NIST, PML, Nuclear & Radiological Security Metrology Needs Survey

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0693-0033-NIST.PML.Nuclear.Radiological.Security.Metrology.Needs-Survey.Instrument

NIST, PML, Nuclear & Radiological Security Metrology Needs Survey

OMB: 0693-0033

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OMB Control #0693-0033

Expiration Date: 31 July 2022


Nuclear and Radiological Security:

Metrology Needs Survey1


The Radiation Physics Division (RPD) within the Physical Measurements Laboratory at the National Institute of Standards and Technology is developing a program focused on measurement science needs in the area of “nuclear and radiological security”. This focus area may include measurements of radiation, radioactive nuclides, or radioactive materials associated with consequence management, food safety, and environment monitoring, border protection, nuclear forensics, nuclear safeguards and non-proliferation. As part of the planning process for this program, the RPD is soliciting feedback from stakeholders to identify and prioritize activities and research to best meet the needs of measurement community. The attached survey requests information about metrological needs under the broad umbrella of Nuclear and Radiological Security. There are four basic topic areas comprising the survey: Nuclear Data; Calibrations and Measurements Services; Standard Reference Materials; and Performance Testing.


You have been identified as an appropriate contact for nuclear or radiological measurements within your group/organization. The purpose of this survey is to provide an opportunity to make recommendations that will help determine the future direction of the NIST Nuclear and Radiological Security program. Accordingly, you are strongly encouraged to seek input from knowledgeable staff and colleagues within your group/organization. It is requested that all input be collated and provided in a single completed survey form.


Please submit the completed Questionnaire Form to Richard.essex@NIST.gov prior to December 31, 2020. All responses should be unclassified but may be Controlled Unclassified Information (CUI). If your group/organization wishes to provide information at a higher classification level, please contact Richard Essex (301-975-5541) to determine the best method for conveying that information.

Nuclear Data for Nuclear and Radiological Security


The RPD measures and evaluates a variety of nuclear data including half-lives of radionuclides and the neutron, Q values, emission probabilities, and branching ratios. NIST also maintains data bases for radiation stopping power (electrons, protons, alpha particles). In this section, the RPD is requesting input about the specific nuclear data values, categories of data, and improvements to existing nuclear data that will enhance your group/organization’s ability to perform its mission:


1. What types of nuclear data does your group/organization use extensively?

Nuclear Data Used Extensively





2. Are there categories of nuclear data for which enhancements would represent a significant benefit to your group/organization? If so, what data and what improvements?

Nuclear Data Category

Desired Improvements








3. Are there nuclear data values for specific elements or nuclides that are critical to the missions of your group/organization but are not available or are otherwise unsuitable? Please list any such data along with estimates of what level of uncertainty would be adequate for your program needs.

Element / Nuclide

Desired Nuclear Data

Target Uncertainties












4. Please provide any additional comments or suggestion about nuclear data needs for Nuclear and Radiological Security.

Suggestions / Comments



Performance/Proficiency Testing for Nuclear and Radiological Security


Performance and proficiency testing (PT) programs are integral to quality control for Nuclear and Radiological Security. There a several PT programs that are directly relevant to measurements associated with Nuclear and Radiological Security; for example, the DOE Laboratory Accreditation Program (DOELAP), performance testing administered by the Radiological and Environmental Sciences Laboratory (RESL) and the NIST Radiochemistry Inter-comparison Program (NRIP). NIST also supports various PT programs by direct calibration measurements and by providing radioactivity Standard Reference Materials (SRMs) as calibration materials or as starting materials for preparation of PT test samples.


5. Does your group/organization currently administer, provide services for, or fund a PT program? Please indicate which program(s) and how your group/organization contributes to the PT program.

Performance Test Program

Contribution to the PT Program









6. Does your group/organization currently participate in a PT program(s) for measurement of radioactivity or radioactive materials? Please indicate what program(s) and the level of participation (frequency, specific measurands, etc.)

Performance Test Program(s)

Level of Participation











7. For the PT programs listed in Question 6, what requirements are driving your participation (internal QA/QC, accreditation requirements, analysis program requirements, etc.). Is NIST traceability for measurements a specified requirement for measurements performed by your group/organization?

