Summary data quality report

2016

Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System

Asthma Call-back Survey

Summary Data Quality Report

National

Asthma

Control

Program

Version 1.0.0

05/10\/2019

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The Asthma Call-back Survey (ACBS) is funded by the National Asthma Control Program (NACP) in the Asthma and Community Health Branch of the National Center for Environmental Health (NCEH). The state health departments jointly administer the ACBS with the National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (NCCDPHP), Division of Population Health (DPH).

The NCEH and NCCDPHP greatly appreciate the efforts of the BRFSS staff in each ACBS-participating state.

Josephine Malilay, PhD

Branch Chief

Asthma and Community Health Branch

Division of Environmental Health Science and Practice

National Center for Environmental Health

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

4770 Buford Hwy, NE

Mailstop F-60

Atlanta, GA 30341

Phone: (770) 488-3465

E-mail: jym7@cdc.gov 

 

Machell G. Town, D

Branch Chief

Population Health Surveillance Branch

Division of Population Health

National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

1600 Clifton Road NE

Mail Stop E97

Atlanta, GA 30333 USA

Phone: (770) 488-4681

E-mail: mpt2@cdc.gov

2016 Asthma Call-back Survey (ACBS) Summary Data Quality Report

Introduction

Procedures for interview disposition and response rates for the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) Asthma Call-back Survey (ACBS) follow the usual BRFSS procedures; however, some additions and adaptations are required for the call-back survey. Disposition codes, disposition code categories, and response rates are discussed in the sections below. Figure one (1) is a flow chart that describes the eligibility paths BRFSS respondents with asthma follow through the ACBS process.

Because asthma characteristics vary by season, a seasonal analysis must take into account any state for which interviewing was not conducted throughout the year. States may have interrupted interviewing due to contract interruptions with their data collection company. In addition, some ACBS interviews are finalized in the first few months of the next calendar year. If a state has less than 6 complete months of child or adult data, the data from that state are not considered sufficiently comparable with the data from other states and are excluded from the public release file and the response rate calculations. If a state has fewer than seventy-five (75) complete child interviews, reliable weights cannot be calculated and the child data from that state are excluded from the public release file.

Appendix A includes tables showing disposition code categories, response rates and completed interviews by month for each state participating in the ACBS each year. Appendix B includes additional instructions on assigning the ACBS-specific disposition codes. Appendix C includes the ACBS nonresponse bias analysis plan and supporting tables showing demographic breakout and prevalence for each state. Details on BRFSS response rates and procedures can be found in the BRFSS Data Quality Report Handbook and the BRFSS Summary Data Quality Report for each survey year (http://www.cdc.gov/brfss/annual_data/annual_data.htm).

Disposition Codes

The BRFSS disposition codes are used for the ACBS; however, a few additional codes are needed to account for situations specific to a call-back survey. In the list below, disposition codes added to the ACBS are underlined and bolded. There are no equivalent BRFSS codes for ACBS-specific codes. Detailed descriptions of the ACBS codes can be found in Appendix B.

The ACBS 4-digit disposition codes for 2016 are:

I. Eligible, contacted: complete interview

1100 Complete.

1200 Partial complete (through the end of section 8).

II. Eligible, contacted: refusal or termination

4413 Refused to participate in the call-back during the BRFSS interview.

2112 Refused to begin the ACBS interview after contacted.

2120 Terminated within the questionnaire during the ACBS interview before section 9.

2211 Refused to allow combining ACBS responses with BRFSS responses.

2212 Refused to answer the “ever had asthma” question during the ACBS interview.

III. Eligible, lost to follow-up because unable to contact or communicate with the BRFSS respondent with asthma

2111 Hang up or termination before respondent contacted. Household contacted but ACBS respondent not contacted.

2210 Selected respondent never reached or reached but did not begin interview during interviewing period. Selected respondent away from residence during the entire interviewing period.

2220 Telephone answering device, message confirming private residential status. Telecommunication technological barrier, message confirming private residential status.

2320 Selected respondent physically or mentally unable to complete an interview during the entire interviewing period.

2330 Language problem after respondent selection.

3100 Contact, hang-up or termination, unknown if private residence.

3130 No answer.

3140 Telephone answering device, unknown if private residence.

3200 Hang-up or termination, known household. Household contact, eligibility undetermined.

3322 Physical or mental impairment.

3330 Language problem.

4100 Household members away from residence during entire interviewing period.

4900 Miscellaneous, non-eligible (for ACBS miscellaneous non-contact).

4306 Selected ACBS respondent no longer living in the BRFSS household.

Temporary codes: should be resolved prior to submission

5050 Hang-up, unknown if housing unit.

5100 Appointment.

5111 Household-level refusal.

5112 Refusal: hang-up or termination.

5120 Break off/termination in questionnaire before Section 9.

5130 No answer.

5140 Answering machine, unknown if private residence.

5220 Answering machine, message confirming residential status.

5320 Physical or mental impairment.

5330 Language problem.

5550 Busy.

5560 Unsafe location for interview.

IV. Eligible, lost to follow-up for technical reasons

3150 Telecommunication technological barrier, unknown if private residence.

3700 On never-call list.

4200 Dedicated fax/data/modem line with no human contact.

4300 Telephone number no longer in service or changed. Non-working/disconnected number.

4400 Busy/Fast busy/Circuit busy.

4430 Call forwarding/Pager.

4450 Landline sample number connects to cell phone.

4460 Cell phone sample number connects to landline.

4470 Cell phone respondent also has landline, less than 90% of all calls on cell phone.

4500 Not a private residence – business.

4510 Not a private residence – group home.

5150 Technological barrier other than answering machine–unknown if private residence.

5200 Fax/Data/Modem.

5300 Phone number temporarily out of service. Possible non-working number.

5400 Technological barrier other than answering machine with message confirming residential status. Fast busy. Circuit busy.

5599 Mistaken Ctrl-End.

5700 Supervisor attention needed.

5900 Null attempt.

9999 Missing disposition code.

V. Ineligible: all codes specific to ACBS (no BRFSS equivalent)

2290 Most-knowledgeable person is not parent or guardian.

2291 No parent or legal guardian in the household (child ineligible).

4480 Not recruited for call-back at BRFSS interview (excluded by state).

4490 Random child/adult selection: adult ineligible, dchild selected.

4491 Random child/adult selection: child ineligible, adult selected.

4405 Out-of-state when ACBS records are not transferred to state of residence.

4700 Household, no eligible respondent (respondent does not have asthma).

4411 Selected respondent not eligible for follow-up.

4412 Transferred from BRFSS but not attempted (excluded by state).

4471 Misdiagnosed asthma in respondent.

Definitions and Labels for Disposition Code Categories

Because the ACBS is a call-back interview, all those identified with asthma at the BRFSS interview asthma are, with a few notable exceptions, eligible for the call-back survey. The ACBS eligibility flow chart (Figure 1) summarizes how BRFSS respondents are categorized for ACBS response rate calculation.

ACBS interviews are considered complete (COIN) if the respondents finish the entire interview or if they complete through section 8 of the ACBS interview. ACBS interviews are refusals if the respondent refuses participation at either the BRFSS interview or at the time of the ACBS interview. Terminations are ACBS interviews that start but are terminated during the interview before completing section 8.

The disposition codes that relate to contact problems or technology issues are considered “eligible, but lost to follow-up.” If they had been contacted, a small proportion of those eligible but lost to follow-up might actually be ineligible. All temporary disposition codes (numbered 5000 or higher) that should have been resolved but were not are treated as comparable 4000-level codes.

BRFSS respondents with asthma who are considered ineligible for the ACBS include those who are not asked to participate at the time of the BRFSS interview. Each year, between 10% and 15% of those technically eligible are not asked to participate in the call-back survey. Respondents might not be asked for several reasons:

• States with split samples may include respondents in the call-back only if they are in specified splits of the BRFSS sample. Counts for states that exclude split-sample respondents are excluded from the following tables and rate calculations.

• The BRFSS respondent may partially complete the BRFSS interview but terminate before the call-back request.

• Specific state BRFSS call-back contracts may limit the number of call-back interviews due to budgetary constraints.

• States may stop conducting call-back interviews during contract negotiations.

BRFSS respondents with asthma who are asked to participate in the ACBS but are later classified as ineligible include:

• Respondents in households where both the selected adult and selected child in the household have asthma. When both have asthma, only one is eligible for the ACBS.

• Respondents who move out-of-state between the BRFSS interview and the ACBS interview in states that are not transferring ACBS interview data or to/from states not participating in the ACBS.

• Respondents who indicate, at the time of the ACBS interview, that the reported diagnosis of asthma was an error.

• Child respondents for whom the adult BRFSS respondent is not the child’s parent or guardian.

• Some respondents in states that have reached a pre-specified quota for ACBS interviews.

The following table indicates how disposition codes are grouped into response rate categories shown in the eligibility flow chart (Figure 1):

Category	Disposition Codes	Notes
Eligible COIN Completed interview	1100, 1200	Through section 8
Eligible TERE Terminations and refusals	4413	At BRFSS interview
	2112, 2120, 2211, 2212,	At ACBS
Eligible, lost to follow-up Not interviewed	2111, 2210, 2220, 2320, 2330, 3100, 3130, 3140, 3200, 3322, 3330, 4100, 4900, 4306, 5050, 5100, 5111, 5112, 5120, 5130, 5140, 5220, 5320, 5330, 5550, 5560	Unable to contact or communicate with eligible respondent
	3150, 3700, 4200, 4300, 4400, 4430, 4450, 4460, 4470, 4500, 4510, 5400, 5150, 5200, 5300, 5599, 5700, 5900, 9999	Technical problems
Ineligible	2290, 2291, 4480, 4490, 4491	At BRFSS interview
	4405, 4700, 4411, 4471	At ACBS
	4412	No ACBS attempt

Figure 1: ACBS Eligibility Flow Chart:

BRFSS respondent with asthma

ASTHMA3 = 1 (Yes)

Ineligible for call-back:

• If adult, child selected for call-back: code 4490

• If child, adult selected for call-back: code 4491

• If child, no parent/guardian:

codes 2290, 2291

Respondent called for ACBS interview

Permission granted

Ineligible for call-back

• Moved out of state: code 4405

• Does not have asthma:

codes 4471, 4700

• Other: code 4411

Ineligible for call-back

• Never called: code 4412

Recruited for call-back

Asked permission question

Ineligible for call-back: code 4480

• Split sample

• Quota

• Skipped permission question

BRFSS TERE: refusal

• Permission denied: code 4413

ACBS COIN

• Complete: code 1100

• Partial complete: code 1200

Lost to follow-up

• Contact/communication codes

• Technical problem codes

ACBS TERE

• Termination: code 2120

• Refusal: codes 2112, 2211, 2212

ACBS Response Rates

The ACBS Interview Completion Rate is the proportion of completed interviews among eligible respondents who are actually contacted for and started the ACBS interview. Those who refuse at the initial BRFSS interview (4413), those ineligible, and those never contacted are excluded from the denominator. This rate is based on actual contacts with the eligible respondents at the time of the call-back interview. The numerator of the rate includes completed interviews (COIN). The denominator of the rate includes completed interviews (COIN), plus the number contacted later for the ACBS interview who refused or terminated the interview (disposition codes 2112, 2120, 2211, and 2212).

