OMB # 0925-XXXX
Expiration Date: XX/XXXX
PULMONARY DISEASE KNOWLEDGE CHECK
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Which of the following is correct regarding the gender-based differences in the epidemiology of IPF (Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis)?
Men are more commonly affected than women.
Women are twice as likely to develop IPF as men.
IPF-related mortality is decreasing in both men and women.
There is no difference in IPF epidemiology between men and women.
Explanation: The correct answer is A. Men are more commonly affected with a male: female ratio of 1.4: 1-2.1:1.
Mortality rates from IPF (Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis) are increasing more rapidly in women than in men.
T
F
Explanation: correct answer is a (True). Mortality rates are increasing in both men and women but more quickly in women (men 28.4% vs women 41.3%, p<0.0001).
Men fare worse than women in which clinical manifestation of IPF?
Worse mental health composite scores (on the SF-12 questionnaire)
Worse dyspnea
Faster progression of exertional hypoxemia
More frequent acute exacerbations of IPF
Explanation: The correct answer is C. Men have faster progression of exertional hypoxemia as measured by desaturation area during 6 minute walk test.
Which statement is false?
COPD is the 3rd leading cause of death in the US.
COPD related mortality is higher in women than men.
COPD prevalence increased in women but decreased in men between the 1970s-1990s.
Nearly 80% of nonsmokers with COPD are female.
Explanation: The correct (false) answer is B. The death rate from COPD in men is higher than in women: 141.9 per 100,000 vs 100.9 per 100,000 in 2014. However, this rate represents a decrease for men while it has remained stable in women.
Select the correct words from below to complete this statement: There is evidence for an increased susceptibility to COPD in _______, such as _______ with the same degree of airflow obstruction.
Women; fewer pack years smoked
Women; lower expression of CELSR1
Men; fewer pack years smoked
Men; lower expression of CELSR1
Explanation: The correct answer is A. Women have fewer pack years smoked than men with the same degree of airflow obstruction and higher risk of airflow obstruction given the same smoking exposure.
Which of the following is true regarding gender-based differences in clinical manifestations of COPD?
Men are more troubled by anxiety
Women report less severe dyspnea for a given degree of airflow obstruction
Women report worse health-related quality of life.
Men are less likely to be diagnosed with COPD than women despite similar symptoms
Explanation: The correct answer is C. On average, women report worse health-related quality of life than men.
PAH (Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension) is a female-predominant disease, but which subtype is more commonly seen in men?
Hereditary PAH
Connective tissue disease associated PAH
Anorexic-drug associated PAH
HIV associated PAH
Explanation: The correct answer is D. HIV-associated PAH patients are more commonly male (87%) while anorexic-drug associated PAH patients are almost exclusively women.
Select the correct connection between sex hormone and effect on pulmonary arterial endothelial (PAEC) or smooth muscle cells (PASMC).
Estrogen –decrease nitric oxide mediated vasodilation (PAECs)
Estrogen – decrease inflammation to endothelial cells
Testosterone – increase inflammation to endothelial cells
Estrogen – no impact on smooth muscle cell proliferation
Explanation: The correct answer is B. Along with other effects on endothelial cells, estrogen decreases inflammation, which protects against PAH.
Men and women have different rates of PAH (Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension)comorbidities. Which of the following is not more common in women?
Cirrhosis
Thyroid disease
Clinical depression
Obesity
Explanation: The correct answer is a. The rate of cirrhosis is 12% in men and only 4% in women
Which of the following treatments for PAH (Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension) appears to be more beneficial in women? (Select all that apply.)
Epoprostenol
Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors
Endothelin receptor antagonists
Supplemental oxygen therapy
Explanation: The correct answers are A and C. Epoprostenol and endothelin receptor antagonists appear to benefit women more than men. Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors appear to benefit men more than women.
File Type | application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document |
Author | curriem |
File Modified | 0000-00-00 |
File Created | 2021-01-13 |