Performance Test Program(s)

Drivers for PT Program Participation

NIST Traceability



☐ Yes

☐ No



☐ Yes

☐ No



☐ Yes

☐ No



☐ Yes

☐ No





8. If currently available PT programs do not meet the needs of your group/organization, please provide specific information about the parameters of a desired PT program (testing frequency, elements, matrices, nuclides, concentrations or activity levels, target uncertainties for measurands, etc.).

PT Program Parameters

Desirable Parameters

Testing Frequency


Number of Samples


Matrices


Elements / Nuclides


Concentrations / Activity Level


Target Uncertainties


Other



9. Please provide any additional comments or suggestions about performance testing for Nuclear and Radiological Security.

Suggestions / Comments



Standard Reference Materials for Nuclear and Radiological Security


The radioactivity group within the RPD produces many SRMs for measurement of radioactivity. These SRMs are used for direct calibrations, performance testing, quality control measurements, and production of working standard as well as uses beyond the original intended purpose of the SRMs, such as use for isotope dilution mass spectrometry tracers. Extensive details about radioactivity SRMs can be found on the NIST website at: Radioactivity SRMs.


10. Table 1 provides basic information about the form and characterized attributes of SRMs that are currently available from NIST or were previously available and could be reproduced. Please review Table 1 and indicate which of these standards that your group/organization uses or would use if they were available by clicking on the Check Box on the left-hand side of the table.

Table 1. NIST Radioactivity SRMs (12/1/2019)

SRMs highlighted in red are out of stock but have been included in the table as SRMs that NIST has previously certified and may certify again depending on level of interest from the user community.

Check

Boxes

SRM

Unit Description

Certified Attributes

(expanded uncertainties k =2)