The ACBS Cooperation Rate is the proportion of completed interviews among all eligible respondents who are recruited and actually contacted for the ACBS interview. Eligible respondents who refuse the call-back at the time of the BRFSS interview are included. Non-contacts are excluded from the denominator, but contacts with communication problems specific to the respondent with asthma are included. The numerator of the rate consists of completed interviews (COIN). The denominator of the rate includes completed interviews (COIN), plus refusals and terminations (TERE), plus the number of non-interviews that involved language problems with the respondent with asthma (2330) or physical/mental impairment of the respondent with asthma (2320). A Cooperation Rate below sixty-five percent (65%) may indicate some problem with interviewing techniques.

The Refusal Rate is the percentage of all eligible respondents who refuse to be interviewed or terminate an interview early in the questionnaire. The numerator includes terminations and refusals (TERE). The denominator is the same as for the CASRO rate (below). The denominator includes completed interviews (COIN), terminations and refusals (TERE), and a proportion of those eligible, but lost to follow-up. The proportion represents an estimate of the number of those lost to follow-up who would be expected to remain eligible if they had been contacted. The proportion of cases lost to follow-up that are estimated to be eligible is the same as the proportion of cases not lost to follow-up that are eligible. A Refusal Rate above thirty-five percent (35%) indicates some problem with interviewing techniques.

The Council of American Survey Research Organizations (CASRO) rate is a measure of respondent cooperation and is generally defined as the proportion of all eligible respondents in the sample for whom an interview has been completed. The numerator of the CASRO rate includes completed interviews (COIN). The denominator includes completed interviews (COIN), terminations and refusals (TERE), and a proportion of those eligible, but lost to follow-up. The proportion represents an estimate of the number of those lost to follow-up who would be expected to remain eligible if they had been contacted. The proportion of cases lost to follow-up that are estimated to be eligible is the same as the proportion of cases not lost to follow-up that are eligible. A CASRO rate below forty percent (40%) should be cause for a review of data collection practices that could affect it, especially sample management and interviewer recruitment, retention, training, supervision, and monitoring.

Response rate formulae for the ACBS are specified below. Response rate tables for the ACBS, including response rates for each state/area participating in the ACBS, can be found in Appendix A. Details on ACBS-specific disposition codes can be found in Appendix B.

Response Rate Formulae for the ACBS

ACBS Interview Completion Rate:

1100 + 1200

1100 + 1200 + 2120 + 2211 + 2212 + 2112

ACBS Cooperation Rate:

1100 + 1200

1100 + 1200 + 2120 + 2211 + 2212 + 2112 + 4413 + 2320 + 2330

ACBS CASRO Rate:

1100 + 1200

[ 1100 + 1200 + 2120 + 2211 + 2212 + 2112 + 4413 ] + P * [ Eligible lost ]

ACBS Refusal Rate:

2120 + 2211 + 2212 + 2112 + 4413

[ 1100 + 1200 + 2120 + 2211 + 2212 + 2112 + 4413] + P * [ Eligible lost ]

Where:

P (Proportion) = (COIN + ACBS TERE) / (COIN + ACBS TERE + Ineligible)

[(1100+1200) + (2120 + 2211 + 2212 + 2112 )]

[(1100+1200)+(2120+2211+2212+2112)+4405+4700+4411+4471+2291+2290+4480+4490+4491+4412)]

Eligible lost = 2111, 2210, 2220, 2320, 2330, 3100, 3130, 3140, 3200, 3322, 3330, 4100, 4900, 4306, 5050, 5100, 5111, 5112, 5120, 5130, 5140, 5220, 5320, 5330, 5550, 5560, 3150, 3700, 4200, 4300, 4400, 4430, 4450, 4460, 4470, 4500, 4510, 5400, 5150, 5200, 5300, 5599, 5700, 5900, 5999

ACBS Nonresponse Bias

The Asthma Call-back Survey (ACBS) uses post-stratification weighting to ensure the sample conforms to the state estimated asthma population with respect to geography, age, sex, race, ethnicity and other characteristics. Nonresponse bias, however, cannot be completely removed. In order to communicate the potential impact of nonresponse bias on the ACBS analysis results, in Appendix C two groups of tables are being provided (see Appendix C). The first group of tables presents ACBS unweighted frequencies for respondents, non-respondents, and BRFSS-eligible asthma respondents by age, sex, and race/ethnicity demographic categories for each state. The second group of tables report current asthma prevalence (Appendix C). ACBS respondents are those respondents who completed or partially completed the interview. Nonresponse for the ACBS is influenced by eligible BRFSS respondents for which no interview was conducted such as: (1) refusals, terminations, and non-consent; (2) lost to follow-up due to non-contact or communication; and (3) lost to follow-up due to technological circumstances. BRFSS-eligible respondents are individuals on the BRFSS survey who answered, “Yes” to the question, “Has a doctor, nurse, or other health professional EVER told you that you had asthma?”  A respondent is classified as current prevalence if he or she also responded “Yes” to the question: “Do you still have asthma?”

Appendix A:

List of Tables in the 2016 BRFSS ACBS Summary Data Quality Report

Landline and Cell Phone Samples

Table 1.1 ACBS 2016 Disposition Categories by State/Territory: Adult Landline and Cell Phone Sample

Table 1.2 ACBS 2016 Disposition Categories by State/Territory: Child Landline and Cell Phone Sample

Table 2.1 ACBS 2016 Response Rates by State/Territory: Adult Landline and Cell Phone Sample

Table 2.2 ACBS 2016 Response Rates by State/Territory: Child Landline and Cell Phone Sample

Table 3.1 ACBS 2016 Completed Interviews by State/Territory and Month: Adult Landline and Cell Phone Sample

Table 3.2 ACBS 2016 Completed Interviews by State/Territory and Month: Child Landline and Cell Phone Sample





Appendix B: Instructions for Assigning Additional ACBS Disposition Codes

Following are descriptions of the ACBS disposition codes adapted from standard BRFSS disposition codes and the ACBS disposition codes added to the standard set of BRFSS disposition codes. For detailed definitions for the standard BRFSS disposition codes, see the Data Quality Handbook for each survey year (http://www.cdc.gov/brfss/annual_data/annual_data.htm).

I. Eligible, contacted: complete interview

1100 Complete

Definition: Respondent completes the ACBS interview through the last question.

1200 Partial complete

Definition: Respondent completes the ACBS interview at least through the end of Section 8 (medications).

II. Eligible, contacted: refusal

4413 Refused to participate in the call-back during the BRFSS interview

Definition: During the BRFSS interview, respondents who indicate they have ever been told by a doctor that they have asthma are asked if they will participate in an additional survey at a later date. Some state Institutional Review Boards (IRBs) require that the content of the additional survey (asthma) be disclosed; other state IRBs require that the specific content not be disclosed. Some states have multiple call-back surveys in the field and do not specify the content of any of the call-back interviews. If a respondent refuses to participate in the call-back survey, that record is assigned disposition code 4413.

2112 Refused to begin the ACBS interview after contacted

Definition: If the selected respondent is contacted for the ACBS interview but refuses to begin the interview, then the record is assigned code 2112.

2120 Terminated within the questionnaire during the ACBS interview

Definition: If the respondent is contacted for the ACBS and terminates after the interview begins (section 3) but before completing section 8, then record is considered incomplete and is assigned disposition code 2120.

2211 Refused to allow combining ACBS responses with BRFSS responses

Definition: Some states require that the respondent provide active approval to combine their responses from the initial BRFSS interview with their responses from the ACBS interview. This approval may be requested at either the initial BRFSS interview or at the beginning of the ACBS interview. If the respondent does not approve combining data from the two interviews, the record is assigned disposition code 2211.

2212 Refused to answer the “ever had asthma” question during the ACBS interview

Definition: The selected respondent is contacted for the ACBS interview but refuses to answer the initial asthma question. If the respondent answers "don't know" or "refused" to the ACBS question EVER-ASTH (2.1) “Have you ever been told by a doctor or other health professional that (you have/sample child has) asthma?”, then the record is assigned code 2212.

III. Eligible, lost to follow-up because unable to contact or communicate with the BRFSS respondent

4306 Selected ACBS respondent no longer living in the BRFSS household

Definition: The BRFSS respondent with asthma left the BRFSS household between the BRFSS interview and the ACBS interview. If the selected respondent (from the BRFSS) no longer lives in the BRFSS household but did live in the household during the BRFSS interview, then attempts should be made to obtain new contact information for the selected respondent, and the follow-up should be conducted using the new telephone number. If this is not possible or the household refuses to provide new contact information, then the record is assigned disposition code 4306.

Refer to the Data Quality Handbook for each survey year for the definitions of all other codes in this category (http://www.cdc.gov/brfss/annual_data/annual_data.htm).

IV. Eligible, lost to follow-up for technical reasons

Refer to the Data Quality Handbook for each survey year for the definitions of all codes in this category (http://www.cdc.gov/brfss/annual_data/annual_data.htm).

