Oc Wage

For release 10:00 a.m. (EDT) Friday, March 29, 2019

USDL-19-0493

Technical information: (202) 691-6569 • oesinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/oes
Media contact:
(202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov

OCCUPATIONAL EMPLOYMENT AND WAGES — MAY 2018
Transportation and material moving occupations had employment of 10.2 million in May 2018,
representing 7.1 percent of total national employment, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported
today. The largest transportation and material moving occupation was laborers and hand freight, stock,
and material movers (2.9 million) and the highest paying transportation and material moving occupation
was airline pilots, copilots, and flight engineers ($169,560). (See chart 1 and chart 2.) The annual mean
wage across all transportation and material moving occupations was $38,290, compared with the U.S.
average wage of $51,960. (See table 1.)
The Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) program provides employment and wage estimates for
over 800 occupations in the nation, states, and approximately 530 areas. National data are available by
industry for approximately 415 industry classifications and by ownership across all industries, schools,
and hospitals. This news release features transportation and material moving; education, training, and
library; and food preparation and serving related occupations, in addition to STEM (science, technology,
engineering, and mathematics) occupations and employment and wages by typical entry-level
educational requirement. National employment and wage information for all occupations is shown in
table 1.
Transportation and material moving occupations
•

The largest transportation and material moving occupations were laborers and hand freight,
stock, and material movers (2.9 million); heavy and tractor-trailer truck drivers (1.8 million); and
light truck or delivery services drivers (915,310). (See table 1 and chart 1.)

•

Several of the highest paying transportation and material moving occupations were related to air
or water transportation. The highest paying transportation and material moving occupations were
airline pilots, copilots, and flight engineers ($169,560); air traffic controllers ($120,830);
commercial pilots ($96,530); and captains, mates, and pilots of water vessels ($82,380). (See
table 1 and chart 2.)

Changes to the Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) Data
Within metropolitan areas, data for the 38 metropolitan divisions are no longer available.
Also, some small nonmetropolitan areas have been combined to form larger nonmetropolitan
areas. See the box notes at the end of this news release for more information on current and
upcoming changes to OES data.

Chart 1. Employment for the largest transportation and material moving occupations, May 2018

Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand
Heavy and tractor-trailer truck drivers
Light truck or delivery services drivers
Packers and packagers, hand
Industrial truck and tractor operators
Bus drivers, school or special client
Driver/sales workers
First-line supervisors of transportation and material moving
workers, except aircraft cargo handling supervisors
Cleaners of vehicles and equipment
Taxi drivers and chauffeurs

0

1,000,000

2,000,000

3,000,000

Employment
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics.

•

The lowest paying transportation and material moving occupations were parking lot attendants
($25,130) and automotive and watercraft service attendants ($25,940). (See table 1.)

•

Industries with the highest employment of transportation and material moving occupations were
truck transportation (1.1 million); employment services, which includes temporary help services
(890,660); and warehousing and storage (725,670).

•

States with the highest employment shares of transportation and material moving occupations
were Kentucky (9.6 percent), New Jersey, and Tennessee (each 9.4 percent).

•

Alaska ($59,320), the District of Columbia ($47,670), and Hawaii ($47,450) were among the
states with the highest wages for transportation and material moving occupations.

State and metropolitan/nonmetropolitan area data are available at
www.bls.gov/oes/current/oessrcst.htm and www.bls.gov/oes/current/oessrcma.htm, respectively.
National industry-specific data are available at www.bls.gov/oes/current/oessrci.htm.
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Chart 2. Highest paying transportation and material moving occupations, May 2018
Airline pilots, copilots, and flight engineers
Air traffic controllers
Commercial pilots
Captains, mates, and pilots of water vessels
Ship engineers
Transportation inspectors
Locomotive firers
Locomotive engineers
Railroad conductors and yardmasters
Subway and streetcar operators
All occupations
All transportation and material moving occupations

$0

$50,000

$100,000

$150,000

$200,000

Annual mean wage
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics.

Education, training, and library occupations
•

Education, training, and library occupations had employment of 8.8 million and an annual
mean wage of $56,620. (See table 1.)

•

Over 74 percent of education, training, and library jobs were in the public sector. Local
government accounted for 64 percent of employment in this occupational group.

•

The largest education, training, and library occupations were elementary school teachers, except
special education (1.4 million); teacher assistants (1.3 million); and secondary school teachers,
except special and career/technical education (1.1 million). (See table 1.) These were also the
largest occupations in the public sector.

•

The highest paying education, training, and library occupations were all postsecondary teaching
occupations, including postsecondary law teachers ($130,710) and postsecondary health
specialties teachers ($122,320). (See table 1.)

•

The lowest paying education, training, and library occupations were teacher assistants ($28,750)
and substitute teachers ($32,360). (See table 1.)

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•

Elementary school teachers, except special education had an annual mean wage of $62,200
nationally. (See table 1.) Wages for this occupation varied by state from $40,450 in Oklahoma to
$83,010 in New York.

Public and private sector ownership data are available at www.bls.gov/oes/current/oessrci.htm.
Food preparation and serving related occupations
•

Food preparation and serving related occupations had total employment of 13.4 million,
representing 9.2 percent of U.S. employment, and an annual mean wage of $25,580. This was
the third-largest occupational group (after office and administrative support occupations and
sales and related occupations), as well as the lowest paying. (See table 1.)

•

The largest food preparation and serving related occupations were combined food preparation
and serving workers, including fast food (3.7 million); waiters and waitresses (2.6 million); and
restaurant cooks (1.3 million). (See table 1.)

•

Chefs and head cooks ($52,160) was the highest paying food preparation and serving related
occupation. Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food ($22,140) and
fast food cooks ($22,650) were the lowest paying occupations in this group. (See table 1.)

•

Metropolitan areas with the highest concentrations of food preparation and serving related
occupations included Kahului-Wailuku-Lahaina, Hawaii (18.8 percent); Myrtle Beach-ConwayNorth Myrtle Beach, S.C.-N.C. (18.1 percent); and Ocean City, N.J. (17.9 percent).

•

The highest paying areas for food preparation and serving related occupations included
Kahului-Wailuku-Lahaina, Hawaii ($43,070); Urban Honolulu, Hawaii ($35,610); and Napa,
Calif. ($33,800).

Typical entry-level education
•

Occupations typically requiring postsecondary education for entry made up 37 percent of
employment. The largest postsecondary category, occupations that typically require a bachelor’s
degree for entry, made up 22 percent of employment. This educational category includes
registered nurses, teachers at the kindergarten through secondary levels, and many management,
business and financial operations, computer, and engineering occupations.

•

Occupations typically requiring a high school diploma or the equivalent for entry made up 39
percent of employment, and occupations that require no formal educational credential for entry
made up 24 percent of employment. These two educational categories include most production
and construction occupations, as well as large occupations such as retail salespersons, cashiers,
and general office clerks.

•

Occupations typically requiring a postsecondary nondegree award, such as a certificate, for
entry made up 6.2 percent of employment. The largest occupations in this educational category
were heavy and tractor-trailer truck drivers (1.8 million) and nursing assistants (1.5 million).

-4-

Chart 3. Highest paying occupations typically requiring less than a bachelor's
degree for entry, May 2018
Air traffic controllers
Transportation, storage, and distribution managers
Commercial pilots
Nuclear power reactor operators
Funeral service managers
First-line supervisors of police and detectives
Athletes and sports competitors
Radiation therapists
Power distributors and dispatchers
Gaming managers
All occupations
$0

$25,000

$50,000

$75,000 $100,000 $125,000

Annual mean wage
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics
and Employment Projections.

•

Average wages were generally higher for occupations requiring more education. Annual mean
wages were $27,890 for occupations typically requiring no formal educational credential for
entry, $43,060 for occupations typically requiring a high school diploma or the equivalent,
$56,970 for occupations typically requiring an associate’s degree, and $87,130 for occupations
typically requiring a bachelor’s degree.

•

The highest paying occupations typically requiring less than a bachelor’s degree for entry
were air traffic controllers ($120,830), which typically require an associate’s degree for entry,
and transportation, storage, and distribution managers ($102,850), which typically require a high
school diploma or the equivalent. (See chart 3.)

•

Occupations typically requiring a postsecondary nondegree award for entry had an average
wage of $42,530. The highest paying metropolitan areas for occupations in this educational
category included San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward, Calif. ($55,690); Fairbanks, Alaska
($55,100); and Anchorage, Alaska ($54,090).

The typical education level required to enter an occupation is based on education and training categories
from the BLS Employment Projections program. Education and training levels assigned to each
occupation are available at www.bls.gov/emp/ep_table_112.htm. Additional charts are available at
www.bls.gov/oes/current/overview_2018.htm.
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Chart 4. Metropolitan areas with the highest employment shares of STEM
occupations, May 2018
California-Lexington Park, MD
San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA
Boulder, CO
Huntsville, AL
Corvallis, OR
Durham-Chapel Hill, NC
Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV
Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA
Raleigh, NC
Ames, IA
United States

0

10

20

30

Percent
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics.

Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) occupations
•

There were nearly 9.1 million STEM jobs representing 6.3 percent of total U.S. employment.

•

Seven of the 10 largest STEM occupations were related to computers and included applications
software developers (903,160) and computer user support specialists (630,700). (See table 1.)

•

Areas with the highest employment shares of STEM occupations were California-Lexington
Park, Md. (27.4 percent), and San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, Calif. (21.0 percent). (See chart
4.)

•

STEM occupations had an annual mean wage of $93,070, compared with $49,170 for nonSTEM occupations. Ninety-three of the 99 STEM occupations had mean wages significantly
above the all-occupations average of $51,960. (See table 1.)

•

The highest paying STEM occupations were petroleum engineers ($156,370) and the three
STEM-related management occupations. (See table 1.)
-6-

•

The lowest paying STEM occupations were forest and conservation technicians ($40,110) and
agricultural and food science technicians ($44,170). (See table 1.)

Occupations included in the STEM definition used for this news release are available at
www.bls.gov/oes/stem_list_2018.xlsx. Additional STEM charts are available at
www.bls.gov/oes/current/overview_2018.htm.
Largest occupations
•

The largest occupations overall were retail salespersons (4.4 million); combined food preparation
and serving workers, including fast food (3.7 million); and cashiers (3.6 million). (See table 1.)

•

Eight of the 10 largest occupations had below-average wages. Retail salespersons ($28,310),
combined food preparation and serving workers ($22,140), and cashiers ($23,240) had annual
mean wages significantly below the all-occupations average of $51,960. (See table 1.)

•

Registered nurses ($75,510) and general and operations managers ($123,880) were the largest
occupations with above-average wages. (See table 1.)

Public sector occupations
•

The public sector made up 15 percent of employment and had a different occupational mix from
the private sector.

•

Many of the largest public sector occupations were related to education. In addition to
elementary school teachers, except special education (public sector employment of 1.3 million);
teacher assistants (1.0 million); and secondary school teachers, except special and
career/technical education (926,100), the occupations with the highest public sector employment
included middle school teachers, except special and career/technical education (541,280) and
substitute teachers (505,000).

•

Outside of the education, training, and library group, the occupations with the highest public
sector employment were police and sheriff’s patrol officers (654,570), general office clerks
(539,230), and secretaries and administrative assistants, except legal, medical, and executive
(505,580).

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Area Changes to the May 2018 Occupational Employment Statistics (OES)
OES continues to publish data for metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas that cover the full
geography of the United States. However, the level of detail available has decreased.
OES no longer publishes data for metropolitan divisions. Data for the 11 large metropolitan areas
that contain divisions are now available at the Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) or New
England City and Town Area (NECTA) level only.
In addition, some smaller nonmetropolitan areas have been combined to form larger
nonmetropolitan areas. The May 2018 OES estimates contain data for 134 nonmetropolitan areas,
compared with 167 nonmetropolitan areas in the May 2017 estimates.
More information on these area changes is available at www.bls.gov/oes/areas_2018.htm.

Implementing the 2018 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) System
The OES program plans to begin implementing the 2018 Standard Occupational Classification
(SOC) system with the May 2019 estimates, to be released by early April of 2020. Because each
set of OES estimates is produced by combining three years of survey data, estimates for May
2019 and May 2020 will be based on a combination of survey data collected under the 2010 SOC
and data collected under the 2018 SOC, and will use a hybrid of the two classification systems.
The May 2021 OES estimates, to be released by early April of 2022, will be the first set of
estimates based fully on the 2018 SOC. For more information, please see
www.bls.gov/oes/soc_2018.htm.

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Technical Note
Scope of the survey

Survey sample

The Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) survey is a
semiannual survey measuring occupational employment and wage
rates for wage and salary workers in nonfarm establishments in
the United States. The OES data available from BLS include
cross-industry occupational employment and wage estimates for
the nation; over 580 areas, including states and the District of
Columbia,
metropolitan
statistical
areas
(MSAs),
nonmetropolitan areas, and territories; national industry-specific
estimates at the NAICS sector, 3-digit, most 4-digit, and selected
5- and 6-digit industry levels; and national estimates by ownership
across all industries and for schools and hospitals.
The OES survey is a cooperative effort between BLS and the
State Workforce Agencies (SWAs). BLS funds the survey and
provides the procedures and technical support, while the State
Workforce Agencies collect most of the data. OES estimates are
constructed from a sample of about 1.2 million establishments.
Each year, two semiannual panels of approximately 180,000 to
200,000 sampled establishments are contacted, one panel in May
and the other in November. Responses are obtained by mail,
Internet or other electronic means, email, telephone, or personal
visit. The May 2018 estimates are based on responses from six
semiannual panels collected over a 3-year period: May 2018,
November 2017, May 2017, November 2016, May 2016, and
November 2015. The unweighted sampled employment of 83
million across all six semiannual panels represents approximately
58 percent of total national employment. The overall national
response rate for the six panels, based on the 50 states and the
Distr ict of Co lumb ia, is 71 percent based on establishments
and 68 percent based on weighted sampled employment.

The OES survey draws its sample from state unemployment
insurance (UI) files. Supplemental sources are used for rail
transportation (NAICS 4821) and Guam because they do not
report to the UI program. The OES survey sample is stratified by
metropolitan and nonmetropolitan area, industry, and size.
To provide the most occupational coverage, larger
employers are more likely to be selected than smaller employers.
A census is taken of the executive branch of the federal
government, the U.S. Postal Service, and state government.

