hull
structure of a vessel having cargo containment systems without secondary
barriers must meet the standards of
the American Bureau of Shipping published in ‘‘Rules for Building and
Classing Steel Vessels’’, 1981.
(b) The transverse contiguous hull
structure of a vessel having cargo containment systems with secondary barriers must be designed for a temperature that is:
(1) Colder than the calculated temperature of this hull structure when:
(i) The temperature of the secondary
barrier is the design temperature, and
(ii) The ambient cold condition under
§ 154.176(b)(1)(ii) and (iii) are assumed;
or
(2) Maintained by the heating system
under § 154.178.
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 77–069, 52 FR 31630, Aug. 21,
1987]

§ 154.176 Longitudinal contiguous hull
structure.
(a) The longitudinal contiguous hull
structure of a vessel having cargo containment systems without secondary

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§ 154.178

46 CFR Ch. I (10–1–01 Edition)

barriers must meet the standards of
the American Bureau of Shipping published in ‘‘Rules for Building and
Classing Steel Vessels’’, 1981.
(b) The longitudinal contiguous hull
structure of a vessel having cargo containment systems with secondary barriers must be designed for a temperature that is:
(1) Colder than the calculated temperature of this hull structure when:
(i) The temperature of the secondary
barrier is the design temperature; and
(ii) For any waters in the world except Alaskan waters, the ambient cold
condition of:
(A) Five knots air at ¥18 °C (0 °F);
and
(B) Still sea water at 0 °C (32 °F); or
(iii) For Alaskan waters the ambient
cold condition of:
(A) Five knots air at ¥29 °C (¥20 °F);
and
(B) Still sea water at ¥2 °C (28 °F); or
(2) Maintained by the heating system
under § 154.178, if, without heat, the
contiguous hull structure is designed
for a temperature that is colder than
the calculated temperature of the hull
structure assuming the:
(i) Temperature of the secondary barrier is the design temperature; and
(ii) Ambient cold conditions of still
air at 5 °C (41 °F) and still sea water at
0 °C (32 °F).
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 77–069, 52 FR 31630, Aug. 21,
1987]

§ 154.178 Contiguous hull structure:
Heating system.
The heating system for transverse
and longitudinal contiguous hull structure must:
(a) Be shown by a heat load calculation to have the heating capacity to
meet § 154.174(b)(2) or § 154.176(b)(2);
(b) Have stand-by heating to provide
100% of the required heat load and distribution determined under paragraph
(a); and
(c) Meet Parts 52, 53, and 54 of this
chapter.
§ 154.180 Contiguous hull structure:
Welding procedure.
Welding procedure tests for contiguous hull structure designed for a temperature colder than ¥18 °C (0 °F) must

meet § 54.05–15 and subpart 57.03 of this
chapter.
§ 154.182 Contiguous hull structure:
Production weld test.
If a portion of the contiguous hull
structure is designed for a temperature
colder than ¥34 °C (¥30 °F) and is not
part of the secondary barrier, each
100m (328 ft.) of full penetration butt
welded joints in that portion of the
contiguous hull structure must pass
the following production weld tests in
the position that the joint is welded:
(a) Bend tests under § 57.06–4 of this
chapter.
(b) A Charpy V-notch toughness test
under § 57.06–5 of this chapter on one
set of 3 specimens alternating the
notch location on successive tests between the center of the weld and the
most critical location in the heat affected zone.2
(c) If the contiguous hull structure
does not pass the test under paragraph
(b) of this section, the retest procedures under § 54.05–5(c) must be met.
§ 154.188 Membrane tank: Inner hull
steel.
For a vessel with membrane tanks,
the inner hull plating thickness must
meet the deep tank requirements of the
American Bureau of Shipping published
in ‘‘Rules for Building and Classing
Steel Vessels’’, 1981.
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 77–069, 52 FR 31630, Aug. 21,
1987]

§ 154.195 Aluminum cargo tank: Steel
enclosure.
(a) An aluminum cargo tank and its
dome must be enclosed by the vessel’s
hull structure or a separate steel cover.
(b) The steel cover for the aluminum
cargo tank must meet the steel structural standards of the American Bureau of Shipping published in ‘‘Rules
for Building and Classing Steel Vessels’’, 1981.
(c) The steel cover for the aluminum
tank dome must be:
2 The most critical location in the heat affected zone of the weld is based on procedure
qualification results, except austenitic stainless steel need have notches only in the center of the weld.

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Coast Guard, DOT

§ 154.310

(1) At least 3.2 mm (1⁄8 in.) thick;
(2) Separated from the tank dome,
except at the support points; and
(3) Thermally isolated from the
dome.
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 77–069, 52 FR 31630, Aug. 21,
1987]

SHIP SURVIVAL CAPABILITY AND CARGO
TANK LOCATION
§ 154.200 Stability requirements: General.
Each vessel must meet the applicable
requirements in subchapter S of this
chapter.
[CGD 79–023, 48 FR 51009, Nov. 4, 1983]

§ 154.235 Cargo tank location.
(a) For type IG hulls, cargo tanks
must be located inboard of:
(1) The transverse extent of damage
for collision penetration specified in
Table 172.180 of this chapter;
(2) The vertical extent of damage for
grounding penetration specified in
Table 172.180 of this chapter; and
(3) 30 inches (760 mm) from the shell
plating.
(b) For type IIG, IIPG, and IIIG hulls,
cargo tanks must be located inboard of:
(1) The vertical extent of damage for
grounding penetration specified in
Table 172.180 of this chapter; and
(2) 30 inches (760 mm) from the shell
plating.
(c) In vessels having membrane and
semi-membrane tanks, the vertical and
transverse extents of damage must be
measured to the inner hull.
(d) For type IIG, IIPG, and IIIG hulls,
cargo tank suction wells may penetrate into the area of bottom damage
specified as the vertical extent of damage for grounding penetration in Table
172.180 of this chapter if the penetration is the lesser of 25% of the double
bottom height or 13.8 in. (350 mm).
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 79–023, 48 FR 51010, Nov. 4,
1983]

SHIP ARRANGEMENTS
§ 154.300 Segregation of hold spaces
from other spaces.
Hold spaces must be segregated from
machinery and boiler spaces, accom-

modation, service and control spaces,
chain lockers, potable, domestic and
feed water tanks, store rooms and
spaces immediately below or outboard
of hold spaces by a:
(a) Cofferdam, fuel oil tank, or single
gastight A–60 Class Division of all
welded construction in a cargo containment system not required by this part
to have a secondary barrier;
(b) Cofferdam or fuel oil tank in a
cargo containment system required by
this part to have a secondary barrier;
or
(c) If there are no sources of ignition
or fire hazards in the adjoining space,
single gastight A–O Class Division of
all welded construction.
§ 154.305 Segregation of hold spaces
from the sea.
In vessels having cargo containment
systems required by this part to have a
secondary barrier, hold spaces must be
segregated from the sea by:
(a) A double bottom if the cargo
tanks meet this part for design temperatures colder than ¥10 °C (14 °F);
and
(b) Wing tanks if the cargo tanks
meet this part for design temperatures
colder than ¥55 °C (¥67 °F).
§ 154.310

Cargo piping systems.

Cargo liquid or vapor piping must:
(a) Be separated from other piping
systems, except where an interconnection to inert gas or purge piping is required by § 154.901(a);
(b) Not enter or pass through any accommodation, service, or control
space;
(c) Except as allowed under § 154.703,
not enter or pass through a machinery
space other than a cargo pump or compressor room;
(d) Be in the cargo area except:
(1) As allowed under § 154.703;
(2) Bow and stern loading piping; and
(3) Emergency jettisoning piping.
(e) Be above the weather deck except:
(1) As allowed under § 154.703;
(2) Pipes in a trunk traversing void
spaces above a cargo containment system; and
(3) Pipes for draining, venting, or
purging interbarrier and hold spaces;

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§ 154.315

46 CFR Ch. I (10–1–01 Edition)

(f) Connect into the cargo containment system above the weather deck
except:
(1) Pipes in a trunk traversing void
spaces above a cargo containment system; and
(2) Pipes for draining, venting, or
purging interbarrier and hold spaces.
(g) Be inboard of the transverse cargo
tank location required by § 154.235, except for athwartship shore connection
manifolds not subject to internal pressure at sea.
§ 154.315 Cargo pump and cargo compressor rooms.
(a) Cargo pump rooms and cargo compressor rooms must be above the
weather deck and must be within the
cargo area.
(b) Where pumps and compressors are
driven by a prime mover in an adjacent
gas safe space:
(1) The bulkhead or deck must be
gastight; and
(2) The shafting passing through the
bulkhead or deck must be sealed by a
fixed oil reservoir gland seal, a pressure grease seal, or another type of
positive pressure seal specially approved by the Commandant (G–MSO).
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 82–063b, 48 FR 4782, Feb. 3,
1983]

§ 154.320

Cargo control stations.

(a) Cargo control stations must be
above the weather deck.
(b) If a cargo control station is in accommodation, service, or control
spaces or has access to such a space,
the station must:
(1) Be a gas safe space;
(2) Have an access to the space that
meets § 154.330; and
(3) Have indirect reading instrumentation, except for gas detectors.
(c) Cargo control stations, including
a room or area, must contain all
alarms, indicators, and remote controls
associated with each cargo tank that
the station controls.
§ 154.325 Accommodation, service, and
control spaces.
(a) Accommodation, service, and control spaces must be outside the cargo
area.

(b) If a hold space having a cargo containment system, required by this part
to have a secondary barrier, is separated from any accommodation, service, or control space by a cruciform
joint, there must be a cofferdam providing at least 760 mm (30 inches) by
760 mm (30 inches) clearance on one
side of the cruciform joint.
§ 154.330 Openings to accommodation,
service, or control spaces.
(a) Entrances, forced or natural ventilation intakes and exhausts, and
other openings to accommodation,
service, or control spaces, except as allowed in paragraph (c) of this section,
must be:
(1) At least L/25 or 3.05m (10 ft) from
the athwartship bulkhead facing the
cargo area, whichever is farther, except
that the distance need not exceed 5m
(16.4 ft); and
(2) On a house athwartship bulkhead
not facing the cargo area or on the outboard side of the house.
(b) Each port light, located on the
athwartship bulkhead of a house facing
the cargo area or the house sides within the distance specified in paragraph
(a)(1) of this section, must be a fixed
type.
(c) Wheelhouse doors and windows
that are not fixed may be within the
distance specified in paragraph (a)(1) of
this section from the athwartship bulkhead of a house facing the cargo area,
if they have gaskets and pass a tightness test with a fire hose at not less
than 207 kPa gauge (30 psig).
(d) Port lights in the hull plating
below the uppermost continuous deck
and in the first tier of the superstructure must be a fixed type.
(e) Air intakes and openings into accommodation, service, and control
spaces must have metal closures that
pass a tightness test with a fire hose at
not less than 207 kPa gauge (30 psig).
(f) On liquefied toxic gas vessels, the
closures required in paragraph (e) of
this section must be capable of being
closed from inside the space.
§ 154.340 Access to tanks and spaces in
the cargo area.
(a) Each cargo tank must have a
manhole from the weather deck, the

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Coast Guard, DOT

§ 154.355

clear opening of which is at least 600
mm by 600 mm (23.6 in. by 23.6 in.).
(b) Each access into and through a
void space or other gas-dangerous
space in the cargo area, except spaces
described in paragraph (e) of the definition for ‘‘gas-dangerous space’’ in
§ 154.7, must—
(1) Have a clear opening of at least
600 mm by 600 mm (23.6 in. by 23.6 in.)
through horizontal openings, hatches,
or manholes;
(2) Have a clear opening of at least
600 mm by 800 mm (23.6 in. by 31.5 in.)
through bulkheads, frames or other
vertical structural members; and
(3) Have a fixed ladder if the lower
edge of a vertical opening is more than
600 mm (23.6 in.) above the deck or bottom plating.
(c) Each access trunk in the cargo
area must be at least 760 mm (30 in.) in
diameter.
(d) The lower edge of each access
from the weather deck to gas-safe
spaces in the cargo area must be at
least 2.4 m (7.9 ft.) above the weather
deck or the access must be through an
air lock that meets § 154.345.
(e) The inner hull in the cargo area
must be accessible for inspection from
at least one side without the removal
of any fixed structure or fitting.
(f) The hold space insulation in the
cargo area must be accessible for inspection from at least one side from
within the hold space or there must be
a means, that is specially approved by
the Commandant, of determining from
outside the hold space whether or not
the hold space insulation meets this
part.
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 77–069, 52 FR 31630, Aug. 21,
1987]

§ 154.345 Air locks.
(a) An air lock may be used for access
from a gas-dangerous zone on the
weather deck to a gas-safe space.
(b) Each air lock must:
(1) Consist of two steel doors, at least
1.5 m (4.9 ft.) but not more than 2.5 m
(8.2 ft.) apart, each gasketed and tight
when tested with a fire hose at not less
207 kPa gauge (30 psig);
(2) Have self-closing doors with no
latches or other devices for holding
them open;

(3) Have an audible and visual alarm
on both sides which are actuated when
both door securing devices are in other
than the fully closed position at the
same time;
(4) Have mechanical ventilation in
the space between the doors from a
gas-safe area;
(5) Have a pressure greater than that
of the gas-dangerous area on the
weather deck;
(6) Have the rate of air change in the
space between the doors of at least 8
changes per hour; and
(7) Have the space between the doors
monitored for cargo vapor leaks under
§ 154.1350.
(c) In addition to the requirements of
paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section,
no gas-safe space on a liquefied flammable gas carrier may have an air lock
unless the space:
(1) Is mechanically ventilated to
make the pressure in the space greater
than that in the air lock; and
(2) Has a means of automatically deenergizing all electrical equipment
that is not explosion-proof in the space
when the pressure in the space falls to
or below the pressure in the air lock.
§ 154.350 Bilge and ballast systems in
the cargo area.
(a) Hold, interbarrier, and insulation
spaces must have a means of sounding
the space or other means of detecting
liquid leakage specially approved by
the Commandant (G–MSO).
(b) Each hold and insulation space
must have a bilge drainage system.
(c) Interbarrier spaces must have an
eductor or pump for removing liquid
cargo and returning it to the cargo
tanks or to an emergency jettisoning
system meeting § 154.356.
(d) Spaces in the cargo containment
portion of the vessel, except ballast
spaces and gas-safe spaces, must not
connect to pumps in the main machinery space.
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 82–063b, 48 FR 4782, Feb. 3,
1983]

§ 154.355 Bow and stern loading piping.
(a) Bow and stern loading piping
must:
(1) Meet § 154.310;

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§ 154.356

46 CFR Ch. I (10–1–01 Edition)

(2) Be installed in an area away from
the accommodation, service, or control
space on type IG hulls;
(3) Be clearly marked;
(4) Be segregated from the cargo piping by a removable spool piece in the
cargo area or by at least two shut-off
valves in the cargo area that have
means of locking to meet § 154.1870(a);
(5) Have a means for checking for
cargo vapor between the two valves
under paragraph (a)(4) of this section;
(6) Have fixed inert gas purging lines;
and
(7) Have fixed vent lines for purging
with inert gas to meet § 154.1870(b).
(b) Entrances, forced or natural ventilation intakes, exhausts, and other
openings to accommodation, service, or
control spaces that face the bow or
stern loading area must meet § 154.330.
§ 154.356 Cargo emergency jettisoning
piping.
Emergency jettisoning piping must:
(a) Meet § 154.355(a);
(b) Be designed to allow cargo discharge without the outer hull steel
temperature falling below the minimum temperatures under §§ 154.170 and
154.172; and
(c) Be specially approved by the Commandant (G–MSO).
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 82–063b, 48 FR 4782, Feb. 3,
1983]

CARGO CONTAINMENT SYSTEMS
§ 154.401

Definitions.

As used in §§154.440 and 154.447:
‘‘σY’’ means the minimum yield
strength of the tank material, including weld metal, at room temperature.
‘‘σB’’
means
minimum
tensile
strength of the tank material, including weld metals, at room temperature.
§ 154.405 Design vapor pressure (Po) of
a
cargo tank.
(a) The design vapor pressure (Po) of
a cargo tank must be equal to or greater than the MARVS.
(b) The Po of a cargo tank must be
equal to or greater than the vapor pressure of the cargo at 45 °C (113 °F) if:
(1) The cargo tank has no temperature control for the cargo; and

(2) The vapor pressure of the cargo
results solely from ambient temperature.
(c) The Po of a cargo tank may be exceeded under harbor conditions if specially approved by the Commandant
(G–MSO).
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 82–063b, 48 FR 4782, Feb. 3,
1983]

§ 154.406 Design loads for cargo tanks
and fixtures: General.
(a) Calculations must show that a
cargo tank and its fixtures are designed for the following loads:
(1) Internal pressure head.
(2) External pressure load.
(3) Dynamic loads resulting from the
motion of the vessel.
(4) Transient or stationary thermal
loads if the design temperature is colder that ¥55 °C (¥67 °F) or causes thermal stresses in cargo tank supports.
(5) Sloshing loads, if the cargo tank
is designed for partial loads.
(6) Loads resulting from vessel’s deflection.
(7) Tank weight, cargo weight, and
corresponding support reaction.
(8) Insulation weight.
(9) Loads of a pipe tower and any
other attachments to the cargo tank.
(10) Vapor pressure loads in harbor
conditions allowed under § 154.405.
(11) Gas pressurization if the cargo
tank is designed for gas pressurization
as a means of cargo transfer.
(b) A cargo tank must be designed for
the most unfavorable static heel angle
within a 0° to 30° range without exceeding the allowable stress of the material.
(c) A hydrostatic or hydropneumatic
test design load must be specially approved by the Commandant (G–MSO).
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 82–063b, 48 FR 4782, Feb. 3,
1983]

§ 154.407 Cargo tank internal pressure
head.
(a) For the calculation required
under § 154.406(a)(1) and (b), the internal
pressure head (heq), must be determined from the following formula:
heq=10 Po+(hgd)max
where:

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Coast Guard, DOT

§ 154.407

hgd (the value of internal pressure, in meters
of fresh water, resulting from the combined effects of gravity and dynamic accelerations of a full tank)=aβ Zβ Y;
where:
aβ=dimensionless acceleration relative to the
acceleration of gravity resulting from

gravitational and dynamic loads in the β
direction (see figure 1);
Zβ=largest liquid height (m) above the point
where the pressure is to be determined in
the β direction (see figure 2);
Y=maximum specific weight of the cargo (t/
m3) at the design temperature.