V. Ineligible

2290 The person the most knowledgeable about the selected child with asthma is not the parent or legal guardian (child ineligible)

Definition: This code applies only to the child ACBS interview. The child selected during the BRFSS interview is eligible for the ACBS (the BRFSS respondent indicated that the selected child has an asthma diagnosis). The ACBS child protocol allows a parent or guardian to transfer the interview to a more knowledgeable proxy respondent. If the BRFSS respondent is not the parent or guardian of the selected child with asthma, but the parent or guardian is present to transfer to the person most knowledgeable about the child’s heath, but the most knowledgeable person is not available, then the child is ineligible for the ACBS. The child record is assigned disposition code 2290

2291 No parent or legal guardian in the household (child ineligible)

Definition: This code applies only to the child ACBS interview. The child selected during the BRFSS interview is eligible for the ACBS (the BRFSS respondent indicated that the selected child has an asthma diagnosis); however, ACBS child protocol requires that the BRFSS respondent must be the parent or guardian of the child to provide proxy responses for the child or to approve transfer to a more-knowledgeable proxy respondent. If there is no parent or guardian of the selected child with asthma in the household, the child is ineligible for the ACBS. The child record is assigned disposition code 2291.

4405 Out-of-state

Definition: The BRFSS question that determines eligibility for the ACBS is “Have you ever been told by a doctor, nurse, or other health professional that (you have/the sample child has) asthma?” Respondents who answer “yes” are eligible for the ACBS. If the respondent is a state resident at the time of the BRFSS interview, but moves to an out-of-state residence between the BRFSS interview and the ACBS interview, the respondent is not eligible for the ACBS if either the new state or the old state is not participating in record transfers, and the record is assigned disposition code 4405.

4700 Household, no eligible respondent (respondent does not have asthma)

Definition: The BRFSS question that determines eligibility for the ACBS is “Have you ever been told by a doctor, nurse, or other health professional that (you have/the sample child has) asthma?” Respondents who answer “yes” are eligible for the ACBS. If the respondent informs the ACBS interviewer that the recorded response from the BRFSS interview was in error and terminates the call, then the respondent is not eligible for the ACBS, and the record is assigned disposition code 4700.

4411 Selected respondent not eligible for follow-up

Definition: If the respondent disagrees with the recorded response to the asthma question from the BRFSS interview and answers “no” to the ACBS question EVER-ASTH (2.1) “Have you ever been told by a doctor or other health professional that (you have/the sample child has) asthma?”, then the respondent is not eligible for the ACBS, and the record is assigned disposition code 4411.

4412 Transferred from BRFSS but not attempted (excluded by state)

Definition: The BRFSS question that determines eligibility for the ACBS is “Have you ever been told by a doctor, nurse, or other health professional that (you have/the sample child has) asthma?” Respondents who answer “yes” are eligible for the ACBS. Eligible respondents are then asked for permission to call back. Those that agree should be called for the ACBS interview, but if a respondent eligible to be called is transferred from BRFSS to the ACBS but never called, then the record is assigned disposition code 4412.

4471 Misdiagnosed asthma in respondent (2008 and later)

Definition: The BRFSS question that determines eligibility for the ACBS is “Have you ever been told by a doctor, nurse, or other health professional that (you have/the sample child has) asthma?” Respondents who answer “yes” are eligible for the ACBS. The initial diagnosis, however, could have been in error and changed. This misdiagnosis is not captured by the BRFSS or ACBS. If the respondent informs the interviewer of the misdiagnosis, the respondent is not eligible for the ACBS, and the record is assigned disposition code 4470.

4480 Not recruited for call-back at BRFSS interview (excluded by state)

Definition: The BRFSS question that determines eligibility for the ACBS is “Have you ever been told by a doctor, nurse, or other health professional that (you have/the sample child has) asthma?” Respondents who answer “yes” are eligible for the ACBS. Eligible respondents are then asked for permission to call back. Those who agree should be called for the ACBS interview. However, if a respondent eligible to be called is not transferred from BRFSS to the ACBS and is never called, then the record is assigned disposition code 4480.

4490 Random child/adult selection: adult ineligible, child selected

Definition: If both the BRFSS respondent and the randomly selected child in the household have asthma and the BRFSS respondent agrees to the call-back interview, one or the other is randomly selected to be eligible for the call-back. If the child is selected, the adult is ineligible, and the adult record is assigned disposition code 4490.

4491 Random child/adult selection: child ineligible, adult selected

Definition: If both the BRFSS respondent and the randomly selected child in the household have asthma and the BRFSS respondent agrees to the call-back interview, one or the other is randomly selected to be eligible for the call-back. If the adult is selected, the child is ineligible, and the child record is assigned disposition code 4491.

Appendix C:

Asthma Call-back Survey (ACBS)

Non-response Bias Analysis

Two data tables follow for adult and child participants. The first table reports ACBS unweighted frequencies for respondents, non-respondents, and BRFSS-eligible asthma respondents by age, sex, and race/ethnicity demographic categories for each state. The second table reports estimated current asthma percentage among individuals who have ever been diagnosed with asthma.

Table 1A. Percentage of ACBS adult respondents, non-respondents, and BRFSS-eligible asthma respondents by demographic groups and state/territory

Table 1B. Percentage of ACBS child respondents, non-respondents, and BRFSS-eligible asthma respondents by demographic groups and state/territory

Table 2A. Estimated percentage of current asthma status among adults ever-diagnosed with asthma by state/territory

Table 2B. Estimated percentage of current asthma status among children ever-diagnosed with asthma by state/territory