The occupational coding system
The OES survey categorizes workers into 810 detailed
occupations based on the Office of Management and Budget’s
2010 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system.
Together, these detailed occupations make up 22 of the 23 SOC
major occupational groups. Major group 55, Military Specific
Occupations, is not included.
For more information about the SOC system, please see the
BLS website at www.bls.gov/soc/.
The industry coding system
The May 2018 OES estimates use the 2017 North American
Industry Classification System (NAICS). For more information
about NAICS, see the BLS website at www.bls.gov/bls/naics.htm.
The OES survey excludes the majority of the agricultural
sector, with the exception of logging (NAICS 113310), support
activities for crop production (NAICS 1151), and support
activities for animal production (NAICS 1152). Private
households (NAICS 814) also are excluded. OES federal
government data include the U.S. Postal Service and the federal
executive branch only. All other industries, including state and
local government, are covered by the survey.

Concepts
Occupational employment is the estimate of total wage and
salary employment in an occupation. The OES survey defines
employment as the number of workers who can be classified as
full- or part-time employees, including workers on paid vacations
or other types of paid leave; workers on unpaid short-term
absences; salaried officers, executives, and staff members of
incorporated firms; employees temporarily assigned to other units;
and employees for whom the reporting unit is their permanent duty
station, regardless of whether that unit prepares their paycheck.
The survey does not include the self-employed, owners and
partners in unincorporated firms, household workers, or unpaid
family workers.
Wages for the OES survey are straight-time, gross pay,
exclusive of premium pay. Base rate; cost-of-living allowances;
guaranteed pay; hazardous-duty pay; incentive pay, including
commissions and production bonuses; and tips are included.
Excluded are overtime pay, severance pay, shift differentials,
nonproduction bonuses, employer cost for supplementary
benefits, and tuition reimbursements.
OES receives wage rate data for the federal government, the
U.S. Postal Service, and most state governments. For the
remaining establishments, the OES survey data are placed into 12
intervals. The intervals are defined both as hourly rates and the
corresponding annual rates, where the annual rate for an
occupation is calculated by multiplying the hourly wage rate by a
typical work year of 2,080 hours. The responding establishments
are instructed to report the hourly rate for part-time workers, and
to report annual rates for occupations that are typically paid at an
annual rate but do not work 2,080 hours per year, such as teachers,
pilots, and flight attendants. Other workers, such as some
entertainment workers, are paid hourly rates, but generally do not
work 40 hours per week, year round. For these workers, only an
hourly wage is reported.
Estimation methodology
The OES survey is designed to produce estimates by
combining six panels of data collected over a 3-year period. Each
OES panel contains approximately 180,000 to 200,000
establishments. Recent OES survey panels have a reduced sample;
see the “Changes to the May 2018 estimates” section below for
more information. The full six-panel sample of nearly 1.2 million
establishments allows the production of estimates at detailed levels
of geography, industry, and occupation.

Wage updating. Significant reductions in sampling errors are
obtained by combining six panels of data, particularly for small
geographic areas and occupations. Wages for the current panel
need no adjustment. However, wages in the five previous panels
need to be updated to the current panel’s reference period.
The OES program uses the BLS Employment Cost Index
(ECI) to adjust survey data from prior panels before combining
them with the current panel’s data. The wage updating procedure
adjusts each detailed occupation’s wage rate, as measured in the
earlier panel, according to the average movement of its broader
occupational division.
Imputation. Some establishments do not respond for a given
panel. For most employers, a “nearest neighbor” hot deck
imputation procedure is used to impute missing occupational
employment totals. A variant of mean imputation is used to impute
missing wage distributions. In some cases, data for
nonrespondents are available from earlier panels. In those cases,
the older data may be used and aged to represent the current
reference period.
Weighting and benchmarking. The sampled establishments
are weighted to represent all establishments for the reference
period. Weights are further adjusted by the ratio of employment
totals (the average of November 2017 and May 2018
employment) from the BLS Quarterly Census of Employment and
Wages to employment totals from the OES survey.

With the publication of the May 2018 estimates, the OES
program has made changes to the metropolitan and
nonmetropolitan area data. OES continues to publish data for
metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas that cover the full
geography of the United States. However, the level of detail
available has been reduced.
Elimination of metropolitan division data. OES no longer
publishes data for the metropolitan divisions within the 11 large
metropolitan areas that are further broken down into divisions. Data
for these 11 areas are available at the Metropolitan Statistical Area
(MSA) or New England City and Town Area (NECTA) level only.
For a list of metropolitan divisions and the corresponding
MSAs/NECTAs, see www.bls.gov/oes/divisions_2018.xlsx.
Consolidation of some nonmetropolitan areas. Some
nonmetropolitan areas published in the May 2017 estimates have
been combined to form larger nonmetropolitan areas. The May
2018 estimates contain data for 134 nonmetropolitan areas,
compared with 167 nonmetropolitan areas in the May 2017
estimates. For a list of the 2018 nonmetropolitan areas, see
www.bls.gov/oes/nonmet_2018.xlsx.
A spreadsheet showing all of the new area definitions and
names used for the May 2018 OES estimates is available at
www.bls.gov/oes/area_definitions_2018.xlsx.

Changes to the May 2018 estimates

For more information

The OES sample has been reduced in recent survey panels.
The November 2017 and May 2018 OES survey panels each had
a sample of approximately 186,000 establishments. The May
2017 panel sample consisted of approximately 195,000
establishments, and the November 2016, May 2016, and
November 2015 survey panels each consisted of approximately
200,000 establishments.

Answers to frequently asked questions about the OES data
are available at www.bls.gov/oes/oes_ques.htm. Detailed
technical information about the OES survey is available in the
Survey Methods and Reliability Statement on the BLS website at
www.bls.gov/oes/current/methods_statement.pdf.

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, May 2018
Mean wages
Occupation

All occupations

Employment

Hourly

Annual¹

Median
hourly
wages

144,733,270

$24.98

$51,960

$18.58

Management occupations
Top executives..................................................................................................................................................
Chief executives...........................................................................................................................................
General and operations managers................................................................................................................
Legislators....................................................................................................................................................
Advertising, marketing, promotions, public relations, and sales managers.........................................................
Advertising and promotions managers..........................................................................................................
Marketing and sales managers.....................................................................................................................
Marketing managers................................................................................................................................
Sales managers......................................................................................................................................
Public relations and fundraising managers....................................................................................................
Operations specialties managers.......................................................................................................................
Administrative services managers................................................................................................................
Computer and information systems managers..............................................................................................
Financial managers.......................................................................................................................................
Industrial production managers.....................................................................................................................
Purchasing managers...................................................................................................................................
Transportation, storage, and distribution managers......................................................................................
Compensation and benefits managers..........................................................................................................
Human resources managers.........................................................................................................................
Training and development managers............................................................................................................
Other management occupations........................................................................................................................
Farmers, ranchers, and other agricultural managers.....................................................................................
Construction managers.................................................................................................................................
Education administrators..............................................................................................................................
Education administrators, preschool and childcare center/program..........................................................
Education administrators, elementary and secondary school...................................................................
Education administrators, postsecondary.................................................................................................
Education administrators, all other...........................................................................................................
Architectural and engineering managers.......................................................................................................
Food service managers................................................................................................................................
Funeral service managers............................................................................................................................
Gaming managers........................................................................................................................................
Lodging managers........................................................................................................................................
Medical and health services managers.........................................................................................................
Natural sciences managers..........................................................................................................................
Postmasters and mail superintendents.........................................................................................................
Property, real estate, and community association managers.........................................................................
Social and community service managers......................................................................................................
Emergency management directors...............................................................................................................
Managers, all other.......................................................................................................................................

7,616,650
2,535,640
195,530
2,289,770
50,330
717,220
25,260
619,500
240,440
379,050
72,460
1,853,660
283,570
391,430
608,120
181,310
69,490
124,810
15,660
143,580
35,690
2,510,140
4,770
278,460
498,200
50,650
263,120
143,430
41,000
188,290
219,160
8,400
4,300
37,050
372,670
60,260
13,770
202,550
149,870
9,550
462,840

58.44
61.66
96.22
59.56
(²)
68.03
63.99
68.75
70.79
67.46
63.26
63.79
50.99
73.49
70.59
54.51
60.40
49.45
63.87
60.91
58.53
48.51
38.43
49.57
46.65
25.96
(²)
53.47
43.06
71.62
28.35
45.11
40.99
29.94
54.68
67.16
37.04
34.49
34.46
39.70
55.57

121,560
128,240
200,140
123,880
47,620
141,500
133,090
143,000
147,240
140,320
131,570
132,680
106,050
152,860
146,830
113,370
125,630
102,850
132,860
126,700
121,730
100,900
79,940
103,110
97,030
53,990
98,750
111,210
89,570
148,970
58,960
93,820
85,260
62,270
113,730
139,680
77,040
71,730
71,670
82,570
115,590

50.11
49.73
91.15
48.52
(²)
60.70
56.31
61.59
64.56
59.72
55.19
57.01
46.24
68.53
61.53
49.70
57.18
45.54
58.18
54.47
53.53
43.33
32.67
44.89
43.30
23.05
(²)
45.36
39.83
67.67
26.08
38.07
35.91
25.67
47.95
59.55
36.52
28.05
31.41
35.78
51.67

Business and financial operations occupations
Business operations specialists.........................................................................................................................
Agents and business managers of artists, performers, and athletes.............................................................
Buyers and purchasing agents......................................................................................................................
Claims adjusters, appraisers, examiners, and investigators..........................................................................
Claims adjusters, examiners, and investigators.......................................................................................
Insurance appraisers, auto damage.........................................................................................................
Compliance officers......................................................................................................................................
Cost estimators............................................................................................................................................
Human resources workers............................................................................................................................
Human resources specialists...................................................................................................................
Farm labor contractors............................................................................................................................
Labor relations specialists........................................................................................................................
Logisticians...................................................................................................................................................
Management analysts...................................................................................................................................
Meeting, convention, and event planners......................................................................................................
Fundraisers...................................................................................................................................................
Compensation, benefits, and job analysis specialists....................................................................................
Training and development specialists...........................................................................................................
Market research analysts and marketing specialists.....................................................................................
Business operations specialists, all other......................................................................................................
Financial specialists...........................................................................................................................................
Accountants and auditors..............................................................................................................................
Appraisers and assessors of real estate.......................................................................................................
Budget analysts............................................................................................................................................
Credit analysts..............................................................................................................................................
Financial analysts and advisors.....................................................................................................................
Financial analysts....................................................................................................................................
Personal financial advisors......................................................................................................................
Insurance underwriters............................................................................................................................
Financial examiners......................................................................................................................................
Credit counselors and loan officers...............................................................................................................
Credit counselors.....................................................................................................................................
Loan officers............................................................................................................................................
Tax examiners, collectors and preparers, and revenue agents.....................................................................
Tax examiners and collectors, and revenue agents.................................................................................

7,721,300
5,022,640
14,830
407,410
302,930
287,730
15,200
300,900
211,600
671,140
593,790
200
77,140
169,820
684,470
110,120
75,700
83,550
291,380
638,200
1,060,580
2,698,660
1,259,930
57,900
52,810
74,820
602,500
306,200
200,260
96,040
58,590
340,690
35,740
304,950
122,640
54,550

36.98
35.52
43.72
32.47
32.42
32.47
31.50
34.86
33.52
32.32
32.11
25.45
34.01
37.85
45.38
25.83
29.62
32.65
31.31
34.11
37.00
39.69
37.89
29.75
38.38
39.57
50.03
48.55
58.54
36.96
43.42
35.33
23.95
36.67
25.45
29.09

76,910
73,890
90,930
67,530
67,440
67,540
65,510
72,520
69,710
67,240
66,790
52,930
70,730
78,730
94,390
53,730
61,610
67,910
65,120
70,960
76,960
82,550
78,820
61,870
79,830
82,300
104,050
100,990
121,770
76,880
90,310
73,490
49,820
76,270
52,930
60,500

32.86
32.27
31.75
30.17
31.57
31.68
30.06
33.10
30.79
29.52
29.27
22.19
32.59
35.86
40.20
23.74
27.38
30.29
29.26
30.35
33.91
34.02
33.89
26.43
36.65
34.38
39.84
41.18
42.73
33.36
38.55
29.11
21.72
30.31
22.92
26.17

See footnotes at end of table.

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, May 2018- Continued
Mean wages
Occupation

Employment

Hourly

Annual¹

Median
hourly
wages

Business and financial operations occupations (Continued)
Tax preparers..........................................................................................................................................
Financial specialists, all other........................................................................................................................

68,090
128,760

$22.53
37.30

$46,860
77,580

$18.94
33.79

Computer and mathematical occupations
Computer occupations.......................................................................................................................................
Computer and information research scientists..............................................................................................
Computer and information analysts...............................................................................................................
Computer systems analysts.....................................................................................................................
Information security analysts....................................................................................................................
Software developers and programmers........................................................................................................
Computer programmers..........................................................................................................................
Software developers, applications............................................................................................................
Software developers, systems software...................................................................................................
Web developers......................................................................................................................................
Database and systems administrators and network architects......................................................................
Database administrators..........................................................................................................................
Network and computer systems administrators........................................................................................
Computer network architects...................................................................................................................
Computer support specialists........................................................................................................................
Computer user support specialists...........................................................................................................
Computer network support specialists.....................................................................................................
Computer occupations, all other....................................................................................................................
Mathematical science occupations.....................................................................................................................
Actuaries......................................................................................................................................................
Mathematicians.............................................................................................................................................
Operations research analysts.......................................................................................................................
Statisticians..................................................................................................................................................
Miscellaneous mathematical science occupations.........................................................................................