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§ 154.407

46 CFR Ch. I (10–1–01 Edition)

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Coast Guard, DOT

§ 154.409

(b) The (hgd) max is determined for
the β direction, on the ellipse in Figure
1, which gives the maximum value for
hgd.
(c) When the longitudinal acceleration is considered in addition to the
vertical transverse acceleration, an ellipsoid must be used in the calculations
instead of the ellipse contained in Figure 1.
§ 154.408 Cargo tank external pressure
load.
For the calculation required under
§ 154.406 (a)(2) and (b), the external pressure load must be the difference between the minimum internal pressure

(maximum vacuum), and the maximum
external pressure to which any portion
of the cargo tank may be simultaneously subjected.
§ 154.409 Dynamic loads from vessel
motion.
(a) For the calculation required
under § 154.406 (a)(3) and (b), the dynamic loads must be determined from
the long term distribution of vessel
motions, including the effects of surge,
sway, heave, roll, pitch, and yaw on irregular seas that the vessel may experience during 108 wave encounters. The
speed used for this calculation may be
reduced from the ship service speed if

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§ 154.409

46 CFR Ch. I (10–1–01 Edition)

specially approved by the Commandant
(G–MSO) and if that reduced speed is
used in the hull strength calculation
under § 31.10–5(c) of this chapter.
(b) If the loads determined under
paragraphs (c), (d), or (e) of this section
result in a design stress that is lower
than the allowable stress of the material under §§ 154.610, 154.615, or 154.620,
the allowable stress must be reduced to
that stress determined in paragraphs
(c), (d), or (e).
(c) If a tank is designed to avoid plastic deformation and buckling, then acceleration components of the dynamic

loads must be determined for the largest loads the vessel may experience
during an operating life corresponding
to the probability level of 10¥8, by
using one of the following methods:
(1) Method 1 is a detailed analysis of
the vessel’s acceleration components.
(2) Method 2 applies to vessels of 50 m
(164 ft) or more in length and is an
analysis by the following formulae that
corresponds to a 10¥8 probability level
in the North Atlantic:
(i) Vertical acceleration under paragraph (f)(1) of this section:

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§ 154.409

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§ 154.409

46 CFR Ch. I (10–1–01 Edition)

(d) If a cargo tank is designed to
avoid fatigue, the dynamic loads determined under paragraph (a) of this section must be used to develop the dynamic spectrum.
(e) If a cargo tank is designed to
avoid uncontrolled crack propagation,
the dynamic loads are:

(1) Determined under paragraph (a) of
this section; and
(2) For a load distribution for a period of 15 days by the method in Figure
3.

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§ 154.421

(f) When determining the accelerations for dynamic loads under paragraph (a) of this section, the accelerations acting in a cargo tank must be
estimated for the cargo tank’s center
of gravity and include the following
component accelerations:
(1) Vertical accelerations, meaning
the motion acceleration of heave and
pitch, and of any roll normal to the
vessel base that has an effect on the
component acceleration.
(2) Transverse acceleration, meaning
the motion acceleration of sway, yaw
and roll, and gravity component of roll.
(3) Longitudinal acceleration, meaning the motion acceleration of surge
and pitch and gravity component of
pitch.
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 82–063b, 48 FR 4782, Feb. 3,
1983]

§ 154.410

Cargo tank sloshing loads.

(a) For the calculation required
under § 154.406 (a)(5) and (b), the determined sloshing loads resulting from
the accelerations under § 154.409(f) must
be specially approved by the Commandant (G–MSO).
(b) If the sloshing loads affect the
cargo tank scantlings, an analysis of
the effects of the sloshing loads in addition to the calculation under paragraph (a) of this section must be specially approved by the Commandant
(G–MSO).
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 82–063b, 48 FR 4782, Feb. 3,
1983]

§ 154.411

Cargo tank thermal loads.

For the calculations required under
§ 154.406(a)(4), the following determined
loads must be specially approved by
the Commandant (G–MSO):
(a) Transient thermal loads for the
cooling down periods of cargo tanks for
design temperatures lower than ¥55 °C
(¥67 °F).
(b) Stationary thermal loads for
cargo tanks for design temperatures
lower than ¥55 °C (¥67 °F) that cause
high thermal stress.
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 82–063b, 48 FR 4782, Feb. 3,
1983]

§ 154.412 Cargo tank corrosion allowance.
A cargo tank must be designed with
a corrosion allowance if the cargo
tank:
(a) is located in a space that does not
have inert gas or dry air; or
(b) carries a cargo that corrodes the
tank material.
NOTE: Corrosion allowance for independent
tank type C is contained in § 54.01–35 of this
chapter.

INTEGRAL TANKS
§ 154.418

General.

An integral tank must not be designed for a temperature colder than
¥10 °C (14 °F), unless the tank is specially approved by the Commandant
(G–MSO).
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 82–063b, 48 FR 4782, Feb. 3,
1983]

§ 154.419

Design vapor pressure.

The Po of an integral tank must not
exceed 24.5 kPa gauge (3.55 psig) unless
special approval by the Commandant
(G–MSO) allows a Po between 24.5 kPa
gauge (3.55 psig) and 69 kPa gauge (10
psig).
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 82–063b, 48 FR 4782, Feb. 3,
1983]

§ 154.420

Tank design.

(a) The structure of an integral tank
must meet the deep tank scantling
standards of the American Bureau of
Shipping published in ‘‘Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels’’, 1981.
(b) The structure of an integral tank
must be designed and shown by calculation to withstand the internal
pressure determined under § 154.407.
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 77–069, 52 FR 31630, Aug. 21,
1987]

§ 154.421

Allowable stress.

The allowable stress for the integral
tank structure must meet the American Bureau of Shipping’s allowable
stress for the vessel’s hull published in

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§ 154.425

46 CFR Ch. I (10–1–01 Edition)

‘‘Rules for Building and Classing Steel
Vessels’’, 1981.

stresses that are specially approved by
the Commandant (G–MSO).

[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 77–069, 52 FR 31630, Aug. 21,
1987]

[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 82–063b, 48 FR 4782, Feb. 3,
1983]

§ 154.429

MEMBRANE TANKS
§ 154.425

General.

The design of the hull structure and
the design of the membrane tank system, that includes the membrane tank,
secondary barrier, including welds, the
supporting insulation, and pressure
control equipment, must be specially
approved by the Commandant (G–
MSO).
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 82–063b, 48 FR 4782, Feb. 3,
1983]

§ 154.426

Design vapor pressure.

The Po of a membrane tank must not
exceed 24.5 kPa gauge (3.55 psig) unless
special approval by the Commandant
(G–MSO) allows a Po between 24.5 kPa
gauge (3.55 psig) and 69 kPa gauge (10
psig).
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 82–063b, 48 FR 4782, Feb. 3,
1983]

§ 154.427 Membrane tank system design.
A membrane tank system must be
designed for:
(a) Any static and dynamic loads
with respect to plastic deformation and
fatigue;
(b) Combined strains from static, dynamic, and thermal loads;
(c) Preventing collapse of the membrane from:
(1) Over-pressure in the interbarrier
space;
(2) Vacuum in the cargo tank;
(3) Sloshing in a partially filled cargo
tank; and
(4) Hull vibrations; and
(d) The deflections of the vessel’s
hull.
§ 154.428

Allowable stress.

The membrane tank and the supporting insulation must have allowable

Calculations.

The tank design load calculations for
a membrane tank must include the following:
(a) Plastic deformation and fatigue
life resulting from static and dynamic
loads in the membrane and the supporting insulation.
(b) The response of the membrane
and its supporting insulation to vessel
motion and acceleration under the
worst weather conditions. Calculations
from a similar vessel may be submitted
to meet this paragraph.
(c) The combined strains from static,
dynamic, and thermal loads.
§ 154.430

Material test.

(a) The membrane and the membrane
supporting insulation must be made of
materials that withstand the combined
strains calculated under § 154.429(c).
(b) Analyzed data of a material test
for the membrane and the membrane
supporting insulation must be submitted to the Commandant (G–MSO).
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 82–063b, 48 FR 4782, Feb. 3,
1983]

§ 154.431

Model test.

(a) The primary and secondary barrier of a membrane tank, including the
corners and joints, must withstand the
combined strains from static, dynamic,
and thermal loads calculated under
§ 154.429(c).
(b) Analyzed data of a model test for
the primary and secondary barrier of
the membrane tank must be submitted
to the Commandant (G–MSO).
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 82–063b, 48 FR 4782, Feb. 3,
1983]

§ 154.432

Expansion and contraction.

The support system of a membrane
tank must allow for thermal and physical expansion and contraction of the
tank.

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Coast Guard, DOT

§ 154.447

SEMI-MEMBRANE TANKS
§ 154.435

General.

(a) The design of a semi-membrane
tank, the supporting insulation for the
tank, and the supporting hull structure
for the tank must be specially approved by the Commandant (G–MSO).
(b) A semi-membrane tank must be
designed to meet:
(1) § 154.425 through § 154.432;
(2) § 154.437 through § 154.440; or
(3) § 154.444 through § 154.449.
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 82–063b, 48 FR 4782, Feb. 3,
1983]

§ 154.436

Design vapor pressure.

The Po of a semi-membrane tank
must not exceed 24.5 kPa gauge (3.55
psig) unless special approval by the
Commandant (G–MSO) allows a Po between 24.5 kPa gauge (3.55 psig) and 69
kPa gauge (10 psig).
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 82–063b, 48 FR 4782, Feb. 3,
1983]

INDEPENDENT TANK TYPE A
§ 154.437

General.

An independent tank type A must
meet § 154.438 through § 154.440.
§ 154.438

Design vapor pressure.

(a) If the surface of an independent
tank type A are mostly flat surfaces,the Po must not exceed 69 kPa
gauge (10 psig).
(b) If the surfaces of an independent
tank type A are formed by bodies of
revolution, the design calculation of
the Po must be specially approved by
the Commandant (G–MSO).
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 82–063b, 48 FR 4782, Feb. 3,
1983]

§ 154.439

Tank design.

(b) Withstand loads from tank supports calculated under §§ 154.470 and
154.471; and
(c) Have a corrosion allowance that
meets § 154.412.
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 77–069, 52 FR 31630, Aug. 21,
1987]

§ 154.440

[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 82–063b, 48 FR 4782, Feb. 3,
1983; CGD 77–069, 52 FR 31630, Aug. 21, 1987]

INDEPENDENT TANK TYPE B
§ 154.444

General.

An independent tank type B must be
designed to meet §§ 154.445 through
154.449.
§ 154.445

Design vapor pressure.

If the surfaces of an independent
tank type B are mostly flat surfaces,
the Po must not exceed 69 kPa gauge
(10 psig).
§ 154.446

An independent tank type A must
meet the deep tank standard of the
American Bureau of Shipping published
in ‘‘Rules for Building and Classing
Steel Vessels’’, 1981, and must:
(a) Withstand the internal pressure
determined under § 154.407;

Allowable stress.

(a) The allowable stresses for an independent tank type A must:
(1) For tank web frames, stringers, or
girders of carbon manganese steel or
aluminum alloys, meet σB/2.66 or σY/
1.33, whichever is less; and
(2) For other materials, be specially
approved by the Commandant (G–
MSO).
(b) A greater allowable stress than
required in paragraph (a)(1) of this section may be specially approved by the
Commandant (G–MSO) if the equivalent stress (σc) is calculated from the
formula in Appendix A of this part.
(c) Tank plating must meet the
American Bureau of Shipping’s deep
tank standards, for an internal pressure head that meets § 154.439(a), published in ‘‘Rules for Building and
Classing Steel Vessels’’, 1981.

Tank design.

An independent tank type B must
meet the calculations under § 154.448.
§ 154.447

Allowable stress.

(a) An independent tank type B designed from bodies of revolution must

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§ 154.448

46 CFR Ch. I (10–1–01 Edition)

have allowable stresses 3 determined by
the following formulae:
σm≤ f
σL≤ 1.5 f
σb≤ 1.5 F
σL + σb≤ 1.5 F
σm + σb≤ 1.5 F
where:

σm=equivalent primary general membrane stress 4
σL=equivalent primary local membrane stress 4
σb=equivalent
primary
bending
stress 4
f=the lesser of (σB/A) or (σY/B)
F=the lesser of (σB/C) or (σY/D)
A, B, C, and D=stress factors in Table
2.

(d) A tank buckling analysis considering the maximum construction tolerance.
(e) A finite element analysis using
the loads determined under § 154.406.
(f) A fracture mechanics analysis
using the loads determined under
§ 154.406.
(g) The cumulative effects of the fatigue load from the following formula:

n1 10 3
∑ N + N ≤ Cw
1
j
where:
ni=the number of stress cycles at each
stress level during the life of the vessel;
Ni=the number of cycles to failure for corresponding stress levels from the Wohler
(S–N) curve;
Nj=the number of cycles to failure from
the fatigue load by loading and unloading the tank; and
Cw=0.5 or less. A Cw of greater than 0.5 but
not exceeding 1.0 may be specially approved by the Commandant (G–MTH).

TABLE 2—VALUES FOR STRESS FACTORS
Nickel steel
and carbon
manganese
steel values

Austenitic
steel values

Aluminum
alloy values

4.0
2.0
3.0
1.5

4.0
1.6
3.0
1.5

4.0
1.5
3.0
1.5

Stress factors:
A .....................
B .....................
C ....................
D ....................

(b) An independent tank type B designed from plane surfaces must have
allowable stresses specially approved
by the Commandant (G–MSO).
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 82–063b, 48 FR 4782, Feb. 3,
1983]

§ 154.448

Calculations.

The following calculations for an
independent tank type B must be specially approved by the Commandant
(G–MSO):
(a) Plastic deformation, fatigue life,
buckling, and crack propagation resulting from static and dynamic loads
on the tank and its support.
(b) A three-dimensional analysis of
the stress exerted by the hull on the
tank, its support, and its keys.
(c) The response of the tank and its
support to the vessel’s motion and acceleration in irregular waves or calculations from a similar vessel.
3 See Appendix B for stress analyses definitions.
4 See Appendix A for equivalent stress.

[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 82–063b, 48 FR 4782, Feb. 3,
1983]

§ 154.449 Model test.
The following analyzed data of a
model test of structural elements for
independent tank type B must be submitted to the Commandant (G–MSO)
for special approval:
(a) Stress concentration factors.
(b) Fatigue life.
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 82–063b, 48 FR 4782, Feb. 3,
1983]

INDEPENDENT TANK TYPE C AND
PROCESS PRESSURE VESSELS
§ 154.450 General.
Independent tanks type C and process
pressure vessels must be designed to
meet the requirements under Part 54 of
this chapter, except § 54.01–40(b), and:
(a) The calculation under § 54.01–18
(b)(1) must also include the design
loads determined under § 154.406;
(b) The calculated tank plating
thickness, including any corrosion allowance, must be the minimum thickness without a negative plate tolerance; and
(c) The minimum tank plating thickness must not be less than:

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Coast Guard, DOT

§ 154.459
corrosion allowance, weight of insulation, weight of dome, weight of pipe
tower and piping, the effect of the partially filled tank, the effect of acceleration and hull deflection, and the local effect of external and internal pressure.
P4=0, or the external pressure from the
head of water from any portion of the
pressure vessel on exposed decks.

(1) 5mm (3⁄16 in.) for carbon-manganese steel and nickel steel;
(2) 3mm (1⁄8 in.) for austenitic steels;
or
(3) 7mm (9⁄32 in.) for aluminum alloys.
§ 154.451 Design vapor pressure.
The Po (kPa) of an independent tank
type C must be calculated by the following formula:
Po=196+AC(ρ) 3/2
where:
A=1.813 (σm/∆σA) 2;
σm=design primary membrane stress;
∆σA=(allowable dynamic membrane stress
for double amplitude at probability level
Q=10¥8) 53.9 MPa (7821 psi) for ferritic
and martensitic steels and 24.5 MPa (3555
psi) for 5083–0 aluminum;
C=a characteristic tank dimension that is
the greatest of h, 0.75b, or 0.45 l;
where:
h=the height of the tank or the dimension
in the vessel’s vertical direction, in meters;
b=the width of the tank or the dimension
in the vessel’s transverse direction; in
meters; and
l=the length of the tank or the dimension
in the vessel’s longitudinal direction, in
meters; and
ρ=the specific gravity of the cargo.

§ 154.452 External pressure.
The design external pressure, Pe, for
an independent tank type C must be
calculated by the following formula:
Pe=P1+P2+P3+P4
where:
P1=the vacuum relief valve setting for
tanks with a vacuum relief valve, or 24.5
kPa gauge (3.55 psig) for tanks without a
vacuum relief valve.
P2=0, or the pressure relief valve setting
for an enclosed space containing any portion of a pressure vessel.
P3=total compressive load in the tank shell
from the weight of the tank, including

§ 154.453 Failure to meet independent
tank type C standards.
If the Commandant (G–MSO) determines during plan review, that a tank
designed as an independent tank type C
fails to meet the standards under
§ 154.450, § 154.451, and 154.452 and can
not be redesigned to meet those standards, the tank may be redesigned as an
independent tank type A or B.
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 82–063b, 48 FR 4782, Feb. 3,
1983]

SECONDARY BARRIER
§ 154.459 General.
(a) Each cargo tank must have a secondary barrier that meets Table 3 and
except as allowed in Table 3, the hull
must not be the secondary barrier.
(b) If the Commandant (G–MSO) specially approves an integral tank for a
design temperature at atmospheric
pressure lower than ¥10 °C (14 °F), the
integral tank must have a complete
secondary barrier that meets § 154.460.
(c) If the Commandant (G–MSO) specially approves a semi-membrane tank
under the requirements of an independent tank type B, the semi-membrane tank may have a partial secondary barrier specially approved by
the Commandant (G–MSO).
(d) If Table 3 allows the hull to be a
secondary barrier, the vessel’s hull
must:
(1) Meet §§ 154.605 through 154.630; and
(2) Be designed for the stresses resulting from the design temperature.

TABLE 3—SECONDARY BARRIERS FOR TANKS
Cargo temperature (T) at atmospheric pressure
Tank type

Integral .....................
Membrane ................
Semi-membrane .......
Independent:
Type A ..................

T<–10 °C (14 °F)≥55 °C (¥67
°F)

T≥¥10 °C (14 °F)

allowed 1

No secondary barrier required ....
......do ..........................................
......do ..........................................

Tank type not usually
..
Complete secondary barrier 1 ......
......do ..........................................

......do ..........................................

......do ..........................................

T<¥55 °C (¥67 °F)
Tank type not allowed.
Complete secondary barrier.
Do.
Do.

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§ 154.460

46 CFR Ch. I (10–1–01 Edition)
TABLE 3—SECONDARY BARRIERS FOR TANKS—Continued
Cargo temperature (T) at atmospheric pressure

Tank type

Type B ..................
Type C ..................
1 The

T<–10 °C (14 °F)≥55 °C (¥67
°F)

T≥¥10 °C (14 °F)
......do ..........................................
......do ..........................................

barrier 1

Partial secondary
...........
No secondary barrier required ....

T<¥55 °C (¥67 °F)
Partial secondary barrier.
No secondary barrier required.

hull may be a secondary barrier.

(14 U.S.C. 632; 46 U.S.C. 369, 375, and 416; 49 U.S.C. 1655(b); 49 CFR 1.46(b))
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as amended by CGD 82–063b, 48 FR 4782, Feb. 3, 1983]

§ 154.460

Design criteria.