Table 1A. Percentage of ACBS adult* respondents, non-respondents, and BRFSS-eligible asthma respondents by demographic groups and state/territory
A dult		BRFSS				ACBS		ACBS
State	Demographics	Eligible Asthma				Non-Respondents		Respondents
		Respondents
		Sample	Percent	Weighted	Percent	Sample	Percent	Sample	Percent	Weighted	Percent
		size	(unweighted)	total	(weighted)	size	(unweighted)	size	(unweighted)	total	(weighted)
		(unweighted)				(unweighted)		(unweighted)
States/areas total	Male	13,897	35	9,658,815	40.4	8,690	35.4	5,207	34.3	9,678,232	40.4
	Female	25,854	65	14,269,963	59.6	15,871	64.6	9,983	65.7	14,291,850	59.6
	Age 18 to 24	2,809	7.1	3,741,539	15.8	1,967	8.1	842	5.6	3,593,662	15.1
	Age 25 to 34	4,248	10.8	4,104,540	17.3	2,934	12.1	1,314	8.7	4,265,236	17.9
	Age 35 to 44	4,599	11.7	3,682,373	15.5	3,049	12.6	1,550	10.2	3,723,579	15.6
	Age 45 to 54	6,368	16.2	3,979,230	16.8	4,031	16.7	2,337	15.5	4,029,106	16.9
	Age 55 to 64	8,785	22.3	3,888,320	16.4	5,069	20.9	3,716	24.6	3,921,891	16.4
	Age 65 or older	12,517	31.8	4,311,892	18.2	7,150	29.5	5,367	35.5	4,339,154	18.2
	White - Non-Hispanic	29,311	75	14,483,880	61.7	17,590	73.1	11,721	78.1	15,342,942	65.2
	Black - Non-Hispanic	2,532	6.5	2,835,739	12.1	1,658	6.9	874	5.8	2,281,604	9.7
	Other race only, Non-Hispanic	1,825	4.7	1,303,087	5.6	1,255	5.2	570	3.8	1,343,783	5.7
	Multiracial, Non-Hispanic	1,380	3.5	636,042	2.7	872	3.6	508	3.4	783,144	3.3
	Hispanic	4,025	10.3	4,215,606	18	2,699	11.2	1,326	8.8	3,768,952	16
Arizona	Male	547	35.3	309,163	44.2	389	37	158	31.8	309,163	44.2
	Female	1,002	64.7	390,576	55.8	663	63	339	68.2	391,055	55.8
	Age 18 to 24	48	3.1	72,809	10.5	38	3.7	10	2	66,794	9.6
	Age 25 to 34	87	5.7	108,693	15.7	66	6.4	21	4.3	114,708	16.5
	Age 35 to 44	131	8.6	118,465	17.1	107	10.4	24	4.9	119,161	17.1
	Age 45 to 54	228	14.9	129,320	18.7	166	16.1	62	12.6	133,195	19.1
	Age 55 to 64	377	24.7	123,370	17.8	243	23.5	134	27.1	122,298	17.5
	Age 65 or older	656	43	138,962	20.1	413	40	243	49.2	140,808	20.2
	White - Non-Hispanic	1,166	76.9	447,787	65	757	73.9	409	83.1	567,613	81.6
	Black - Non-Hispanic	37	2.4	25,918	3.8	28	2.7	9	1.8	15,786	2.3
	Other race only, Non-Hispanic	115	7.6	51,368	7.5	81	7.9	34	6.9	41,532	6
	Multiracial, Non-Hispanic	29	1.9	6,929	1	20	2	9	1.8	2,758	0.4
	Hispanic	169	11.1	156,656	22.7	138	13.5	31	6.3	67,908	9.8
California	Male	546	38	1,442,524	40.3	389	38.6	157	36.7	1,446,728	40.3
	Female	890	62	2,139,331	59.7	619	61.4	271	63.3	2,139,331	59.7
	Age 18 to 24	134	9.4	498,288	14	119	11.9	15	3.5	370,848	10.4
	Age 25 to 34	213	15	640,662	18	163	16.3	50	11.7	771,685	21.6
	Age 35 to 44	193	13.6	508,751	14.3	141	14.1	52	12.2	522,095	14.6
	Age 45 to 54	235	16.5	629,987	17.7	160	16	75	17.6	626,779	17.5
	Age 55 to 64	285	20	597,768	16.8	183	18.3	102	23.9	597,113	16.7
	Age 65 or older	364	25.6	683,599	19.2	232	23.2	132	31	686,462	19.2
	White - Non-Hispanic	753	53.9	1,615,178	46.4	482	49.3	271	64.5	1,831,357	53.4
	Black - Non-Hispanic	98	7	298,697	8.6	81	8.3	17	4	203,068	5.9
	Other race only, Non-Hispanic	122	8.7	426,199	12.2	95	9.7	27	6.4	396,493	11.6
	Multiracial, Non-Hispanic	56	4	105,971	3	45	4.6	11	2.6	75,445	2.2
	Hispanic	368	26.3	1,035,314	29.7	274	28	94	22.4	925,160	27
Connecticut	Male	529	34.2	178,040	41.2	365	33.6	164	35.7	178,784	41.3
	Female	1,016	65.8	254,396	58.8	720	66.4	296	64.3	254,606	58.7
	Age 18 to 24	98	6.5	79,938	18.7	79	7.4	19	4.2	82,886	19.3
	Age 25 to 34	130	8.6	71,099	16.6	101	9.5	29	6.4	68,543	15.9
	Age 35 to 44	164	10.8	62,934	14.7	126	11.9	38	8.3	63,450	14.7
	Age 45 to 54	280	18.5	70,481	16.5	203	19.1	77	16.9	70,072	16.3
	Age 55 to 64	371	24.5	74,131	17.3	246	23.2	125	27.4	76,195	17.7
	Age 65 or older	474	31.2	68,738	16.1	306	28.8	168	36.8	69,358	16.1
	White - Non-Hispanic	1,123	74.8	280,232	66.2	764	72.8	359	79.4	282,378	65.9
	Black - Non-Hispanic	114	7.6	47,832	11.3	83	7.9	31	6.9	49,376	11.5
	Other race only, Non-Hispanic	42	2.8	15,059	3.6	30	2.9	12	2.7	17,585	4.1
	Multiracial, Non-Hispanic	29	1.9	5,588	1.3	23	2.2	6	1.3	2,398	0.6
	Hispanic	194	12.9	74,506	17.6	150	14.3	44	9.7	77,054	18
Florida	Male	1,314	32.2	680,167	42.9	904	33.4	410	29.8	680,167	42.9
	Female	2,768	67.8	906,404	57.1	1,801	66.6	967	70.2	906,852	57.1
	Age 18 to 24	251	6.2	212,638	13.7	185	7	66	4.8	212,638	13.4
	Age 25 to 34	396	9.9	268,410	17.3	293	11.1	103	7.5	268,949	16.9
	Age 35 to 44	396	9.9	236,012	15.2	287	10.9	109	7.9	246,637	15.5
	Age 45 to 54	613	15.3	238,137	15.3	398	15.1	215	15.6	250,321	15.8
	Age 55 to 64	900	22.4	282,697	18.2	586	22.2	314	22.8	286,795	18.1
	Age 65 or older	1,462	36.4	316,393	20.4	892	33.8	570	41.4	321,678	20.3
	White - Non-Hispanic	2,907	72.3	834,244	53.6	1,893	71.4	1,014	74.3	861,313	55
	Black - Non-Hispanic	454	11.3	246,414	15.8	321	12.1	133	9.7	228,093	14.6
	Other race only, Non-Hispanic	129	3.2	41,764	2.7	80	3	49	3.6	70,583	4.5
	Multiracial, Non-Hispanic	81	2	24,658	1.6	47	1.8	34	2.5	33,476	2.1
	Hispanic	447	11.1	409,509	26.3	312	11.8	135	9.9	372,760	23.8
Georgia	Male	183	30.7	317,483	37.2	103	28.4	80	34.3	317,483	37.2
	Female	413	69.3	536,800	62.8	260	71.6	153	65.7	536,800	62.8
	Age 18 to 24	31	5.2	131,268	15.4	17	4.7	14	6	160,323	18.8
	Age 25 to 34	47	7.9	140,223	16.4	33	9.1	14	6	111,168	13
	Age 35 to 44	64	10.8	127,754	15	43	11.9	21	9	105,691	12.4
	Age 45 to 54	108	18.2	168,866	19.8	60	16.6	48	20.6	190,929	22.3
	Age 55 to 64	127	21.3	150,189	17.6	81	22.4	46	19.7	150,528	17.6
	Age 65 or older	218	36.6	135,644	15.9	128	35.4	90	38.6	135,644	15.9
	White - Non-Hispanic	378	64.3	500,048	59.9	221	61.6	157	68.6	543,065	65.8
	Black - Non-Hispanic	163	27.7	278,914	33.4	112	31.2	51	22.3	232,841	28.2
	Other race only, Non-Hispanic	8	1.4	12,401	1.5	5	1.4	3	1.3	11,639	1.4
	Multiracial, Non-Hispanic	20	3.4	15,573	1.9	10	2.8	10	4.4	24,782	3
	Hispanic	19	3.2	27,900	3.3	11	3.1	8	3.5	13,065	1.6
Hawaii	Male	513	38.7	78,637	41	357	38	156	40.3	78,814	41
	Female	813	61.3	112,973	59	582	62	231	59.7	113,195	59
	Age 18 to 24	129	9.8	34,538	18.1	109	11.7	20	5.2	34,285	17.9
	Age 25 to 34	156	11.8	36,306	19	125	13.4	31	8	36,757	19.1
	Age 35 to 44	163	12.4	27,220	14.3	121	13	42	10.9	27,344	14.2
	Age 45 to 54	192	14.6	29,166	15.3	137	14.7	55	14.2	29,652	15.4
	Age 55 to 64	300	22.7	29,841	15.6	197	21.1	103	26.7	29,841	15.5
	Age 65 or older	379	28.7	33,787	17.7	244	26.2	135	35	34,092	17.8
	White - Non-Hispanic	335	25.6	33,532	17.8	201	21.7	134	35	45,144	24
	Black - Non-Hispanic	14	1.1	4,699	2.5	10	1.1	4	1	4,565	2.4
	Other race only, Non-Hispanic	387	29.5	66,174	35.2	295	31.8	92	24	58,678	31.1
	Multiracial, Non-Hispanic	440	33.6	57,083	30.4	314	33.8	126	32.9	60,804	32.3
	Hispanic	135	10.3	26,429	14.1	108	11.6	27	7	19,296	10.2
Illinois	Male	233	39.4	585,017	45.6	143	41.8	90	36	585,017	45.4
	Female	359	60.6	697,645	54.4	199	58.2	160	64	703,959	54.6
	Age 18 to 24	58	9.8	242,057	18.9	33	9.7	25	10	317,516	24.6
	Age 25 to 34	59	10	212,070	16.6	43	12.6	16	6.4	139,129	10.8
	Age 35 to 44	74	12.5	208,944	16.3	54	15.9	20	8	211,202	16.4
	Age 45 to 54	93	15.8	213,007	16.6	50	14.7	43	17.2	213,866	16.6
	Age 55 to 64	119	20.2	194,904	15.2	66	19.4	53	21.2	195,864	15.2