4,384,300
4,214,820
30,070
696,030
587,970
108,060
1,666,270
230,470
903,160
405,330
127,300
629,020
110,090
366,250
152,670
812,060
630,700
181,360
381,380
169,480
20,760
2,580
104,200
39,920
2,010

44.01
43.98
59.54
45.67
45.01
49.26
50.23
43.07
51.96
54.81
36.34
45.09
44.25
41.86
53.43
27.86
26.46
32.72
44.88
44.63
55.89
50.42
42.48
44.52
34.80

91,530
91,480
123,850
94,990
93,610
102,470
104,480
89,580
108,080
114,000
75,580
93,780
92,030
87,070
111,130
57,950
55,050
68,050
93,350
92,830
116,250
104,870
88,350
92,600
72,390

41.51
41.50
56.91
43.31
42.66
47.28
48.04
40.52
49.82
52.89
33.38
42.79
43.31
39.45
52.41
25.70
24.51
30.18
43.40
41.68
49.46
48.99
40.09
42.20
27.50

Architecture and engineering occupations
Architects, surveyors, and cartographers...........................................................................................................
Architects, except naval................................................................................................................................
Architects, except landscape and naval...................................................................................................
Landscape architects...............................................................................................................................
Surveyors, cartographers, and photogrammetrists.......................................................................................
Cartographers and photogrammetrists....................................................................................................
Surveyors................................................................................................................................................
Engineers..........................................................................................................................................................
Aerospace engineers....................................................................................................................................
Agricultural engineers...................................................................................................................................
Biomedical engineers....................................................................................................................................
Chemical engineers......................................................................................................................................
Civil engineers..............................................................................................................................................
Computer hardware engineers......................................................................................................................
Electrical and electronics engineers..............................................................................................................
Electrical engineers.................................................................................................................................
Electronics engineers, except computer..................................................................................................
Environmental engineers..............................................................................................................................
Industrial engineers, including health and safety............................................................................................
Health and safety engineers, except mining safety engineers and inspectors...........................................
Industrial engineers..................................................................................................................................
Marine engineers and naval architects..........................................................................................................
Materials engineers.......................................................................................................................................
Mechanical engineers...................................................................................................................................
Mining and geological engineers, including mining safety engineers..............................................................
Nuclear engineers.........................................................................................................................................
Petroleum engineers.....................................................................................................................................
Engineers, all other.......................................................................................................................................
Drafters, engineering technicians, and mapping technicians...............................................................................
Drafters........................................................................................................................................................
Architectural and civil drafters..................................................................................................................
Electrical and electronics drafters............................................................................................................
Mechanical drafters.................................................................................................................................
Drafters, all other.....................................................................................................................................
Engineering technicians, except drafters.......................................................................................................
Aerospace engineering and operations technicians..................................................................................
Civil engineering technicians....................................................................................................................
Electrical and electronics engineering technicians....................................................................................
Electro-mechanical technicians................................................................................................................
Environmental engineering technicians....................................................................................................
Industrial engineering technicians............................................................................................................
Mechanical engineering technicians.........................................................................................................
Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other...................................................................................
Surveying and mapping technicians...............................................................................................................

2,556,220
179,380
123,020
104,360
18,660
56,360
11,050
45,310
1,700,880
63,960
1,630
18,970
32,060
306,030
60,750
320,610
186,490
134,110
53,070
305,780
26,230
279,550
11,350
26,930
303,440
5,780
15,980
32,510
142,030
675,960
193,260
97,610
24,900
56,170
14,580
430,400
10,110
71,150
126,950
13,520
17,310
66,540
41,460
83,360
52,300

42.01
38.61
41.58
42.72
35.17
32.12
32.86
31.94
47.71
56.30
38.03
45.72
55.03
45.06
56.66
50.12
48.85
51.89
44.54
44.14
45.01
44.05
47.58
46.60
44.62
47.32
53.26
75.18
47.80
28.56
27.97
27.26
30.96
28.37
26.08
29.51
33.16
26.29
31.27
28.96
26.34
28.30
28.00
31.60
22.93

87,370
80,300
86,480
88,860
73,160
66,810
68,340
66,440
99,230
117,100
79,090
95,090
114,470
93,720
117,840
104,250
101,600
107,930
92,640
91,800
93,630
91,630
98,970
96,930
92,800
98,420
110,790
156,370
99,410
59,410
58,180
56,700
64,400
59,010
54,240
61,380
68,970
54,670
65,050
60,240
54,800
58,860
58,240
65,720
47,690

38.55
35.20
37.37
38.16
32.80
30.27
30.98
30.09
44.75
55.39
37.07
42.57
50.44
41.65
55.10
47.63
46.46
49.37
42.13
41.92
42.85
41.84
44.50
44.42
42.00
44.35
51.73
65.95
46.62
27.32
26.71
26.40
28.88
26.89
24.93
28.37
32.22
25.28
30.93
27.78
24.31
26.66
27.04
30.38
21.34

Life, physical, and social science occupations
Life scientists.....................................................................................................................................................
Agricultural and food scientists......................................................................................................................
Animal scientists......................................................................................................................................

1,171,910
304,750
30,880
2,530

36.62
41.56
34.24
32.54

76,160
86,450
71,230
67,690

31.77
36.47
30.78
28.07

See footnotes at end of table.

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, May 2018- Continued
Mean wages
Occupation

Employment

Hourly

Annual¹

Median
hourly
wages

Life, physical, and social science occupations (Continued)
Food scientists and technologists............................................................................................................
Soil and plant scientists...........................................................................................................................
Biological scientists.......................................................................................................................................
Biochemists and biophysicists.................................................................................................................
Microbiologists.........................................................................................................................................
Zoologists and wildlife biologists..............................................................................................................
Biological scientists, all other...................................................................................................................
Conservation scientists and foresters...........................................................................................................
Conservation scientists............................................................................................................................
Foresters.................................................................................................................................................
Medical scientists..........................................................................................................................................
Epidemiologists.......................................................................................................................................
Medical scientists, except epidemiologists...............................................................................................
Life scientists, all other..................................................................................................................................
Physical scientists..............................................................................................................................................
Astronomers and physicists..........................................................................................................................
Astronomers............................................................................................................................................
Physicists................................................................................................................................................
Atmospheric and space scientists.................................................................................................................
Chemists and materials scientists.................................................................................................................
Chemists.................................................................................................................................................
Materials scientists..................................................................................................................................
Environmental scientists and geoscientists...................................................................................................
Environmental scientists and specialists, including health........................................................................
Geoscientists, except hydrologists and geographers...............................................................................
Hydrologists.............................................................................................................................................
Physical scientists, all other..........................................................................................................................
Social scientists and related workers.................................................................................................................
Economists...................................................................................................................................................
Survey researchers.......................................................................................................................................
Psychologists................................................................................................................................................
Clinical, counseling, and school psychologists.........................................................................................
Industrial-organizational psychologists.....................................................................................................
Psychologists, all other............................................................................................................................
Sociologists..................................................................................................................................................
Urban and regional planners.........................................................................................................................
Miscellaneous social scientists and related workers......................................................................................
Anthropologists and archeologists...........................................................................................................
Geographers...........................................................................................................................................
Historians................................................................................................................................................
Political scientists....................................................................................................................................
Social scientists and related workers, all other.........................................................................................
Life, physical, and social science technicians.....................................................................................................
Agricultural and food science technicians......................................................................................................
Biological technicians....................................................................................................................................
Chemical technicians....................................................................................................................................
Geological and petroleum technicians...........................................................................................................
Nuclear technicians.......................................................................................................................................
Social science research assistants...............................................................................................................
Miscellaneous life, physical, and social science technicians..........................................................................
Environmental science and protection technicians, including health..........................................................
Forensic science technicians...................................................................................................................
Forest and conservation technicians........................................................................................................
Life, physical, and social science technicians, all other.............................................................................

13,330
15,010
109,040
28,500
20,030
17,860
42,640
30,600
22,200
8,410
127,380
7,060
120,320
6,850
254,790
19,770
2,160
17,620
9,310
92,300
84,560
7,730
116,020
80,480
29,260
6,290
17,380
247,290
18,650
11,690
124,750
110,490
780
13,480
2,710
37,840
51,640
6,020
1,390
3,040
5,660
35,530
365,080
21,290
77,450
65,500
15,060
7,230
34,550
144,010
32,600
15,970
30,220
65,220

$34.89
33.96
41.54
50.93
39.02
32.58
40.19
31.12
31.40
30.36
45.80
36.39
46.36
42.86
43.49
59.48
53.41
60.23
45.95
41.06
40.31
49.25
41.10
37.30
51.83
39.81
52.93
41.30
55.78
30.40
41.63
41.03
52.42
45.97
43.41
36.65
41.02
31.40
38.72
31.91
55.43
41.22
24.52
21.24
23.10
24.84
30.23
38.45
24.24
24.38
24.21
30.05
19.28
25.45

$72,570
70,630
86,390
105,940
81,150
67,760
83,600
64,720
65,320
63,150
95,270
75,690
96,420
89,150
90,470
123,730
111,090
125,280
95,580
85,400
83,850
102,450
85,480
77,580
107,800
82,790
110,090
85,900
116,020
63,240
86,600
85,340
109,030
95,610
90,290
76,240
85,320
65,310
80,530
66,380
115,300
85,750
50,990
44,170
48,060
51,670
62,890
79,970
50,420
50,720
50,350
62,490
40,110
52,940

$31.39
30.74
37.29
44.85
34.45
30.49
38.27
29.49
29.48
29.53
40.16
33.49
40.77
37.59
38.89
57.49
50.81
58.15
45.25
37.66
36.97
47.98
36.34
34.20
43.81
38.16
51.55
37.81
50.16
27.74
37.99
37.01
46.76
48.45
39.45
35.12
38.68
30.01
38.60
29.40
56.52
39.11
22.47
19.65
21.39
23.15
25.62
38.05
22.42
22.54
22.20
27.99
17.88
23.88

Community and social service occupations
Counselors, social workers, and other community and social service specialists................................................
Counselors...................................................................................................................................................
Educational, guidance, school, and vocational counselors.......................................................................
Marriage and family therapists.................................................................................................................
Rehabilitation counselors.........................................................................................................................
Substance abuse, behavioral disorder, and mental health counselors......................................................
Counselors, all other................................................................................................................................
Social workers..............................................................................................................................................
Child, family, and school social workers...................................................................................................
Healthcare social workers........................................................................................................................
Mental health and substance abuse social workers..................................................................................
Social workers, all other...........................................................................................................................
Miscellaneous community and social service specialists...............................................................................
Health educators.....................................................................................................................................
Probation officers and correctional treatment specialists..........................................................................
Social and human service assistants.......................................................................................................
Community health workers.......................................................................................................................
Community and social service specialists, all other..................................................................................
Religious workers..............................................................................................................................................
Clergy...........................................................................................................................................................
Directors, religious activities and education...................................................................................................
Religious workers, all other...........................................................................................................................

2,171,820
2,090,700
735,100
285,460
48,520
106,860
267,730
26,530
662,550
320,170
168,190
116,750
57,440
693,040
58,780
87,660
392,300
56,130
98,170
81,120
50,960
21,700
8,460

23.69
23.69
24.96
28.93
26.03
19.20
23.04
22.95
25.51
23.92
28.11
23.86
30.12
20.59
28.68
28.27
17.22
20.90
22.14
23.94
25.62
22.59
17.24

49,280
49,270
51,920
60,160
54,150
39,930
47,920
47,740
53,060
49,760
58,470
49,630
62,660
42,820
59,660
58,790
35,830
43,480
46,050
49,790
53,290
46,980
35,860

21.62
21.62
22.98
27.07
24.08
17.13
21.46
20.26
23.79
22.24
27.02
21.56
30.35
18.35
26.07
25.49
16.22
19.01
20.49
21.62
23.55
19.62
14.33

See footnotes at end of table.

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, May 2018- Continued
Mean wages
Occupation

Employment

Hourly

Annual¹

Median
hourly
wages

Legal occupations
Lawyers, judges, and related workers................................................................................................................
Lawyers and judicial law clerks.....................................................................................................................
Lawyers...................................................................................................................................................
Judicial law clerks....................................................................................................................................
Judges, magistrates, and other judicial workers............................................................................................
Administrative law judges, adjudicators, and hearing officers...................................................................
Arbitrators, mediators, and conciliators....................................................................................................
Judges, magistrate judges, and magistrates............................................................................................
Legal support workers.......................................................................................................................................
Paralegals and legal assistants.....................................................................................................................
Miscellaneous legal support workers.............................................................................................................
Court reporters........................................................................................................................................
Title examiners, abstractors, and searchers............................................................................................
Legal support workers, all other...............................................................................................................

1,127,900
708,140
659,090
642,750
16,350
49,040
14,280
6,240
28,520
419,770
309,940
109,820
14,490
52,180
43,150

$52.25
67.23
68.33
69.34
28.63
52.49
48.66
34.98
58.23
26.98
26.20
29.19
30.00
24.70
34.34

$108,690
139,850
142,130
144,230
59,540
109,170
101,210
72,760
121,130
56,130
54,500
60,710
62,390
51,380
71,420

$38.85
56.68
57.00
58.13
25.74
52.05
48.00
29.94
64.39
24.72
24.49
25.40
27.48
22.66
28.33

Education, training, and library occupations
Postsecondary teachers....................................................................................................................................
Business teachers, postsecondary................................................................................................................
Math and computer teachers, postsecondary................................................................................................
Computer science teachers, postsecondary............................................................................................
Mathematical science teachers, postsecondary.......................................................................................
Engineering and architecture teachers, postsecondary.................................................................................
Architecture teachers, postsecondary......................................................................................................
Engineering teachers, postsecondary......................................................................................................
Life sciences teachers, postsecondary.........................................................................................................
Agricultural sciences teachers, postsecondary.........................................................................................
Biological science teachers, postsecondary.............................................................................................
Forestry and conservation science teachers, postsecondary...................................................................
Physical sciences teachers, postsecondary..................................................................................................
Atmospheric, earth, marine, and space sciences teachers, postsecondary..............................................
Chemistry teachers, postsecondary.........................................................................................................
Environmental science teachers, postsecondary......................................................................................
Physics teachers, postsecondary.............................................................................................................
Social sciences teachers, postsecondary......................................................................................................
Anthropology and archeology teachers, postsecondary............................................................................
Area, ethnic, and cultural studies teachers, postsecondary......................................................................
Economics teachers, postsecondary.......................................................................................................
Geography teachers, postsecondary.......................................................................................................
Political science teachers, postsecondary................................................................................................
Psychology teachers, postsecondary.......................................................................................................
Sociology teachers, postsecondary..........................................................................................................
Social sciences teachers, postsecondary, all other..................................................................................
Health teachers, postsecondary....................................................................................................................
Health specialties teachers, postsecondary.............................................................................................
Nursing instructors and teachers, postsecondary.....................................................................................
Education and library science teachers, postsecondary................................................................................
Education teachers, postsecondary.........................................................................................................
Library science teachers, postsecondary.................................................................................................
Law, criminal justice, and social work teachers, postsecondary....................................................................
Criminal justice and law enforcement teachers, postsecondary................................................................
Law teachers, postsecondary..................................................................................................................
Social work teachers, postsecondary.......................................................................................................
Arts, communications, and humanities teachers, postsecondary...................................................................
Art, drama, and music teachers, postsecondary......................................................................................
Communications teachers, postsecondary...............................................................................................
English language and literature teachers, postsecondary.........................................................................
Foreign language and literature teachers, postsecondary........................................................................
History teachers, postsecondary..............................................................................................................
Philosophy and religion teachers, postsecondary.....................................................................................
Miscellaneous postsecondary teachers.........................................................................................................
Graduate teaching assistants...................................................................................................................
Home economics teachers, postsecondary.............................................................................................
Recreation and fitness studies teachers, postsecondary..........................................................................
Vocational education teachers, postsecondary........................................................................................
Postsecondary teachers, all other............................................................................................................
Preschool, primary, secondary, and special education school teachers..............................................................
Preschool and kindergarten teachers............................................................................................................
Preschool teachers, except special education..........................................................................................
Kindergarten teachers, except special education.....................................................................................
Elementary and middle school teachers........................................................................................................
Elementary school teachers, except special education.............................................................................
Middle school teachers, except special and career/technical education....................................................
Career/technical education teachers, middle school.................................................................................
Secondary school teachers...........................................................................................................................
Secondary school teachers, except special and career/technical education.............................................
Career/technical education teachers, secondary school...........................................................................
Special education teachers...........................................................................................................................
Special education teachers, preschool.....................................................................................................
Special education teachers, kindergarten and elementary school.............................................................
Special education teachers, middle school...............................................................................................