SRM 4222d

5 mL n-Hexadecane in ampoule

14C = (89.54 ± 0.75) kBq g-1

SRM 4226d

5 mL of 1.1 M HCl in ampoule

63Ni = (85.94 ± 0.72) kBq g-1

SRM 4223E

5 mL of 1 M HCl in ampoule

137Cs = (298.6 ± 2.1) kBq g-1

SRM 4239

5 mL of 1 M HCl in ampoule

90Sr = (31.79 ± 0.15) kBq g-1

SRM 4251C

5 mL of dilute HCl in ampoule

133Ba = (4.876 ± 0.025) Bq g-1

SRM 4274

5 mL of 1 M HCl in ampoule

166mHo = (19.3 ± 0.16) kBq g-1

SRM 4288B

5 mL of 0.001 M KOH in ampoule

99Tc = (31.55 ± 0.21) kBq g-1

SRM 4320b

5 mL of 1 M HNO3 in ampoule

244Cm = (35.47 ± 0.50) Bq g-1

SRM 4321d

5 mL of 1 M HNO3 in ampoule

NU = (486.2 ± 3.8) Bq g-1

SRM 4322C

5 mL of 1 M HNO3 in ampoule

241Am = (106.4 ± 0.3) Bq g-1

SRM 4323c

5 mL of 3.2 M HNO3 in ampoule

238Pu = (22.73 ± 0.11) Bq g-1

SRM 4324B

5 mL of 2 M HNO3 in ampoule

232U = (38.22 ± 0.31) Bq g-1

SRM 4326a

5 mL of 2 M HNO3 in ampoule

209Po = (39.01 ± 0.18) Bq g-1

SRM 4328C

5 mL of 1.1 M HNO3 in ampoule

229Th = (35.29 ± 0.21) Bq g-1

SRM 4329

5 mL of 1 M HNO3 in ampoule

243Cm = (69.50 ± 0.97) Bq g-1

SRM 4330C

5 mL of 3.4 M HNO3 in ampoule

239Pu = (38.41 ± 0.46) Bq g-1

SRM 4332E

5 mL of 1.1 M HNO3 in ampoule

243Am = (38.49 ± 0.35) Bq g-1

SRM 4334j

5 mL of 3 M HNO3 in ampoule

242Pu = (26.08 ± 0.13) Bq g-1

SRM 4337

5 mL of 1 M HNO3 in ampoule

210Pb = (9.037 ± 0.22) kBq g-1

SRM 4338A

5 mL of 2.8 M HNO3 in ampoule

240Pu = (40.88 ± 0.31) Bq g-1

SRM 4339b

5 mL of 1.3 M HNO3 in ampoule

228Ra = (195 ± 14) Bq g-1

SRM 4340B

5 mL of 2.8 M HNO3 in ampoule

241Pu = (258.5 ± 9.8) Bq g-1

SRM 4341a

5 mL of 2 M HNO3 in ampoule

237Np = (152.3 ± 1.4) Bq g-1

SRM 4342A

5 mL of 1.3 M HNO3 in ampoule

230Th = (40.83 ± 0.16) Bq g-1

SRM 4361C

500 mL of H2O in serum vial

3H = (2.009 ± 0.015) Bq g-1

SRM 4370C

5 mL of 1 M HCL in ampoule

152Eu = (93.90 ± 1.0) kBq g-1

SRM 4401L

5 mL of H2O in ampoule

131I = (5.345 ± 0.037) MBq g-1

SRM 4404L

5 mL of dilute HNO3 in ampoule

201Tl = (8.208 ± 0.064) MBq g-1

SRM 4407L

5 mL of H2O in ampoule

125I = (2.703 ± 0.021) MBq g-1

SRM 4410H

5 mL of dilute KOH in ampoule

99mTc = () MBq g-1

SRM 4412L

5 mL of dilute HNO3 in ampoule

99Mo = (15.39 ± 0.11) MBq g-1

SRM 4415L

5 cm3 of gas in ampoule

133Xe = (XX ± 0.68%) GBq g-1

SRM 4416L

5 mL of dilute HCL in ampoule

67Ga = (4.006 ± 0.024) MBq g-1

SRM 4417L

5 mL of dilute HCL in ampoule

111In = (9.239 ± 0.050) MBq g-1

SRM 4427L

5 mL of dilute HCL in ampoule

90Y = (7.385 ± 0.047) MBq g-1

SRM 4915F

5 mL of 1.1 M HCL in ampoule

60Co = (58.29 ± 0.29) kBq g-1

SRM 4919I

5 mL of 1.0 M HCL in ampoule

90Sr = (4.261 ± 0.020) kBq g-1

SRM 4926E

20 mL of 3HHO in Serum Vial

3H = (5.038 ± 0.036) kBq g-1

SRM 4927g

5 mL of 3HHO in ampoule

3H = (544.2 ± 5.2) kBq g-1

SRM 4929F

5 mL of 1 M HCL in ampoule

55Fe = (58.43 ± 0.99) kBq g-1

SRM 4943

5 mL of H2O HCL in ampoule

36Cl = (10.95 ± 0.09) kBq g-1

SRM 4949d

5 mL of 1 M HCL in ampoule

129I = (3.747 ± 0.024) kBq g-1

SRM 4965a

5 mL of 1 M HCL in ampoule

226Ra = (30.32 ± 0.39) Bq g-1

SRM 4966A

5 mL of 1.4 M HCL in ampoule

226Ra = (287.6 ± 3.7) Bq g-1

SRM 4967A

5 mL of 1 M HCL in ampoule

226Ra = (2.482 ± 0.030) kBq g-1

SRM 4969

5 mL of 1.5 M HCL in ampoule

226Ra = (3.047 ± 0.055) Bq g-1

SRM 4350B

Powdered River Sediment

85 g per Unit in a polyethylene bottle

Massic Activities (< 0.1 Bq g-1) For:

241Am 152Eu 238Pu

60Co 154Eu 239+240Pu

137Cs 226Ra 240Pu

SRM 4351

Freeze Dried Human Lung

45 g per unit in a 125 mL glass bottle

Massic Activities (Bq g-1) For:

239+240Pu 234U

232Th 238U

SRM 4352

Dried and Ground Human Liver

45 g per unit in a 125 mL glass bottle

Massic Activities (< 0.01 Bq g-1) For:

241Am 239+240Pu

238Pu

SRM 4353A

Dried and Powdered Soil

75 g per unit in a polyethylene bottle

Massic Activities (< 0.1 Bq g-1) For:

137Cs 238Pu 234U

228Ra 239+240Pu 235U

210Pb 90Sr 238U

SRM 4354

Powdered Lake Sediment

25 g per unit in a polyethylene bottle

Massic Activities (< 1 Bq g-1) For:

241Am 235U 228Th

60Co 238U

137Cs 238Pu 232Th

90Sr 239+240Pu

SRM 4355

Dried and Powdered Soil

75 g per unit in a polyethylene bottle

Massic Activities (< 0.1 Bq g-1) For:

241Am 154Eu 228Th

60Co 155Eu 230Th

137Cs 239+240Pu 232Th

152Eu 125Sb

SRM 4356

Ashed Human and Bovine Bone

15 g per unit in a glass bottle

Massic Activities (< 0.1 Bq g-1) For:

60Co 239+240Pu 230Th

137Cs 90Sr 232Th

226Ra 234U

238Pu 238U

SRM 4357

Powdered Ocean Sediment

85 g per unit in a polyethylene bottle

Massic Activities (< 1 Bq g-1) For:

40K 238Pu 230Th

226Ra 90Sr 232Th

228Ra 228Th

SRM 4358

Freeze Dried Shellfish

150 g per unit in a polyethylene bottle

Massic Activities (< 1 Bq g-1) For:

241Am 238Pu 228Th

137Cs 239+240Pu 230Th

40K 234U 232Th

228Ra 235U

210Pb 238U

SRM 4359

Freeze Dried Seaweed Powder

300 g per unit in a glass bottle

Massic Activities (< 1 Bq g-1) For:

241Am 210Po 234U

137Cs 238Pu 235U

40K 239+240Pu 238U

228Ra 239Pu 232Th

210Pb

SRM 4600

Silicate Glass Powder

25 g per unit in a polyethylene bottle

Massic Activities (< 2 Bq g-1) For: NU

n(234U)/n(U) = TBD n(235U)/n(U) = TBD

n(236U)/n(U) = TBD n(238U)/n(U) = TBD

SRM 4601

Silicate Glass Powder

25 g per unit in a polyethylene bottle

Massic Activities (< 5 Bq g-1) For: HEU

n(234U)/n(U) = TBD n(235U)/n(U) = TBD

n(236U)/n(U) = TBD n(238U)/n(U) = TBD






11. Are there particular radioactivity SRMs from Table 1 or other nuclear/radiological reference materials that are considered critically important by your group/organization? Please indicate which materials, how they are used, and estimate a rate of consumption.

Reference Material

Reference Material Use

Consumption Rate












12. If your group/organization has recommendations for improvements or comments about a specific reference material listed in Table 1, please provide them in the “Recommendations / Comments” field.

SRM

Recommendations / Comments









13. Does your group/organization perform or want to perform nuclear or radiological security measurements for which there is no suitable SRM or CRM? Please list the needed material(s), preferred characteristics for the material, and attributes for certification and/or characterization. Also, please estimate the target uncertainties for certified attributes that are necessary for the reference material to serve the intended purpose.

Material

Material Characteristics

Certified Attributes


Chemical Form


Activity Level


Matrix


Concentration


Unit Size


Isotopic Composition


Container


Uncertainty Level


Other


Other


Material

Material Characteristics

Certified Attributes


Chemical Form


Activity Level


Matrix


Concentration


Unit Size


Isotopic Composition


Container


Uncertainty Level


Other


Other



Calibrations and Measurement Services for Nuclear and Radiological Security


The RPD performs over 40 different calibration services for ionizing radiation. These include dosimetry calibrations, neutron source calibrations, radioactivity calibrations, and sealed source calibrations. Details about these calibration services can be found on the NIST website at: NIST Calibration Services


14. Table 2 provides basic information about radioactivity and ionizing radiation calibration services available from NIST. Please review Table 2 and indicate any of these services that your group/organization uses by clicking on the Check Box on the left-hand side of the table.

Table 2. NIST Ionizing Radiation Calibration Services (1/1/2020)

Check

Boxes

Calibration Service

Notes:

Shop.NIST.gov SKU

Absorbed Dose to Water Calibration of a Radiation Detector

In a Co-60 Gamma-Ray Beam (1 dose rate)

46110C

Activation detector irradiation, californium fission neutrons


44080S

Activation detector irradiation, thermal neutrons


44070S

Activation detector irradiation, U-235 fission neutrons, thermal column cavity


44090S

Additional irradiation at non-ambient temperature


49016C

Additional irradiation of a customer supplied dosimeter


49011C

Additional measurement of a transfer dosimeter in the same session


49032C

Additional measurement session of a transfer dosimeter


49031C

Additional measurement session of NIST transfer dosimeters


49021C

Additional Sealed Gamma-Ray Sources

Calibration in terms of air-kerma for γ-ray I-125, Pd-103, & Cs-131

47021C

Air Kerma Calibration of Radiation Detectors in γ -Ray Beams (Cs-137 or Co-60)