At static angles of heel up through
30°, a secondary barrier must
(a) If a complete secondary barrier is
required in § 154.459, hold all of the liquid cargo in the cargo tank for at least
15 days under the dynamic loads in
§ 154.409(e);
(b) If a partial secondary barrier is
permitted in § 154.459, hold any leakage
of liquid cargo corresponding to the extent of failure under § 154.448(a) after
initial detection or primary barrier
leak for at least 15 days under the dynamic loads in § 154.409(e);
(c) If the primary barrier fails, prevent the temperature of the vessel’s
structure from falling below the minimum allowable service temperature of
the steel; and
(d) Be designed so that a cargo tank
failure does not cause a failure in the
secondary barrier.
INSULATION
§ 154.465

General.

If the design temperature is below
¥10 °C (14 °F), the cargo tank insulation must prevent the temperature of
the vessel’s hull from cooling below the
minimum temperature allowed under
§ 154.172.
§ 154.466

Design criteria.

(a) The insulation for a cargo tank
without a secondary barrier must be
designed for the cargo tank at the design temperature, and for a vessel operating in:
(1) Any waters in the world, except
Alaskan waters, for the ambient cold
condition of:
(i) Five knots air at ¥18 °C (0 °F); and
(ii) Still sea water at 0 °C (32 °F); or

(2) Alaskan waters for the ambient
cold condition of:
(i) Five knots air at ¥29 °C (20 °F);
and
(ii) Still sea water at ¥2 °C (28 °F).
(b) The insulation for a cargo tank
with a secondary barrier must be designed for the secondary barrier at the
design temperature, and the ambient
cold conditions listed under paragraph
(a)(1) or paragraph (a)(2) of this section.
(c) The insulation material must be
designed for any loads transmitted
from adjacent hull structure.
(d) Insulation for cargo tank and piping must meet § 38.05–20 of this chapter.
(e) Powder or granulated insulation
must:
(1) Not compact from vibrations of
the vessel;
(2) Maintain the thermal conductivity listed under § 154.467; and
(3) Not exert a static pressure greater
than the external design pressure of
the cargo tank under § 154.408.
§ 154.467 Submission of insulation information.
The following insulation information
must be submitted for special approval
by the Commandant (G–MSO):
(a) Compatibility with the cargo.
(b) Solubility in the cargo.
(c) Absorption of the cargo.
(d) Shrinkage.
(e) Aging.
(f) Closed cell content.
(g) Density.
(h) Mechanical properties.
(i) Thermal expansion.
(j) Abrasion.
(k) Cohesion.
(l) Thermal conductivity.
(m) Resistance to vibrations.
(n) Resistance to fire and flame
spread.

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Coast Guard, DOT

§ 154.506

(o) The manufacturing and installation details of the insulation including:
(1) Fabrication;
(2) Storage;
(3) Handling;
(4) Erection; and
(5) Quality control.
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 82–063b, 48 FR 4782, Feb. 3,
1983]

SUPPORT SYSTEM
§ 154.470

(a) If a cargo pump in a cargo tank is
not accessible for repair when the
cargo tank is in use, the cargo tank
must have an additional means of
cargo transfer, such as another pump
or gas pressurization.
(b) If cargo is transferred by gas pressurization, the pressurizing line must
have a safety relief valve that is set at
less than 90 percent of the tank relief
valve setting.

General.

CARGO AND PROCESS PIPING SYSTEMS

(a) A cargo tank must have a support
system that:
(1) prevents movement of the cargo
tank under the static and dynamic
loads in § 154.406; and
(2) allows the cargo tank to contract
and expand from temperature variation
and hull deflection without exceeding
the design stress of the cargo tank and
the hull.
(b) The cargo tank support system
must have a key that prevents rotation
of the cargo tank.
(c) An independent tank must have
supports with an antiflotation system
that withstands the upward force of
the tank without causing plastic deformation that endangers the hull structure when the tank is:
(1) Empty; and
(2) In a hold space flooded to the
summer load draft of the vessel.
§ 154.471

§ 154.476 Cargo transfer devices and
means.

Design criteria.

(a) The cargo tank support system
must be designed:
(1) For the loads in § 154.406(a);
(2) To not exceed the allowable stress
under this part at a static angle of heel
of 30°;
(3) To withstand a collision force
equal to at least one-half the weight of
the cargo tank and cargo from forward
and one-quarter the weight of the
cargo tank and cargo from aft; and
(4) For the largest resulting acceleration in Figure 1, including rotational
and translation effects.
(b) The cargo tank support design
loads in paragraph (a) of this section
may be analyzed separately.

§ 154.500 Cargo
standards.

and

process

piping

The cargo liquid and vapor piping
and process piping systems must meet
the requirements in §§ 154.503 through
154.562, Subparts 56.01 through 56.35,
§§ 56.50–20 and 56.50–105, and Subparts
56.60 through 56.97 of this chapter.
§ 154.503 Piping and piping system
components: Protection from movement.
Where thermal movement and movements of the cargo tank and the hull
structure may cause stresses that exceed the design stresses, the piping and
piping system components and cargo
tanks must be protected from movement by:
(a) Offsets;
(b) Loops;
(c) Bends;
(d) Mechanical expansion joints including:
(1) Bellows;
(2) Slip joints;
(3) Ball joints; or
(e) Other means specially approved
by the Commandant (G–MSO).
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 82–063b, 48 FR 4782, Feb. 3,
1983]

§ 154.506 Mechanical expansion joint:
Limits in a piping system.
Mechanical expansion joints in a piping system outside of a cargo tank:
(a) May be installed only if offsets,
loops or bends cannot be installed due
to limited space or piping arrangement;
(b) Must be a bellows type; and

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§ 154.512

46 CFR Ch. I (10–1–01 Edition)

(c) Must not have insulation or a
cover unless necessary to prevent damage.

to relieve cargo pressure and to remove
liquid cargo.
§ 154.519

§ 154.512 Piping: Thermal isolation.
Low temperature piping must be
thermally isolated from any adjacent
hull structure to prevent the temperature of that structure from dropping
below the minimum temperature for
the hull material under § 154.170.
§ 154.514 Piping: Electrical bonding.
(a) Cargo tanks or piping that are
separated from the hull structure by
thermal isolation must be electrically
bonded to the hull structure by a method under paragraph (c) of this section.
(b) A pipe joint or a hose connection
fitting that has a gasket must be electrically bonded by a method under
paragraph (c) of this section that
bonds:
(1) Both sides of the connection to
the hull structure; or
(2) Each side of the connection to the
other side.
(c) An electrical bond must be made
by at least one of the following methods:
(1) A metal bonding strap attached
by welding or bolting.
(2) Two or more bolts that give metal
to metal contact between the bolts and
the parts to be bonded.
(3) Metal to metal contact between
adjacent parts under designed operating conditions.
§ 154.516 Piping: Hull protection.
A vessel’s hull must be protected
from low temperature liquid leakage
by a drip pan, or other means specially
approved by the Commandant (G–
MSO), at:
(a) Each piping connection dismantled on a routine basis;
(b) Cargo discharge and loading
manifolds; and
(c) Pump seals.
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 82–063b, 48 FR 4782, Feb. 3,
1983]

§ 154.517 Piping: Liquid pressure relief.
The cargo loading and discharge
crossover headers, cargo hoses, and
cargo loading arms must have means

Piping relief valves.

(a) The liquid relief valve that protects the cargo piping system from liquid pressure exceeding the design pressure must discharge into:
(1) A cargo tank; or
(2) A cargo vent mast if that vent
mast has a means for the detection and
removal of the liquid cargo that is specially approved by the Commandant
(G–MSO).
(b) A relief valve on a cargo pump
that protects the cargo piping system
must discharge into the pump suction.
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 82–063b, 48 FR 4782, Feb. 3,
1983]

§ 154.520

Piping calculations.

A piping system must be designed to
meet the allowable stress values under
§ 56.07–10 of this chapter and, if the design temperature is ¥110 °C (¥166 °F)
or lower, the stress analysis must be
specially approved by the Commandant
(G–MSO) and must include:
(a) Pipe weight loads;
(b) Acceleration loads;
(c) Internal pressure loads;
(d) Thermal loads; and
(e) Loads from the hull.
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 82–063b, 48 FR 4782, Feb. 3,
1983]

§ 154.522

Materials for piping.

(a) The materials for piping systems
must meet § 154.625 for the minimum
design temperature of the piping, except the material for open ended vent
piping may be specially approved by
the Commandant (G–MSO) if:
(1) The temperature of the cargo at
the pressure relief valve setting is ¥55
°C (¥67 °F) or warmer; and
(2) Liquid can not discharge to the
vent piping.
(b) Materials for piping outside the
cargo tanks must have a melting point
of at least 925 °C (1697 °F), except for
short lengths of pipes with fire resisting insulation that are attached to the
cargo tanks.

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Coast Guard, DOT

§ 154.532

§ 154.524 Piping joints: Welded and
screwed couplings.
Pipe lengths without flanges must be
joined by one of the following:
(a) A butt welded joint with complete
penetration at the weld root except
that for design temperatures colder
than ¥10 °C (14 °F) the butt weld must
be double welded or must be welded
using:
(1) A backing ring that for design
pressures greater than 979 kPa gauge
(142 psig) must be removed after the
weld is completed;
(2) A consumable insert; or
(3) An inert gas back-up on the first
weld pass.
(b) A slip-on welded joint with
sleeves and attachment welds is allowed for an open ended pipe with an
external diameter of 50 mm (2 in.) or
less and a design temperature of ¥55 °C
(¥67 °F), or warmer.
(c) A socket weld fitting with attachment welds is allowed for pipe with an
external diameter of 50 mm (2 in.) or
less and a design temperature of ¥55 °C
(¥67 °F) or warmer.
(d) Screwed couplings are allowed for
instrumentation and control piping
that meets § 56.30–20 and § 56.50–105
(a)(4) and (b)(4) of this chapter.
(e) A method or fitting specially approved by the Commandant (G–MSO).
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 82–063b, 48 FR 4782, Feb. 3,
1983]

§ 154.526 Piping joints: Flange connection.
Flange connections for pipe joints
must meet § 56.30–10 and § 56.50–105 (a)(4)
and (b)(4) of this chapter.
§ 154.528 Piping joints: Flange type.
(a) A flange must be one of the following types:
(1) Welding neck.
(2) Slip-on.
(3) Socket weld.
(b) If the piping is designed for a temperature between ¥10 °C (14 °F) and
¥55 °C (¥67 °F), the pipe flange may be
a:
(1) Slip-on type, if the nominal pipe
size is 100 mm (4 in.) or less;
(2) Socket weld, if the nominal pipe
size is 50 mm (2 in.) or less; or
(3) Welding neck.

(c) If the piping is designed for a temperature lower than ¥55 °C (¥67 °F),
the pipe flange must be a welding neck
type.
§ 154.530 Valves: Cargo tank MARVS
69 kPa gauge (10 psig) or lower.
(a) Except those connections for tank
safety relief valves and for liquid level
gauging devices other than those under
§§ 154.536 and 154.1310, liquid and vapor
connections on a cargo tank with a
MARVS of 69 kPa gauge (10 psig) or
lower must have shut-off valves that—
(1) Are located as close to the tank as
practical;
(2) Are capable of local manual operation; and
(3) May be remotely controlled.
(b) The cargo piping system for a
cargo tank with a MARVS of 69 kPa
gauge (10 psig) or lower must have at
least one remotely controlled quickclosing shut-off valve for closing liquid
and vapor piping between vessel and
shore that meets §§ 154.540 and 154.544.
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 77–069, 52 FR 31630, Aug. 21,
1987]

§ 154.532 Valves: Cargo tank MARVS
greater than 69 kPa gauge (10 psig).
(a) Except connections for tank safety relief valves and except for liquid
level gauging devices other than those
under §§ 154.536 and 154.1310, liquid and
vapor connections on a cargo tank with
a MARVS greater than 69 kPa gauge
(10 psig) must have, as close to the
tank as practical, a:
(1) Stop valve capable of local manual operation; and
(2) A remotely controlled quick-closing shut-off valve.
(b) If the nominal pipe size of a liquid
or vapor connection is less than 50 mm
(2 in.), an excess flow valve may be substituted for the quick-closing valve
under paragraph (a) of this section.
(c) One valve may be substituted for
the manual controlled stop valve and
the remotely controlled quick-closing
shut-off valve required under paragraph (a) of this section if that valve:
(1) Meets §§ 154.540 and 154.544; and
(2) Is capable of local manual operation.

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§ 154.534

46 CFR Ch. I (10–1–01 Edition)

§ 154.534 Cargo pumps and cargo compressors.
Cargo pumps and cargo compressors
must shut-down automatically when
the quick-closing shut-off valves under
§§ 154.530 and 154.532 are closed by the
emergency shut-down system required
under § 154.540.
§ 154.536 Cargo tank gauging and
measuring connections.
Unless the outward flow from a cargo
tank is less than the flow through a
circular hole of 1.4 mm (0.055 in.) in diameter, cargo tank connections for
gauging or measuring devices must
have the excess flow, shut-off, or quickclosing shut-off valves under § 154.530 or
§ 154.532.
§ 154.538 Cargo transfer connection.
A cargo transfer connection must
have a:
(a) Remotely controlled quick-closing shut-off valve that meets §§ 154.540
and 154.544; or
(b) Blank flange.
§ 154.540 Quick-closing shut-off valves:
Emergency shut-down system.
The quick-closing shut-off valves
under §§ 154.530, 154.532, and 154.538 must
have an emergency shut-down system
that:
(a) Closes all the valves;
(b) Is actuated by a single control in
at least two locations remote from the
quick-closing valves;
(c) Is actuated by a single control in
each cargo control station under
§ 154.320; and
(d) Has fusible elements at each tank
dome and cargo loading and discharge
manifold that melt between 98 °C (208
°F) and 104 °C (220 °F) and actuate the
emergency shut-down system.
§ 154.544 Quick-closing shut-off valves.
The quick-closing shut-off valve
under §§ 154.530, 154.532 and 154.538 must:
(a) Be a shut-off valve;
(b) Close from the time of actuation
in 30 seconds or less;
(c) Be the fail-closed type; and
(d) Be capable of local manual closing.
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 77–069, 52 FR 31630, Aug. 21,
1987]

§ 154.546 Excess flow valve: Closing
flow.
(a) The rated closing flow of vapor or
liquid cargo for an excess flow valve
must be specially approved by the
Commandant (G–MSO).
(b) An excess flow valve allowed
under § 154.532(b) must close automatically at the rated closing flow.
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 82–063b, 48 FR 4782, Feb. 3,
1983]

§ 154.548

Cargo piping: Flow capacity.

Piping with an excess flow valve
must have a vapor or liquid flow capacity that is greater than the rated closing flow under § 154.546.
§ 154.550

Excess flow valve: Bypass.

If the excess flow valve allowed under
§ 154.532(b) has a bypass, the bypass
must be of 1.0 mm (0.0394 in.) or less in
diameter.
CARGO HOSE
§ 154.551

Cargo hose: General.

Each of the vessel’s liquid and vapor
cargo hose for loading or discharging
cargo must meet §§ 154.552 through
154.562.
§ 154.552

Cargo hose: Compatibility.

Liquid and vapor cargo hoses must:
(a) Not chemically react with the
cargo; and
(b) Withstand design temperature.
§ 154.554 Cargo hose: Bursting pressure.
Cargo hose that may be exposed to
the pressure in the cargo tank, the
cargo pump discharge, or the vapor
compressor discharge must have a
bursting pressure of at least five times
the maximum working pressure on the
hose during cargo transfer.
§ 154.556 Cargo hose: Maximum working pressure.
A cargo hose must have a maximum
working pressure not less than the
maximum pressure to which it may be
subjected and at least 1034 kPa gauge
(150 psig).

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Coast Guard, DOT
§ 154.558

§ 154.615

Cargo hose: Marking.

Each cargo hose must be marked
with the:
(a) Maximum working pressure; and
(b) Minimum service temperature for
service at other than ambient temperature.
§ 154.560

Cargo hose: Prototype test.

(a) Each cargo hose must be of a type
that passes a prototype test at a pressure of at least five times its maximum
working pressure at or below the minimum service temperature.
(b) Each cargo hose must not be the
hose used in the prototype test.
§ 154.562

Cargo hose: Hydrostatic test.

Each cargo hose must pass a hydrostatic pressure test at ambient temperature of at least one and a half
times its specified maximum working
pressure but not more than two-fifths
its bursting pressure.
MATERIALS
§ 154.605

Toughness test.

(a) Each toughness test under
§§ 154.610 through 154.625 must meet
Subpart 54.05 of this chapter.
(b) If subsize test specimens are used
for the Charpy V-notch toughness test,
the Charpy V-notch energy must meet
Table 54.05–20 (a) of this chapter.
§ 154.610 Design temperature not colder than 0 ≥C (32 ≥F).
Materials for cargo tanks for a design
temperature not colder than 0 °C (32 °F)
must meet the following:
(a) The tank materials must meet
§§ 54.25–1 and 54.25–3 of this chapter.
(b) Plates, forgings, rolled and forged
bars and shapes must be carbon manganese steel or other material allowed
under §§ 154.615, 154.620, and 154.625.
(c) Plates must be normalized or
quenched and tempered and where the
thickness exceeds 20 mm (0.787 in.),
made with fine grain practice, austenitic grain size of five or finer. A control rolling procedure may be substituted for normalizing if specially approved by the Commandant (G–MSO).
Plate for an independent tank type C
must also meet the requirements of
ASTM A 20 (incorporated by reference,

see § 154.1) and § 54.01–18(b)(5) of this
chapter.
(d) For integral and independent type
A tanks, the American Bureau of Shipping’s grade D not exceeding 20 mm
(0.787 in.) in thickness, and Grade E
hull structural steel are allowed if the
steel meets § 54.05–10 of this chapter.
(e) The tensile properties under paragraph (a) of this section must be determined for:
(1) Each plate as rolled; and
(2) Each five short ton batch of forgings, forged or rolled fittings, and
forged or rolled bars and shapes.
(f) The specified yield strength must
not exceed 637 MPa (92.43 Ksi) and when
it exceeds 490 MPa (71.10 Ksi), the hardness of the weld and the heat affected
zone must be specially approved by the
Commandant (G–MSO).
(g) The Charpy V-notch impact energy must be determined for:
(1) Each plate as rolled; and
(2) Each five short ton batch of forgings, forged or rolled fittings and rolled
or forged bars and shapes.
(h) The orientation and required impact energy of a 10 mm × 10 mm (0.394
in. × 0.394 in.) Charpy V-notch specimen
must be:
(1) For plates; transverse specimen
and 27.4 J (20 ft-lbs); and
(2) For forgings, forged and rolled fittings and rolled and forged bars: longitudinal specimen and 41.1 J (30 ft-lbs).
(i) The test temperature of the
Charpy V-notch specimens is as follows:
Material Thickness
t≤20 mm (0.788 in.) .......................
20< t<30 mm (1.182 in.) ................
30< t<40 mm (1.576 in.) ................