8,779,780
1,517,100
84,230
83,690
32,430
51,250
44,420
6,880
37,530
64,660
10,810
51,770
2,070
52,160
11,020
21,370
6,040
13,730
117,510
5,890
9,850
12,750
3,960
15,890
37,630
13,870
17,670
255,190
199,480
55,710
65,570
60,930
4,650
44,500
14,890
16,990
12,620
260,960
94,310
29,100
68,360
25,590
20,510
23,100
444,210
131,490
2,080
16,490
110,400
183,750
4,193,290
555,680
424,520
131,160
2,032,880
1,410,970
609,970
11,940
1,129,040
1,051,570
77,460
475,700
23,480
185,190
87,870

27.22
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
28.14
(²)
(²)
19.26
16.54
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)

56,620
85,190
103,330
90,650
96,200
87,140
111,450
99,320
113,680
96,110
90,890
97,340
92,550
97,280
101,890
92,360
91,330
103,830
92,440
94,080
85,450
117,180
88,950
99,480
88,490
83,310
87,950
113,370
122,320
81,350
73,800
73,680
75,450
96,110
72,390
130,710
77,520
80,670
82,560
78,090
78,150
79,160
83,990
82,420
60,200
36,390
77,170
72,190
58,520
76,990
59,980
40,070
34,410
58,370
62,150
62,200
62,030
62,570
64,230
64,340
62,810
63,890
61,610
63,110
64,390

23.89
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
25.54
(²)
(²)
16.33
14.32
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)

See footnotes at end of table.

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, May 2018- Continued
Mean wages
Occupation

Employment

Hourly

Annual¹

Median
hourly
wages

Education, training, and library occupations (Continued)
Special education teachers, secondary school.........................................................................................
Special education teachers, all other........................................................................................................
Other teachers and instructors...........................................................................................................................
Adult basic and secondary education and literacy teachers and instructors...................................................
Self-enrichment education teachers..............................................................................................................
Miscellaneous teachers and instructors.........................................................................................................
Substitute teachers..................................................................................................................................
Teachers and instructors, all other, except substitute teachers................................................................
Librarians, curators, and archivists.....................................................................................................................
Archivists, curators, and museum technicians...............................................................................................
Archivists.................................................................................................................................................
Curators..................................................................................................................................................
Museum technicians and conservators....................................................................................................
Librarians......................................................................................................................................................
Library technicians........................................................................................................................................
Other education, training, and library occupations..............................................................................................
Audio-visual and multimedia collections specialists.......................................................................................
Farm and home management advisors.........................................................................................................
Instructional coordinators..............................................................................................................................
Teacher assistants.......................................................................................................................................
Education, training, and library workers, all other..........................................................................................

142,360
36,800
1,203,570
57,750
243,080
902,740
587,240
315,510
246,200
31,760
6,370
12,280
13,100
125,750
88,690
1,619,610
9,540
8,020
163,900
1,331,560
106,590

(²)
(²)
19.35
27.94
21.62
18.19
15.56
(²)
24.66
25.61
27.12
28.12
22.53
29.58
17.34
(²)
25.13
25.33
32.45
(²)
22.44

$65,320
62,500
40,250
58,110
44,960
37,840
32,360
48,040
51,290
53,280
56,400
58,490
46,870
61,530
36,080
34,110
52,270
52,700
67,490
28,750
46,680

(²)
(²)
15.89
25.79
18.62
14.83
13.79
(²)
23.08
23.27
25.11
25.86
20.68
28.39
16.37
(²)
23.85
23.96
30.98
(²)
20.23

Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations
Art and design workers......................................................................................................................................
Artists and related workers...........................................................................................................................
Art directors.............................................................................................................................................
Craft artists..............................................................................................................................................
Fine artists, including painters, sculptors, and illustrators.........................................................................
Multimedia artists and animators..............................................................................................................
Artists and related workers, all other........................................................................................................
Designers.....................................................................................................................................................
Commercial and industrial designers.......................................................................................................
Fashion designers...................................................................................................................................
Floral designers.......................................................................................................................................
Graphic designers...................................................................................................................................
Interior designers.....................................................................................................................................
Merchandise displayers and window trimmers.........................................................................................
Set and exhibit designers.........................................................................................................................
Designers, all other..................................................................................................................................
Entertainers and performers, sports and related workers...................................................................................
Actors, producers, and directors...................................................................................................................
Actors......................................................................................................................................................
Producers and directors...........................................................................................................................
Athletes, coaches, umpires, and related workers..........................................................................................
Athletes and sports competitors...............................................................................................................
Coaches and scouts................................................................................................................................
Umpires, referees, and other sports officials............................................................................................
Dancers and choreographers........................................................................................................................
Dancers...................................................................................................................................................
Choreographers.......................................................................................................................................
Musicians, singers, and related workers.......................................................................................................
Music directors and composers...............................................................................................................
Musicians and singers.............................................................................................................................
Entertainers and performers, sports and related workers, all other................................................................
Media and communication workers....................................................................................................................
Announcers..................................................................................................................................................
Radio and television announcers..............................................................................................................
Public address system and other announcers..........................................................................................
News analysts, reporters and correspondents..............................................................................................
Broadcast news analysts.........................................................................................................................
Reporters and correspondents.................................................................................................................
Public relations specialists............................................................................................................................
Writers and editors.......................................................................................................................................
Editors.....................................................................................................................................................
Technical writers......................................................................................................................................
Writers and authors.................................................................................................................................
Miscellaneous media and communication workers........................................................................................
Interpreters and translators......................................................................................................................
Media and communication workers, all other............................................................................................
Media and communication equipment workers...................................................................................................
Broadcast and sound engineering technicians and radio operators...............................................................
Audio and video equipment technicians...................................................................................................
Broadcast technicians..............................................................................................................................
Radio operators.......................................................................................................................................
Sound engineering technicians.................................................................................................................
Photographers..............................................................................................................................................
Television, video, and motion picture camera operators and editors.............................................................
Camera operators, television, video, and motion picture..........................................................................

1,951,170
610,180
90,990
40,210
3,980
11,620
28,560
6,620
519,180
33,200
19,750
43,360
217,810
57,070
128,960
10,590
8,450
515,310
166,060
47,430
118,630
266,860
10,800
236,970
19,090
14,810
9,720
5,090
53,840
12,160
41,680
13,740
586,190
35,260
27,780
7,480
43,030
5,890
37,140
239,030
191,320
95,750
50,350
45,210
77,560
57,140
20,420
239,490
121,890
75,940
31,580
870
13,510
49,560
49,240
21,080

28.74
26.55
40.83
50.29
19.47
28.06
37.61
32.55
24.05
34.34
42.12
13.90
26.29
28.42
15.31
29.34
32.99
28.80
39.24
29.34
43.19
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
22.44
20.70
25.75
35.53
28.75
37.51
21.53
31.72
23.54
24.82
18.77
29.10
44.23
26.70
32.90
34.58
33.41
36.30
35.14
26.20
26.55
25.21
26.91
24.02
23.53
22.48
21.49
30.53
20.56
36.58
29.69

59,780
55,230
84,930
104,590
40,490
58,370
78,230
67,700
50,020
71,430
87,610
28,900
54,680
59,120
31,850
61,020
68,610
59,900
81,610
(²)
89,840
45,080
87,030
43,870
36,440
46,670
(²)
53,560
(²)
59,790
(²)
(²)
65,980
48,960
51,630
39,040
60,530
91,990
55,530
68,440
71,920
69,480
75,500
73,090
54,490
55,230
52,430
55,970
49,960
48,940
46,770
44,710
63,500
42,770
76,090
61,750

23.70
22.43
36.34
44.60
16.46
23.74
34.87
31.44
20.66
32.01
34.96
13.08
24.21
25.66
13.68
26.09
29.12
20.64
29.40
17.54
34.46
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
18.17
16.31
22.98
26.84
23.86
28.15
15.94
27.66
15.38
15.97
13.33
20.91
32.15
19.84
28.85
30.53
28.60
34.54
29.89
23.84
24.00
23.24
22.24
20.98
21.04
19.27
20.30
25.19
16.35
28.36
26.24

See footnotes at end of table.

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, May 2018- Continued
Mean wages
Occupation

Employment

Hourly

Annual¹

Median
hourly
wages

Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations (Continued)
Film and video editors..............................................................................................................................
Media and communication equipment workers, all other...............................................................................

28,160
18,790

$41.75
37.06

$86,830
77,080

$30.12
38.26

Healthcare practitioners and technical occupations
Health diagnosing and treating practitioners.......................................................................................................
Chiropractors................................................................................................................................................
Dentists........................................................................................................................................................
Dentists, general......................................................................................................................................
Oral and maxillofacial surgeons...............................................................................................................
Orthodontists...........................................................................................................................................
Prosthodontists........................................................................................................................................
Dentists, all other specialists....................................................................................................................
Dietitians and nutritionists.............................................................................................................................
Optometrists.................................................................................................................................................
Pharmacists..................................................................................................................................................
Physicians and surgeons..............................................................................................................................
Anesthesiologists.....................................................................................................................................
Family and general practitioners..............................................................................................................
Internists, general....................................................................................................................................
Obstetricians and gynecologists..............................................................................................................
Pediatricians, general..............................................................................................................................
Psychiatrists............................................................................................................................................
Surgeons.................................................................................................................................................
Physicians and surgeons, all other...........................................................................................................
Physician assistants......................................................................................................................................
Podiatrists.....................................................................................................................................................
Therapists.....................................................................................................................................................
Occupational therapists...........................................................................................................................
Physical therapists...................................................................................................................................
Radiation therapists.................................................................................................................................
Recreational therapists............................................................................................................................
Respiratory therapists..............................................................................................................................
Speech-language pathologists.................................................................................................................
Exercise physiologists.............................................................................................................................
Therapists, all other.................................................................................................................................
Veterinarians................................................................................................................................................
Registered nurses........................................................................................................................................
Nurse anesthetists........................................................................................................................................
Nurse midwives............................................................................................................................................
Nurse practitioners........................................................................................................................................
Audiologists..................................................................................................................................................
Health diagnosing and treating practitioners, all other...................................................................................
Health technologists and technicians..................................................................................................................
Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians...........................................................................................
Dental hygienists...........................................................................................................................................
Diagnostic related technologists and technicians..........................................................................................
Cardiovascular technologists and technicians..........................................................................................
Diagnostic medical sonographers............................................................................................................
Nuclear medicine technologists................................................................................................................
Radiologic technologists..........................................................................................................................
Magnetic resonance imaging technologists..............................................................................................
Emergency medical technicians and paramedics..........................................................................................
Health practitioner support technologists and technicians..............................................................................
Dietetic technicians..................................................................................................................................
Pharmacy technicians..............................................................................................................................
Psychiatric technicians.............................................................................................................................
Respiratory therapy technicians...............................................................................................................
Surgical technologists..............................................................................................................................
Veterinary technologists and technicians..................................................................................................
Ophthalmic medical technicians...............................................................................................................
Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses........................................................................................
Medical records and health information technicians.......................................................................................
Opticians, dispensing....................................................................................................................................
Miscellaneous health technologists and technicians......................................................................................
Orthotists and prosthetists.......................................................................................................................
Hearing aid specialists.............................................................................................................................
Health technologists and technicians, all other.........................................................................................
Other healthcare practitioners and technical occupations...................................................................................
Occupational health and safety specialists and technicians...........................................................................
Occupational health and safety specialists...............................................................................................
Occupational health and safety technicians..............................................................................................
Miscellaneous health practitioners and technical workers..............................................................................
Athletic trainers........................................................................................................................................
Genetic counselors..................................................................................................................................
Healthcare practitioners and technical workers, all other..........................................................................

8,646,730
5,367,930
34,740
128,060
113,000
4,830
5,350
380
4,490
64,670
37,220
309,550
679,280
31,060
114,130
37,820
18,590
28,490
25,630
34,390
389,180
114,710
9,500
687,790
126,900
228,600
18,260
18,840
129,600
146,900
6,740
11,950
71,060
2,951,960
43,520
6,250
179,650
13,300
36,680
3,110,180
321,220
215,150
390,630
56,560
71,130
18,810
205,590
38,540
257,210
801,590
33,540
417,860
71,360
9,090
110,160
106,680
52,890
701,690
208,650
72,250
141,790
8,830
7,680
125,270
168,630
106,410
88,390
18,020
62,210
26,890
2,640
32,680

39.42
49.02
41.28
86.82
84.54
116.52
108.54
92.02
85.96
29.43
57.68
59.45
101.43
128.38
101.82
94.47
114.58
88.10
105.95
122.65
98.02
52.13
71.26
38.24
41.04
42.73
41.70
24.34
30.05
38.80
26.33
27.73
50.59
36.30
84.03
51.40
52.90
39.52
41.16
23.26
25.91
36.30
31.38
28.24
35.51
37.92
29.59
34.73
18.15
17.76
14.49
16.35
18.15
24.70
23.58
17.10
18.38
22.62
21.16
19.20
23.82
35.51
26.75
22.81
32.01
34.43
36.03
26.57
27.89
(²)
38.88
30.45

82,000
101,960
85,870
180,590
175,840
242,370
225,760
191,400
178,800
61,210
119,980
123,670
210,980
267,020
211,780
196,490
238,320
183,240
220,380
255,110
203,880
108,430
148,220
79,530
85,350
88,880
86,730
50,640
62,500
80,700
54,760
57,680
105,240
75,510
174,790
106,910
110,030
82,210
85,600
48,380
53,880
75,500
65,260
58,730
73,860
78,870
61,540
72,230
37,760
36,930
30,130
34,020
37,760
51,380
49,040
35,560
38,220
47,050
44,010
39,930
49,540
73,860
55,650
47,450
66,590
71,610
74,940
55,270
58,000
49,280
80,860
63,340

31.94
38.94
34.33
75.12
73.00
(³)
(³)
84.88
70.66
29.02
53.75
60.64
(³)
(³)
96.68
93.51
(³)
82.00
(³)
(³)
96.58
52.22
62.28
37.23
40.51
42.27
39.58
23.01
28.98
37.26
23.69
24.51
45.11
34.48
80.75
49.89
51.46
36.50
35.56
21.49
25.16
35.97
30.60
27.33
34.86
36.93
28.62
34.46
16.50
16.70
13.05
15.72
15.80
24.62
22.74
16.55
17.56
22.23
19.40
17.80
21.43
33.23
25.37
20.63
30.01
33.35
35.11
24.41
24.35
(²)
38.64
26.26

Healthcare support occupations
Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides......................................................................................................
Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides.................................................................................................

