Information Collection Requirements in 42 CFR 412.105(f) and 42 CFR 413.75(d)
Indirect Medical Education and Direct Graduate Medical Education CMS-R-64
BACKGROUND
Section 1886(d)(5)(B) of the Social Security Act requires additional payments to be made under the Medicare Prospective Payment System (PPS) for the indirect medical educational costs a hospital incurs in connection with interns and residents (IRs) in approved teaching programs. In addition, Title 42, Part 413, sections 75 through 83 implement section 1886(d) of the Act by establishing the methodology for Medicare payment of the cost of direct graduate medical educational activities. These payments, which are adjustments (add-ons) to other payments made to a hospital under PPS, are largely determined by the number of
full-time equivalent (FTE) IRs that work at a hospital during its cost reporting period. In Federal fiscal year (FY) 2015, the estimated Medicare program payments for indirect medical education (IME) costs amounted to $8.38 billion. Medicare program payments for direct graduate medical education (GME) are also based upon the number of FTE-IRs that work at a hospital.
In FY 2015, the estimated Medicare program payments for GME costs amounted to $3.1 billion.
Since it is important to accurately count the number of FTE-IRs working at each hospital, original approval was obtained from the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) in 1985 to collect the IR information required in 42 CFR 412.105(f), under OMB control number 0938-0456. On September 20, 2013, OMB extended its approval for the continuation of these requirements until September 30, 2016.
At this time, we are seeking an extension of OMB's current approval for the collection of information required in 42 CFR 412.105(f), presently approved under OMB control number
0938-0456.
Need and Legal Basis
During the first 3 months of PPS only those IRs that were employed by a hospital could be included in the IME calculation. Accordingly, a hospital’s FTE-IR count could be determined and verified from readily available accounting data such as payroll records.
With cost reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 1984, hospitals were permitted to include IRs in their IME calculation that worked at the hospital but were employed by an organization with which it had a long-standing relationship. While this was an important change, it did not present any special problems in counting and verifying the number of FTE-IRs at each
hospital. However, section 1886 (d)(5)(B)(iii) of the Act also provides for all IRs in approved programs working at a hospital to be included in the IR calculation regardless of the entity which employs them.
This change, which was effective for cost reporting periods beginning on or after October 1, 1984, necessitates that specific data be collected from the hospitals in order to properly count FTE-IRs, because data such as payroll records could no longer be used to document IR services. This is because many IRs are actually employed by only one entity, but routinely work at several different hospitals during an academic year.
42 CFR 412.105(f) which was previously codified at 42 CFR 412.105(g) provides the rules for counting IRs pursuant to the amendments enacted by the Deficit Reduction Act of 1984 (Public Law 98-369). In part, these rules explain that no IR is counted as more than one FTE, regardless of the number of hospitals in which he or she may be providing service. In addition, 42 CFR 412.105(f) requires hospitals to submit an annual report which lists each IR that worked at the facility. While the listing reflects the hospital's determination of its FTE-IR count,
it serves as the basis for CMS to verify the accuracy of the count as well as ensuring that no IR is counted as more than one FTE.
To implement the data collection requirements of 42 CFR 412.105(f) (previously codified at 42 CFR 405.477 and at
42 CFR 412.118), a Notice of New System of Records was published in the Federal Register on February 15, 1985 (50 FR 6335), pursuant to the Privacy Act of 1974. This notice explained that hospitals would be required to submit quarterly reports containing the actual number of
hours worked by each IR at the hospital during each month. However, this reporting requirement was not implemented because of the recordkeeping burden it placed on hospitals. Based upon comments received on the notice, and an analysis of graduate teaching programs, the reporting requirements were changed to a once a year-one day count. In general, the report hospitals needed to submit was based upon a census of IRs working at the hospital on September 1 of each year.
The propriety of this single date method of counting IRs as being reflective of the actual intensity of IR services at a hospital throughout a cost reporting period is predicated on the fact that there is a general consistency in IR rotations among hospitals.
Effective with cost reporting periods beginning on or after July 1, 1991, the number of IRs included in the IME calculation is based upon the total time necessary to fill an IR slot. This means that the amount of time spent by each IR at each PPS hospital where that individual may work during the providers' cost reporting periods must be determined. While this methodology is significantly more detailed than the one day count, because it requires a definitive tracking and measurement of IR time, it is superior to the one-day count. Specifically, the new methodology provides for a more precise measurement of IR services by capturing fluctuations in the number of IRs working in the hospitals throughout their cost reporting periods. In addition, there is a greater potential for abuse using the one-day count methodology than there is under the new methodology. For example, an IR may work at a PPS hospital for a portion of September 1, and be
reported by that hospital for IME. However, the IR may also have worked at another hospital on September 1, which will also report the IR for the calculation of its IME payment. These situations, if undetected, result in duplicate program payments.