In a Cs-137 and/or Co-60 γ-ray Beam (1 dose rate, 1 beam)

46010C

Air-Kerma Calibration of Radiation Instrument in X-Ray Beam


46011C

Alpha and beta-particle-emitting Solid Sources, NIST 2π α/β

Proportional Counter Calibration

43030C

Alpha and beta-particle-emitting Solid Sources, NIST 2π α/β

Proportional Counter Calibration

43031S

Alpha-, Beta-, or Gamma-emitting Radionuclides

(solid, liquid, or gas; special test, other techniques)

43090S

Beta particle source calibrated for radiation protection


47035C

Beta-particle emitting radionuclides

(liquids; special test, liquid scintillation counter)

43060S

Beta-particle emitting radionuclides (liquids; special test, other techniques)


43070S

Beta-particle-emitting Solid Sources (Activity), NIST 2π α/β

Proportional Counter Calibration

43040C

Calibrate additional sources


47011C

Calibrate one source


47010C

Gamma-ray emitting radionuclides (liquid; t1/2<15d)


43020C

Gamma-ray emitting radionuclides (liquid; t1/2>15d)


43010C

Ionization chamber calibrated w/ beta sources for radiation protection

Ionization chambers calibrated with beta-particle. Calibrated with Sr-90 + Y-90 or Kr-85

47036C

Irradiation of a customer supplied dosimeter with Co-60 gamma-rays


49010C

Irradiation of Passive Dosimeters (up to six), additional dosimeters


46021C

Irradiation of Passive Dosimeters (up to six), first set-up


46020C

Measurement of additional NIST transfer dosimeter, same session


49022C

Measurement of calibrated alanine transfer dosimeters irradiated by the customer


49030C

Measurement of calibrated alanine transfer dosimeters irradiated by the customer


49020C

Mixed-alpha-particle-emitting Solid Sources, NIST 2π α/β

Proportional Counter in conjunction with Solid State Detector Calibration

43050C

Neutron Personnel Protection Instrumentation/Dosimeters, Cf-252 fission neutrons

Irradiate dosimeters or calibrate instruments with unmoderated and/or D2O-moderated neutrons

44060C

Radioactive neutron sources emission rates (10^5 per second to 10^8 per second)


44010C

Radioactive neutron sources emission rates (10^8 per second to 10^10 per second)


44020C

Sealed Gamma-Ray Sources

Calibration in terms of air-kerma for γ-ray sources of I-125,

Pd-103, & Cs-131

47020C


Setup for non-ambient irradiation temperature


49015C

Special Measurement Services


49050S

Special Test of X and Gamma Ray Measuring Instruments


46050S

Special Tests of Beam Dosimeters


48020S

Special Tests of Gamma-Ray and Beta-Particle Sources


47040S

Special tests of neutron instrumentation, dosimeters, or other devices


44100S

Well ionization chamber calibration with electronic brachytherapy source


46012C

Well ionization chamber calibration with electronic brachytherapy sources


46013C


15. Does your group/organization extensively use any of the NIST calibration services listed in Table 2 for nuclear and radiological security related measurements? Please indicate what services your group/organization uses and to what extent these services are needed (number of calibrations, frequency, etc.).

Calibration Service

Extent of Calibrations









16. Does your group/organization currently provide calibration services for nuclear and radiological security related measurements? Please described the type of calibration services provided by your group/organization.

Calibration Services Provided




17. If currently available calibration services do not meet your group/organization needs, please provide specific information about the parameters of an adequate calibration program (specific calibration, turn-around times, etc.).

Calibration Service

Desirable Parameters

Calibration Type


Turn-Around Time


Target Uncertainties


Other



18. Please provide any additional comments or suggestions about calibration services for Nuclear and Radiological Security.

Suggestions / Comments



11 A Federal agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required to respond to, nor shall a person be subject to a penalty for failure to comply with an information collection subject to the requirements of the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 unless the information collection has a currently valid OMB Control Number. The approved OMB Control Number for this information collection is 0693-0033. Without this approval, we could not conduct this information collection. Public reporting for this information collection is estimated to be approximately 2 hours per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the information collection. All responses to this information collection are voluntary. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this information collection, including suggestions for reducing this burden to the National Institute of Standards and Technology, Attn: Richard Essex, 100 Bureau Drive, Bldg 456, Gaithersburg, MD 20899. E-mail: Richard.essex@nist.gov.



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