Test Temperature
0 °C (32 °F)
¥20 °C (¥4 °F)
¥40 °C (¥40 °F)

[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 82–063b, 48 FR 4782, Feb. 3,
1983; USCG–1999–5151, 64 FR 67183, Dec. 1,
1999]

§ 154.615 Design temperature below 0
≥C (32 ≥F) and down to Ø55 ≥C (Ø67
≥F).
Plates, forgings, forged or rolled or
forged bars and shapes for cargo tanks
and secondary barriers for a design
temperature below 0 °C (32 °F) and
down to ¥55 °C (¥67 °F) must meet
§ 54.25–10 of this chapter.

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§ 154.620

46 CFR Ch. I (10–1–01 Edition)

§ 154.620 Design temperature below
Ø55 ≥C (Ø67 ≥F) and down to Ø165
≥C (Ø265 ≥F).
Plates, forgings and forged or rolled
fittings, and rolled, forged or extruded
bars and shapes for cargo tanks, secondary barriers, and process pressure
vessels for a design temperature below
¥55 °C (¥67 °F) and down to ¥165 °C
(¥265 °F) must:
(a) Meet § 54.25–10(b)(2), § 54.25–15, or
§ 54.25–20 of this chapter; or
(b) Be of an aluminum alloy that is
specially approved by the Commandant
(G–MSO).
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 82–063b, 48 FR 4782, Feb. 3,
1983]

§ 154.625 Design temperature below 0
≥C (32 ≥F) and down to Ø165 ≥C
(Ø265 ≥F).
Pipes, tubes, forgings, castings, bolting, and nuts for cargo and process piping for a design temperature below 0 °C
(32 °F) and down to ¥165 °C (¥265 °F)
must meet § 56.50–105 of this chapter.
§ 154.630

Cargo tank material.

(a) If a material of a cargo tank is
not listed in §§ 154.610, 154.615 or
§ 154.620, the allowable stress of that
material must be specially approved by
the Commandant (G–MSO).
(b) For cargo tanks of aluminum alloys with welded connections, the minimum tensile strength (σB) for the calculations under § 154.440, § 154.447 and
§ 154.450 must be the minimum tensile
strength of the alloy in the annealed
condition.
(c) Increased yield strength and tensile strength of a material at low temperature for independent tanks type A,
B, and C must be specially approved by
the Commandant (G–MSO).
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 82–063b, 48 FR 4782, Feb. 3,
1983]

(b) Welding consumables used in
welding cargo tanks must meet § 57.02–
4 of this chapter.
(c) Independent tanks must meet the
following:
(1) Each welded joint of the shells
must be a full penetration butt weld,
except dome to shell connections may
have full penetration tee welds.
(2) Each nozzle weld must be of the
full penetration type, except for small
penetrations on domes.
(d) Each welded joint in an independent tank type C or in a process
pressure vessel must meet Part 54 of
this chapter, except that any backing
rings must be removed unless specially
approved by the Commandant (G–
MSO).
(e) Each welded joint in a membrane
tank must meet the quality assurance
measures, weld procedure qualification, design details, materials, construction, inspection, and production
testing of components developed during the prototype testing program that
are specially approved by the Commandant (G–MSO) under this part.
(f) Each welded joint in a semi-membrane tank must meet paragraph (c) or
(e) of this section.
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 82–063b, 48 FR 4782, Feb. 3,
1983]

§ 154.655 Stress relief for independent
tanks type C.
For a design temperature colder than
¥10 °C (14 °F), an independent tank
type C of:
(a) Carbon and carbon-manganese
steel must be stress relieved by postweld heat treatment under § 54.25–7 of
this chapter or by mechanical stress
relief under Subpart 54.30 of this chapter; or
(b) Materials other than carbon and
carbon manganese steel must be stress
relieved as required under Part 54 of
this chapter. The procedure for stress
relieving must be specially approved by
the Commandant (G–MSO).

CONSTRUCTION
§ 154.650 Cargo tank and process pressure vessel welding.
(a) Cargo tank and process pressure
vessel welding must meet Subpart 54.05
and Part 57 of this chapter.

§ 154.660 Pipe welding.
(a) Pipe welding must meet Part 57 of
this chapter.
(b) Longitudinal butt welds, in piping
that does not meet a standard or specification under § 56.60–1 of this chapter,

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Coast Guard, DOT

§ 154.703

and girth butt welds must meet the following:
(1) Butt welds of pipes made from
carbon, carbon manganese, or low alloy
steels must meet § 56.50–105 of this
chapter, including the requirements for
post-weld heat treatment.
(2) Except for piping inside an independent cargo tank type A, B, or C,
butt welds must be 100% radiographically tested if the design temperature
is lower than ¥10 °C (14 °F), and:
(i) The wall thickness is greater than
10 mm (0.394 in.); or
(ii) The nominal pipe diameter is
greater than 100 mm (nominal 4 in.).
(3) If Table 4 references this section,
butt welds for deck cargo piping exceeding 75 mm (3 in.) in diameter must
be 100% radiographically tested.
(4) Butt welds of pipes not meeting
paragraph (b)(2) or (b)(3) of this section
must meet the non-destructive testing
requirements under Subpart 56.95 of
this chapter.
§ 154.665

Welding procedures.

Welding procedure tests for cargo
tanks for a design temperature colder
than 0 °C (32 °F), process pressure vessels, and piping must meet § 54.05–15
and Subpart 57.03 of this chapter.
CARGO PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE
CONTROL
§ 154.701 Cargo pressure and temperature control: General.
Except as allowed under § 154.703,
cargo tanks must:
(a) Have their safety relief valves set
at a pressure equal to or greater than
the vapor pressure of the cargo at 45 °C
(113 °F) but not greater than the
MARVS under § 154.405; or
(b) Be refrigerated by a system meeting § 154.702, and each refrigerated incompatible cargo refrigerated by a separate system.
§ 154.702

Refrigerated carriage.

(a) Each refrigeration system must:
(1) Have enough capacity to maintain
the cargo vapor pressure in each cargo
tank served by the system below the
set pressure of the relief valves under
ambient temperatures of 45 °C (113 °F)
still air and 32 °C (89.6 °F) still water

with the largest unit in the system inoperative; or
(2) Have a standby unit with a capacity at least equal to the capacity of the
largest refrigeration unit in the system.
(b) For the purpose of this section, a
‘‘refrigeration unit’’ includes a compressor and its motors and controls.
(c) Each refrigeration system must:
(1) Have a heat exchanger with an excess capacity of 25 percent of the required capacity; or
(2) A standby heat exchanger.
(d) Where cooling water is used in a
refrigeration system:
(1) The cooling water pump or pumps
must be used exclusively for the system;
(2) Each pump must have suction
lines from sea chests on the port and
starboard sides of the vessel; and
(3) There must be a standby pump,
that may be used for:
(i) Non-essential purposes on the vessel; or
(ii) Essential purposes on the vessel,
if the pump is sized to simultaneously
provide for the capacity requirements
for the essential purposes and the refrigeration cooling water.
(e) Each refrigeration system must
use refrigerants that are compatible
with the cargo and, for cascade units,
with each other.
(f) The pressure of the heat transfer
fluid in each cooling coil in a tank
must be greater than the pressure of
the cargo.
§ 154.703

Methane (LNG).

Unless a cargo tank carrying methane (LNG) can withstand the pressure
build up due to boil-off for 21 days, the
pressure in the cargo tank must be
maintained below the set pressure of
the safety relief valve for at least 21
days by:
(a) A refrigeration system that meets
§ 154.702;
(b) A waste heat or catalytic furnace
that burns boil-off gas, and:
(1) Maintains the stack exhaust temperature below 535 °C (995 °F);
(2) Exhibits no visible flame; and
(3) Is specially approved by the Commandant (G–MSO);

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§ 154.705

46 CFR Ch. I (10–1–01 Edition)

(c) Boilers, inert gas generators, and
combustion engines in the main propelling machinery space that use boil-off
gas as fuel; or
(d) Equipment for services, other
than those under paragraph (c) of this
section, that use boil-off gas as fuel
and that are located:
(1) In the main propelling machinery
space; or
(2) a space specially approved by the
Commandant (G–MSO).
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 82–063b, 48 FR 4782, Feb. 3,
1983]

§ 154.705
eral.

Cargo boil-off as fuel: Gen-

(a) Each cargo boil-off fuel system
under § 154.703(c) must meet §§ 154.706
through 154.709.
(b) The piping in the cargo boil-off
fuel system must have a connection for
introducing inert gas and for gas freeing the piping in the machinery space.
(c) A gas fired main propulsion boiler
or combustion engine must have a fuel
oil fired pilot that maintains fuel flow
as required under § 154.1854 if the gas
fuel supply is cut-off.
§ 154.706 Cargo boil-off as fuel: Fuel
lines.
(a) Gas fuel lines must not pass
through accommodation, service, or
control spaces. Each gas fuel line passing through other spaces must have a
master gas fuel valve and meet one of
the following:
(1) The fuel line must be a doublewalled piping system with the annular
space containing an inert gas at a pressure greater than the fuel pressure.
Visual and audible alarms must be installed at the machinery control station to indicate loss of inert gas pressure.
(2) The fuel line must be installed in
a mechanically exhaust-ventilated pipe
or duct, having a rate of air change of
at least 30 changes per hour. The pressure in the space between the inner
pipe and outer pipe or duct must be
maintained at less than atmospheric
pressure. Continuous gas detection
must be installed to detect leaks in the
ventilated space. The ventilation system must meet § 154.1205.

(b) Each double wall pipe or vent
duct must terminate in the ventilation
hood or casing under § 154.707(a). Continuous gas detection must be installed
to indicate leaks in the hood or casing.
§ 154.707 Cargo boil-off as fuel: Ventilation.
(a) A ventilation hood or casing must
be installed in areas occupied by
flanges, valves, and piping at the fuel
burner to cause air to sweep across
them and be exhausted at the top of
the hood or casing.
(b) The hood or casing must be mechanically
exhaust-ventilated
and
meet § 154.1205.
(c) The ventilated hood or casing
must have an airflow rate specially approved by the Commandant.
§ 154.708 Cargo boil-off as fuel: Valves.
(a) Gas fuel lines to the gas consuming equipment must have two failclosed automatic valves in series. A
third valve, designed to fail-open, must
vent that portion of pipe between the
two series valves to the open atmosphere.
(b) The valves under paragraph (a) of
this section must be arranged so that
loss of boiler forced draft, flame failure, or abnormal gas fuel supply pressure automatically causes the two series valves to close and the vent valve
to open. The function of one of the series valves and the vent valve may be
performed by a single three-way valve.
(c) A master gas fuel valve must be
located outside the machinery space,
but be operable from inside the machinery space and at the valve. The
valve must automatically close when
there is:
(1) A gas leak detected under
§ 154.706(a)(2) or § 154.706(b);
(2) Loss of the ventilation under
§ 154.706(a)(2) or § 154.707(c); or
(3) Loss of inert gas pressure within
the double-walled piping system under
§ 154.706(a)(1).
§ 154.709 Cargo boil-off as fuel: Gas detection equipment.
(a) The continuous gas detection system required under § 154.706(a)(2) and
(b) must:
(1) Meet § 154.1350(c), (d), and (j)
through (s); and

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Coast Guard, DOT

§ 154.804

(2) Have a device that:
(i) Activates an audible and visual
alarm at the machinery control station
and in the wheelhouse if the methane
concentration reaches 1.5 percent by
volume; and
(ii) Closes the master gas fuel valve
required under § 154.708(c) before the
methane concentration reaches 3 percent by volume.
(b) The number and arrangement of
gas sampling points must be specially
approved by the Commandant (G–
MSO).
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 82–063b, 48 FR 4782, Feb. 3,
1983]

CARGO VENT SYSTEMS
§ 154.801

Pressure relief systems.

(a) Each cargo tank that has a volume of 20m3 (706 ft.3) or less must have
at least one pressure relief valve.
(b) Each cargo tank that has a volume of more than 20m3 (706 ft.3) must
have at least two pressure relief valves
of the same nominal relieving capacity.
(c) Each pressure relief valve must:
(1) Meet Subpart 162.018 of this chapter or, if the valve is also capable of
vacuum relief and the MARVS is 69
kPa gauge (10 psig) or less, Subpart
162.017 of this chapter, and have at
least the capacity required under
§ 154.806;
(2) Not be set for a higher pressure
than the MARVS;
(3) Have a fitting for sealing wire
that prevents the set pressure from
being changed without breaking the
sealing wire;
(4) Be fitted on the cargo tank to remain in the vapor phase under conditions of 15° list and of 0.015 L trim by
both the bow and stern;
(5) Vent to a vent mast under
§ 154.805, except a relief valve may vent
to a common tank relief valve header if
the back pressure is included in determining the required capacity under
§ 154.806;
(6) Not vent to a common header or
common vent mast if the relief valves
are connected to cargo tanks carrying
chemically incompatible cargoes;

(7) Not have any stop valves or other
means of isolating the cargo tank from
its relief valve unless:
(i) The stop valves are interlocked or
arranged so that only one pressure relief valve is out of service at any one
time;
(ii) The interlock arrangement automatically shows the relief valve that is
out of service; and
(iii) The other valves have the relieving capacity required under § 154.806, or
all relief valves on the cargo tank are
the same size and there is a spare of
the same size, or there is a spare for
each relief valve on a cargo tank.
(d) The pressure relief system must:
(1) If the design temperature is below
0 °C (32 °F), be designed to prevent the
relief valve from becoming inoperative
due to ice formation; and
(2) Be designed to prevent chattering
of the relief valve.
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979; 44 FR
59234, Oct. 15, 1979]

§ 154.802 Alternate pressure relief settings.
Cargo tanks with more than one relief valve setting must have one of the
following arrangements:
(a) Relief valves that:
(1) Are set and sealed under
§ 154.801(c);
(2) Have the capacity under § 154.806;
and
(3) Are interlocked so that cargo
tank venting can occur at any time.
(b) Relief valves that have spacer
pieces or springs that:
(1) Change the set pressure without
pressure testing to verify the new setting; and
(2) Can be installed without breaking
the sealing wire required under
§ 154.801(c)(3).
§ 154.804 Vacuum protection.
(a) Except as allowed under paragraph (b) of this section, each cargo
tank must have a vacuum protection
system meeting paragraph (a)(1) of this
section and either paragraph (a)(2) or
(a)(3) of this section.
(1) There must be a means of testing
the operation of the system.
(2) There must be a pressure switch
that operates an audible and visual
alarm in the cargo control station

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§ 154.805

46 CFR Ch. I (10–1–01 Edition)

identifying the tank and the alarm
condition and a remote group audible
and visual alarm in the wheelhouse.
Both alarms must be set at or below
80% of the maximum external design
pressure differential of the cargo
tanks. There must be a second, independent pressure switch that automatically shuts off all suction of cargo liquid or vapor from the cargo tank and
secures any refrigeration of that tank
at or below the maximum external design pressure differential.
(3) There must be a vacuum relief
valve that:
(i) Has a gas flow capacity at least
equal to the maximum cargo discharge
rate per tank;
(ii) Is set to open at or below the
maximum external design pressure differential; and
(iii) Admits inert gas, cargo vapor
from a source other than a cargo vapor
header, or air except as prohibited
under § 154.1710.
(b) A vacuum protection system does
not have to be installed if the cargo
tank is designed to withstand:
(1) A maximum external pressure differential exceeding 24.5 kPa gauge (3.55
psig); and
(2) The maximum external pressure
differential that can be obtained:
(i) At maximum discharge rates with
no vapor return to the cargo tanks;
(ii) By operation of the cargo refrigeration system; or
(iii) By drawing off vapor for use in
accordance with § 154.703(c)
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979; 44 FR
59234, Oct. 15, 1979]

§ 154.805 Vent masts.
Relief valves or common vent headers from relief valves must discharge to
a vent mast that:
(a) Discharges vertically upward;
(b) Has a rain cap or other means of
preventing the entrance of rain or
snow;
(c) Has a screen with 25mm (1 inch)
wire mesh or bars not more than 25mm
(1 in.) apart on the discharge port;
(d) Extends at least to a height of B/
3 or 6m (19.7 ft.), whichever is greater,
above the weather deck and 6m (19.7
ft.) above the working level;
(e) For a cargo tank, does not exhaust cargo vapors within a radius of B

or 25m (82 ft.), whichever is less, from
any forced or natural ventilation intake or other opening to an accommodation, service, control station, or
other gas-safe space, except that for
vessels less than 90m (295 ft.) in length,
shorter distances may be specially approved by the Commandant (G–MSO);
(f) For a containment system, except
a cargo tank, does not exhaust vapor
within a radius of 10m (32.8 ft.) or less
from any forced or natural ventilation
intake or other opening to an accommodation, service, control station, or
other gas-safe space;
(g) Has drains to remove any liquid
that may accumulate; and
(h) Prevents accumulations of liquid
at the relief valves.
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 82–063b, 48 FR 4782, Feb. 3,
1983]

§ 154.806 Capacity of pressure relief
valves.
Pressure relief valves for each cargo
tank must have a combined relief capacity, including the effects of back
pressure from vent piping, headers, and
masts, to discharge the greater of the
following with not more than a 20%
rise in cargo tank pressure above the
set pressure of the relief valves:
(a) The maximum capacity of an installed cargo tank inerting system if
the maximum attainable working pressure of the cargo tank inerting system
exceeds the set pressure of the relief
valves.
(b) The quantity of vapors generated
from fire exposure that is calculated
under § 54.15–25 of this chapter.
ATMOSPHERIC CONTROL IN CARGO
CONTAINMENT SYSTEMS
§ 154.901 Atmospheric control within
cargo tanks and cargo piping systems.
(a) Each vessel must have a piping
system for purging each cargo tank
and all cargo piping.
(b) The piping system must minimize
the pocketing of gas or air remaining
after purging.
(c) For cargo tanks certificated to
carry flammable gases, the piping system must allow purging the tank of

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Coast Guard, DOT

§ 154.908

flammable vapors before air is introduced and purging the tank of air before the tank is filled with cargo.
(d) Each cargo tank must have:
(1) Gas sampling points at its top and
bottom; and
(2) Gas sampling line connections
that are valved and capped above the
deck.
§ 154.902 Atmospheric control within
hold and interbarrier spaces.
(a) Vessels certificated to carry flammable cargo in cargo containment systems with full secondary barriers must
have an inert gas system or onboard
storage of inert gas that provides
enough inert gas to meet the requirements of § 154.1848 for 30 days consumption.
(b) Vessels certificated to carry flammable cargo in cargo containment systems with partial secondary barriers
must:
(1) Have an inert gas system or onboard inert gas storage that can inert
the largest hold and interbarrier space
so that the oxygen concentration is 8
percent or less by volume; and
(2) Meet paragraph (a) or (c)(2) of this
section.
(c) Vessels certificated to carry only
nonflammable cargo in cargo containment systems with secondary barriers
must:
(1) Meet paragraph (a) of this section;
or
(2) Have air drying systems that reduce the dewpoint of air admitted to
hold or interbarrier spaces below the
temperature of any surface in those
spaces or ¥45 °C (¥49 °F), whichever is
warmer.
(d) Vessels with refrigerated independent tanks type C must have inert
gas or air drying systems that reduce
the dewpoint of any inert gas or air admitted to the hold spaces below the
temperature of any surface in those
spaces or ¥45 °C (¥49 °F), whichever is
warmer.
§ 154.903 Inert gas systems: General.
(a) Inert gas carried or generated to
meet §§ 154.901, 154.902, and 154.1848
must be non-flammable and non-reactive with the cargoes that the vessel is
certificated to carry and the materials
of construction of the cargo tanks,

hold and interbarrier spaces, and insulation.
(b) The boiling point and dewpoint at
atmospheric pressure of the inert gas
must be below the temperature of any
surface in those spaces or ¥45 °C (¥49
°F), whichever is warmer.
(c) For the temperatures and pressures at which the gas is stored and
used, storage vessels and inert gas piping must meet §§ 154.450 and 154.500 respectively.
§ 154.904

Inert gas system: Controls.