42 CFR 412.105(f) provides the rules for counting IRs effective with cost reporting periods beginning on or after July 1, 1991. In part, these rules explain that no IR may be counted as more than one FTE. In addition, if a resident is assigned to more than one hospital, the individual counts as a partial FTE based upon the portion of time worked in the portion of the hospital subject to PPS, to the total time worked at all hospitals. A
part-time resident is counted as a partial FTE based upon the amount of time worked in the portion of a hospital subject to PPS, to the total time necessary to fill a full-time IR slot.
To re-implement the data collection requirements of 42 CFR 412.105(f) and to implement similar requirements of 42 CFR 413.86(i), a Notice of Modified or Altered System of Records (SOR)--Intern and Resident Information System (IRIS) was prepared pursuant to the Privacy Act of 1974; it was originally published in the Federal Register on Tuesday, July 23, 2002. This notice was revised several years later to include 42 CFR 413.75(d) which was originally codified at 42 CFR 413.86(i), and it was published in the Federal Register on Monday, December 10, 2007.
The information collected on IRs is used by Part A Medicare Administrative Contractors (MAC) to verify the number of IRs used in the calculation of Medicare program payments for IME as well as GME.
The IR data collected from the hospitals is processed through computers at MACs to identify any duplicated time based upon the accumulated time of each individual that worked at one or more hospitals. The identification of duplicate IRs is necessary to ensure that no IR is counted more than once. The workload associated with these
processes involves approximately 123,420 IRs and 1,245 teaching hospitals.
The MACs use the information collected on IRs to help ensure that all program payments for IME and GME are based upon an accurate number of FTE-IRs, determined in accordance with Medicare regulations. The IR data submitted by the hospitals are used by the MACs during their audits of the providers' cost reports. The audit procedures help assure that the information reported was correct, and that IRs who should not have been reported by the hospitals (or portions of the IRs’ time) are not included in the FTE count. The MACs also use reports of duplicate IRs to prevent improper payment for IME and GME. If it is determined that a hospital has been inappropriately reimbursed for IME and/or GME, immediate corrective action is taken.
In accordance with the provisions of the Notice of Modified or Altered SOR-IRIS, hospitals will report the required information into two files on an IRIS diskette/CD by using their copy of CMS’ IRIS data collection program currently called IRISV3 (Attachment 1, Page 5-1). Thus there is no hard copy or paper reporting of the information for burden to be associated with. The burden associated with computer input generation is greatly reduced by a download feature in IRISV3 which allows hospitals to electronically import their IR data files created outside of the IRISV3 program into IRISV3 (Attachment 1, Pages 4-14,15).
IRISV3, a DOS-based application, is an improved version of CMS' former IRIS data collection program called IRIS95.
This program incorporates recommendations made by an IRIS workgroup of hospital, Medicare Part A fiscal intermediary (FI), and CMS participants during May 1997 for reducing the electronic reporting burden of IRIS95 on hospital administrators. These recommendations included the reprogramming of IRIS95 for Y2K certification, elimination of redundant questions on foreign medical school graduates, and reproduction of IRISV3 data entry instructions within the IRISV3 program (the Help screens
and code tables) in the IRISV3 Operating Instructions. IRISV3 is currently operable in Windows-based computers that are capable of running DOS programs.
Hospitals may also create their own IRIS diskettes/CDs with IR data files that are not edited by IRISV3. These diskettes/CDs are acceptable upon passing all IRIS system edits in IRISEDV3 (Attachment 2, pages 6-8, 10, & 11), a DOS-based application that was developed by CO for editing IR data files on IRIS diskettes/CDs. CO initially distributed this application to hospitals and FIs in
June 2002 to ensure that hospital created IRIS diskettes/CDs with unedited IR data pass all IRIS system edits. IRISEDV3 is also currently operable in
Windows-based computers that are capable of running DOS programs. Both of these applications are currently available at: www.cms.gov\Research-Statistics-Data-and- Systems/Computer-Data-and-Systems/IRIS.