	Age 65 or older	187	31.7	208,564	16.3	94	27.6	93	37.2	211,399	16.4
	White - Non-Hispanic	395	66.9	803,191	62.8	229	67.4	166	66.4	764,552	59.3
	Black - Non-Hispanic	106	18	218,312	17.1	58	17.1	48	19.2	238,403	18.5
	Other race only, Non-Hispanic	20	3.4	53,205	4.2	11	3.2	9	3.6	48,468	3.8
	Multiracial, Non-Hispanic	19	3.2	46,729	3.7	13	3.8	6	2.4	32,681	2.5
	Hispanic	50	8.5	157,682	12.3	29	8.5	21	8.4	204,871	15.9
Indiana	Male	471	32.2	267,205	38.8	280	31.4	191	33.4	268,458	38.9
	Female	994	67.8	421,904	61.2	613	68.6	381	66.6	422,428	61.1
	Age 18 to 24	73	5	106,154	15.6	50	5.7	23	4	106,154	15.5
	Age 25 to 34	114	7.9	119,301	17.5	81	9.2	33	5.8	121,077	17.6
	Age 35 to 44	145	10	103,247	15.2	100	11.4	45	7.9	103,247	15
	Age 45 to 54	236	16.3	119,089	17.5	154	17.6	82	14.4	121,887	17.7
	Age 55 to 64	378	26.1	128,890	18.9	210	23.9	168	29.5	130,363	19
	Age 65 or older	501	34.6	103,846	15.3	282	32.2	219	38.4	103,983	15.1
	White - Non-Hispanic	1,207	83.8	538,245	79.4	720	82.1	487	86.5	555,597	81.5
	Black - Non-Hispanic	128	8.9	85,029	12.5	85	9.7	43	7.6	85,614	12.6
	Other race only, Non-Hispanic	36	2.5	15,055	2.2	22	2.5	14	2.5	10,133	1.5
	Multiracial, Non-Hispanic	38	2.6	14,565	2.1	25	2.9	13	2.3	13,087	1.9
	Hispanic	31	2.2	24,726	3.6	25	2.9	6	1.1	16,890	2.5
Iowa	Male	291	39.2	113,201	41.3	174	36.8	117	43.3	113,201	41.3
	Female	452	60.8	160,794	58.7	299	63.2	153	56.7	160,794	58.7
	Age 18 to 24	56	7.6	52,550	19.3	40	8.5	16	5.9	54,423	19.9
	Age 25 to 34	81	10.9	47,270	17.3	57	12.1	24	8.9	46,608	17
	Age 35 to 44	95	12.8	45,539	16.7	71	15.1	24	8.9	45,539	16.6
	Age 45 to 54	117	15.8	39,028	14.3	82	17.4	35	13	39,274	14.3
	Age 55 to 64	158	21.3	41,457	15.2	91	19.3	67	24.8	41,457	15.1
	Age 65 or older	234	31.6	46,695	17.1	130	27.6	104	38.5	46,695	17
	White - Non-Hispanic	667	91.4	233,440	86.3	414	89.4	253	94.8	238,550	88
	Black - Non-Hispanic	16	2.2	6,387	2.4	13	2.8	3	1.1	4,255	1.6
	Other race only, Non-Hispanic	13	1.8	9,912	3.7	10	2.2	3	1.1	13,917	5.1
	Multiracial, Non-Hispanic	12	1.6	9,048	3.3	8	1.7	4	1.5	13,570	5
	Hispanic	22	3	11,580	4.3	18	3.9	4	1.5	828	0.3
Kansas	Male	553	36.3	113,391	40.5	351	37.5	202	34.4	113,498	40.3
	Female	971	63.7	166,801	59.5	585	62.5	386	65.6	167,958	59.7
	Age 18 to 24	118	7.8	50,983	18.3	87	9.4	31	5.3	51,192	18.2
	Age 25 to 34	200	13.3	54,657	19.7	146	15.8	54	9.2	54,657	19.4
	Age 35 to 44	159	10.6	35,500	12.8	107	11.6	52	8.9	36,059	12.8
	Age 45 to 54	223	14.8	41,255	14.8	150	16.3	73	12.5	42,996	15.3
	Age 55 to 64	329	21.8	45,686	16.4	183	19.8	146	25	46,130	16.4
	Age 65 or older	478	31.7	49,839	17.9	249	27	229	39.1	50,078	17.8
	White - Non-Hispanic	1,287	85.6	219,686	79.3	766	83.3	521	89.4	236,382	84.2
	Black - Non-Hispanic	81	5.4	20,897	7.5	54	5.9	27	4.6	20,494	7.3
	Other race only, Non-Hispanic	34	2.3	8,613	3.1	23	2.5	11	1.9	5,480	2
	Multiracial, Non-Hispanic	37	2.5	7,591	2.7	27	2.9	10	1.7	5,785	2.1
	Hispanic	64	4.3	20,296	7.3	50	5.4	14	2.4	12,452	4.4
Maine	Male	525	33.9	71,278	40.9	274	34.5	251	33.3	71,278	40.8
	Female	1,023	66.1	103,138	59.1	521	65.5	502	66.7	103,227	59.2
	Age 18 to 24	80	5.2	23,493	13.5	53	6.7	27	3.6	23,493	13.5
	Age 25 to 34	157	10.2	29,255	16.9	98	12.5	59	7.9	29,311	16.9
	Age 35 to 44	168	10.9	28,902	16.7	105	13.3	63	8.4	28,915	16.7
	Age 45 to 54	281	18.3	27,606	15.9	155	19.7	126	16.8	27,201	15.7
	Age 55 to 64	339	22.1	28,841	16.6	152	19.3	187	24.9	29,156	16.8
	Age 65 or older	512	33.3	35,422	20.4	224	28.5	288	38.4	35,443	20.4
	White - Non-Hispanic	1,432	94.1	159,494	93.1	736	94.6	696	93.5	159,110	92.3
	Black - Non-Hispanic	4	0.3	673	0.4	.	.	4	0.5	2,170	1.3
	Other race only, Non-Hispanic	36	2.4	4,039	2.4	20	2.6	16	2.2	4,527	2.6
	Multiracial, Non-Hispanic	42	2.8	6,017	3.5	20	2.6	22	3	5,375	3.1
	Hispanic	8	0.5	1,083	0.6	2	0.3	6	0.8	1,275	0.7
Massachusetts	Male	429	36	284,857	37	277	37.1	152	34.2	284,857	37
	Female	762	64	485,302	63	470	62.9	292	65.8	485,316	63
	Age 18 to 24	86	7.4	118,114	15.6	67	9.2	19	4.3	80,630	10.6
	Age 25 to 34	127	10.9	117,566	15.6	84	11.5	43	9.8	155,050	20.3
	Age 35 to 44	144	12.3	121,945	16.2	88	12.1	56	12.7	123,928	16.3
	Age 45 to 54	209	17.9	137,373	18.2	127	17.4	82	18.6	139,335	18.3
	Age 55 to 64	280	23.9	124,790	16.5	171	23.4	109	24.8	127,349	16.7
	Age 65 or older	324	27.7	135,065	17.9	193	26.4	131	29.8	136,105	17.9
	White - Non-Hispanic	901	77.7	534,725	71.2	566	77.9	335	77.4	539,867	71.3
	Black - Non-Hispanic	67	5.8	61,962	8.3	40	5.5	27	6.2	33,784	4.5
	Other race only, Non-Hispanic	42	3.6	56,332	7.5	27	3.7	15	3.5	79,593	10.5
	Multiracial, Non-Hispanic	24	2.1	12,122	1.6	12	1.7	12	2.8	19,900	2.6
	Hispanic	126	10.9	85,660	11.4	82	11.3	44	10.2	84,351	11.1
Michigan	Male	683	37.6	531,922	43.7	334	37.4	349	37.8	531,922	43.6
	Female	1,135	62.4	686,517	56.3	560	62.6	575	62.2	687,399	56.4
	Age 18 to 24	192	10.7	228,052	18.9	117	13.3	75	8.1	228,052	18.8
	Age 25 to 34	206	11.5	197,210	16.3	103	11.7	103	11.2	197,726	16.3
	Age 35 to 44	229	12.7	193,235	16	110	12.5	119	12.9	193,235	15.9
	Age 45 to 54	295	16.4	189,391	15.7	143	16.3	152	16.5	193,911	15.9
	Age 55 to 64	390	21.7	204,023	16.9	161	18.4	229	24.9	204,345	16.8
	Age 65 or older	486	27	196,570	16.3	243	27.7	243	26.4	198,735	16.3
	White - Non-Hispanic	1,399	78.4	902,635	75.4	680	78.1	719	78.8	913,811	76.2
	Black - Non-Hispanic	236	13.2	204,094	17.1	117	13.4	119	13	175,754	14.7
	Other race only, Non-Hispanic	50	2.8	26,480	2.2	30	3.4	20	2.2	30,936	2.6
	Multiracial, Non-Hispanic	58	3.3	24,853	2.1	21	2.4	37	4.1	33,922	2.8
	Hispanic	41	2.3	38,454	3.2	23	2.6	18	2	44,416	3.7
Minnesota	Male	647	37.6	183,346	39.9	362	39.4	285	35.6	183,691	39.9
	Female	1,072	62.4	275,860	60.1	557	60.6	515	64.4	276,139	60.1
	Age 18 to 24	174	10.2	83,672	18.4	96	10.6	78	9.8	83,672	18.2
	Age 25 to 34	225	13.2	83,358	18.3	123	13.6	102	12.8	83,358	18.1
	Age 35 to 44	263	15.4	82,144	18	156	17.3	107	13.4	83,024	18.1
	Age 45 to 54	252	14.8	62,303	13.7	138	15.3	114	14.3	64,429	14
	Age 55 to 64	370	21.7	71,311	15.7	195	21.6	175	21.9	72,865	15.8
	Age 65 or older	419	24.6	72,481	15.9	195	21.6	224	28	72,481	15.8
	White - Non-Hispanic	1,448	85.7	370,337	82	753	83.8	695	87.9	390,110	86
	Black - Non-Hispanic	71	4.2	31,421	7	43	4.8	28	3.5	27,751	6.1
	Other race only, Non-Hispanic	69	4.1	26,371	5.8	44	4.9	25	3.2	16,493	3.6
	Multiracial, Non-Hispanic	37	2.2	9,321	2.1	18	2	19	2.4	9,697	2.1
	Hispanic	65	3.8	14,203	3.1	41	4.6	24	3	9,738	2.1
Missouri	Male	309	33.8	264,206	42.5	188	34.8	121	32.4	265,363	42.5
	Female	604	66.2	357,698	57.5	352	65.2	252	67.6	358,464	57.5
	Age 18 to 24	66	7.3	122,138	19.7	53	9.9	13	3.5	84,178	13.5
	Age 25 to 34	80	8.8	101,338	16.4	52	9.7	28	7.5	140,456	22.5
	Age 35 to 44	90	9.9	85,871	13.9	51	9.5	39	10.5	85,871	13.8
	Age 45 to 54	150	16.5	95,476	15.4	97	18.1	53	14.2	98,151	15.7
	Age 55 to 64	200	22.1	101,089	16.3	101	18.9	99	26.6	101,414	16.3
	Age 65 or older	321	35.4	112,725	18.2	181	33.8	140	37.6	113,748	18.2
	White - Non-Hispanic	709	78.3	498,371	80.5	422	78.7	287	77.6	502,973	80.9
	Black - Non-Hispanic	108	11.9	77,794	12.6	62	11.6	46	12.4	71,269	11.5
	Other race only, Non-Hispanic	27	3	13,253	2.1	15	2.8	12	3.2	17,885	2.9
	Multiracial, Non-Hispanic	41	4.5	9,066	1.5	25	4.7	16	4.3	8,796	1.4