The inert gas system must have:
(a) At least one check valve in the
cargo area to prevent the back flow of
cargo vapor into the inert gas system,
or another means specially approved by
the Commandant (G–MSO);
(b) If the inert gas system is in the
machinery space or another space outside the cargo area, a second check
valve in the cargo area meeting paragraph (a) of this section;
(c) Automatic and manual inert gas
pressure controls; and
(d) Valves to isolate each inerted
space.
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 82–063b, 48 FR 4782, Feb. 3,
1983]

§ 154.906

Inert gas generators.

The inert gas generator must:
(a) Produce an inert gas containing
less than 5% oxygen by volume;
(b) Have a device to continuously
sample the discharge of the generator
for oxygen content; and
(c) Have an audible and visual alarm
in the cargo control station that
alarms when the inert gas contains 5%
or more oxygen by volume.
§ 154.908
tion.

Inert

gas

generator:

Loca-

(a) Except as allowed in paragraph (b)
of this section, an inert gas generator
must be located in the main machinery
space or a space that is not in the
cargo area and does not have direct access to any accommodation, service, or
control space.
(b) An inert gas generator that does
not use flame burning equipment may
be located in the cargo area if specially

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§ 154.910
approved
MSO).

46 CFR Ch. I (10–1–01 Edition)
by

the

Commandant

(G–

[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 82–063b, 48 FR 4782, Feb. 3,
1983]

§ 154.910 Inert gas piping: Location.
Inert gas piping must not pass
through or terminate in an accommodation, service, or control space.
§ 154.912 Inerted spaces: Relief devices.
Inerted spaces must be fitted with relief valves, rupture discs, or other devices specially approved by the Commandant (G–MSO).
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979; CGD 82–
063b, 48 FR 39629, Sept. 1, 1983]

ELECTRICAL
§ 154.1000 Applicability.
Sections 154.1005 through 154.1020
apply to flammable cargo and ammonia carriers.
§ 154.1002 Definition.
For the purposes of §§ 154.1005 through
154.1020, ‘‘gas-dangerous’’ does not include the weather deck of an ammonia
carrier.
§ 154.1005 Equipment approval.
(a) Electrical equipment that is required to be intrinsically safe or explosion proof under § 154.1010 must be specially approved by the Commandant or
listed as intrinsically safe or explosion
proof by an independent laboratory
that is specially approved by the Commandant (G–MSO), for Class I Division
I locations and the Group that is specified in Table 4 for the cargo carried.
(b) Each submerged cargo pump
motor installation must be specially
approved by the Commandant (G–
MSO).
(c) Electrical equipment that must
be intrinsically safe to meet § 154.1010
must meet the definition in § 110.15–
100(i) of this chapter.
(d) Electrical equipment that must
be explosion proof to meet § 154.1010
must meet § 110.15–65(e) of this chapter.
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 82–063b, 48 FR 4782, Feb. 3,
1983]

§ 154.1010 Electrical equipment in gasdangerous space or zone.
(a) Except as allowed in this section,
electrical equipment must not be installed in a gas-dangerous space or
zone.
(b) Intrinsically safe electrical equipment and wiring may be in a gas-dangerous space or zone.
(c) A submerged cargo pump motor
may be in a cargo tank if:
(1) Low liquid level, motor current,
or pump discharge pressure automatically shuts down power to the pump
motor if the pump loses suction;
(2) There is an audible and visual
alarm at the cargo control station that
actuates if the motor shuts down under
the requirements of paragraph (c)(1) of
this section; and
(3) There is a lockable circuit breaker or lockable switch that disconnects
the power to the motor.
(d) A supply cable for a submerged
cargo pump motor may be in a hold
space.
(e) A hold space that has a tank that
is not required to have a secondary
barrier under § 154.459 may only have:
(1) Through runs of cable;
(2) Explosion-proof lighting fixtures;
(3) Depth sounding devices in gastight enclosures;
(4) Log devices in gas-tight enclosures; and
(5) Impressed current cathodic protection system electrodes in gas-tight
enclosures.
(f) A space that is separated by a gastight steel boundary from a hold space
that has a cargo tank that must have a
secondary barrier, under the requirements of § 154.459, may only have:
(1) Through runs of cable;
(2) Explosion-proof lighting fixtures;
(3) Depth sounding devices in gastight enclosures;
(4) Log devices in gastight enclosures;
(5) Impressed current cathodic protection system electrodes in gastight
enclosures;
(6) Explosion-proof motors that operate cargo system valves or ballast system valves; and
(7) Explosion-proof bells for general
alarm systems.
(g) A cargo handling room may only
have:

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Coast Guard, DOT

§ 154.1120

(1) Explosion-proof lighting fixtures;
and
(2) Explosion-proof bells for general
alarm systems.
(h) A space for cargo hose storage
may only have:
(1) Explosion-proof lighting fixtures;
and
(2) Through runs of cable.
(i) A space that has cargo piping may
only have:
(1) Explosion-proof lighting fixtures;
and
(2) Through runs of cable.
(j) A gas-dangerous zone on the
weather deck may only have:
(1) Explosion-proof equipment that is
for the operation of the vessel; and
(2) Through runs of cable.
(k) A space, except those under paragraphs (e) through (j) of this section,
that has a direct opening to a gas-dangerous space or zone may only have the
electrical equipment allowed in the
gas-dangerous space or zone.
§ 154.1015 Lighting in gas-dangerous
space.
(a) Each gas-dangerous space that
has lighting fixtures must have at least
two branch circuits for lighting.
(b) Each switch and each overcurrent
protective device for any lighting circuit that is in a gas-dangerous space
must open each conductor of the circuit simultaneously.
(c) Each switch and each overcurrent
protective device for lighting in a gasdangerous space must be in a gas-safe
space.
§ 154.1020

Emergency power.

The emergency generator must be designed to allow operation at the final
angle of heel under § 154.230(a).
FIREFIGHTING
Firefighting System: Exterior Water Spray
§ 154.1105 Exterior water spray system: General.
Each liquefied flammable gas vessel
and each liquefied toxic gas vessel
must have an exterior water spray system that meets §§ 154.1110 through
154.1135.

§ 154.1110

Areas protected by system.

Each water spray system must protect:
(a) All cargo tank surfaces that are
not covered by the vessel’s hull structure or a steel cover;
(b) Each cargo tank dome;
(c) Each on-deck storage vessel for
flammable or toxic liquefied gases;
(d) Each cargo discharge and loading
manifold;
(e) Each quick-closing valve under
§§ 154.530, 154.532, and 154.538, and other
control valves essential to cargo flow;
(f) Each boundary facing the cargo
area of each superstructure that contains accommodation, service, or control spaces;
(g) Each boundary facing the cargo
area of each deckhouse that contains
accommodation, service, or control
spaces; and
(h) Each boundary of each deckhouse
that is within the cargo area and that
is manned during navigation of the vessel or during cargo transfer operations,
except the deckhouse roof if it is 2.4 m
(8 ft.) or higher above the cargo containing structure.
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979; 44 FR
59234, Oct. 15, 1979]

§ 154.1115

Discharge.

(a) The discharge density of each
water spray system must be at least:
(1) 10000 cm3/m2/min. (0.25 gpm/ft.2)
over each horizontal surface; and
(2) 4000 cm3/m2/min. (0.10 gpm/ft.2)
against vertical surface, including the
water rundown.
(b) The water spray protection under
§ 154.1110 (d) and (e) must cover an area
in a horizontal plane extending at least
0.5 m (19 in.) in each direction from the
pipes, fittings, and valves, or the area
of the drip tray, whichever is greater.
§ 154.1120

Nozzles.

(a) Nozzles for the water spray system must be spaced to provide the minimum discharge density under § 154.1115
in each part of the protected area.
(b) The vertical distance between
water spray nozzles for the protection
of vertical surfaces must be 3.7 m (12
ft.) or less.

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§ 154.1125

46 CFR Ch. I (10–1–01 Edition)

§ 154.1125 Pipes, fittings, and valves.
(a) Each pipe, fitting, and valve for
each water spray system must meet
Part 56 of this chapter.
(b) Each water spray main that protects more than one area listed in
§ 154.1110 must have at least one isolation valve at each branch connection
and at least one isolation valve downstream of each branch connection to
isolate damaged sections.
(c) Each valved cross-connection
from the water spray system to the fire
main must be outside of the cargo area.
(d) Each pipe, fitting, and valve for
the water spray system must be made
of fire resistant and corrosion resistant
materials, such as galvanized steel or
galvanized iron pipe.
(e) Each water spray system must
have a means of drainage to prevent
corrosion of the system and freezing of
accumulated water in subfreezing temperatures.
(f) Each water spray system must
have a dirt strainer that is located at
the water spray system manifold or
pump.
§ 154.1130 Sections.
(a) If a water spray system is divided
into sections, each section must at
least include the entire deck area
bounded by the length of a cargo tank
and the full beam of the vessel.
(b) If a water spray system is divided
into sections, the control valves must
be at a single manifold that is aft of
the cargo area.
§ 154.1135 Pumps.
(a) Water to the water spray system
must be supplied by:
(1) A pump that is only for the use of
the system;
(2) A fire pump; or
(3) A pump specially approved by the
Commandant (G–MSO).
(b) Operation of a water spray system
must not interfere with simultaneous
operation of the fire main system at its
required capacity. There must be a
valved cross-connection between the
two systems.
(c) Except as allowed under paragraph (d) of this section, each pump for
each water spray system must have the
capacity to simultaneously supply all
areas named in § 154.1110.

(d) If the water spray system is divided into sections, the pump under
paragraph (a) of this section must have
the capacity to simultaneously supply
the required discharge density under
§ 154.1115(a) for:
(1) The areas in §§ 154.1110(f) through
(h) and 154.1115(b); and
(2) The largest section that includes
the required protection under § 154.1110
(a), (b), and (c).
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 82–063b, 48 FR 4782, Feb. 3,
1983]

FIREFIGHTING SYSTEM: DRY CHEMICAL
§ 154.1140
eral.

Dry chemical system: Gen-

Each liquefied flammable gas carrier
must have a dry chemical firefighting
system that meets §§ 154.1145 through
154.1170, Part 56 and Subpart 162.039 of
this chapter.
§ 154.1145

Dry chemical supply.

(a) A vessel with a cargo carrying capacity less that 1000 m3 (35,300 ft.3)
must have at least one self-contained
dry chemical storage unit for the cargo
area with an independent inert gas
pressurizing source adjacent to each
unit.
(b) A vessel with a cargo carrying capacity of 1000 m3 (35,300 ft.3) or more
must have at least two self-contained
dry chemical storage units for the
cargo area with an independent inert
gas pressurizing source adjacent to
each unit.
(c) A vessel with bow and stern loading and discharge areas must have at
least one self-contained dry chemical
storage unit with an independent inert
gas pressurizing source adjacent to the
unit for each area.
(d) Each dry chemical storage unit
and associated piping must be designed
for:
(1) Sequential discharge of each hose
line and each monitor for 45 seconds;
and
(2) Simultaneous discharge of all
hose lines and monitors for 45 seconds.
(e) Each fully charged dry chemical
storage unit must have the greater of
the following:

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Coast Guard, DOT

§ 154.1200

(1) Enough dry chemical to provide
for sequential discharge of each attached hose and monitor for 45 seconds.
(2) Enough dry chemical to provide
for simultaneous discharge of all attached hoses and monitors for 45 seconds.
§ 154.1150
ical.

Distribution of dry chem-

(a) All locations on the above deck
cargo area and the cargo piping outside
that cargo area must be protected by:
(1) At least two dry chemical hand
hose lines; or
(2) At least one dry chemical hand
hose line and one dry chemical monitor.
(b) At least one dry chemical storage
unit and hand hose line or monitor
must be at the after end of the cargo
areas.
(c) Each cargo loading and discharge
manifold must be protected by at least
one dry chemical monitor.
§ 154.1155

Hand hose line: Coverage.

The coverage for the area for a hand
hose line under § 154.1150 must not exceed the length of the hand hose line
except the coverage for the protection
of areas that are inaccessible to personnel must not exceed one-half the
projection of the hose at its rated discharge, or 10 m (32.8 ft.), whichever is
less.
§ 154.1160

Monitor coverage of system.

The coverage of each dry chemical
system monitor under § 154.1150 must
not exceed:
(a) 10 m (32.8 ft.) at 10 kg/sec (22 lb/
sec);
(b) 30 m (98.4 ft.) at 25 kg/sec (55 lb/
sec);
(c) 40 m (131.2 ft.) at 45 kg/sec (99 lb/
sec);
(d) An interpolation between 10 m
(32.8 ft.) at 10 kg/sec (22 lb/sec) and 30 m
(98.4 ft.) at 25 kg/sec (55 lb/sec); or
(e) An interpolation between 30 m
(98.4 ft.) at 25 kg/sec (55 lb/sec) and 40 m
(131.2 ft.) at 45 kg/sec (99 lb/sec).
§ 154.1165

Controls.

(a) Each dry chemical hand hose line
must be one that can be actuated at its
hose reel or hose storage cabinet.

(b) Each dry chemical monitor must
be one that can be actuated and controlled at the monitor.
(c) A dry chemical monitor for the
cargo loading and discharging manifold
areas must be one that can be:
(1) Actuated from a location other
than the monitor and manifold area;
and
(2) Except for pre-aimed monitors,
controlled from a location other than
the monitor and manifold area.
(d) Each dry chemical storage unit
must have independent piping with a
stop valve in the piping for each remote hand hose line and remote monitor where the piping connects to the
storage container, if the unit has:
(1) More than one hand hose line;
(2) More than one monitor; or
(3) A combination of hand hose lines
and monitors.
(e) Each stop valve under paragraph
(d) of the section must be capable of:
(1) Manual operation; and
(2) Being opened from the hose reel or
monitor to which it is connected.
(f) Damage to any dry chemical system hose, monitor, pipe or control circuits must not prevent the operation of
other hoses, monitors, or control circuit that are connected to the same
storage unit.
§ 154.1170 Hand hose line: General.
Each dry chemical hand hose line
must:
(a) Not be longer than 33m (108 ft.);
(b) Be stored on a hose reel or in a
hose cabinet and be one that is operable whether or not it is unwound from
a hose reel or removed from a hose cabinet;
(c) Be non-kinkable;
(d) Have a nozzle with a valve to
start and stop the flow of chemical;
(e) Have a capacity of at least 3.5 kg/
sec (7.7 lb./sec); and
(f) Be one that can be operated by
one person.
CARGO AREA: MECHANICAL VENTILATION
SYSTEM
§ 154.1200 Mechanical ventilation system: General.
(a) Each cargo compressor room,
pump room, gas-dangerous cargo control station, and space that contains

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§ 154.1205

46 CFR Ch. I (10–1–01 Edition)

cargo handling equipment must have a
fixed, exhaust-type mechanical ventilation system.
(b) The following must have a supplytype mechanical ventilation system:
(1) Each space that contains electric
motors for cargo handling equipment.
(2) Each gas-safe cargo control station in the cargo area.
(3) Each gas-safe space in the cargo
area.
(4) Each space that contains inert gas
generators, except main machinery
spaces.
§ 154.1205 Mechanical ventilation system: Standards.
(a) Each exhaust type mechanical
ventilation system required under
§ 154.1200 (a) must have ducts for vapors
from the following:
(1) The deck level.
(2) Bilges.
(3) If the vapors are lighter than air,
the top of each space that personnel
enter during cargo handling operations.
(b) The discharge end of each duct
under paragraph (a) of this section
must be at least 10 m (32.8 ft.) from
ventilation intakes and openings to accommodations, service, control station, and other gas-safe spaces.
(c) Each ventilation system under
§ 154.1200 (a) and (b)(1) must change the
air in that space and its adjoining
trunks at least 30 times each hour.
(d) Each ventilation system for a gassafe cargo control station in the cargo
area must change the air in that space
at least eight times each hour.
(e) A ventilation system must not recycle vapor from ventilation discharges.
(f) Each mechanical ventilation system must have its operational controls
outside the ventilated space.
(g) No ventilation duct for a gas-dangerous space may pass through any
machinery, accommodation, service, or
control space, except as allowed under
§ 154.703.
(h) Each electric motor that drives a
ventilation fan must not be within the
ducts for any space that may contain
flammable cargo vapors.
(i) Ventilation impellers and the
housing in way of those impellers on a

flammable cargo carrier must meet one
of the following:
(1) The impeller, housing, or both
made of non-metallic material that
does not generate static electricity.
(2) The impeller and housing made of
non-ferrous material.
(3) The impeller and housing made of
austenitic stainless steel.
(4) The impeller and housing made of
ferrous material with at least 13mm
(0.512 in.) tip clearance.
(j) No ventilation fan may have any
combination of fixed or rotating components made of an aluminum or magnesium alloy and ferrous fixed or rotating components.
(k) Each ventilation intake and exhaust must have a protective metal
screen of not more than 13mm (0.512
in.) square mesh.
§ 154.1210 Hold space, void space,
cofferdam, and spaces containing
cargo piping.
(a) Each hold space, void space,
cofferdam, and spaces containing cargo
piping must have:
(1) A fixed mechanical ventilation
system; or
(2) A fixed ducting system that has a
portable blower that meets § 154.1205(i)
and (j).
(b) A portable blower in any personnel access opening must not reduce
the area of that opening so that the
opening does not meet § 154.340.
INSTRUMENTATION
§ 154.1300 Liquid level gauging system:
General.
(a) If Table 4 lists a closed gauge for
a cargo, the liquid level gauging system under § 154.1305 must be closed
gauges that do not have any opening
through which cargo liquid or vapor
could escape, such as an ultrasonic device, float type device, electronic or
magnetic probe, or bubble tube indicator.
(b) If Table 4 lists a restricted gauge
for a cargo, the liquid level gauging
system under § 154.1305 must be closed
gauges that meet paragraph (a) of this
section or restricted gauges that do not
vent the cargo tank’s vapor space, such
as a fixed tube, slip tube, or rotary
tube.