The American Medical Association (AMA) and the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) were contacted because they also monitor IR activities. However, it was determined that they do not collect all of the information needed to calculate payments for IME and GME in accordance with Medicare regulations. Accordingly, the data collection does not result in a duplication of effort.
In addition, both 42 CFR 412.105, which pertains to IME, and 42 CFR 413.75, which pertains to GME, require hospitals to report much of the same information on IRs; most of the data required by these rules have been consolidated for IME and GME in IRISV3. Accordingly, the burden associated with these rules has been reduced, because hospitals will only be required to submit one IR data report per year.
These requirements do not significantly impact small business.
The information is submitted only once a year, at the same time that the hospitals submit their Medicare cost reports. The data collection supports the hospital's claim for reimbursement for IME and GME, and is the basis for verifying the accuracy of this claim through the cost report audit and settlement process. Accordingly, if this information were received less frequently than the Medicare cost report it supports, the settlement process would be disrupted. This means that the MACs may need to perform costly reopenings at a later date and, depending upon the circumstances, result in outstanding overpayments or underpayments to the hospitals.
There are no special circumstances associated with this collection.
The 60-day Federal Register notice was published on July 19, 2016 (81FR46926). The 30-day Federal Register notice on October 31, 2016 (81FR75409).
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Four individuals were contacted to discuss the availability of data, frequency of collection, and clarity of instructions and reporting format. In addition, arrangements were made with the AAMC to test IRISV3 and IRISV3 Operating Instructions for collecting IR data; similar arrangements were made with Johns Hopkins Hospital to test IRISEDV3 for editing IR data. Disclosure of information obtained from the data collection was published in the Federal Register on December 10, 2007, as part of the Notice of Modified or Altered SOR--IRIS.
The names and phone numbers of the individuals contacted are as follows:
American Medical Association
Derek Smart, Division of Survey & Data Resources, 312-464-4825
Association of American Medical Colleges Hershel Alexander, Operations and Services,
202-828-0649
Tenet Healthcare, Government Programs
Keith Bremner, Senior Reimbursement Specialist, 469-893-6706
Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Laura Robbins, Registrar’s Office,
410-614-7013
There is no payment or gift made to any respondent.
The data collected on IRs is protected under Privacy Act System Number 09-70-0524, Intern and Resident Information System, HHS, CMS, Office of Financial Management, Federal Register/ Volume 72/ No. 236/ Monday, December 10, 2007, pages 69691-69696.
There are no questions of a sensitive nature involved in the IR data collection.
The burden associated with the information collection is based upon the time attributable to each hospital in maintaining minimal records, and preparing and forwarding the annual report to the MAC.
In order to determine a hospital's IR count in accordance with the regulations, hospitals must report the name, social security number, and dates that each IR was assigned to the hospital, and the dates they were assigned to other hospitals or other freestanding providers and
non-provider settings during the cost reporting period.
In addition, the hospitals must report each IR's specialty, and the portion of total time necessary to fill the residency slot in which the IRs worked, either in an area of the hospital subject to PPS, or the hospital's
outpatient department.
It is estimated that each hospital will spend 2 hours preparing the information for the IR collection. Burden is calculated as follows:
1,245 PPS hospitals which participate in approved medical education programs multiplied by 2 hours per report equals 2,490 burden hours.
Cost to Respondents:
Total costs for all hospitals for annual reporting is estimated at $89,640 per year as follows:
2,490 burden hours multiplied by the composite rate of
$36 per hour (U.S. Dept. of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Accountants & Auditors, Standard Occupational Classification System Code No.
13-2011, May 2015) equals $89,640.
There are no capital and startup costs or operation and maintenance costs associated with this collection.
Federal government cost for data entry and processing is estimated to be $6,652 per year. This estimate includes the time and costs of a computer specialist/business owner for administering the IRIS system, and peripheral costs (computer usage/programming, data transmission/storage, printouts, etc.), as follows:
Computer Specialist/Business Owner (116 hours at
$49 per hour) $5,684
Peripheral Costs 968
Total Federal Government Costs $6,652
The increase in burden from 2,150 hours as shown on CMS' previous Request for OMB Review, to 2,490 hours shown above, directly reflects an increase in the number of
hospitals.
There are no plans to publish the information collected under this submission.
Upon receiving OMB approval, CMS will publish a notice in the Federal Register to inform the public of both the approval as well as the expiration date.
There are no exceptions to the certification statement.
Not applicable.
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| Author | OFM/FSG/DPAO |
| File Modified | 0000-00-00 |
| File Created | 2021-01-23 |