4,117,450
2,355,640
2,355,640

15.57
13.55
13.55

32,380
28,180
28,180

14.30
12.89
12.89

See footnotes at end of table.

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, May 2018- Continued
Mean wages
Occupation

Employment

Hourly

Annual¹

Median
hourly
wages

Healthcare support occupations (Continued)
Home health aides...................................................................................................................................
Psychiatric aides......................................................................................................................................
Nursing assistants...................................................................................................................................
Orderlies..................................................................................................................................................
Occupational therapy and physical therapist assistants and aides......................................................................
Occupational therapy assistants and aides...................................................................................................
Occupational therapy assistants..............................................................................................................
Occupational therapy aides......................................................................................................................
Physical therapist assistants and aides.........................................................................................................
Physical therapist assistants....................................................................................................................
Physical therapist aides...........................................................................................................................
Other healthcare support occupations................................................................................................................
Massage therapists......................................................................................................................................
Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations..............................................................................................
Dental assistants.....................................................................................................................................
Medical assistants...................................................................................................................................
Medical equipment preparers...................................................................................................................
Medical transcriptionists...........................................................................................................................
Pharmacy aides.......................................................................................................................................
Veterinary assistants and laboratory animal caretakers...........................................................................
Phlebotomists..........................................................................................................................................
Healthcare support workers, all other.......................................................................................................

797,670
56,910
1,450,960
50,100
191,870
50,360
42,660
7,700
141,510
94,250
47,260
1,569,940
105,160
1,464,780
341,060
673,660
55,610
53,730
36,970
89,480
125,280
88,990

$12.18
14.95
14.22
14.35
24.10
27.00
29.04
15.66
23.07
27.77
13.70
17.55
22.06
17.23
19.12
16.61
18.27
17.48
14.03
13.79
17.10
18.80

$25,330
31,090
29,580
29,840
50,130
56,150
60,410
32,580
47,980
57,750
28,500
36,500
45,880
35,830
39,770
34,540
37,990
36,350
29,190
28,690
35,560
39,110

$11.63
14.03
13.72
13.49
24.86
27.70
28.95
13.54
23.12
27.91
12.62
16.75
19.92
16.63
18.59
16.16
17.42
16.72
12.72
13.24
16.58
18.19

Protective service occupations
Supervisors of protective service workers..........................................................................................................
First-line supervisors of law enforcement workers.........................................................................................
First-line supervisors of correctional officers............................................................................................
First-line supervisors of police and detectives..........................................................................................
First-line supervisors of fire fighting and prevention workers.........................................................................
First-line supervisors of protective service workers, all other.........................................................................
Fire fighting and prevention workers...................................................................................................................
Firefighters...................................................................................................................................................
Fire inspectors..............................................................................................................................................
Fire inspectors and investigators.............................................................................................................
Forest fire inspectors and prevention specialists......................................................................................
Law enforcement workers..................................................................................................................................
Bailiffs, correctional officers, and jailers........................................................................................................
Bailiffs......................................................................................................................................................
Correctional officers and jailers................................................................................................................
Detectives and criminal investigators............................................................................................................
Fish and game wardens................................................................................................................................
Parking enforcement workers.......................................................................................................................
Police officers...............................................................................................................................................
Police and sheriff's patrol officers.............................................................................................................
Transit and railroad police........................................................................................................................
Other protective service workers.......................................................................................................................
Animal control workers..................................................................................................................................
Private detectives and investigators..............................................................................................................
Security guards and gaming surveillance officers..........................................................................................
Gaming surveillance officers and gaming investigators............................................................................
Security guards........................................................................................................................................
Miscellaneous protective service workers.....................................................................................................
Crossing guards......................................................................................................................................
Lifeguards, ski patrol, and other recreational protective service workers..................................................
Transportation security screeners............................................................................................................
Protective service workers, all other........................................................................................................

3,437,410
304,940
160,410
43,760
116,660
65,920
78,610
336,230
321,570
14,660
12,530
2,130
1,217,260
433,900
18,900
415,000
103,450
6,040
8,070
665,800
661,330
4,470
1,578,980
12,080
30,990
1,124,610
10,230
1,114,380
411,300
79,880
144,370
45,250
141,790

23.36
36.72
41.51
32.86
44.76
38.61
25.35
25.78
25.60
29.82
30.84
23.85
29.42
23.71
23.97
23.70
40.88
28.49
20.29
31.47
31.44
35.79
15.59
18.51
27.31
15.43
17.41
15.41
15.06
15.37
11.74
20.13
16.66

48,580
76,380
86,350
68,350
93,100
80,310
52,730
53,630
53,240
62,030
64,140
49,610
61,190
49,320
49,870
49,300
85,020
59,260
42,200
65,460
65,400
74,450
32,430
38,490
56,810
32,090
36,200
32,050
31,330
31,970
24,420
41,860
34,650

19.54
33.92
39.35
30.45
42.80
36.70
23.87
24.04
23.85
28.94
30.05
19.04
26.81
21.35
22.00
21.31
39.38
27.75
19.15
29.56
29.51
35.59
13.76
17.47
24.08
13.72
15.71
13.70
13.22
13.92
10.77
19.95
14.77

Food preparation and serving related occupations
Supervisors of food preparation and serving workers.........................................................................................
Supervisors of food preparation and serving workers....................................................................................
Chefs and head cooks.............................................................................................................................
First-line supervisors of food preparation and serving workers.................................................................
Cooks and food preparation workers..................................................................................................................
Cooks...........................................................................................................................................................
Cooks, fast food......................................................................................................................................
Cooks, institution and cafeteria................................................................................................................
Cooks, private household........................................................................................................................
Cooks, restaurant....................................................................................................................................
Cooks, short order...................................................................................................................................
Cooks, all other........................................................................................................................................
Food preparation workers.............................................................................................................................
Food and beverage serving workers..................................................................................................................
Bartenders....................................................................................................................................................
Fast food and counter workers......................................................................................................................
Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food.......................................................
Counter attendants, cafeteria, food concession, and coffee shop.............................................................
Waiters and waitresses.................................................................................................................................
Food servers, nonrestaurant.........................................................................................................................

13,374,620
1,093,000
1,093,000
128,600
964,400
3,218,110
2,403,510
487,510
400,320
460
1,340,810
155,840
18,570
814,600
7,630,110
631,480
4,150,030
3,676,180
473,860
2,582,410
266,190

12.30
18.30
18.30
25.08
17.40
12.56
12.77
10.89
13.60
19.83
13.26
12.09
14.60
11.94
11.51
12.88
10.70
10.64
11.17
12.42
12.01

25,580
38,070
38,070
52,160
36,190
26,120
26,560
22,650
28,290
41,240
27,580
25,140
30,360
24,830
23,940
26,780
22,260
22,140
23,240
25,830
24,980

11.09
16.30
16.30
23.30
15.60
11.91
12.12
10.74
12.91
18.07
12.76
11.44
13.78
11.41
10.43
10.84
10.32
10.22
10.74
10.47
11.20

See footnotes at end of table.

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, May 2018- Continued
Mean wages
Occupation

Employment

Hourly

Annual¹

Median
hourly
wages

Food preparation and serving related occupations (Continued)
Other food preparation and serving related workers...........................................................................................
Dining room and cafeteria attendants and bartender helpers.........................................................................
Dishwashers.................................................................................................................................................
Hosts and hostesses, restaurant, lounge, and coffee shop...........................................................................
Food preparation and serving related workers, all other................................................................................

1,433,400
455,700
504,770
416,950
55,980

$11.32
11.52
11.15
11.18
12.23

$23,540
23,950
23,190
23,260
25,430

$10.81
10.71
10.93
10.65
11.47

Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations
Supervisors of building and grounds cleaning and maintenance workers............................................................
First-line supervisors of building and grounds cleaning and maintenance workers.........................................
First-line supervisors of housekeeping and janitorial workers...................................................................
First-line supervisors of landscaping, lawn service, and groundskeeping workers....................................
Building cleaning and pest control workers.........................................................................................................
Building cleaning workers..............................................................................................................................
Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners............................................................
Maids and housekeeping cleaners...........................................................................................................
Building cleaning workers, all other..........................................................................................................
Pest control workers.....................................................................................................................................
Grounds maintenance workers..........................................................................................................................
Grounds maintenance workers.....................................................................................................................
Landscaping and groundskeeping workers..............................................................................................
Pesticide handlers, sprayers, and applicators, vegetation........................................................................
Tree trimmers and pruners......................................................................................................................
Grounds maintenance workers, all other..................................................................................................

4,421,980
255,580
255,580
154,180
101,390
3,171,520
3,094,210
2,156,270
924,290
13,650
77,300
994,880
994,880
913,480
24,500
42,440
14,470

14.43
22.30
22.30
20.75
24.66
13.56
13.44
13.92
12.30
15.73
18.24
15.19
15.19
14.88
18.37
19.47
17.17

30,020
46,380
46,380
43,150
51,280
28,200
27,960
28,950
25,570
32,710
37,950
31,600
31,600
30,940
38,210
40,510
35,710

12.91
20.82
20.82
19.20
23.18
12.17
12.10
12.55
11.43
14.07
17.12
14.13
14.13
13.94
16.98
18.36
14.63

Personal care and service occupations
Supervisors of personal care and service workers.............................................................................................
First-line supervisors of gaming workers.......................................................................................................
First-line supervisors of personal service workers.........................................................................................
Animal care and service workers.......................................................................................................................
Animal trainers..............................................................................................................................................
Nonfarm animal caretakers...........................................................................................................................
Entertainment attendants and related workers...................................................................................................
Gaming services workers.............................................................................................................................
Gaming dealers.......................................................................................................................................
Gaming and sports book writers and runners...........................................................................................
Gaming service workers, all other............................................................................................................
Motion picture projectionists..........................................................................................................................
Ushers, lobby attendants, and ticket takers...................................................................................................
Miscellaneous entertainment attendants and related workers........................................................................
Amusement and recreation attendants.....................................................................................................
Costume attendants.................................................................................................................................
Locker room, coatroom, and dressing room attendants...........................................................................
Entertainment attendants and related workers, all other...........................................................................
Funeral service workers.....................................................................................................................................
Embalmers...................................................................................................................................................
Funeral attendants........................................................................................................................................
Morticians, undertakers, and funeral directors...............................................................................................
Personal appearance workers............................................................................................................................
Barbers, hairdressers, hairstylists and cosmetologists..................................................................................
Barbers....................................................................................................................................................
Hairdressers, hairstylists, and cosmetologists.........................................................................................
Miscellaneous personal appearance workers................................................................................................
Makeup artists, theatrical and performance.............................................................................................
Manicurists and pedicurists......................................................................................................................
Shampooers............................................................................................................................................
Skincare specialists.................................................................................................................................
Baggage porters, bellhops, and concierges.......................................................................................................
Baggage porters, bellhops, and concierges..................................................................................................
Baggage porters and bellhops.................................................................................................................
Concierges..............................................................................................................................................
Tour and travel guides.......................................................................................................................................
Tour and travel guides..................................................................................................................................
Other personal care and service workers...........................................................................................................
Childcare workers.........................................................................................................................................
Personal care aides......................................................................................................................................
Recreation and fitness workers.....................................................................................................................
Fitness trainers and aerobics instructors..................................................................................................
Recreation workers..................................................................................................................................
Residential advisors......................................................................................................................................
Personal care and service workers, all other.................................................................................................

5,451,330
258,960
30,330
228,620
214,680
14,830
199,850
601,890
113,640
92,530
11,150
9,950
4,840
133,970
349,440
319,890
6,460
17,610
5,480
65,150
4,070
35,340
25,740
575,110
397,350
20,130
377,210
177,770
3,140
110,170
13,720
50,740
79,840
79,840
42,350
37,490
49,740
49,740
3,605,950
564,630
2,211,950
662,040
308,470
353,570
108,380
58,970

13.51
20.53
24.16
20.05
12.76
16.95
12.45
11.56
11.65
11.09
13.29
15.03
12.42
11.35
11.61
11.28
22.12
12.84
14.27
19.77
22.42
13.69
27.70
14.44
14.59
15.97
14.51
14.13
34.63
12.43
10.65
17.48
14.46
14.46
12.98
16.13
14.25
14.25
13.07
11.83
12.06
17.25
21.43
13.61
14.41
13.59

28,090
42,710
50,250
41,710
26,540
35,260
25,890
24,050
24,240
23,070
27,640
31,260
25,820
23,610
24,140
23,460
46,010
26,720
29,690
41,130
46,640
28,480
57,620
30,040
30,340
33,220
30,190
29,380
72,030
25,860
22,160
36,350
30,070
30,070
26,990
33,550
29,630
29,630
27,190
24,610
25,090
35,890
44,580
28,310
29,970
28,270

11.74
18.92
23.76
18.46
11.51
14.08
11.42
10.66
10.07
9.68
11.74
13.24
10.94
10.70
10.78
10.70
19.80
11.55
11.68
16.30
21.27
12.69
25.31
11.94
11.94
13.44
11.89
11.94
30.89
11.70
10.40
15.05
12.91
12.91
11.64
14.61
12.77
12.77
11.70
11.17
11.55
14.14
19.15
12.05
13.39
12.59

Sales and related occupations
Supervisors of sales workers.............................................................................................................................
First-line supervisors of sales workers..........................................................................................................
First-line supervisors of retail sales workers.............................................................................................
First-line supervisors of non-retail sales workers......................................................................................
Retail sales workers...........................................................................................................................................
Cashiers.......................................................................................................................................................
Cashiers..................................................................................................................................................