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§ 154.1335

§ 154.1305 Liquid level gauging system:
Standards.
(a) Each cargo tank must have at
least one liquid level gauging system
that is operable:
(1) At pressures up to, and including,
the MARVS of the tank; and
(2) At temperatures that are within
the cargo handling temperature range
for all cargoes carried.
(b) Unless the cargo tank has one liquid gauging system that can be repaired and maintained when the tank
contains cargo, each cargo tank must
have at least two liquid level gauging
systems that meet paragraph (a) of this
section.
(c) Each liquid level gauging system
must measure liquid levels from 400
mm (16 in.) or less from the lowest
point in the cargo tank, except collection wells, to 100 percent full.
§ 154.1310

Closed gauge shut-off valve.

Each closed gauge that is not mounted directly on the cargo tank must
have a shut-off valve that is as close to
the tank as practical.
§ 154.1315 Restricted
flow valve.

gauge

excess

Each restricted gauge that penetrates a cargo tank must have an excess flow valve unless the gauge meets
§ 154.536.
§ 154.1320 Sighting
ports,
tubular
gauge glasses, and flat plate type
gauge glasses.
(a) Cargo tanks may have sighting
ports as a secondary means of liquid
level gauging in addition to the gauges
under § 154.1305, if:
(1) The tank has a MARVS that is
less than 69 kPa gauge (10 psig);
(2) The port has a protective cover
and an internal scale; and
(3) The port is above the liquid level.
(b) Tubular gauge glasses must not
be liquid level gauges for cargo tanks.
(c) Plate type gauge glasses must not
be liquid level gauges for cargo tanks,
except deck tanks if the gauge connections have excess flow valves.

§ 154.1325 Liquid level alarm system:
All cargo tanks.
Except as allowed under § 154.1330,
each cargo tank must have a high liquid level alarm system that:
(a) Is independent of the liquid level
gauging system under § 154.1305;
(b) Actuates quick-closing valves
under §§ 154.530, 154.532, and 154,538 or a
stop valve in the cargo tank loading
line to prevent the tank from becoming
100 percent liquid full and without
causing the pressure in the loading
lines to exceed the design pressure; and
(c) Actuates an audible and visual
alarm at the cargo control station at
the liquid level at which the valves
under paragraph (b) of this section are
actuated or at some lower liquid level.
§ 154.1330 Liquid level alarm system:
Independent tank type C.
Independent tanks type C need not
have the high liquid level alarm system under § 154.1325 if:
(a) The tank volume is less than 200
m3 (7,060 ft.3); or
(b) The tank can withstand the maximum possible pressure during loading,
that pressure is below the relief valve
setting, and overflow of the tank cannot occur.
§ 154.1335 Pressure and vacuum protection.
(a) Each cargo tank must have the
following:
(1) A pressure gauge that:
(i) Monitors the vapor space;
(ii) Is readable at the tank; and
(iii) Has remote readouts at the cargo
control station.
(2) If vacuum protection is required
under § 154.804, a vacuum gauge meeting paragraphs (a)(1)(i), (a)(1)(ii), and
(a)(1)(iii) of this section.
(b) The vessel must have at least one
high pressure alarm that:
(1) Actuates before the pressure in
any cargo tank exceeds the maximum
pressure specially approved by the
Commandant (G–MSO); and
(2) Actuates an audible and visual
alarm at the cargo control station, and
a remote group alarm in the wheelhouse.
(c) If vacuum protection is required
under § 154.804, the vessel must have at
least one low pressure alarm that:

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§ 154.1340

46 CFR Ch. I (10–1–01 Edition)

(1) Actuates before the pressure in
any cargo tank falls below the minimum pressure specially approved by
the Commandant (G–MSO); and
(2) Actuates an audible and visual
alarm at the cargo control station, and
a remote group alarm in the wheelhouse.
(d) At least one pressure gauge must
be fitted on each:
(1) Enclosed hold;
(2) Enclosed interbarrier space;
(3) Cargo pump discharge line;
(4) Liquid cargo manifold; and
(5) Vapor cargo manifold.
(e) There must be a local manifold
pressure gauge between each manifold
stop valve and each hose connection to
the shore.
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 82–063b, 48 FR 4782, Feb. 3,
1983]

§ 154.1340 Temperature measuring devices.
(a) Each cargo tank must have devices that measure the temperature:
(1) At the bottom of the tank; and
(2) Near the top of the tank and
below the maximum liquid level allowed under § 154.1844.
(b) Each device required by paragraph (a) must have a readout at the
cargo control station.
(c) Except for independent tanks type
C, each cargo containment system for a
design temperature colder than ¥55 °C
(¥67 °F) must have temperature measuring devices that meet the following:
(1) The number and location of the
devices must be specially approved by
the Commandant (G–MSO).
(2) The devices must be within the
cargo tank’s insulation or on the adjacent hull structure.
(3) Each device must show the temperature continuously or at regular intervals of one hour or less.
(4) Each device must actuate an audible and visual alarm at the cargo control station and a remote group alarm
in the wheelhouse before the temperature of the steel of the adjacent hull
structure is cooled below the lowest
temperature allowed for the steel
under § 154.172.
(d) For each cargo tank with a design
temperature colder than ¥55 °C (¥67
°F), the number and arrangement of

the devices that show the temperature
of the tank during cool down procedures must be specially approved by
the Commandant (G–MSO).
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 82–063b, 48 FR 4782, Feb. 3,
1983]

§ 154.1345 Gas detection.
(a) Each vessel carrying a cargo that
is designated with an ‘‘I’’ or ‘‘I and T’’
in Table 4 must have:
(1) A fixed flammable gas detection
system that meets § 154.1350; and
(2) Two portable gas detectors that
can each measure 0 to 100% of the
lower flammable limit of the cargo carried.
(b) Each vessel carrying a cargo that
is designated with a ‘‘T’’ or ‘‘I and T’’
in Table 4 must have:
(1) Two portable gas detectors that
show if the concentration of cargo is
above or below the threshold limit
value listed in 29 CFR 1910.1000 for that
cargo; and
(2) Fixed gas sampling tubes in each
hold space and interbarrier space with:
(i) The number of tubes specially approved by the Commandant (G–MSO);
(ii) Each tube valved and capped
above the main deck unless it is connected to a fixed toxic gas detector;
(iii) If the vessel carries cargo that is
heavier than the atmosphere of the
space, each tube’s open end in the
lower part of the space;
(iv) If the vessel carries cargo that is
lighter than the atmosphere of the
space, each tube’s open end in the
upper part of the space;
(v) If the vessel carries cargo that is
heavier than the atmosphere of the
space and another cargo that is lighter
than the atmosphere of the space,
tubes with their open ends in the lower
part of the space and tubes with their
open ends in the upper part of the
space; and
(vi) If the vessel carries cargo that
can be both heavier and lighter than
the atmosphere of the space, tubes
with their open ends in the lower part
of the space and tubes with their open
ends in the upper part of the space.
(c) A vessel that carries methyl bromide or sulfur dioxide must have a
fixed gas detection system that is not
located in a gas-safe space.

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§ 154.1350

(d) A vessel that carries sulfur dioxide must have a fixed gas detection system that meets § 154.1350 except paragraph (j).
(e) Each alarm under § 154.1350(e) on a
vessel that carries methyl bromide or
sulfur dioxide must be set at or below
the threshold limit value listed in 29
CFR 1910.1000 for the cargo carried.
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 82–063b, 48 FR 4782, Feb. 3,
1983]

§ 154.1350 Flammable gas detection
system.
(a) The vessel must have a fixed
flammable gas detection system that
has sampling points in:
(1) Each cargo pump room;
(2) Each cargo compressor room;
(3) Each motor room for cargo handling machinery;
(4) Each cargo control station that is
not gas-safe;
(5) Each hold space, interbarrier
space, and other enclosed spaces, except fuel oil or ballast tanks, in the
cargo area, unless the vessel has independent tanks type C; and
(6) Each space between the doors of
an air lock under § 154.345.
(b) The sampling points under paragraph (a) of this section must meet
§ 154.1345(b)(2) (iii) through (vi).
(c) Gas sampling lines for the flammable gas detection system must not
pass through any gas-safe space, except
the gas-safe space in which the gas detection equipment is located.
(d) Gas detection systems must have
a readout with meters that show flammable gas concentration over the concentration or volume ranges under
paragraph (t) or (u) of this section.
(e) Each flammable gas detection
system must have audible and visual
alarms that are actuated at a cargo
concentration that is 30% or less of the
lower flammable limit in air of the
cargo carried.
(f) Each flammable gas detection system must have an audible and visual
alarm for power failure and loss of gas
sampling flow.
(g) The alarms under paragraphs (e)
and (f) of this section must signal in
the space where the gas detection system’s readout is located and must meet
§ 154.1365.

(h) Remote group alarms, that indicate that one of the alarm conditions
under paragraphs (e) and (f) of this section exists, must meet § 154.1365 and
must be in each wheelhouse and in
each cargo control station if the gas
detection system’s readout is not located in those spaces.
(i) Each flammable gas detection system must monitor each sampling point
at 30 minute or shorter intervals.
(j) Electrical equipment for each
flammable gas detection system that is
in a gas-dangerous space or area must
meet §§ 154.1000 through 154.1015.
(k) Each flammable gas detection
system must have enough flame arrestors for all gas sampling lines to prevent flame propagation to the spaces
served by the system through the sampling lines.
(l) Each flammable gas detection system must have a filter that removes
particulate matter in each gas sampling line.
(m) Each filter under paragraph (l) of
this section must be located where it
can be removed during vessel operation, unless it can be freed by back
pressure.
(n) Each flammable gas detection
system in a gas-safe space must:
(1) Have a shut-off valve in each sampling line from an enclosed space, such
as a hold or interbarrier space; and
(2) Exhaust gas to a safe location in
the open atmosphere and away from all
ignition sources.
(o) Each flammable gas detection
system must not have common sampling lines, except sampling lines may
be manifolded at the gas detector location if each line has an automatic
valve that prevents cross-communication between sampling points.
(p) Each flammable gas detection
system must have at least one connection for injecting zero gas and span gas
into the system for testing and calibration.
(q) Each flammable gas detection
system must have span gas for testing
and calibration that is of known concentration.
(r) The calibration test procedure and
type and concentration of span gas
under paragraph (q) of this section
must be on or in each gas analyzer cabinet.

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§ 154.1360

46 CFR Ch. I (10–1–01 Edition)

(s) Each flammable gas detection system must have at least one flow meter
capable of measuring the flow to the
gas analyzer, and must provide a
means for ensuring that there is a positive flow in the right direction in each
sampling line at all times.
(t) Each flammable gas detection system must measure gas concentrations
that:
(1) Are at least 0% through 200% of
the alarm concentration; and
(2) Allow calibration of the equipment with span gas.
(u) In each hold and each interbarrier
space that contains tanks other than
independent tanks type A, B, or C, the
flammable gas detection system must
measure cargo concentrations of 0 to
100% by volume with:
(1) An analyzer other than the one
under paragraph (t) of this section; or
(2) The analyzer under paragraph (t)
of this section with a scale switch that
automatically returns the analyzer to
the concentration range under paragraph (t) of this section when released.
§ 154.1360

Oxygen analyzer.

The vessel must have a portable analyzer that measures oxygen levels in an
inert atmosphere.
§ 154.1365

Audible and visual alarms.

(a) Each audible alarm must have an
arrangement that allows it to be
turned off after sounding. For remote
group alarms this arrangement must
not interrupt the alarm’s actuation by
other faults.
(b) Each visual alarm must be one
that can be turned off only after the
fault that actuated it is corrected.
(c) Each visual alarm must be
marked to show the type and, except
for remote group alarms, the location
of each fault that actuates it.
(d) Each vessel must have means for
testing each alarm.
§ 154.1370 Pressure gauge and vacuum
gauge marking.
Each pressure gauge and vacuum
gauge under § 154.1335(a) must be
marked with the maximum and minimum pressures that are specified on
the vessel’s certificate for the cargo
carried.

§ 154.1375 Readout for temperature
measuring device: Marking.
Each readout under § 154.1340 for a device that measures temperature in a
cargo tank must be marked with the
design temperature specified for the
cargo tank on the vessel’s certificate.
SAFETY EQUIPMENT
§ 154.1400
sels.

Safety equipment: All ves-

(a) Instead of the equipment under
§ 35.30–20 of this chapter, a vessel of less
than 25,000 m3 cargo capacity must
have the following personnel safety
equipment:
(1) Six self-contained, pressure-demand-type, air-breathing apparatus approved by the Mining Enforcement and
Safety Administration (MESA) or the
National Institute for Occupational
Safety and Health (NIOSH), each having at least a 30 minute capacity.
(2) Nine spare bottles of air for the
self-contained air-breathing apparatus,
each having at least a 30 minute capacity.
(3) Six steel-cored lifelines.
(4) Six Type II or Type III flashlights
constructed and marked in accordance
with ASTM F 1014 (incorporated by reference, see § 154.1).
(5) Three fire axes.
(6) Six helmets that meet ANSI Safety Requirements for Industrial Head
Protection, Z–89.1 (1969).
(7) Six sets of boots and gloves that
are made of rubber or other electrically non-conductive material.
(8) Six sets of goggles that meet the
specifications of ANSI Practice for Occupational and Educational Eye and
Face Protection, Z–87.1 (1979).
(9) Three outfits that protect the
skin from scalding steam and the heat
of a fire, and that have a water resistant outer surface.
(10) Three chemical protective outfits
that protect the wearers from the particular personnel hazards presented by
the cargo vapor.
(b) Instead of the equipment under
§ 35.30–20 of this chapter, a vessel of
25,000 m3 cargo capacity or more must
have the following personnel safety
equipment:

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§ 154.1430

(1) Eight self-contained, pressure-demand-type, air-breathing apparatus approved by the Mining Enforcement and
Safety Administration (MESA) or the
National Institute for Occupational
Safety and Health (NIOSH), each having at least a 30 minute capacity.
(2) Nine spare bottles of air for the
self-contained air-breathing apparatus,
each having at least a 30 minute capacity.
(3) Eight steel-cored lifelines.
(4) Eight Type II or Type III flashlights constructed and marked in accordance with ASTM F 1014 (incorporated by reference, see § 154.1).
(5) Three fire axes.
(6) Eight helmets that meet ANSI
Safety Requirements for Industrial
Head Protection, Z–89.1 (1969).
(7) Eight sets of boots and gloves that
are made of rubber or other electrically non-conductive material.
(8) Eight sets of goggles that meet
the specifications of ANSI Practice for
Occupational and Educational Eye and
Face Protection, Z–87.1 (1979).
(9) Five outfits that protect the skin
from scalding steam and the heat of a
fire, and that have a water resistant
outer surface.
(10) Three chemical protective outfits
that protect the wearers from the particular personnel hazards presented by
the cargo vapor.
(c) When Table 4 references this section, a vessel carrying the listed cargo
must have the following additional personnel protection equipment:
(1) Three self-contained, pressure-demand-type, air-breathing apparatus approved by the Mining Enforcement and
Safety Administration (MESA) or the
National Institute for Occupational
Safety and Health (NIOSH), each having at least a 30 minute capacity.
(2) Nine spare bottles of air for the
self-contained air-breathing apparatus,
each having at least a 30 minute capacity.
(3) Three steel-cored lifelines.
(4) Three Type II or Type III flashlights constructed and marked in accordance with ASTM F 1014 (incorporated by reference, see § 154.1).
(5) Three helmets that meet ANSI
Safety Requirements for Industrial
Head Protection, Z–89.1 (1969).

(6) Three sets of boots and gloves
that are made of rubber or other electrically non-conductive material.
(7) Three sets of goggles that meet
the specifications of ANSI Practice for
Occupational and Educational Eye and
Face Protection, Z–87.1 (1979).
(8) Three chemical protective outfits
that protect the wearers from the particular personnel hazards presented by
the cargo vapor.
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 77–069, 52 FR 31630, Aug. 21,
1987; CGD 82–042, 17705, May 18, 1988; USCG–
1999–5151, 64 FR 67183, Dec. 1, 1999]

§ 154.1405

Respiratory protection.

When Table 4 references this section,
a vessel carrying the listed cargo must
have:
(a) Respiratory protection equipment
for each person on board that protects
the person from the cargo vapor for at
least 5 minutes; and
(b) Two additional sets of respiratory
protection equipment that:
(1) Are stowed in the wheelhouse; and
(2) Protects the wearer from the
cargo vapor for at least 5 minutes.
§ 154.1410

Decontamination shower.

When Table 4 references this section,
a vessel carrying the listed cargo must
have a decontamination shower and an
eye wash that:
(a) Are on the weatherdeck; and
(b) Have their location marked
EMERGENCY SHOWER in letters:
(1) 7.6 cm (3 in.) high; and
(2) 5.1 cm (2 in.) wide.
§ 154.1415

Air compressor.

Each vessel must have an air compressor to recharge the bottles for the
air-breathing apparatus.
§ 154.1420

Stretchers and equipment.

Each vessel must have:
(a) Two stretchers or wire baskets;
and
(b) Equipment for lifting an injured
person from a cargo tank, hold, or void
space.
§ 154.1430

Equipment locker.

One of each item of equipment under
§§ 154.1400 and 154.1420 must be stowed
in a marked locker:

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§ 154.1435

46 CFR Ch. I (10–1–01 Edition)

(a) On the open deck in or adjacent to
the cargo area; or
(b) In the accommodation house, near
to a door that opens onto the main
deck.
§ 154.1435

Medical first aid guide.

Each vessel must have a copy of the
IMO Medical First Aid Guide for Use in
Accidents Involving Dangerous Goods,
printed by IMO, London, U.K.
§ 154.1440

Antidotes.

Each vessel must have the antidotes
prescribed in the IMO Medical First Aid
Guide for Use in Accidents Involving
Dangerous Goods, printed by IMO, London, U.K. for the cargoes being carried.

Subpart D—Special Design and
Operating Requirements
§ 154.1700

Purpose.

This subpart prescribes design and
operating requirements that are unique
for certain cargoes regulated by this
part.
§ 154.1702

Materials of construction.

When Table 4 references one of the
following paragraphs in this section,
the materials in the referenced paragraph must not be in components that
contact the cargo liquid or vapor:
(a) Aluminum and aluminum bearing
alloys.
(b) Copper and copper bearing alloys.
(c) Zinc or galvanized steel.
(d) Magnesium.
(e) Mercury.
(f) Acetylide forming materials, such
as copper, silver, and mercury.
§ 154.1705

Independent tank type C.