	Hispanic	21	2.3	20,639	3.3	12	2.2	9	2.4	21,077	3.4
Montana	Male	296	38.9	44,752	43.7	191	39.6	105	37.6	44,752	43.7
	Female	465	61.1	57,613	56.3	291	60.4	174	62.4	57,613	56.3
	Age 18 to 24	43	5.7	12,291	12.1	35	7.4	8	2.9	4,781	4.7
	Age 25 to 34	78	10.3	17,746	17.5	55	11.6	23	8.2	25,256	24.7
	Age 35 to 44	79	10.5	12,953	12.8	46	9.7	33	11.8	14,124	13.8
	Age 45 to 54	116	15.4	17,607	17.4	75	15.8	41	14.7	16,848	16.5
	Age 55 to 64	162	21.5	19,862	19.6	100	21	62	22.2	20,136	19.7
	Age 65 or older	277	36.7	20,961	20.7	165	34.7	112	40.1	21,220	20.7
	White - Non-Hispanic	599	79	87,317	85.5	375	78.1	224	80.6	91,490	89.4
	Other race only, Non-Hispanic	126	16.6	10,081	9.9	87	18.1	39	14	5,885	5.8
	Multiracial, Non-Hispanic	20	2.6	2,078	2	9	1.9	11	4	2,061	2
	Hispanic	12	1.6	2,134	2.1	8	1.7	4	1.4	2,891	2.8
Nebraska	Male	629	37.6	73,001	41.7	375	37.8	254	37.3	73,041	41.6
	Female	1,045	62.4	102,264	58.3	618	62.2	427	62.7	102,376	58.4
	Age 18 to 24	145	8.7	33,378	19.1	94	9.5	51	7.5	33,378	19
	Age 25 to 34	226	13.5	37,928	21.7	157	15.9	69	10.1	37,928	21.6
	Age 35 to 44	191	11.4	23,448	13.4	123	12.4	68	10	23,493	13.4
	Age 45 to 54	221	13.2	23,482	13.4	129	13	92	13.5	23,568	13.4
	Age 55 to 64	362	21.7	28,566	16.3	202	20.4	160	23.5	28,625	16.3
	Age 65 or older	525	31.4	28,363	16.2	284	28.7	241	35.4	28,424	16.2
	White - Non-Hispanic	1,490	89.8	143,006	82.8	883	89.6	607	89.9	144,425	84.2
	Black - Non-Hispanic	38	2.3	12,014	7	25	2.5	13	1.9	10,176	5.9
	Other race only, Non-Hispanic	35	2.1	3,329	1.9	19	1.9	16	2.4	3,848	2.2
	Multiracial, Non-Hispanic	29	1.7	4,007	2.3	16	1.6	13	1.9	3,922	2.3
	Hispanic	68	4.1	10,300	6	42	4.3	26	3.9	9,216	5.4
Nevada	Male	145	29.7	77,334	32.2	83	30.5	62	28.7	78,589	32.6
	Female	343	70.3	162,697	67.8	189	69.5	154	71.3	162,785	67.4
	Age 18 to 24	40	8.3	36,597	15.3	27	10.1	13	6	43,367	18.1
	Age 25 to 34	50	10.4	43,660	18.3	30	11.2	20	9.3	38,145	15.9
	Age 35 to 44	51	10.6	31,853	13.3	32	11.9	19	8.8	31,343	13.1
	Age 45 to 54	63	13	31,747	13.3	35	13.1	28	13	31,410	13.1
	Age 55 to 64	113	23.4	44,897	18.8	58	21.6	55	25.6	45,445	18.9
	Age 65 or older	166	34.4	50,167	21	86	32.1	80	37.2	50,405	21
	White - Non-Hispanic	341	71.2	130,536	55.7	183	69.3	158	73.5	141,603	58.7
	Black - Non-Hispanic	27	5.6	28,405	12.1	17	6.4	10	4.7	31,553	13.1
	Other race only, Non-Hispanic	24	5	22,714	9.7	16	6.1	8	3.7	18,016	7.5
	Multiracial, Non-Hispanic	25	5.2	8,869	3.8	10	3.8	15	7	8,666	3.6
	Hispanic	62	12.9	44,034	18.8	38	14.4	24	11.2	41,320	17.1
New Hampshire	Male	321	33.9	61,681	36	226	35.8	95	30.2	62,068	36.1
	Female	625	66.1	109,609	64	405	64.2	220	69.8	109,825	63.9
	Age 18 to 24	56	6	32,229	19	40	6.4	16	5.1	32,229	19
	Age 25 to 34	92	9.8	27,202	16	69	11.1	23	7.4	26,388	15.5
	Age 35 to 44	123	13.2	30,534	18	79	12.7	44	14.1	30,534	18
	Age 45 to 54	175	18.7	27,737	16.3	125	20.1	50	16	28,132	16.6
	Age 55 to 64	204	21.8	26,511	15.6	135	21.7	69	22.1	26,919	15.9
	Age 65 or older	285	30.5	25,476	15	175	28.1	110	35.3	25,604	15.1
	White - Non-Hispanic	857	92.5	153,204	91.3	567	92.5	290	92.7	157,750	92.3
	Black - Non-Hispanic	3	0.3	305	0.2	1	0.2	2	0.6	1,195	0.7
	Other race only, Non-Hispanic	27	2.9	4,197	2.5	19	3.1	8	2.6	3,541	2.1
	Multiracial, Non-Hispanic	19	2.1	2,915	1.7	12	2	7	2.2	5,709	3.3
	Hispanic	20	2.2	7,107	4.2	14	2.3	6	1.9	2,804	1.6
New Jersey	Male	268	30.9	275,926	36	155	32.4	113	29.1	275,926	36
	Female	599	69.1	489,703	64	324	67.6	275	70.9	489,703	64
	Age 18 to 24	59	6.9	131,604	17.3	38	8.1	21	5.4	94,203	12.3
	Age 25 to 34	80	9.3	99,068	13	45	9.6	35	9	136,469	17.8
	Age 35 to 44	112	13.1	114,078	15	62	13.2	50	12.9	114,078	14.9
	Age 45 to 54	159	18.6	125,871	16.5	98	20.9	61	15.7	128,100	16.7
	Age 55 to 64	208	24.3	136,773	18	112	23.9	96	24.7	139,006	18.2
	Age 65 or older	239	27.9	153,551	20.2	114	24.3	125	32.2	153,773	20.1
	White - Non-Hispanic	532	62.4	405,334	53.9	289	61.9	243	63.1	415,228	54.5
	Black - Non-Hispanic	142	16.7	111,481	14.8	73	15.6	69	17.9	125,668	16.5
	Other race only, Non-Hispanic	25	2.9	48,111	6.4	15	3.2	10	2.6	56,831	7.5
	Multiracial, Non-Hispanic	14	1.6	22,687	3	2	0.4	12	3.1	56,839	7.5
	Hispanic	139	16.3	165,057	21.9	88	18.8	51	13.2	106,876	14
New Mexico	Male	312	35.1	102,722	41.2	198	34.1	114	37.1	104,688	41.6
	Female	576	64.9	146,708	58.8	383	65.9	193	62.9	146,708	58.4
	Age 18 to 24	56	6.3	43,228	17.5	38	6.6	18	5.9	46,851	18.6
	Age 25 to 34	99	11.2	52,648	21.3	74	12.8	25	8.2	49,295	19.6
	Age 35 to 44	106	12	32,953	13.3	72	12.5	34	11.1	34,866	13.9
	Age 45 to 54	144	16.3	38,291	15.5	94	16.3	50	16.3	38,965	15.5
	Age 55 to 64	192	21.8	36,045	14.6	118	20.5	74	24.2	36,377	14.5
	Age 65 or older	285	32.3	44,274	17.9	180	31.3	105	34.3	44,984	17.9
	White - Non-Hispanic	469	54.6	94,813	40.1	292	52	177	59.6	98,151	40.8
	Black - Non-Hispanic	6	0.7	1,870	0.8	4	0.7	2	0.7	5,630	2.3
	Other race only, Non-Hispanic	94	10.9	22,298	9.4	69	12.3	25	8.4	18,740	7.8
	Multiracial, Non-Hispanic	14	1.6	2,938	1.2	9	1.6	5	1.7	1,590	0.7
	Hispanic	276	32.1	114,470	48.4	188	33.5	88	29.6	116,359	48.4
New York	Male	552	34.4	841,995	38.3	339	33.9	213	35.1	843,314	38.3
	Female	1,054	65.6	1,359,208	61.7	660	66.1	394	64.9	1,359,804	61.7
	Age 18 to 24	102	6.5	321,458	14.8	72	7.4	30	5	321,458	14.8
	Age 25 to 34	192	12.2	404,348	18.7	145	14.8	47	7.9	404,945	18.6
	Age 35 to 44	194	12.3	404,226	18.7	143	14.6	51	8.5	416,399	19.1
	Age 45 to 54	257	16.3	300,549	13.9	170	17.4	87	14.5	290,507	13.3
	Age 55 to 64	368	23.4	341,926	15.8	203	20.8	165	27.6	346,453	15.9
	Age 65 or older	462	29.3	393,949	18.2	244	25	218	36.5	396,620	18.2
	White - Non-Hispanic	1,258	80.7	1,161,363	54.2	751	77.8	507	85.4	1,283,724	59.3
	Black - Non-Hispanic	95	6.1	359,543	16.8	69	7.2	26	4.4	223,448	10.3
	Other race only, Non-Hispanic	47	3	140,751	6.6	28	2.9	19	3.2	157,565	7.3
	Multiracial, Non-Hispanic	32	2.1	88,552	4.1	19	2	13	2.2	196,350	9.1
	Hispanic	127	8.1	391,167	18.3	98	10.2	29	4.9	304,967	14.1
Ohio	Male	519	34.9	493,579	43	318	36.4	201	32.7	497,271	43
	Female	970	65.1	653,845	57	556	63.6	414	67.3	658,144	57
	Age 18 to 24	79	5.3	174,946	15.3	40	4.6	39	6.3	178,638	15.5
	Age 25 to 34	135	9.1	194,341	17	87	10	48	7.8	194,341	16.8
	Age 35 to 44	169	11.4	176,070	15.4	99	11.4	70	11.4	176,197	15.2
	Age 45 to 54	265	17.9	220,368	19.3	165	19	100	16.3	224,579	19.4
	Age 55 to 64	342	23	173,991	15.2	185	21.3	157	25.5	178,429	15.4
	Age 65 or older	494	33.3	203,231	17.8	293	33.7	201	32.7	203,231	17.6
	White - Non-Hispanic	1,258	85.3	874,197	77	711	82.5	547	89.2	970,765	84.1
	Black - Non-Hispanic	127	8.6	152,134	13.4	93	10.8	34	5.5	91,706	7.9
	Other race only, Non-Hispanic	29	2	18,355	1.6	15	1.7	14	2.3	35,557	3.1
	Multiracial, Non-Hispanic	31	2.1	33,417	2.9	21	2.4	10	1.6	24,375	2.1
	Hispanic	30	2	56,557	5	22	2.6	8	1.3	31,826	2.8
Oklahoma	Male	301	32.9	162,355	41.1	220	34.1	81	30	162,355	40.9
	Female	615	67.1	232,785	58.9	426	65.9	189	70	234,163	59.1
	Age 18 to 24	44	4.8	56,888	14.5	38	6	6	2.2	43,830	11.1
	Age 25 to 34	100	11	78,989	20.2	82	12.9	18	6.7	83,901	21.2
	Age 35 to 44	96	10.6	66,843	17.1	76	11.9	20	7.4	76,920	19.4
	Age 45 to 54	136	15	61,312	15.7	94	14.7	42	15.6	62,799	15.8
	Age 55 to 64	197	21.7	60,536	15.5	123	19.3	74	27.4	62,141	15.7