14,542,290
1,429,100
1,429,100
1,181,530
247,570
8,787,270
3,657,570
3,635,550

20.09
24.97
24.97
21.67
40.67
12.75
11.19
11.17

41,790
51,930
51,930
45,080
84,600
26,520
23,270
23,240

13.55
20.84
20.84
19.05
35.29
11.33
10.79
10.78

See footnotes at end of table.

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, May 2018- Continued
Mean wages
Occupation

Employment

Hourly

Annual¹

Median
hourly
wages

Sales and related occupations (Continued)
Gaming change persons and booth cashiers...........................................................................................
Counter and rental clerks and parts salespersons.........................................................................................
Counter and rental clerks.........................................................................................................................
Parts salespersons..................................................................................................................................
Retail salespersons......................................................................................................................................
Sales representatives, services.........................................................................................................................
Advertising sales agents...............................................................................................................................
Insurance sales agents.................................................................................................................................
Securities, commodities, and financial services sales agents........................................................................
Travel agents................................................................................................................................................
Sales representatives, services, all other......................................................................................................
Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing.........................................................................................
Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing....................................................................................
Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, technical and scientific products............................
Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, except technical and scientific products................
Other sales and related workers........................................................................................................................
Models, demonstrators, and product promoters............................................................................................
Demonstrators and product promoters....................................................................................................
Models.....................................................................................................................................................
Real estate brokers and sales agents...........................................................................................................
Real estate brokers.................................................................................................................................
Real estate sales agents.........................................................................................................................
Sales engineers............................................................................................................................................
Telemarketers..............................................................................................................................................
Miscellaneous sales and related workers......................................................................................................
Door-to-door sales workers, news and street vendors, and related workers.............................................
Sales and related workers, all other.........................................................................................................

22,020
681,580
426,700
254,870
4,448,120
2,046,120
133,110
393,830
415,890
69,480
1,033,820
1,663,160
1,663,160
312,980
1,350,180
616,650
84,560
81,250
3,310
197,080
40,320
156,760
65,720
164,160
105,120
9,430
95,690

$13.09
15.52
15.00
16.39
13.61
34.37
30.46
32.64
47.49
20.54
31.18
35.43
35.43
44.15
33.40
24.70
15.96
15.99
15.18
31.37
37.95
29.67
52.22
13.72
19.19
16.40
19.46

$27,220
32,280
31,200
34,080
28,310
71,490
63,360
67,890
98,770
42,720
64,860
73,680
73,680
91,830
69,480
51,380
33,200
33,260
31,570
65,240
78,940
61,720
108,610
28,550
39,910
34,120
40,480

$11.96
13.68
13.12
14.63
11.63
26.13
24.87
24.33
30.83
18.61
26.23
29.64
29.64
38.31
28.13
17.17
13.85
13.92
11.43
24.18
27.99
23.41
48.76
12.14
15.60
12.71
15.97

Office and administrative support occupations
Supervisors of office and administrative support workers...................................................................................
First-line supervisors of office and administrative support workers................................................................
Communications equipment operators...............................................................................................................
Switchboard operators, including answering service.....................................................................................
Telephone operators.....................................................................................................................................
Communications equipment operators, all other...........................................................................................
Financial clerks..................................................................................................................................................
Bill and account collectors.............................................................................................................................
Billing and posting clerks...............................................................................................................................
Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks...............................................................................................
Gaming cage workers...................................................................................................................................
Payroll and timekeeping clerks......................................................................................................................
Procurement clerks.......................................................................................................................................
Tellers..........................................................................................................................................................
Financial clerks, all other...............................................................................................................................
Information and record clerks.............................................................................................................................
Brokerage clerks..........................................................................................................................................
Correspondence clerks.................................................................................................................................
Court, municipal, and license clerks..............................................................................................................
Credit authorizers, checkers, and clerks.......................................................................................................
Customer service representatives................................................................................................................
Eligibility interviewers, government programs...............................................................................................
File clerks.....................................................................................................................................................
Hotel, motel, and resort desk clerks..............................................................................................................
Interviewers, except eligibility and loan..........................................................................................................
Library assistants, clerical.............................................................................................................................
Loan interviewers and clerks.........................................................................................................................
New accounts clerks.....................................................................................................................................
Order clerks..................................................................................................................................................
Human resources assistants, except payroll and timekeeping.......................................................................
Receptionists and information clerks.............................................................................................................
Reservation and transportation ticket agents and travel clerks......................................................................
Information and record clerks, all other.........................................................................................................
Material recording, scheduling, dispatching, and distributing workers.................................................................
Cargo and freight agents..............................................................................................................................
Couriers and messengers.............................................................................................................................
Dispatchers..................................................................................................................................................
Police, fire, and ambulance dispatchers...................................................................................................
Dispatchers, except police, fire, and ambulance......................................................................................
Meter readers, utilities...................................................................................................................................
Postal service workers..................................................................................................................................
Postal service clerks................................................................................................................................
Postal service mail carriers......................................................................................................................
Postal service mail sorters, processors, and processing machine operators............................................
Production, planning, and expediting clerks...................................................................................................
Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks............................................................................................................
Stock clerks and order fillers.........................................................................................................................
Weighers, measurers, checkers, and samplers, recordkeeping....................................................................
Secretaries and administrative assistants..........................................................................................................
Secretaries and administrative assistants.....................................................................................................
Executive secretaries and executive administrative assistants.................................................................

21,828,990
1,477,560
1,477,560
78,860
71,600
5,160
2,100
2,978,640
251,330
469,250
1,530,430
16,020
144,030
68,100
468,470
31,010
5,773,540
55,100
5,460
142,350
29,980
2,871,400
137,830
110,020
260,780
192,820
88,970
222,620
41,500
159,210
124,600
1,043,630
132,050
155,220
4,149,140
92,280
75,720
294,900
95,020
199,880
33,570
525,070
78,830
342,410
103,830
350,150
655,590
2,056,030
65,830
3,498,120
3,498,120
570,530

18.75
28.53
28.53
15.45
15.04
18.93
20.87
19.07
18.38
19.00
20.25
13.93
22.17
20.76
14.49
21.00
17.19
25.93
18.75
19.76
19.55
17.53
22.34
16.25
12.08
17.08
13.92
19.86
17.79
17.21
20.01
14.59
20.06
20.15
17.28
22.15
14.72
20.70
20.81
20.64
21.46
24.78
24.45
24.89
24.64
24.05
16.82
13.71
16.39
20.34
20.34
29.59

38,990
59,340
59,340
32,140
31,290
39,360
43,410
39,660
38,220
39,520
42,110
28,980
46,110
43,180
30,140
43,670
35,750
53,940
38,990
41,100
40,670
36,470
46,480
33,810
25,130
35,520
28,960
41,310
37,000
35,790
41,620
30,350
41,730
41,900
35,950
46,070
30,620
43,050
43,290
42,940
44,640
51,540
50,860
51,780
51,250
50,020
34,980
28,520
34,100
42,320
42,320
61,550

17.19
26.83
26.83
14.36
14.14
17.91
19.74
18.02
17.32
18.17
19.35
13.22
21.66
20.51
14.16
19.72
15.91
24.71
17.93
18.48
18.63
16.23
22.12
15.24
11.39
16.38
12.74
19.18
17.21
16.09
19.42
14.01
17.90
19.69
15.45
20.77
13.81
19.17
19.55
18.98
19.40
28.25
26.58
26.54
28.26
22.88
15.88
12.36
15.53
18.69
18.69
28.53

See footnotes at end of table.

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, May 2018- Continued
Mean wages
Occupation

Employment

Hourly

Annual¹

Median
hourly
wages

Office and administrative support occupations (Continued)
Legal secretaries.....................................................................................................................................
Medical secretaries..................................................................................................................................
Secretaries and administrative assistants, except legal, medical, and executive......................................
Other office and administrative support workers.................................................................................................
Computer operators......................................................................................................................................
Data entry and information processing workers.............................................................................................
Data entry keyers....................................................................................................................................
Word processors and typists...................................................................................................................
Desktop publishers.......................................................................................................................................
Insurance claims and policy processing clerks..............................................................................................
Mail clerks and mail machine operators, except postal service.....................................................................
Office clerks, general....................................................................................................................................
Office machine operators, except computer..................................................................................................
Proofreaders and copy markers....................................................................................................................
Statistical assistants.....................................................................................................................................
Office and administrative support workers, all other......................................................................................

176,880
585,410
2,165,310
3,873,130
34,700
228,060
174,930
53,130
10,740
274,560
86,150
2,972,930
48,580
9,820
11,010
196,570

$24.06
17.83
18.28
17.28
22.47
17.05
16.22
19.79
22.47
20.26
15.41
16.92
16.60
20.17
24.09
18.02

$50,040
37,090
38,030
35,940
46,750
35,470
33,740
41,160
46,750
42,150
32,040
35,200
34,530
41,950
50,110
37,480

$22.29
17.19
17.61
16.16
22.04
16.24
15.47
19.11
20.63
19.07
14.63
15.74
15.76
18.82
23.24
16.76

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations
Supervisors of farming, fishing, and forestry workers.........................................................................................
First-line supervisors of farming, fishing, and forestry workers......................................................................
Agricultural workers...........................................................................................................................................
Agricultural inspectors...................................................................................................................................
Animal breeders...........................................................................................................................................
Graders and sorters, agricultural products....................................................................................................
Miscellaneous agricultural workers................................................................................................................
Agricultural equipment operators.............................................................................................................
Farmworkers and laborers, crop, nursery, and greenhouse.....................................................................
Farmworkers, farm, ranch, and aquacultural animals...............................................................................
Agricultural workers, all other...................................................................................................................
Forest, conservation, and logging workers.........................................................................................................
Forest and conservation workers..................................................................................................................
Logging workers...........................................................................................................................................
Fallers.....................................................................................................................................................
Logging equipment operators..................................................................................................................
Log graders and scalers..........................................................................................................................
Logging workers, all other........................................................................................................................

480,130
21,800
21,800
411,460
13,240
2,160
38,210
357,850
26,060
287,420
37,780
6,600
44,910
7,510
37,400
4,680
25,730
3,330
3,670

14.49
24.42
24.42
13.42
22.10
20.71
12.74
13.12
15.68
12.72
13.87
16.51
19.47
15.06
20.36
23.33
20.12
18.78
19.68

30,140
50,790
50,790
27,910
45,970
43,080
26,510
27,290
32,620
26,450
28,840
34,340
40,500
31,320
42,340
48,520
41,840
39,060
40,940

12.20
22.57
22.57
11.89
21.22
17.82
11.75
11.83
14.99
11.69
12.77
14.18
18.64
13.20
19.54
21.19
19.48
18.38
19.11

Construction and extraction occupations
Supervisors of construction and extraction workers............................................................................................
First-line supervisors of construction trades and extraction workers..............................................................
Construction trades workers..............................................................................................................................
Boilermakers................................................................................................................................................
Brickmasons, blockmasons, and stonemasons.............................................................................................
Brickmasons and blockmasons...............................................................................................................
Stonemasons..........................................................................................................................................
Carpenters....................................................................................................................................................
Carpet, floor, and tile installers and finishers.................................................................................................
Carpet installers.......................................................................................................................................
Floor layers, except carpet, wood, and hard tiles.....................................................................................
Floor sanders and finishers......................................................................................................................
Tile and marble setters............................................................................................................................
Cement masons, concrete finishers, and terrazzo workers...........................................................................
Cement masons and concrete finishers...................................................................................................
Terrazzo workers and finishers................................................................................................................
Construction laborers....................................................................................................................................
Construction equipment operators................................................................................................................
Paving, surfacing, and tamping equipment operators...............................................................................
Pile-driver operators................................................................................................................................
Operating engineers and other construction equipment operators............................................................
Drywall installers, ceiling tile installers, and tapers........................................................................................
Drywall and ceiling tile installers...............................................................................................................
Tapers.....................................................................................................................................................
Electricians...................................................................................................................................................
Glaziers........................................................................................................................................................
Insulation workers.........................................................................................................................................
Insulation workers, floor, ceiling, and wall.................................................................................................
Insulation workers, mechanical................................................................................................................
Painters and paperhangers...........................................................................................................................
Painters, construction and maintenance...................................................................................................
Paperhangers..........................................................................................................................................
Pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters........................................................................................
Pipelayers................................................................................................................................................
Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters.....................................................................................................
Plasterers and stucco masons......................................................................................................................
Reinforcing iron and rebar workers...............................................................................................................
Roofers.........................................................................................................................................................
Sheet metal workers.....................................................................................................................................
Structural iron and steel workers...................................................................................................................

5,962,640
598,210
598,210
4,497,490
13,870
76,240
63,930
12,310
718,730
83,740
26,100
14,050
4,460
39,130
189,130
186,400
2,730
1,001,470
433,690
46,760
3,450
383,480
120,220
101,900
18,320
655,840
50,940
56,440
31,840
24,610
231,200
228,420
2,780
476,140
38,070
438,070
24,870
18,360
128,680
131,570
77,410

24.62
33.91
33.91
23.97
30.41
25.39
26.17
21.33
24.58
21.79
21.42
22.48
19.18
22.09
22.76
22.76
22.71
19.40
25.09
21.32
30.94
25.50
24.24
23.64
27.57
28.46
23.38
22.55
20.23
25.57
20.69
20.70
19.64
27.39
20.91
27.96
22.89
26.28
21.09
25.34
27.97

51,220
70,540
70,540
49,850
63,240
52,810
54,430
44,370
51,120
45,330
44,550
46,760
39,890
45,950
47,340
47,350
47,230
40,350
52,190
44,360
64,360
53,030
50,420
49,170
57,340
59,190
48,620
46,910
42,070
53,180
43,030
43,050
40,840
56,980
43,500
58,150
47,610
54,670
43,870
52,710
58,170

22.12
31.36
31.36
21.54
29.88
23.78
24.49
19.82
22.40
19.63
18.92
20.56
18.04
20.12
20.67
20.67
20.43
17.21
22.59
19.13
28.21
22.98
21.72
21.03
26.48
26.53
20.94
20.15
18.50
22.95
18.72
18.72
18.31
25.33
18.54
25.92
20.93
23.23
19.22
23.30
25.95

See footnotes at end of table.