The following cargoes must be carried in an independent tank type C
that meets § 154.701(a):
(a) Ethylene oxide.
(b) Methyl bromide.
(c) Sulfur dioxide.
§ 154.1710 Exclusion of air from cargo
tank vapor spaces.
When a vessel is carrying acetaldehyde, butadiene, ethylene oxide, or
vinyl chloride, the master shall ensure
that air is:

(a) Purged from the cargo tanks and
associated piping before the cargo is
loaded; and
(b) Excluded after the cargo is loaded
by maintaining a positive pressure of
at least 13.8 kPa gauge (2 psig) by:
(1) Introducing a gas that:
(i) Is not reactive;
(ii) Is not flammable; and
(iii) Does not contain more than 0.2%
oxygen by volume; or
(2) Controlling the cargo temperature.
§ 154.1715

Moisture control.

When a vessel is carrying sulfur dioxide, the master shall ensure that:
(a) A cargo tank is dry before it is
loaded with sulfur dioxide; and
(b) Air or inert gas admitted into a
cargo tank carrying sulfur dioxide during discharging or tank breathing has a
moisture content equal to or less than
the moisture content of air with a dewpoint of ¥45 °C (¥49 °F) at atmospheric
pressure.
§ 154.1720

Indirect refrigeration.

A refrigeration system that is used
to cool acetaldehyde, ethylene oxide,
or methyl bromide, must be an indirect
refrigeration system that does not use
vapor compression.
§ 154.1725

Ethylene oxide.

(a) A vessel carrying ethylene oxide
must:
(1) Have cargo piping, vent piping,
and refrigeration equipment that have
no connections to other systems;
(2) Have valves, flanges, fittings, and
accessory equipment made of steel,
stainless steel, except types 416 and 442,
or other material specially approved by
the Commandant (G–MSO);
(3) Have valve disk faces, and other
wearing parts of valves made of stainless steel containing not less than 11%
chromium;
(4) Have gaskets constructed of spirally wound stainless steel with teflon
or other material specially approved by
the Commandant (G–MSO);
(5) Not have asbestos, rubber, or cast
iron components in the cargo containment system and piping;
(6) Not have threaded joints in cargo
piping;

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§ 154.1735

(7) Have a water spray system under
§ 154.1105 that protects the above deck
cargo piping; and
(8) Have a nitrogen inerting system
or on board nitrogen gas storage that
can inert the vapor space of an ethylene oxide cargo tank for a period of 30
days under the condition of paragraph
(e) of this section.
(b) Cargo hose used for ethylene
oxide must:
(1) Be specially approved by the Commandant (G–MSO); and
(2) Be marked ‘‘For (Alkylene or
Ethylene) Oxide Transfer Only.’’
(c) Ethylene oxide must be maintained at less than 30 °C (86 °F).
(d) Cargo tank relief valves for tanks
containing ethylene oxide must be set
at 539 kPa gauge (78.2 psig) or higher.
(e) The vapor space of a cargo tank
carrying ethylene oxide must be maintained at a nitrogen concentration of
45% by volume.
(f) A vessel must have a method for
jettisoning ethylene oxide that meets
§§ 154.356 and 154.1872.
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 82–063b, 48 FR 4782, Feb. 3,
1983]

§ 154.1730 Ethylene oxide: Loading and
off loading.
(a) The master shall ensure that before ethylene oxide is loaded into a
cargo tank:
(1) The tank is thoroughly clean, dry,
and free of rust;
(2) The hold spaces are inerted with
an inert gas that meets § 154.1710(b)(1);
and
(3) The cargo tank vapor space is
inerted with nitrogen.
(b) Ethylene oxide must be off loaded
by a deepwell pump or inert gas displacement.
(c) Ethylene oxide must not be carried in deck tanks.
§ 154.1735 Methyl
acetylene-propadiene mixture.
(a) The composition of the methyl
acetylene-propadiene mixture at loading must be within the following limits
or specially approved by the Commandant (G–MSO):
(1) One composition is:
(i) Maximum methyl acetylene and
propadiene molar ratio of 3 to 1;

(ii) Maximum combined concentration of methyl acetylene and propadiene of 65 mole percent;
(iii) Minimum combined concentration of propane, butane, and isobutane
of 24 mole percent, of which at least
one-third (on a molar basis) must be
butanes and one-third propane; and
(iv) Maximum combined concentration of propylene and butadiene of 10
mole percent.
(2) A second composition is:
(i) Maximum methyl acetylene and
propadiene combined concentration of
30 mole percent;
(ii) Maximum methyl acetylene concentration of 20 mole percent;
(iii) Maximum propadiene concentration of 20 mole percent;
(iv) Maximum propylene concentration of 45 mole percent;
(v)
Maximum
butadiene
and
butylenes combined concentration of 2
mole percent;
(vi) A minimum saturated C 4 hydrocarbon concentration of 4 mole percent; and
(vii) A minimum propane concentration of 25 mole percent.
(b) A vessel carrying a methyl
acetylene-propadiene mixture must
have a refrigeration system without
vapor compression or have a refrigeration system with the following features:
(1) A vapor compressor that does not
raise the temperature and pressure of
the vapor above 60 °C (140 °F) and 1.72
MPa gauge (250 psig) during its operation and that does not allow vapor to
stagnate in the compressor while it
continues to run.
(2) Discharge piping from each compressor stage or each cylinder in the
same stage of a reciprocating compressor that has:
(i) Two temperature actuated shutdown switches set to operate at 60 °C
(140 °F) or less;
(ii) A pressure actuated shutdown
switch set to operate at 1.72 MPa gauge
(250 psig) or less; and
(iii) A safety relief valve set to relieve at 1.77 MPa gauge (256 psig) or
less.
(3) A relief valve that vents to a mast
meeting § 154.805 and that does not relieve into the compressor suction line.

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§ 154.1740

46 CFR Ch. I (10–1–01 Edition)

(4) An alarm that sounds in the cargo
control station and in the wheelhouse
when any of the high pressure or high
temperature switches under paragraphs
(b)(2)(i) and (b)(2)(ii) of this section operate.
(c) A vessel carrying a methyl
acetylene-propadiene mixture must
have separate cargo piping, vent piping, and refrigeration equipment for
methyl acetylene-propadiene that are
segregated from other cargo piping,
vent piping and refrigeration equipment on the vessel.

§ 154.1760 Liquid ammonia.
The master shall ensure that no person sprays liquid ammonia into a cargo
tank containing more than 8% oxygen
by volume.

[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979; 44 FR
59234, Oct. 15, 1979; CGD 82–063b, 48 FR 4782,
Feb. 3, 1983]

§ 154.1801 Certificates, letters, and endorsements: U.S. flag vessels.
No person may operate a U.S. flag
vessel unless the vessel has a Certificate of Inspection, issued under Subchapter D of this chapter, which is endorsed with the name of the cargo that
it is allowed to carry.

§ 154.1740 Vinyl
and inerting.

chloride:

Inhibiting

When a vessel is carrying vinyl chloride, the master shall ensure that:
(a) Section 154.1818 is met; or
(b) Section 154.1710 is met, and the
oxygen content of inert gas is less than
0.1% by volume.
§ 154.1745 Vinyl chloride: Transferring
operations.
A vessel carrying vinyl chloride must
meet the requirements of § 151.50–34(g)
through (k) of this chapter.
[CGD 95–012, 60 FR 48051, Sept. 18, 1995]

§ 154.1750 Butadiene or vinyl chloride:
Refrigeration system.
A refrigeration system for butadiene
or vinyl chloride must not use vapor
compression unless it:
(a) Avoids any stagnation points
where uninhibited liquid can accumulate; or
(b) Has inhibited liquid from the
cargo tank added to the vapor upstream of the condenser.
§ 154.1755

Nitrogen.

Except for deck tanks and their piping systems, cargo containment systems and piping systems carrying nitrogen must be specially approved by
the Commandant (G–MSO).
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 82–063b, 48 FR 4782, Feb. 3,
1983]

Subpart E—Operations
§ 154.1800 Special operating requirements under Part 35 of this chapter.
Each vessel must meet the requirements of Part 35 of this chapter except
§ 35.30–20.

§ 154.1802 Certificates, letters and endorsements: Foreign flag vessels.
(a) No person may operate on the
navigable waters of the United States a
foreign flag vessel, whose flag administration issues IMO Certificates, unless
the vessel has:
(1) An IMO Certificate issued by the
flag administration that is endorsed
with the name of the cargo that it is
allowed to carry, and, except when entering United States waters to be examined as required by § 154.150, a Certificate of Compliance 1 issued by the
Coast Guard endorsed under this part
with the name of the cargo that it is
allowed to carry; or
(2) Special approval under § 154.30.
(b) No person may operate on the
navigable waters of the United States a
foreign flag vessel, whose flag administration does not issue IMO Certificates,
unless the vessel has:
(1) Except when entering United
States waters to be examined as required by § 154.150, a Certificate of Compliance 1 issued by the Coast Guard endorsed under this part with the name
of the cargo it is allowed to carry; or
1 Until the Certificate of Compliance form
is developed, the Letter of Compliance with
a Subchapter O endorsement for the carriage
of liquefied gases will serve the purpose of
the endorsed Certificate of Compliance.

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Coast Guard, DOT

§ 154.1810

(2) Special approval under § 154.30.
(c) No person may operate on the
navigable waters of the United States a
foreign flag vessel unless the vessel has
onboard the following plans and information which except for the certificates under paragraph (c)(1) of this section, are in English:
(1) The vessel’s Cargo Ship Safety
Construction Certificate and Cargo
Ship Safety Equipment Certificate
issued under the International Convention for Safety of Life at Sea, 1974.
(2) A description and schematic plan
of the arrangement for inerting cargo
tanks, hold spaces, and interbarrier
spaces.
(3) A description of the cargo tank
gauging equipment.
(4) A description and instruction
manual for the calibration of the cargo
leak detector equipment.
(5) A schematic plan that shows the
locations of leak detectors and sampling points.
(6) If the vessel carries methane, a
description of the systems for cargo
temperature and pressure control. (See
§§ 154.703 through 154.709).
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 81–052, 50 FR 8735, Mar. 5,
1985; CGD 77–069, 52 FR 31631, Aug. 21, 1987;
CGD 90–008, 55 FR 30663, July 26, 1990]

§ 154.1803 Expiration of Certificates of
Compliance.
(a) A Certificate of Compliance expires after a period not to exceed twenty-four months from the date of the examination under § 154.150.
(b) If a vessel’s IMO Certificate of
Fitness expires or otherwise becomes
invalid, its Certificate of Compliance
becomes invalid for the carriage of cargoes listed in Table 4 of this part or authorized by special approval under
§ 154.12. To maintain the validity of the
Certificate of Compliance, the vessel’s
owner must submit a copy of any revised or reissued IMO Certificate to
Commanding Officer, Marine Safety
Center.
[CGD 81–052, 50 FR 8735, Mar. 5, 1985; CGD 95–
072, 60 FR 50466, Sept. 29, 1995; 60 FR 54106,
Oct. 19, 1995]

§ 154.1804 Document posted in wheelhouse.
No person may operate a U.S. flag
vessel unless the documents under
§ 154.1801 are under glass in a conspicuous place in the wheelhouse.
§ 154.1806

Regulations on board.

No person may operate a U.S. flag
vessel unless a copy of this part and a
copy of Part 35 of this chapter are on
board.
§ 154.1808
ment.

Limitations in the endorse-

No person may operate a vessel unless that person complies with all limitations in the endorsement on the vessel’s Certificate of Inspection or Certificate of Compliance.
[CGD 81–052, 50 FR 8735, Mar. 5, 1985]

§ 154.1809
ual.

Loading and stability man-

(a) No person may operate a vessel
unless that vessel has on board a loading and stability manual.
(b) The loading and stability manual
must contain:
(1) Information that enables the master to load and ballast the vessel while
keeping structural stresses within design limits; and
(2) The information required by
§ 170.110 of this chapter.
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 79–023, 49 FR 51010, Nov. 4,
1983]

§ 154.1810

Cargo manual.

(a) No person may operate a foreign
flag vessel, whose flag administration
does not issue IMO Certificates, on the
navigable waters of the United States,
or a U.S. flag vessel, unless the vessel
has on board a cargo manual containing the following information:
(1) A description of each cargo carried, its handling hazards as a liquid or
as a gas including frostbite or asphyxiation, its safety equipment and necessary first aid measures required by
this part.
(2) A description of the dangers of asphyxiation from the inerting gases
used on the vessel.

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§ 154.1812

46 CFR Ch. I (10–1–01 Edition)

(3) The measures that mitigate embrittlement of steel structure in way of
cargo leakage.
(4) The use of the firefighting systems on the vessel.
(5) The features of the cargo containment system that affect its operation
and maintenance, including pressure
and temperature ranges and relief
valve settings.
(6) Pressures, temperatures, and liquid levels for all operations.
(7) General information derived from
the first loading of the vessel.
(8) Alarm settings.
(9) Descriptions of the components of
the cargo system, including the following:
(i) Liquid cargo system.
(ii) Liquid recirculating or condensate return system.
(iii) Cargo tank cool-down system.
(iv) Cargo tank warm-up or vaporization system.
(v) Gas main system.
(vi) Cargo tank or compressor relief
system and blocked liquid or gas relief
system.
(vii) Inerting system.
(viii) Boil-off gas compressor or reliquefaction system.
(ix) Gas detection systems.
(x) Alarm or safety indication systems.
(xi) Cargo jettisoning system.
(xii) The system for using boil-off gas
as fuel.
(10) A description of cargo loading
and discharge operations, including simultaneous handling of multigrades of
cargo and ballast.
(11) A description of cargo operations
during the voyage.
(12) A description of cargo tank cooldown and warm-up operations including purging with inert gas and air.
(13) A description of hull and cargo
tank temperature monitoring systems.
(14) A description of gas detection
systems and alarm or safety systems.
(15) A description of the following
conditions and their symptoms, including emergency measures and corrective
actions:
(i) Cargo or ballast valve malfunction.
(ii) Low cargo tank gas pressure.
(iii) High fill level shutdown.
(iv) Gas compressor shutdown.

(v) Hull cold spots.
(vi) Cargo piping leaks.
(vii) Primary or secondary barrier
failure.
(viii) Hold boundary structural failure.
(ix) Fire in vent mast head.
(x) Reliquefaction plant failure.
(xi) Vaporizer malfunction or failure.
(xii) Piping or cargo valve freeze-up.
(16) Any other matters relating to operation of the cargo systems.
(17) The operational means to maintain the vessel in a condition of positive stability in accordance with the
loading and stability manual under
§ 154.1809 through all conditions of:
(i) Loading and deballasting; and
(ii) Unloading and ballasting.
(b) The master shall ensure that the
cargo manual is kept up-to-date.
§ 154.1812 Operational information for
terminal personnel.
The master shall ensure that terminal personnel are told the operational
information
required
by
§ 154.1810(a)(17).
§ 154.1814 Cargo information cards.
(a) No person may operate a vessel
unless a cargo information card for
each cargo being transported is carried
either in the wheelhouse, in the ship’s
office, or in another location easily accessible to the person in charge of the
watch.
(b) When a vessel is moored at a terminal, the master shall ensure that a
set of information cards is in the possession of the terminal’s person in
charge of cargo transfer operations.
(c) Each card must be at least 17 cm
× 24 cm (63⁄4 in. × 91⁄2 in.), have printing
on one side only, and must contain the
following information about the cargo:
(1) Name as listed in Table 4.
(2) Appearance.
(3) Odor.
(4) Safe handling procedures, including special handling instructions, and
handling hazards.
(5) Procedures to follow in the event
of spills, leaks, or uncontrolled cargo
release.
(6) Procedures to be followed if a person is exposed to the cargo.
(7) Firefighting procedures and materials.

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Coast Guard, DOT

§ 154.1830

§ 154.1816 Cargo location plan.
The master shall ensure that:
(a) A cargo location plan is prepared
that gives:
(1) The location and number of each
cargo tank; and
(2) The name of the cargo in each
tank;
(b) One cargo location plan is kept
with the sets of cargo information
cards required under § 154.1814; and
(c) The cargo names in the cargo location plan do not differ from the
names of the cargoes listed in Table 4.
§ 154.1818 Certification of inhibition.
(a) Except as provided in § 154.1740(b),
no person may operate a vessel carrying butadiene or vinyl chloride without carrying in the wheelhouse written
certification from the shipper that the
product is inhibited.
(b) The certification required by this
section must contain the following information:
(1) The name and concentration of
the inhibitor.
(2) The date the inhibitor was added.
(3) The expected duration of the inhibitor’s effectiveness.
(4) Any temperature limitations
qualifying the inhibitor’s effective lifetime.
(5) The action to be taken if the time
of the voyage exceeds the inhibitor’s
lifetime.
§ 154.1820 Shipping document.
No person may operate a vessel without carrying a shipping document in
the wheelhouse that lists for each
cargo on board:
(a) The cargo tank in which the cargo
is stowed;
(b) The name of the shipper;
(c) The location of the loading terminal;
(d) The cargo name as listed in Table
4; and
(e) The approximate quantity of the
cargo.
§ 154.1822 Shipping document: Copy
for transfer terminal.
While a vessel is moored at a transfer
terminal, the master shall ensure that
at least one copy of the shipping document is given to the terminal’s person
in charge of cargo transfer.

§ 154.1824 Obstruction
ladderways.

of

pumproom

The master shall ensure that each
cargo pumproom access is unobstructed.
§ 154.1826 Opening of cargo tanks and
cargo sampling.
(a) The master shall ensure that each
cargo tank opening is fully closed at
all times.
(b) The master may authorize the
opening of a cargo tank:
(1) During tank cleaning; and
(2) To sample a cargo that Table 4 allows to be carried in a containment
system having a restricted gauging
system if:
(i) The cargo tank is not being filled
during sampling;
(ii) The vent system has relieved any
pressure in the tank; and
(iii) The person sampling the cargo
wears protective clothing.
(c) The master shall ensure that cargoes requiring closed gauging as listed
in Table 4 are sampled only through
the controlled sampling arrangement
of the cargo tank.
§ 154.1828 Spaces
vapor: Entry.

containing

cargo

(a) No person may enter a cargo handling space without the permission of
the master or without following a safety procedure established by the master.
(b) Before allowing anyone to enter a
cargo handling space, the master shall
ensure that:
(1) The space is free of toxic vapors
and has an oxygen concentration of at
least 19.5 percent oxygen by volume; or
(2) Those entering the space wear
protective equipment with breathing
apparatus and an officer closely supervises the entire operation in the space.
§ 154.1830

Warning sign.

(a) The master shall ensure that a
vessel transferring cargo, while fast to
a dock or while at anchor in port, displays a warning sign:
(1) At the gangway facing the shore
so that the sign may be seen from the
shore; and
(2) Facing outboard towards the
water so that the sign may be seen
from the water.