	Age 65 or older	335	36.9	66,758	17.1	225	35.3	110	40.7	66,927	16.9
	White - Non-Hispanic	670	74	262,255	67.4	461	72.5	209	77.7	287,279	72.7
	Black - Non-Hispanic	62	6.9	40,343	10.4	46	7.2	16	5.9	24,027	6.1
	Other race only, Non-Hispanic	91	10.1	43,569	11.2	66	10.4	25	9.3	15,840	4
	Multiracial, Non-Hispanic	54	6	20,342	5.2	39	6.1	15	5.6	21,222	5.4
	Hispanic	28	3.1	22,697	5.8	24	3.8	4	1.5	46,843	11.9
Oregon	Male	312	36.2	216,712	41.1	160	33.7	152	39.3	216,805	41
	Female	550	63.8	311,033	58.9	315	66.3	235	60.7	311,722	59
	Age 18 to 24	75	8.9	90,044	17.4	41	8.8	34	8.9	86,203	16.7
	Age 25 to 34	120	14.2	98,754	19.1	72	15.5	48	12.6	102,595	19.9
	Age 35 to 44	104	12.3	76,415	14.7	55	11.8	49	12.9	72,387	14
	Age 45 to 54	145	17.2	82,624	15.9	79	17	66	17.4	83,226	16.1
	Age 55 to 64	174	20.6	83,694	16.1	90	19.4	84	22.1	84,393	16.4
	Age 65 or older	227	26.9	86,844	16.8	128	27.5	99	26.1	86,844	16.8
	White - Non-Hispanic	679	81.4	395,793	77.2	355	77.3	324	86.4	449,342	87.2
	Black - Non-Hispanic	7	0.8	12,669	2.5	5	1.1	2	0.5	4,010	0.8
	Other race only, Non-Hispanic	27	3.2	29,652	5.8	19	4.1	8	2.1	20,288	3.9
	Multiracial, Non-Hispanic	64	7.7	16,429	3.2	39	8.5	25	6.7	16,302	3.2
	Hispanic	57	6.8	58,104	11.3	41	8.9	16	4.3	25,358	4.9
Pennsylvania	Male	311	34.7	501,409	37.1	206	37.8	105	29.9	501,826	37.1
	Female	585	65.3	851,662	62.9	339	62.2	246	70.1	851,662	62.9
	Age 18 to 24	94	10.6	191,884	14.3	68	12.6	26	7.4	191,884	14.2
	Age 25 to 34	126	14.2	241,329	18	92	17.1	34	9.7	241,329	17.9
	Age 35 to 44	119	13.4	206,457	15.4	76	14.1	43	12.3	207,033	15.3
	Age 45 to 54	178	20	254,128	18.9	110	20.4	68	19.4	258,256	19.1
	Age 55 to 64	200	22.5	245,460	18.3	109	20.2	91	26	248,477	18.4
	Age 65 or older	172	19.3	203,986	15.2	84	15.6	88	25.1	204,404	15.1
	White - Non-Hispanic	698	78.7	956,888	71.6	418	77.1	280	81.2	960,462	73.6
	Black - Non-Hispanic	104	11.7	197,364	14.8	68	12.5	36	10.4	171,685	13.2
	Other race only, Non-Hispanic	26	2.9	41,652	3.1	14	2.6	12	3.5	76,321	5.8
	Multiracial, Non-Hispanic	18	2	17,779	1.3	12	2.2	6	1.7	19,731	1.5
	Hispanic	41	4.6	122,789	9.2	30	5.5	11	3.2	77,261	5.9
Rhode Island	Male	314	33.8	48,746	36.9	219	32.9	95	36.1	48,746	36.9
	Female	615	66.2	83,261	63.1	447	67.1	168	63.9	83,479	63.1
	Age 18 to 24	43	4.7	20,913	16	35	5.4	8	3	20,497	15.5
	Age 25 to 34	73	8	20,465	15.7	55	8.5	18	6.8	20,882	15.8
	Age 35 to 44	102	11.2	17,512	13.4	78	12	24	9.1	17,512	13.2
	Age 45 to 54	177	19.4	23,577	18	136	20.9	41	15.6	24,083	18.2
	Age 55 to 64	240	26.3	22,279	17	166	25.5	74	28.1	23,235	17.6
	Age 65 or older	278	30.4	25,964	19.9	180	27.7	98	37.3	26,016	19.7
	White - Non-Hispanic	752	82.5	98,277	75.7	545	83.6	207	79.9	96,798	74.6
	Black - Non-Hispanic	29	3.2	5,522	4.3	21	3.2	8	3.1	2,790	2.1
	Other race only, Non-Hispanic	21	2.3	4,015	3.1	15	2.3	6	2.3	3,502	2.7
	Multiracial, Non-Hispanic	17	1.9	3,197	2.5	10	1.5	7	2.7	5,468	4.2
	Hispanic	92	10.1	18,822	14.5	61	9.4	31	12	21,213	16.3
Texas	Male	431	31.9	781,195	39	255	31	176	33.3	781,213	39
	Female	920	68.1	1,221,739	61	568	69	352	66.7	1,221,739	61
	Age 18 to 24	71	5.3	327,454	16.5	52	6.4	19	3.6	327,454	16.4
	Age 25 to 34	121	9.1	324,344	16.4	73	9	48	9.2	326,371	16.4
	Age 35 to 44	109	8.2	283,634	14.3	69	8.5	40	7.7	294,049	14.8
	Age 45 to 54	192	14.4	360,201	18.2	130	16	62	11.9	355,099	17.8
	Age 55 to 64	272	20.4	264,674	13.4	166	20.5	106	20.3	263,812	13.2
	Age 65 or older	567	42.6	421,986	21.3	321	39.6	246	47.2	425,374	21.4
	White - Non-Hispanic	921	69.9	1,025,925	52.4	537	66.7	384	74.9	1,086,576	55.4
	Black - Non-Hispanic	119	9	259,712	13.3	85	10.6	34	6.6	151,075	7.7
	Other race only, Non-Hispanic	35	2.7	63,746	3.3	22	2.7	13	2.5	86,887	4.4
	Multiracial, Non-Hispanic	18	1.4	42,933	2.2	6	0.7	12	2.3	64,987	3.3
	Hispanic	225	17.1	566,183	28.9	155	19.3	70	13.6	572,503	29.2
Utah	Male	585	40.6	128,206	45.1	385	41.3	200	39.3	127,824	45
	Female	856	59.4	156,215	54.9	547	58.7	309	60.7	156,223	55
	Age 18 to 24	144	10.1	57,229	20.2	106	11.5	38	7.5	56,828	20.1
	Age 25 to 34	185	13	55,526	19.6	134	14.5	51	10.1	55,526	19.6
	Age 35 to 44	231	16.2	50,388	17.8	150	16.3	81	16	50,388	17.8
	Age 45 to 54	205	14.4	37,381	13.2	131	14.2	74	14.7	37,509	13.3
	Age 55 to 64	261	18.3	40,049	14.2	150	16.3	111	22	40,172	14.2
	Age 65 or older	402	28.2	42,271	14.9	252	27.3	150	29.7	42,282	15
	White - Non-Hispanic	1,279	89.6	235,882	83.7	819	88.3	460	91.8	230,615	82.9
	Black - Non-Hispanic	16	1.1	5,205	1.8	9	1	7	1.4	8,748	3.1
	Other race only, Non-Hispanic	36	2.5	8,992	3.2	28	3	8	1.6	4,330	1.6
	Multiracial, Non-Hispanic	24	1.7	6,356	2.3	18	1.9	6	1.2	6,986	2.5
	Hispanic	73	5.1	25,308	9	53	5.7	20	4	27,569	9.9
Vermont	Male	339	34.2	30,040	39.4	217	33.6	122	35.4	30,222	39.6
	Female	652	65.8	46,124	60.6	429	66.4	223	64.6	46,179	60.4
	Age 18 to 24	52	5.3	11,655	15.5	41	6.4	11	3.2	9,586	12.6
	Age 25 to 34	113	11.5	12,386	16.4	83	13	30	8.8	14,454	19.1
	Age 35 to 44	132	13.5	12,525	16.6	100	15.7	32	9.4	12,420	16.4
	Age 45 to 54	160	16.3	11,528	15.3	98	15.4	62	18.1	11,718	15.4
	Age 55 to 64	249	25.4	13,569	18	140	21.9	109	31.9	13,958	18.4
	Age 65 or older	274	28	13,650	18.1	176	27.6	98	28.7	13,711	18.1
	White - Non-Hispanic	896	92.2	70,369	94	579	91.6	317	93.2	70,743	93.4
	Black - Non-Hispanic	7	0.7	586	0.8	4	0.6	3	0.9	502	0.7
	Other race only, Non-Hispanic	28	2.9	1,521	2	19	3	9	2.6	2,405	3.2
	Multiracial, Non-Hispanic	24	2.5	908	1.2	16	2.5	8	2.4	408	0.5
	Hispanic	17	1.7	1,511	2	14	2.2	3	0.9	1,670	2.2
Wisconsin	Male	229	37.9	209,408	41.9	112	40.3	117	35.9	211,293	42
	Female	375	62.1	290,913	58.1	166	59.7	209	64.1	292,123	58
	Age 18 to 24	37	6.2	74,695	15	14	5.1	23	7.1	77,038	15.4
	Age 25 to 34	59	9.8	77,659	15.6	35	12.8	24	7.4	76,550	15.3
	Age 35 to 44	67	11.2	73,357	14.7	36	13.1	31	9.5	73,229	14.6
	Age 45 to 54	99	16.5	88,472	17.8	47	17.2	52	16	89,627	17.9
	Age 55 to 64	139	23.2	88,318	17.8	62	22.6	77	23.7	90,101	18
	Age 65 or older	198	33.1	94,910	19.1	80	29.2	118	36.3	95,029	18.9
	White - Non-Hispanic	501	83.8	414,850	83.8	218	79.9	283	87.1	422,334	84.8
	Black - Non-Hispanic	47	7.9	36,399	7.4	27	9.9	20	6.2	33,695	6.8
	Other race only, Non-Hispanic	22	3.7	12,977	2.6	14	5.1	8	2.5	10,284	2.1
	Multiracial, Non-Hispanic	14	2.3	7,523	1.5	6	2.2	8	2.5	6,051	1.2
	Hispanic	14	2.3	23,245	4.7	8	2.9	6	1.8	25,492	5.1
Puerto Rico	Male	260	26.1	189,319	38.8	141	25.7	119	26.6	189,875	38.8
	Female	735	73.9	298,445	61.2	407	74.3	328	73.4	300,077	61.2
	Age 18 to 24	75	7.6	68,351	14.1	45	8.3	30	6.7	68,351	14.1
	Age 25 to 34	121	12.2	90,731	18.7	78	14.3	43	9.6	91,682	18.9
	Age 35 to 44	136	13.7	82,665	17	86	15.8	50	11.2	83,208	17.1
	Age 45 to 54	164	16.5	83,871	17.3	95	17.4	69	15.5	82,683	17
	Age 55 to 64	179	18.1	62,181	12.8	84	15.4	95	21.3	62,500	12.9
	Age 65 or older	316	31.9	97,223	20	157	28.8	159	35.7	97,598	20.1
	White - Non-Hispanic	4	0.4	2,726	0.6	3	0.5	1	0.2	3,836	0.8
	Black - Non-Hispanic	5	0.5	2,648	0.5	3	0.5	2	0.4	2,472	0.5
	Hispanic	984	98.9	481,489	98.7	540	98.5	444	99.3	483,643	98.7
*Adult: aged ≥ 18
**California, Oklahoma, and Oregon did not collect 6 consecutive months of adult data but did collect 6 or more months of data throughout 2016 and 2017 altogether