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, May 2018- Continued
Mean wages
Occupation

Employment

Hourly

Annual¹

Median
hourly
wages

Construction and extraction occupations (Continued)
Solar photovoltaic installers..........................................................................................................................
Helpers, construction trades..............................................................................................................................
Helpers, construction trades.........................................................................................................................
Helpers--brickmasons, blockmasons, stonemasons, and tile and marble setters.....................................
Helpers--carpenters.................................................................................................................................
Helpers--electricians................................................................................................................................
Helpers--painters, paperhangers, plasterers, and stucco masons............................................................
Helpers--pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters.....................................................................
Helpers--roofers......................................................................................................................................
Helpers, construction trades, all other......................................................................................................
Other construction and related workers..............................................................................................................
Construction and building inspectors.............................................................................................................
Elevator installers and repairers....................................................................................................................
Fence erectors.............................................................................................................................................
Hazardous materials removal workers..........................................................................................................
Highway maintenance workers......................................................................................................................
Rail-track laying and maintenance equipment operators...............................................................................
Septic tank servicers and sewer pipe cleaners..............................................................................................
Miscellaneous construction and related workers...........................................................................................
Extraction workers.............................................................................................................................................
Derrick, rotary drill, and service unit operators, oil, gas, and mining..............................................................
Derrick operators, oil and gas..................................................................................................................
Rotary drill operators, oil and gas.............................................................................................................
Service unit operators, oil, gas, and mining..............................................................................................
Earth drillers, except oil and gas...................................................................................................................
Explosives workers, ordnance handling experts, and blasters.......................................................................
Mining machine operators.............................................................................................................................
Continuous mining machine operators.....................................................................................................
Mine cutting and channeling machine operators.......................................................................................
Mining machine operators, all other.........................................................................................................
Rock splitters, quarry....................................................................................................................................
Roof bolters, mining......................................................................................................................................
Roustabouts, oil and gas..............................................................................................................................
Helpers--extraction workers..........................................................................................................................
Extraction workers, all other..........................................................................................................................

8,950
233,580
233,580
24,340
33,020
75,970
10,600
54,710
8,630
26,320
422,540
104,090
26,830
23,530
44,000
149,260
14,410
27,090
33,340
210,820
79,030
11,310
18,010
49,710
18,270
5,640
22,910
14,710
4,920
3,280
4,870
3,250
54,810
15,930
6,110

$22.12
15.82
15.82
17.50
15.32
15.84
15.25
15.66
15.26
15.56
24.15
30.36
38.16
18.10
22.62
19.92
27.46
19.97
20.68
22.96
25.46
22.90
27.28
25.38
22.87
25.38
25.53
26.19
23.59
25.44
17.19
28.41
19.34
18.10
26.10

$46,010
32,900
32,900
36,390
31,850
32,960
31,720
32,570
31,740
32,370
50,240
63,150
79,370
37,650
47,050
41,440
57,120
41,530
43,000
47,760
52,950
47,630
56,740
52,780
47,570
52,780
53,090
54,470
49,080
52,920
35,760
59,090
40,220
37,660
54,300

$20.52
15.00
15.00
16.05
14.85
15.10
14.40
14.89
14.61
14.67
21.72
28.70
38.36
16.73
20.21
19.08
27.37
18.74
18.68
21.34
23.36
22.17
25.86
23.01
21.36
23.97
25.34
26.21
22.68
24.76
16.71
28.20
18.07
17.48
26.37

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations
Supervisors of installation, maintenance, and repair workers.............................................................................
First-line supervisors of mechanics, installers, and repairers.........................................................................
Electrical and electronic equipment mechanics, installers, and repairers............................................................
Computer, automated teller, and office machine repairers............................................................................
Radio and telecommunications equipment installers and repairers................................................................
Radio, cellular, and tower equipment installers and repairers...................................................................
Telecommunications equipment installers and repairers, except line installers.........................................
Miscellaneous electrical and electronic equipment mechanics, installers, and repairers................................
Avionics technicians.................................................................................................................................
Electric motor, power tool, and related repairers......................................................................................
Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment............................................
Electrical and electronics repairers, commercial and industrial equipment...............................................
Electrical and electronics repairers, powerhouse, substation, and relay...................................................
Electronic equipment installers and repairers, motor vehicles..................................................................
Electronic home entertainment equipment installers and repairers...........................................................
Security and fire alarm systems installers................................................................................................
Vehicle and mobile equipment mechanics, installers, and repairers...................................................................
Aircraft mechanics and service technicians...................................................................................................
Automotive technicians and repairers...........................................................................................................
Automotive body and related repairers.....................................................................................................
Automotive glass installers and repairers.................................................................................................
Automotive service technicians and mechanics.......................................................................................
Bus and truck mechanics and diesel engine specialists................................................................................
Heavy vehicle and mobile equipment service technicians and mechanics.....................................................
Farm equipment mechanics and service technicians...............................................................................
Mobile heavy equipment mechanics, except engines...............................................................................
Rail car repairers.....................................................................................................................................
Small engine mechanics...............................................................................................................................
Motorboat mechanics and service technicians.........................................................................................
Motorcycle mechanics.............................................................................................................................
Outdoor power equipment and other small engine mechanics..................................................................
Miscellaneous vehicle and mobile equipment mechanics, installers, and repairers........................................
Bicycle repairers......................................................................................................................................
Recreational vehicle service technicians..................................................................................................
Tire repairers and changers.....................................................................................................................
Other installation, maintenance, and repair occupations.....................................................................................
Control and valve installers and repairers.....................................................................................................
Mechanical door repairers........................................................................................................................
Control and valve installers and repairers, except mechanical door.........................................................
Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics and installers.............................................................
Home appliance repairers.............................................................................................................................
Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers................................................................
Industrial machinery mechanics...............................................................................................................

5,628,880
471,820
471,820
583,310
102,810
243,820
13,930
229,890
236,690
18,860
15,800
11,680
59,520
22,980
10,880
26,070
70,900
1,614,070
131,690
809,740
142,060
19,640
648,050
264,860
199,280
34,300
140,260
24,720
69,130
22,280
15,090
31,760
139,370
12,200
15,560
111,620
2,959,670
74,400
22,670
51,730
324,310
31,130
487,640
362,440

23.54
33.33
33.33
25.57
19.65
27.42
27.09
27.44
26.23
31.41
22.00
29.55
28.47
38.48
17.67
19.13
23.34
22.21
31.36
21.17
22.34
17.49
21.02
23.63
24.89
20.29
25.66
26.93
18.84
20.35
18.87
17.76
14.80
14.56
19.28
14.20
22.30
25.70
20.84
27.83
24.12
19.72
25.64
25.96

48,960
69,320
69,320
53,190
40,880
57,030
56,340
57,080
54,570
65,330
45,770
61,460
59,210
80,040
36,750
39,800
48,540
46,200
65,230
44,030
46,460
36,370
43,730
49,150
51,780
42,190
53,370
56,020
39,180
42,330
39,260
36,940
30,780
30,290
40,090
29,530
46,380
53,460
43,350
57,890
50,160
41,020
53,330
54,000

21.89
31.80
31.80
24.53
18.50
26.93
26.39
26.97
25.27
30.84
20.60
29.01
27.94
38.56
17.11
18.35
22.69
20.83
30.25
19.63
20.55
16.43
19.57
22.76
24.19
19.54
24.96
27.03
17.82
19.32
17.69
17.02
13.84
13.92
18.35
13.41
20.68
23.89
19.71
26.96
22.89
18.88
24.82
25.16

See footnotes at end of table.

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, May 2018- Continued
Mean wages
Occupation

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations (Continued)
Maintenance workers, machinery.............................................................................................................
Millwrights................................................................................................................................................
Refractory materials repairers, except brickmasons................................................................................
Line installers and repairers..........................................................................................................................
Electrical power-line installers and repairers............................................................................................
Telecommunications line installers and repairers.....................................................................................
Precision instrument and equipment repairers..............................................................................................
Camera and photographic equipment repairers.......................................................................................
Medical equipment repairers....................................................................................................................
Musical instrument repairers and tuners...................................................................................................
Watch repairers.......................................................................................................................................
Precision instrument and equipment repairers, all other...........................................................................
Maintenance and repair workers, general......................................................................................................
Wind turbine service technicians...................................................................................................................
Miscellaneous installation, maintenance, and repair workers.........................................................................
Coin, vending, and amusement machine servicers and repairers.............................................................
Commercial divers...................................................................................................................................
Fabric menders, except garment.............................................................................................................
Locksmiths and safe repairers.................................................................................................................
Manufactured building and mobile home installers...................................................................................
Riggers....................................................................................................................................................
Signal and track switch repairers.............................................................................................................
Helpers--installation, maintenance, and repair workers............................................................................
Installation, maintenance, and repair workers, all other............................................................................
Production occupations
Supervisors of production workers.....................................................................................................................
First-line supervisors of production and operating workers............................................................................
Assemblers and fabricators...............................................................................................................................
Aircraft structure, surfaces, rigging, and systems assemblers......................................................................
Electrical, electronics, and electromechanical assemblers............................................................................
Coil winders, tapers, and finishers............................................................................................................
Electrical, electronic, and electromechanical assemblers, except coil winders, tapers,
and finishers.....................................................................................................................................
Engine and other machine assemblers.........................................................................................................
Structural metal fabricators and fitters...........................................................................................................
Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators....................................................................................................
Fiberglass laminators and fabricators......................................................................................................
Timing device assemblers and adjusters.................................................................................................
Assemblers and fabricators, all other, including team assemblers...........................................................
Food processing workers...................................................................................................................................
Bakers..........................................................................................................................................................
Butchers and other meat, poultry, and fish processing workers.....................................................................
Butchers and meat cutters.......................................................................................................................
Meat, poultry, and fish cutters and trimmers............................................................................................
Slaughterers and meat packers...............................................................................................................
Miscellaneous food processing workers........................................................................................................
Food and tobacco roasting, baking, and drying machine operators and tenders.......................................
Food batchmakers...................................................................................................................................
Food cooking machine operators and tenders.........................................................................................
Food processing workers, all other..........................................................................................................
Metal workers and plastic workers.....................................................................................................................
Computer control programmers and operators.............................................................................................
Computer-controlled machine tool operators, metal and plastic...............................................................
Computer numerically controlled machine tool programmers, metal and plastic.......................................
Forming machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic.............................................................
Extruding and drawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic..................................
Forging machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic.........................................................
Rolling machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic..........................................................
Machine tool cutting setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic.........................................................
Cutting, punching, and press machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic........................
Drilling and boring machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic..................................
Grinding, lapping, polishing, and buffing machine tool setters, operators, and tenders,
metal and plastic...............................................................................................................................
Lathe and turning machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic...................................
Milling and planing machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic........................................
Machinists.....................................................................................................................................................
Metal furnace operators, tenders, pourers, and casters................................................................................
Metal-refining furnace operators and tenders...........................................................................................
Pourers and casters, metal......................................................................................................................
Model makers and patternmakers, metal and plastic....................................................................................
Model makers, metal and plastic..............................................................................................................
Patternmakers, metal and plastic.............................................................................................................
Molders and molding machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic.........................................
Foundry mold and coremakers................................................................................................................
Molding, coremaking, and casting machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic................
Multiple machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic.......................................................
Tool and die makers.....................................................................................................................................
Welding, soldering, and brazing workers.......................................................................................................
Welders, cutters, solderers, and brazers.................................................................................................
See footnotes at end of table.

Employment

Hourly

Annual¹

Median
hourly
wages

80,270
43,810
1,120
233,010
114,800
118,200
72,010
3,690
46,320
8,450
2,610
10,930
1,384,240
5,580
347,350
32,920
3,380
400
16,970
2,920
20,970
7,730
105,040
157,030

$23.42
27.04
25.24
31.03
33.77
28.36
24.58
20.45
25.34
18.81
21.55
27.91
19.72
27.88
19.25
17.49
28.59
16.13
21.03
15.82
24.68
32.60
15.09
20.70

$48,720
56,250
52,510
64,540
70,240
59,000
51,120
42,540
52,710
39,110
44,830
58,060
41,020
58,000
40,040
36,390
59,470
33,550
43,740
32,910
51,330
67,800
31,390
43,050

$22.63
26.47
25.09
31.67
34.09
28.02
23.13
19.53
23.66
17.47
19.19
27.70
18.42
26.14
17.39
16.61
23.63
14.77
19.93
15.40
24.22
33.89
14.16
18.90

9,115,530
622,790
622,790
1,831,200
43,150
287,630
12,190

18.84
30.93
30.93
17.14
26.70
17.26
17.60

39,190
64,340
64,340
35,650
55,530
35,910
36,610

16.86
29.05
29.05
15.78
25.64
16.20
16.54

275,450
48,200
76,090
1,376,130
21,190
780
1,354,150
801,770
180,010
365,660
133,670
156,440
75,550
256,100
21,060
160,160
32,260
42,620
1,940,370
171,920
148,150
23,770
120,630
75,610
18,330
26,700
318,860
186,640
11,400

17.25
21.79
20.02
16.49
17.39
18.01
16.48
14.46
13.78
14.38
15.97
13.36
13.68
15.07
15.74
15.43
15.23
13.26
19.94
21.13
20.17
27.07
18.35
17.61
19.60
19.61
18.00
17.40
19.95

35,880
45,330
41,640
34,300
36,170
37,460
34,270
30,090
28,660
29,910
33,210
27,790
28,450
31,340
32,730
32,090
31,690
27,590
41,480
43,940
41,960
56,300
38,170
36,620
40,770
40,790
37,450
36,180
41,490

16.18
21.34
18.89
15.19
16.59
16.66
15.16
13.58
12.75
13.69
15.18
12.96
13.59
13.99
14.83
14.29
14.48
12.44
18.70
19.95
19.26
25.57
17.52
16.90
18.70
18.58
17.05
16.57
18.28

71,870
29,510
19,440
384,350
25,520
17,670
7,850
8,090
5,210
2,880
179,710
15,600
164,110
133,840
72,700
424,270
389,190

17.64
19.76
21.39
21.75
19.79
20.10
19.07
25.69
27.36
22.66
16.44
17.70
16.32
18.03
25.79
21.12
21.33

36,690
41,090
44,490
45,250
41,160
41,810
39,670
53,430
56,920
47,130
34,200
36,820
33,950
37,510
53,650
43,930
44,360

16.76
18.84
20.95
20.97
19.18
19.82
18.14
24.88
26.98
22.04
15.30
17.04
15.13
17.01
25.36
19.71
19.89

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, May 2018- Continued
Mean wages
Occupation