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§ 154.1831

46 CFR Ch. I (10–1–01 Edition)

(b) Except as provided in paragraph
(e) of this section, each warning sign
must have the following words:
(1) Warning.
(2) Dangerous Cargo.
(3) No Visitors.
(4) No Smoking.
(5) No Open Lights.
(c) Each letter in the words on the
sign must:
(1) Be block style;
(2) Be black on a white background;
(3) Be 7.6 cm (3 in.) high;
(4) Be 5.1 cm (2 in.) wide, except for
‘‘M’’ and ‘‘W’’ which must be 7.6 cm (3
in.) wide, and the letter ‘‘I’’ which may
be 1.3 cm (1⁄2 in.) wide; and
(5) Have 1.3 cm (1⁄2 in.) stroke width.
(d) The spacing between letters must
be:
(1) 1.3 cm (1⁄2 in.) between letters of
the same word on the sign;
(2) 5.1 cm (2 in.) between words;
(3) 5.1 cm (2 in.) between lines; and
(4) 5.1 cm (2 in.) at the borders of the
sign.
(e) The words ‘‘No Smoking’’ and ‘‘No
Open Lights’’ may be omitted when the
cargoes on board a vessel are not flammable.
(f) When a vessel carries or transfers
vinyl chloride, the warning sign under
paragraph (b) of this section must also
have the words ‘‘Cancer Suspect
Agent.’’
§ 154.1831 Persons in charge of transferring liquid cargo in bulk or preparing cargo tanks.
(a) The owner and operator of the
vessel, and his or her agent, and each
of them, shall ensure that—
(1) Enough ‘‘Tankerman-PICs’’ or restricted
‘‘Tankerman-PICs’’,
and
‘‘Tankerman-Assistants’’,
authorized
for the classification of cargo carried,
are on duty to safely conduct a transfer of liquid cargo in bulk or a cooldown, warm-up, gas-free, or air-out of
each cargo tank;
(2) Each transfer of liquid cargo in
bulk, and each cool-down, warm-up,
gas-free, or air-out of a cargo tank, is
supervised by a person designated as a
person in charge of the transfer that
possesses the qualifications required by
33 CFR 155.710;
(3) On each foreign tankship, the person in charge of either a transfer of liquid cargo in bulk or a cool-down,

warm-up, gas-free, or air-out of a cargo
tank possesses the qualifications required by 33 CFR 155.710;
(4) When cargo regulated under this
part is being transferred, the person in
charge of the transfer has received special training in the particular hazards
associated with the cargo and in all
special procedures for its handling; and
(5) On each foreign vessel, the person
in charge understands his or her responsibilities as described in this subchapter.
(b) Upon request by the Officer in
Charge, Marine Inspection, in whose
zone the transfer will take place, the
owner and operator of the vessel, and
his or her agent, and each of them,
shall provide documentary evidence
that the person in charge has received
the training specified by paragraph
(a)(4) of this section and is capable of
competently performing the procedures
necessary for the cargo.
[CGD 79–116, 60 FR 17158, Apr. 4, 1995]

§ 154.1834

Cargo transfer piping.

The person in charge of cargo transfer shall ensure that cargo is transferred to or from a cargo tank only
through the cargo piping system.
§ 154.1836 Vapor venting as a means of
cargo tank pressure and temperature control.
When the vessel is on the navigable
waters of the United States, the master
shall ensure that the cargo pressure
and temperature control system under
§§ 154.701 through 154.709 is operating
and that venting of cargo is unnecessary to maintain cargo temperature
and pressure control, except under
emergency conditions.
§ 154.1838 Discharge by gas pressurization.
The person in charge of cargo transfer may not authorize cargo discharge
by gas pressurization unless:
(a) The tank to be offloaded is an
independent tank type B or C;
(b) The pressurizing medium is the
cargo vapor or a nonflammable,
nontoxic gas that is inert with the
cargo; and
(c) The pressurizing line has:

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§ 154.1850

(1) A pressure reducing valve that has
a setting that is 90 percent or less of
the tank’s relief valve setting; and
(2) A manual control valve between
the pressure reducing valve and the
tank.
§ 154.1840 Protective clothing.
The person in charge of cargo transfer shall ensure that each person involved in a cargo transfer operation,
except those assigned to gas-safe cargo
control rooms, wears protective clothing.
§ 154.1842 Cargo system: Controls and
alarms.
The master shall ensure that the
cargo emergency shut-down system
and the alarms under § 154.1325 are tested and working before cargo is transferred.
§ 154.1844 Cargo tanks: Filling limits.
(a) Unless a higher limit is specified
on the certificate the master shall ensure that a cargo tank is not loaded:
(1) More than 98 percent liquid full;
or
(2) In excess of the volume determined under the following formula:

d 
V L = (0.98 V)  r 
 dL 
where:
VL=maximum volume to which the tank
may be loaded;
V=volume of the tank;
dr=density at the reference temperature
specified in paragraph (b) of this section;
and
dL=density of the cargo at the loading temperature and pressure.

(b) The reference temperature to be
used in paragraph (a)(2) of this section
is the temperature corresponding to
the vapor pressure of the cargo at the
set pressure of the pressure relief
valves.
§ 154.1846 Relief valves: Changing set
pressure.
The master shall:
(a) Supervise the changing of the set
pressure
of
relief
valves
under
§ 154.802(b);
(b) Enter the change of set pressure
in the vessel’s log; and

(c) Ensure that a sign showing the set
pressure is posted:
(1) In the cargo control room or station; and
(2) At each relief valve.
§ 154.1848 Inerting.
(a) The master shall ensure that:
(1) Hold and interbarrier spaces on a
vessel with full secondary barriers are
inerted so that the oxygen concentration is 8 percent or less by volume
when flammable cargoes are carried;
(2) Hold and interbarrier spaces contain only dry air or inert gas on:
(i) A vessel with partial secondary
barriers;
(ii) A vessel with full secondary barriers when non-flammable cargoes are
carried; and
(iii) A vessel with refrigerated independent tanks type C;
(3) When cargo tanks containing
flammable vapor are to be gas freed,
the flammable vapors are purged from
the tank by inert gas before air is admitted; and
(4) When gas free cargo tanks are to
be filled with a flammable cargo, air is
purged from the tank by inert gas until
the oxygen concentration in the tank
is 8 percent or less by volume before
cargo liquid or vapor is introduced.
(b) Inert gas must be supplied from
the shore or from the vessel’s inert gas
system.
§ 154.1850 Entering cargo handling
spaces.
(a) The master shall ensure that the
ventilation system under § 154.1200 is in
operation for 30 minutes before a person enters one of the following:
(1) Spaces containing cargo pumps,
compressors, and compressor motors.
(2) Gas-dangerous cargo control
spaces.
(3) Other spaces containing cargo
handling equipment.
(b) The master shall ensure that a
warning sign listing the requirement
for use of the ventilation system, is
posted outside of each space under
paragraph (a) of this section.
(c) The master shall ensure that no
sources of ignition are put in a cargo
handling space on a vessel carrying
flammable cargo unless the space is
gas free.

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§ 154.1852
§ 154.1852

46 CFR Ch. I (10–1–01 Edition)
Air breathing equipment.

(a) The master shall ensure that a licensed officer inspects the compressed
air breathing equipment at least once
each month.
(b) The master shall enter in the vessel’s log a record of the inspection required under paragraph (a) of this section that includes:
(1) The date of the inspection; and
(2) The condition of the equipment at
the time of the inspection.
§ 154.1854

Methane (LNG) as fuel.

(a) If methane (LNG) vapors are used
as fuel in the main propulsion system
of a vessel, the master shall ensure
that the fuel oil fired pilot under
§ 154.705(c) is used when the vessel is on
the navigable waters of the United
States.
(b) When the methane (LNG) fuel
supply is shut down due to loss of ventilation or detection of gas, the master
shall ensure that the methane (LNG)
fuel supply is not used until the leak or
other cause of the shutdown is found
and corrected.
(c) The master shall ensure that the
required procedure under paragraph (b)
of this section is posted in the main
machinery space.
(d) The master shall ensure that the
oxygen concentration in the annular
space
of
the
fuel
line
under
§ 154.706(a)(1) is 8% or less by volume
before methane (LNG) vapors are admitted to the fuel line.
§ 154.1858

Cargo hose.

The person in charge of cargo transfer shall ensure that cargo hose used
for cargo transfer service meets
§§ 154.552 through 154.562.
§ 154.1860 Integral tanks: Cargo colder
than Ø10 ≥C (14 ≥F).
The master shall ensure that an integral tank does not carry a cargo colder
than ¥10 °C (14 °F) unless that carriage
is specially approved by the Commandant (G–MSO).
[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 82–063b, 48 FR 4782, Feb. 3,
1983]

§ 154.1862 Posting of speed reduction.
If a speed reduction is specially approved by the Commandant under
§ 154.409, the master shall ensure that
the speed reduction is posted in the
wheelhouse.
§ 154.1864 Vessel speed within speed
reduction.
The master shall ensure that the
speed of the vessel is not greater than
the posted speed reduction.
§ 154.1866 Cargo
hose
connection:
Transferring cargo.
No person may transfer cargo
through a cargo hose connection unless
the connection has the remotely controlled quick closing shut off valve required under § 154.538.
§ 154.1868 Portable blowers in personnel access openings.
The master shall ensure that a portable blower in a personnel access opening does not reduce the area of the
opening so that it does not meet
§ 154.340.
§ 154.1870 Bow and stern loading.
(a) When the bow or stern loading
piping is not in use, the master shall
lock closed the shut-off valves under
§ 154.355(a)(4) or remove the spool piece
under § 154.355(a)(4).
(b) The person in charge of cargo
transfer shall ensure that after the bow
or stern loading piping is used it is
purged of cargo vapors with inert gas.
(c) The person in charge of cargo
transfer shall ensure that entrances,
forced or natural ventilation intakes,
exhausts, and other openings to any
deck house alongside the bow or stern
loading piping are closed when this piping is in use.
(d) The person in charge of cargo
transfer shall ensure that bow or stern
loading piping installed in the area of
the accommodation, service, or control
space is not used for transfer of the following:
(1) Acetaldehyde.
(2) Ammonia, anhydrous.
(3) Dimethylamine.
(4) Ethylamine.
(5) Ethyl Chloride.
(6) Methyl Chloride.
(7) Vinyl Chloride.

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§ 154.1872
(e) The master shall lock closed the
shut-off valves under § 154.356 when the
emergency jettisoning piping is not in
use.
(f) The person in charge of cargo
transfer shall ensure that after the
emergency jettisoning piping is used it
is purged of cargo vapors with inert
gas.
(g) The person in charge of cargo
transfer shall ensure that entrances,
forced or natural ventilation intakes,
exhausts, and other openings to accommodation, service, or control spaces
facing the emergency jettisoning piping area and alongside the emergency
jettisoning piping are closed when this
piping is in use.

§ 154.1872 Cargo
emergency
jettisoning.
(a) The master shall ensure that
emergency jettisoning piping under
§ 154.356, except bow and stern loading
and discharging piping, is only used
when an emergency exists.
(b) Emergency jettisoning piping
when being used may be outside of the
transverse
tank
location
under
§ 154.310.
(c) The master shall ensure that
cargo is not jettisoned in a U.S. port.
(d) When ethylene oxide is carried,
the master shall ensure that the emergency jettisoning piping with associated pumps and fittings is on-line and
ready for use for an emergency.

TABLE 4—SUMMARY OF MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS
Cargo name 1

Ship type

Independent
tank type C
required

Control of
cargo tank
vapor space

Vapor detection 2

Gauging 3

Electrical
hazard
class and
group 4

Acetaldehyde

IIG/IIPG ..

.....................

Inert .............

I & T ..........

C ..............

I–C ............

Ammonia, anhydrous.

IIG/IIPG ..

.....................

.....................

T ................

C ..............

I–D ............

Butadiene ......

IIG/IIPG ..

.....................

Inert .............

I .................

R ..............

I–B ............

Butane ...........
Butylene ........
Dimethylamine

IIG/IIPG ..
IIG/IIPG ..
IIG/IIPG ..

.....................
.....................
.....................

.....................
.....................
.....................

I .................
I .................
I & T ..........

R ..............
R ..............
C ..............

I–D ............
I–D ............
I–C ............

Ethane ...........
Ethylamine .....

IIG ...........
IIG/IIPG ..

.....................
.....................

.....................
.....................

I .................
I & T ..........

R ..............
C ..............

I–D ............
I–C ............

Ethyl Chloride
Ethylene ........
Ethylene oxide

IIG/IIPG ..
IIG ...........
IG ............

.....................
.....................
Yes ..............

.....................
.....................
Inert .............

I & T ..........
I .................
I & T ..........

R ..............
R ..............
C ..............

I–D ............
I–C ............
I–B ............

Methane
(LNG).
Methyl
acetylenepropadiene
mixture.
Methyl bromide.

IIG ...........

.....................

.....................

I .................

C ..............

I–D ............

IIG/IIPG ..

.....................

.....................

I .................

R ..............

I .................

IG ............

Yes ..............

.....................

I & T ..........

C ..............

I–D ............

Methyl chloride.
Nitrogen .........

IIG/IIPG ..

.....................

.....................

I & T ..........

C ..............

I–D ............

154.660 (b) (3),
154.1345 (c) (d),
154.1400 (c),
154.1405, 154.1410,
154.1702 (a), (d),
154.1705, 154.1720,
154.1870 (a), (b).
154.1702 (a), 154.1870.

IIIG ..........

.....................

.....................

O ...............

C ..............

...................

154.1755.

Special requirements

154.1410 (c), 154.1410,
154.1710, 154.1720,
154.1870.
154.1000, 154.1400 (c),
154.1405, 154.1410,
154.1702 (b), (c), (e),
154.1760, 154.1870.
154.1702 (b), (d), (f),
154.1710, 154.1750,
154.1818.
None.
None.
154.1400 (c), 154.1405,
154.1410, 154.1702
(b), (c), (e), 154.1870.
None.
154.1400 (c), 154.1405,
154.1410, 154.1702
(b), (c), (e), 154.1870.
154.1870.
None.
154.660 (b) (3),
154.1400 (c),
154.1405, 154.1410,
154.1702 (b), (d), (f),
154.1705, 154.1710,
154.1720, 154.1725,
154.1730, 154.1870
(a), (b).
154.703 through
154.709, 154.1854.
154.1735.

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Pt. 154, App. A

46 CFR Ch. I (10–1–01 Edition)
TABLE 4—SUMMARY OF MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS—Continued
Electrical
hazard
class and
group 4

Cargo name 1

Ship type

Independent
tank type C
required

Control of
cargo tank
vapor space

Vapor detection 2

Propane .........
Propylene ......
Refrigerant .....
Sulfur dioxide

IIG/IIPG ..
IIG/IIPG ..
IIIG ..........
IG ............

.....................
.....................
.....................
Yes ..............

.....................
.....................
.....................
Dry ...............

I .................
I .................
...................
T ................

R
R
R
C

..............
..............
..............
..............

I–D ............
I–D ............
...................
...................

Vinyl chloride

IIG/IIPG ..

.....................

.....................

I & T ..........

C ..............

I–D ............

Gauging 3

Special requirements

None.
None.
None.
154.660 (b) (3),
154.1345 (c), (d),
154.1400 (c),
154.1405, 154.1410,
154.1705, 154.1715,
154.1720, 154.1870
(a), (b).
154.1405, 154.1410,
154.1702 (a) (b) (d)
(f), 154.1710,
154.1740, 154.1745,
154.1750, 154.1818,
154.1830 (f),
154.1870.

1 Refrigerant gases include non-toxic, non-flammable gases such as: dichlorodifluoromethane, dichloromonofluoromethane,
dichlorotetrafluoroethane, monochlorodifluoromethane, monochlorotetrafluoroethane, and monochlorotrifluoromethane.
2 As used in this column: ‘‘I’’ stands for flammable vapor detection; ‘‘T’’ stands for toxic vapor detection; ‘‘O’’ stands for oxygen
detection; and see §§ 154.1345 thru 154.1360.
3 As used in this column: ‘‘C’’ stands for closed gauging; ‘‘R’’ stands for restricted gauging; and see § 154.1300.
4 The designations used in this column are from the National Electrical Code.

[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979; 44 FR 59234, Oct. 15, 1979]

specially approved by the Commandant (G–
MSO) as equivalent to the following:

APPENDIX A TO PART 154—EQUIVALENT
STRESS
I. Equivalent stress (σ c) is calculated by
the following formula or another formula

σ c = σ 2x + σ 2y − σ xσ y + 3τ 2xy
where:
σx=total normal stress in ‘‘x’’ direction.
σy=total normal stress in ‘‘y’’ direction.
τxy=total shear stress in ‘‘xy’’ plane.

and its hull strain component from hull deflection and torsion.

II. When the static and dynamic stresses
are calculated separately, the total stresses
in paragraph I are calculated from the following formulae or another formulae specially approved by the Commandant (G–
MSO) as equivalent to the following:

σ x = σ x (static) ±

∑ (σ x (dynamic))

σ y = σ y (static) ±

∑ (σ y (dynamic))2

τ xy = τ xy (static) ±

∑ (τ xy (dynamic))

2

2

III. Each dynamic and static stress is determined from its acceleration component

[CGD 74–289, 44 FR 26009, May 3, 1979, as
amended by CGD 82–063b, 48 FR 4782, Feb. 3,
1983]

APPENDIX B TO PART 154—STRESS
ANALYSES DEFINITIONS
The following are the standard definitions
of stresses for the analysis of an independent
tank type B:
Normal stress means the component of
stress normal to the plane of reference.
Membrane stress means the component of
normal stress that is uniformly distributed
and equal to the average value of the stress
across the thickness of the section under
consideration.
Bending stress means the variable stress
across the thickness of the section under
consideration, after the subtraction of the
membrane stress.

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Pt. 154, App. B

Shear stress means the component of the
stress acting in the plane of reference.
Primary stress means the stress produced by
the imposed loading that is necessary to balance the external forces and moments. (The
basic characteristic of a primary stress is
that it is not self-limiting. Primary stresses
that considerably exceed the yield strength
result in failure or at least in gross deformations.)
Primary general membrane stress means the
primary membrane stress that is so distributed in the structure that no redistribution
of load occurs as a result of yielding.
Primary local membrane stress means the resulting stress from both a membrane stress,
caused by pressure or other mechanical loading, and a primary or a discontinuity effect
that produces excessive distortion in the
transfer of loads to other portions of the
structure. (The resulting stress is a primary
local membrane stress although it has some
characteristics of a secondary stress.) A
stress region is local if:

S2 ≤ 2.5 Rt
where:
S1=distance in the meridional direction
over which the equivalent stress exceeds 1.1
f.
S2=distance in the meridional direction to
another region where the limits for primary
general membrane stress are exceeded.
R=mean radius of the vessel.
t=wall thickness of the vessel at the location where the primary general membrane
stress limit is exceeded.
f=allowable primary general membrane
stress.
Secondary stress means a normal stress or
shear stress caused by constraints of adjacent parts or by self-constraint of a structure. The basic characteristic of a secondary
stress is that it is self-limiting. Local yielding and minor distortions can satisfy the
conditions that cause the stress to occur.

S1 ≤ 0.5 Rt ; and

PART 155 [RESERVED]

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