Table 1B. Percentage of ACBS child* respondents, non-respondents, and BRFSS-eligible asthma respondents by demographic groups and state/territory
C hild		BRFSS				ACBS		ACBS
State	Demographics	Eligible Asthma				Non-Respondents		Respondents
		Respondents
		Sample	Percent	Weighted	Percent	Sample	Percent	Sample	Percent	Weighted	Percent
		size	(unweighted)	total	(weighted)	size	(unweighted)	size	(unweighted)	total	(weighted)
		(unweighted)				(unweighted)		(unweighted)
States/areas total	Boy	2,216	59.3	1,251,158	58.3	1,544	59.2	672	59.7	1,261,803	58.4
	Girl	1,519	40.7	893,105	41.7	1,065	40.8	454	40.3	898,622	41.6
	Age 0 to 4	301	8.9	226,407	12.1	217	9.5	84	7.6	187,955	8.8
	Age 5 to 9	765	22.6	522,143	27.9	522	22.9	243	21.9	651,836	30.6
	Age 10 to 14	1,250	36.9	624,781	33.4	824	36.2	426	38.4	725,202	34
	Age 15 to 17	1,068	31.6	494,992	26.5	713	31.3	355	32	565,164	26.5
	White only	2,734	74.5	1,276,595	60.8	1,876	73.4	858	77	1,403,597	65.8
	Black or African American only	458	12.5	485,668	23.1	331	13	127	11.4	435,387	20.4
	Other Races and Multiracial	478	13	337,179	16.1	348	13.6	130	11.7	295,414	13.8
Connecticut	Boy	218	63.2	66,991	58.3	162	62.5	56	65.1	67,775	58.6
	Girl	127	36.8	47,929	41.7	97	37.5	30	34.9	47,929	41.4
	Age 0 to 4	21	6.7	14,585	13.7	18	7.9	3	3.5	4,894	4.4
	Age 5 to 9	68	21.7	29,606	27.8	48	21.1	20	23.5	35,203	31.6
	Age 10 to 14	122	39	34,745	32.7	93	40.8	29	34.1	32,429	29.1
	Age 15 to 17	102	32.6	27,446	25.8	69	30.3	33	38.8	39,001	35
	White only	225	67.2	65,820	59	165	66	60	70.6	77,711	67.5
	Black or African American only	58	17.3	26,110	23.4	45	18	13	15.3	18,357	15.9
	Other Races and Multiracial	52	15.5	19,588	17.6	40	16	12	14.1	19,125	16.6
Florida	Boy	489	57.1	267,635	54.8	347	57.5	142	56.3	274,202	55
	Girl	367	42.9	221,031	45.2	257	42.5	110	43.7	224,391	45
	Age 0 to 4	83	11.1	46,891	11.4	54	10.9	29	11.5	52,480	10.5
	Age 5 to 9	208	27.8	124,049	30.1	139	28.1	69	27.4	163,759	32.8
	Age 10 to 14	241	32.3	131,314	31.9	159	32.1	82	32.5	160,826	32.3
	Age 15 to 17	215	28.8	109,779	26.6	143	28.9	72	28.6	121,526	24.4
	White only	560	67.1	265,108	56.2	391	66.7	169	67.9	338,136	68.1
	Black or African American only	177	21.2	149,482	31.7	128	21.8	49	19.7	113,304	22.8
	Other Races and Multiracial	98	11.7	57,429	12.2	67	11.4	31	12.4	44,872	9
Maine	Boy	168	62.2	20,216	62.6	113	63.5	55	59.8	20,216	61.9
	Girl	102	37.8	12,079	37.4	65	36.5	37	40.2	12,454	38.1
	Age 0 to 4	17	6.6	3,214	10.1	13	7.7	4	4.4	4,554	14
	Age 5 to 9	59	22.9	7,889	24.9	43	25.6	16	17.8	6,731	20.7
	Age 10 to 14	98	38	10,821	34.1	55	32.7	43	47.8	11,173	34.3
	Age 15 to 17	84	32.6	9,786	30.9	57	33.9	27	30	10,095	31
	White only	253	94.8	30,061	93.8	168	95.5	85	93.4	31,630	96.9
	Black or African American only	4	1.5	1,115	3.5	3	1.7	1	1.1	111	0.3
	Other Races and Multiracial	10	3.7	864	2.7	5	2.8	5	5.5	899	2.8
Michigan	Boy	221	60.2	165,445	63.5	137	57.8	84	64.6	165,851	63.4
	Girl	146	39.8	94,956	36.5	100	42.2	46	35.4	95,881	36.6
	Age 0 to 4	26	7.6	28,933	12.3	17	7.9	9	7.1	18,702	7.4
	Age 5 to 9	73	21.3	63,668	27.1	47	21.9	26	20.5	79,778	31.4
	Age 10 to 14	123	36	76,647	32.6	75	34.9	48	37.8	82,260	32.4
	Age 15 to 17	120	35.1	65,518	27.9	76	35.3	44	34.6	73,032	28.8
	White only	256	70.5	152,049	59.1	155	66	101	78.9	180,353	70.3
	Black or African American only	69	19	72,166	28	51	21.7	18	14.1	54,253	21.1
	Other Races and Multiracial	38	10.5	33,241	12.9	29	12.3	9	7	22,056	8.6
Minnesota	Boy	212	57.6	72,768	56.4	136	56.9	76	58.9	74,284	57
	Girl	156	42.4	56,151	43.6	103	43.1	53	41.1	56,151	43
	Age 0 to 4	19	5.9	6,729	5.9	16	8.1	3	2.4	3,425	2.6
	Age 5 to 9	70	21.6	30,850	27	44	22.3	26	20.5	45,163	34.6
	Age 10 to 14	127	39.2	43,278	37.9	68	34.5	59	46.5	48,503	37.2
	Age 15 to 17	108	33.3	33,344	29.2	69	35	39	30.7	33,344	25.6
	White only	280	76.3	85,424	67.3	184	77.3	96	74.4	84,747	65
	Black or African American only	36	9.8	21,280	16.8	20	8.4	16	12.4	25,751	19.7
	Other Races and Multiracial	51	13.9	20,225	15.9	34	14.3	17	13.2	19,937	15.3
Nebraska	Boy	182	59.3	26,774	64.1	125	58.4	57	61.3	26,752	64
	Girl	125	40.7	15,018	35.9	89	41.6	36	38.7	15,018	36
	Age 0 to 4	27	9.2	3,799	9.8	23	11.3	4	4.5	2,405	6.5
	Age 5 to 9	52	17.7	7,232	18.6	36	17.6	16	18	6,474	17.5
	Age 10 to 14	111	37.9	15,795	40.6	77	37.7	34	38.2	15,601	42.1
	Age 15 to 17	103	35.2	12,036	31	68	33.3	35	39.3	12,560	33.9
	White only	246	82	27,877	67.9	164	79.2	82	88.2	29,979	72
	Black or African American only	16	5.3	6,040	14.7	11	5.3	5	5.4	6,172	14.8
	Other Races and Multiracial	38	12.7	7,166	17.4	32	15.5	6	6.5	5,493	13.2
New York	Boy	185	59.3	326,115	59.7	139	59.7	46	58.2	326,115	59.7
	Girl	127	40.7	220,235	40.3	94	40.3	33	41.8	220,235	40.3
	Age 0 to 4	22	7.9	43,786	9.5	17	8.5	5	6.5	17,509	3.3
	Age 5 to 9	64	23.1	149,144	32.5	47	23.5	17	22.1	218,611	40.9
	Age 10 to 14	99	35.7	134,399	29.2	66	33	33	42.9	159,105	29.8
	Age 15 to 17	92	33.2	132,226	28.8	70	35	22	28.6	138,780	26
	White only	231	76	301,126	56.8	178	78.4	53	68.8	290,108	54.3
	Black or African American only	39	12.8	146,917	27.7	28	12.3	11	14.3	172,666	32.3
	Other Races and Multiracial	34	11.2	81,859	15.4	21	9.3	13	16.9	71,912	13.4
Ohio	Boy	159	57.2	150,087	56.6	109	57.4	50	56.8	151,995	56.8
	Girl	119	42.8	115,014	43.4	81	42.6	38	43.2	115,625	43.2
	Age 0 to 4	22	8.8	30,848	13.4	17	10.5	5	5.7	30,028	11.2
	Age 5 to 9	53	21.2	52,306	22.7	37	22.8	16	18.2	40,021	15
	Age 10 to 14	99	39.6	91,822	39.8	62	38.3	37	42	123,821	46.3
	Age 15 to 17	76	30.4	55,588	24.1	46	28.4	30	34.1	73,750	27.6
	White only	215	77.6	165,909	62.3	140	73.7	75	86.2	184,474	69.4
	Black or African American only	35	12.6	54,181	20.3	28	14.7	7	8	38,496	14.5
	Other Races and Multiracial	27	9.7	46,181	17.3	22	11.6	5	5.7	42,742	16.1
Utah	Boy	214	62	49,525	64.7	153	62.2	61	61.6	48,544	64.2
	Girl	131	38	27,047	35.3	93	37.8	38	38.4	27,076	35.8
	Age 0 to 4	21	6.7	3,368	4.9	14	6.4	7	7.3	3,127	4.2
	Age 5 to 9	52	16.6	18,444	26.7	37	17	15	15.6	20,599	27.6
	Age 10 to 14	136	43.3	29,386	42.5	98	45	38	39.6	28,089	37.6
	Age 15 to 17	105	33.4	17,902	25.9	69	31.7	36	37.5	22,869	30.6
	White only	295	87.3	62,209	83.1	203	84.9	92	92.9	67,924	92.5
	Black or African American only	9	2.7	1,654	2.2	7	2.9	2	2	528	0.7
	Other Races and Multiracial	34	10.1	11,040	14.7	29	12.1	5	5.1	4,980	6.8
Puerto Rico	Boy	168	58.5	105,602	55.8	123	58.9	45	57.7	106,070	55.8
	Girl	119	41.5	83,645	44.2	86	41.1	33	42.3	83,862	44.2
	Age 0 to 4	43	16.2	44,252	25.9	28	14.8	15	19.5	50,831	26.8
	Age 5 to 9	66	24.8	38,955	22.8	44	23.3	22	28.6	35,498	18.7
	Age 10 to 14	94	35.3	56,572	33.1	71	37.6	23	29.9	63,396	33.4
	Age 15 to 17	63	23.7	31,365	18.3	46	24.3	17	22.1	40,206	21.2
	White only	173	60.9	121,012	64.6	128	61.8	45	58.4	118,536	63.2
	Black or African American only	15	5.3	6,723	3.6	10	4.8	5	6.5	5,749	3.1
	Other Races and Multiracial	96	33.8	59,586	31.8	69	33.3	27	35.1	63,398	33.8
*Child: aged 0-17 years