Production occupations (Continued)
Welding, soldering, and brazing machine setters, operators, and tenders................................................
Miscellaneous metal workers and plastic workers.........................................................................................
Heat treating equipment setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic.............................................
Layout workers, metal and plastic............................................................................................................
Plating and coating machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic.......................................
Tool grinders, filers, and sharpeners........................................................................................................
Metal workers and plastic workers, all other.............................................................................................
Printing workers.................................................................................................................................................
Printing workers............................................................................................................................................
Prepress technicians and workers...........................................................................................................
Printing press operators...........................................................................................................................
Print binding and finishing workers...........................................................................................................
Textile, apparel, and furnishings workers...........................................................................................................
Laundry and dry-cleaning workers.................................................................................................................
Pressers, textile, garment, and related materials..........................................................................................
Sewing machine operators............................................................................................................................
Shoe and leather workers.............................................................................................................................
Shoe and leather workers and repairers...................................................................................................
Shoe machine operators and tenders......................................................................................................
Tailors, dressmakers, and sewers................................................................................................................
Sewers, hand...........................................................................................................................................
Tailors, dressmakers, and custom sewers...............................................................................................
Textile machine setters, operators, and tenders............................................................................................
Textile bleaching and dyeing machine operators and tenders...................................................................
Textile cutting machine setters, operators, and tenders...........................................................................
Textile knitting and weaving machine setters, operators, and tenders......................................................
Textile winding, twisting, and drawing out machine setters, operators, and tenders..................................
Miscellaneous textile, apparel, and furnishings workers.................................................................................
Extruding and forming machine setters, operators, and tenders, synthetic and glass fibers.....................
Fabric and apparel patternmakers...........................................................................................................
Upholsterers............................................................................................................................................
Textile, apparel, and furnishings workers, all other...................................................................................
Woodworkers....................................................................................................................................................
Cabinetmakers and bench carpenters...........................................................................................................
Furniture finishers.........................................................................................................................................
Model makers and patternmakers, wood......................................................................................................
Model makers, wood................................................................................................................................
Patternmakers, wood...............................................................................................................................
Woodworking machine setters, operators, and tenders.................................................................................
Sawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, wood...........................................................................
Woodworking machine setters, operators, and tenders, except sawing...................................................
Woodworkers, all other.................................................................................................................................
Plant and system operators...............................................................................................................................
Power plant operators, distributors, and dispatchers.....................................................................................
Nuclear power reactor operators..............................................................................................................
Power distributors and dispatchers..........................................................................................................
Power plant operators..............................................................................................................................
Stationary engineers and boiler operators.....................................................................................................
Water and wastewater treatment plant and system operators.......................................................................
Miscellaneous plant and system operators....................................................................................................
Chemical plant and system operators......................................................................................................
Gas plant operators.................................................................................................................................
Petroleum pump system operators, refinery operators, and gaugers.......................................................
Plant and system operators, all other.......................................................................................................
Other production occupations............................................................................................................................
Chemical processing machine setters, operators, and tenders.....................................................................
Chemical equipment operators and tenders.............................................................................................
Separating, filtering, clarifying, precipitating, and still machine setters, operators, and tenders.................
Crushing, grinding, polishing, mixing, and blending workers..........................................................................
Crushing, grinding, and polishing machine setters, operators, and tenders..............................................
Grinding and polishing workers, hand.......................................................................................................
Mixing and blending machine setters, operators, and tenders..................................................................
Cutting workers.............................................................................................................................................
Cutters and trimmers, hand.....................................................................................................................
Cutting and slicing machine setters, operators, and tenders....................................................................
Extruding, forming, pressing, and compacting machine setters, operators, and tenders...............................
Furnace, kiln, oven, drier, and kettle operators and tenders..........................................................................
Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers....................................................................................
Jewelers and precious stone and metal workers...........................................................................................
Medical, dental, and ophthalmic laboratory technicians.................................................................................
Dental laboratory technicians...................................................................................................................
Medical appliance technicians..................................................................................................................
Ophthalmic laboratory technicians...........................................................................................................
Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders....................................................................................
Painting workers...........................................................................................................................................
Coating, painting, and spraying machine setters, operators, and tenders.................................................
Painters, transportation equipment..........................................................................................................
Painting, coating, and decorating workers................................................................................................
Semiconductor processors...........................................................................................................................
Photographic process workers and processing machine operators...............................................................
See footnotes at end of table.

Employment

35,080
100,470
19,690
8,170
40,070
7,070
25,470
249,140
249,140
29,990
173,470
45,690
574,130
213,350
38,320
136,450
12,450
8,640
3,810
26,500
5,350
21,150
75,490
9,330
13,310
21,190
31,650
71,570
18,130
5,220
32,870
15,360
257,840
102,100
17,250
1,280
740
530
131,240
52,260
78,980
5,970
301,200
51,820
6,280
11,620
33,920
31,710
123,650
94,010
28,190
14,620
38,930
12,270
2,537,090
132,660
82,880
49,770
190,770
31,890
30,280
128,600
71,420
10,580
60,840
72,870
17,730
557,510
25,910
77,110
34,480
14,670
27,960
395,330
156,470
88,560
55,710
12,200
25,730
16,680

Hourly

$18.83
18.24
18.77
22.78
16.74
19.66
18.34
18.39
18.39
20.31
18.49
16.76
13.31
11.77
11.57
12.98
14.37
14.33
14.47
16.04
14.19
16.50
14.37
14.39
14.16
14.65
14.26
17.18
17.07
23.65
17.27
14.94
16.19
17.59
16.27
26.70
25.29
28.68
14.98
15.00
14.96
16.60
29.72
39.31
45.82
41.03
37.51
30.62
23.79
31.94
29.60
34.36
33.96
28.03
17.92
23.30
24.55
21.22
18.25
18.30
15.34
18.92
16.87
15.19
17.16
17.69
19.52
20.20
20.95
19.15
20.76
20.28
16.58
15.74
19.16
17.55
22.34
16.33
19.14
16.78

Annual¹

$39,160
37,940
39,050
47,380
34,830
40,890
38,140
38,260
38,260
42,240
38,470
34,850
27,690
24,480
24,060
26,990
29,900
29,800
30,110
33,350
29,510
34,330
29,880
29,930
29,440
30,470
29,660
35,740
35,500
49,180
35,920
31,070
33,680
36,580
33,850
55,540
52,590
59,650
31,150
31,200
31,110
34,530
61,820
81,760
95,310
85,340
78,030
63,690
49,490
66,430
61,570
71,470
70,630
58,300
37,270
48,470
51,070
44,140
37,960
38,060
31,900
39,360
35,090
31,600
35,700
36,800
40,610
42,010
43,570
39,840
43,180
42,180
34,490
32,740
39,850
36,510
46,460
33,960
39,810
34,910

Median
hourly
wages
$18.11
17.14
18.04
23.03
15.58
18.34
17.27
17.36
17.36
19.43
17.41
15.81
12.11
11.16
11.23
12.03
14.09
13.87
14.63
14.59
13.78
14.90
13.88
13.84
13.57
14.02
13.90
15.99
16.44
19.50
16.58
13.34
15.19
16.70
15.36
27.07
25.53
29.30
14.25
14.18
14.29
14.98
28.42
39.92
45.36
41.54
38.27
29.06
22.49
31.85
29.84
34.17
34.07
27.45
16.35
21.97
23.45
19.62
17.25
17.50
14.21
17.89
16.26
14.13
16.64
16.89
18.83
18.39
18.96
17.64
19.44
18.84
15.30
14.50
17.70
16.73
20.33
14.93
17.92
14.03

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, May 2018- Continued
Mean wages
Occupation

Production occupations (Continued)
Miscellaneous production workers................................................................................................................
Adhesive bonding machine operators and tenders...................................................................................
Cleaning, washing, and metal pickling equipment operators and tenders.................................................
Cooling and freezing equipment operators and tenders...........................................................................
Etchers and engravers.............................................................................................................................
Molders, shapers, and casters, except metal and plastic.........................................................................
Paper goods machine setters, operators, and tenders.............................................................................
Tire builders.............................................................................................................................................
Helpers--production workers....................................................................................................................
Production workers, all other....................................................................................................................
Transportation and material moving occupations
Supervisors of transportation and material moving workers...............................................................................
Aircraft cargo handling supervisors...............................................................................................................
First-line supervisors of transportation and material moving workers, except aircraft cargo
handling supervisors...............................................................................................................................
Air transportation workers..................................................................................................................................
Aircraft pilots and flight engineers.................................................................................................................
Airline pilots, copilots, and flight engineers...............................................................................................
Commercial pilots....................................................................................................................................
Air traffic controllers and airfield operations specialists.................................................................................
Air traffic controllers.................................................................................................................................
Airfield operations specialists...................................................................................................................
Flight attendants...........................................................................................................................................
Motor vehicle operators.....................................................................................................................................
Ambulance drivers and attendants, except emergency medical technicians..................................................
Bus drivers...................................................................................................................................................
Bus drivers, transit and intercity...............................................................................................................
Bus drivers, school or special client.........................................................................................................
Driver/sales workers and truck drivers..........................................................................................................
Driver/sales workers................................................................................................................................
Heavy and tractor-trailer truck drivers......................................................................................................
Light truck or delivery services drivers.....................................................................................................
Taxi drivers and chauffeurs...........................................................................................................................
Motor vehicle operators, all other..................................................................................................................
Rail transportation workers................................................................................................................................
Locomotive engineers and operators............................................................................................................
Locomotive engineers..............................................................................................................................
Locomotive firers.....................................................................................................................................
Rail yard engineers, dinkey operators, and hostlers.................................................................................
Railroad brake, signal, and switch operators.................................................................................................
Railroad conductors and yardmasters...........................................................................................................
Subway and streetcar operators...................................................................................................................
Rail transportation workers, all other.............................................................................................................
Water transportation workers.............................................................................................................................
Sailors and marine oilers...............................................................................................................................
Ship and boat captains and operators...........................................................................................................
Captains, mates, and pilots of water vessels...........................................................................................
Motorboat operators................................................................................................................................
Ship engineers..............................................................................................................................................
Other transportation workers..............................................................................................................................
Bridge and lock tenders................................................................................................................................
Parking lot attendants...................................................................................................................................
Automotive and watercraft service attendants...............................................................................................
Traffic technicians.........................................................................................................................................
Transportation inspectors.............................................................................................................................
Transportation attendants, except flight attendants.......................................................................................
Transportation workers, all other...................................................................................................................
Material moving workers....................................................................................................................................
Conveyor operators and tenders...................................................................................................................
Crane and tower operators...........................................................................................................................
Dredge, excavating, and loading machine operators.....................................................................................
Dredge operators....................................................................................................................................
Excavating and loading machine and dragline operators..........................................................................
Loading machine operators, underground mining.....................................................................................
Hoist and winch operators.............................................................................................................................
Industrial truck and tractor operators.............................................................................................................
Laborers and material movers, hand.............................................................................................................
Cleaners of vehicles and equipment........................................................................................................
Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand...........................................................................
Machine feeders and offbearers...............................................................................................................
Packers and packagers, hand.................................................................................................................
Pumping station operators............................................................................................................................
Gas compressor and gas pumping station operators...............................................................................
Pump operators, except wellhead pumpers.............................................................................................
Wellhead pumpers...................................................................................................................................
Refuse and recyclable material collectors.....................................................................................................
Mine shuttle car operators.............................................................................................................................
Tank car, truck, and ship loaders..................................................................................................................
Material moving workers, all other.................................................................................................................

Employment

Hourly

Annual¹

Median
hourly
wages

796,900
16,310
17,630
8,820
8,600
42,500
97,960
23,920
350,410
230,760

$16.02
17.23
15.91
16.60
16.61
16.92
19.38
21.89
14.12
16.58

$33,320
35,850
33,090
34,520
34,550
35,190
40,320
45,530
29,380
34,490

$14.53
16.26
14.80
15.58
15.06
16.03
18.62
22.42
13.33
14.50

10,244,260
419,980
8,920

18.41
27.92
26.49

38,290
58,070
55,110

15.74
26.67
23.37

411,060
271,890
120,760
82,890
37,870
32,360
22,390
9,960
118,770
4,088,870
15,380
678,260
174,110
504,150
3,130,500
414,860
1,800,330
915,310
207,920
56,810
109,460
41,090
34,850
560
5,690
14,270
42,360
8,850
2,890
79,860
32,220
38,910
36,390
2,510
8,740
363,130
3,170
145,900
113,760
7,290
29,990
25,460
37,560
4,911,060
23,390
44,410
49,780
1,190
46,090
2,500
3,180
604,130
4,002,390
378,850
2,893,180
66,380
663,970
27,560
3,460
10,820
13,280
118,520
1,690
9,000
27,010

27.95
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
48.61
58.09
27.29
(²)
18.94
13.95
17.44
21.47
16.05
19.68
14.24
21.91
17.75
13.68
17.14
30.95
31.37
32.17
33.19
26.27
28.31
31.77
30.28
28.12
31.75
22.20
38.61
39.61
24.21
36.40
15.61
22.91
12.08
12.47
24.38
36.22
14.73
20.61
15.17
16.88
27.96
23.46
22.84
23.40
24.73
27.11
17.54
14.32
12.93
14.85
15.24
12.74
25.24
30.24
22.84
25.90
19.50
26.99
20.35
16.83

58,140
101,910
146,660
169,560
96,530
101,100
120,830
56,760
56,630
39,400
29,010
36,280
44,650
33,390
40,920
29,610
45,570
36,920
28,450
35,640
64,380
65,240
66,920
69,030
54,640
58,890
66,080
62,970
58,490
66,040
46,180
80,310
82,380
50,350
75,710
32,460
47,660
25,130
25,940
50,700
75,330
30,640
42,870
31,560
35,110
58,160
48,790
47,500
48,680
51,450
56,390
36,480
29,790
26,900
30,890
31,710
26,490
52,510
62,900
47,510
53,870
40,560
56,150
42,330
35,000

26.73
(²)
(²)
(²)
(²)
46.11
59.87
25.10
(²)
17.85
12.38
16.56
20.23
15.58
18.66
11.88
21.00
15.78
12.49
14.60
29.69
29.41
29.86
30.69
25.30
27.53
30.26
32.78
26.64
26.16
19.66
32.40
33.26
24.18
34.20
12.23
24.19
11.47
11.64
22.39
35.47
12.87
18.03
13.74
15.86
26.03
21.44
21.76
21.28
24.60
21.87
16.71
13.02
11.79
13.59
14.21
11.82
24.47
31.35
21.34
25.72
17.92
27.09
18.38
14.14

1

Annual wages have been calculated by multiplying the hourly mean wage by a "year-round, full-time" hours figure of 2,080 hours; for those occupations
where there is not an hourly mean wage published, the annual wage has been directly calculated from the reported survey data.
2

Wages for some occupations that do not generally work year-round, full time, are reported either as hourly wages or annual salaries depending on how
they are typically paid.

3

Represents a wage equal to or greater than $100.00 per hour.