Agricultural Prices (Prices Paid and Prices Received) Publication

0003 - Agricultural Prices - April 30, 2012.pdf

Agricultural Prices

Agricultural Prices (Prices Paid and Prices Received) Publication

OMB: 0535-0003

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Agricultural Prices
ISSN: 1937-4216

Released April 30, 2012, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of
Agriculture (USDA).

Special Note
Fluid and manufacturing grade milk price and fat test estimates were discontinued in January 2011. Annual revised
estimates for 2010 fluid and manufacturing grade milk prices and fat tests are published in the Annual Milk
Production, Disposition, and Income Report. Monthly and annual revisions are available from the NASS searchable
Quick Stats data base.

April Farm Prices Received Index Down 7 Points
The preliminary All Farm Products Index of Prices Received by Farmers in April, at 177 percent, based on
1990-1992=100, decreased 7 points (3.8 percent) from March. The Crop Index is down 5 points (2.4 percent) and the
Livestock Index decreased 7 points (4.4 percent). Producers received lower prices for broilers, corn, cattle, and eggs and
higher prices for soybeans, onions, hay, and oranges. In addition to prices, the overall index is also affected by the
seasonal change based on a 3-year average mix of commodities producers sell. Increased monthly movement of cattle,
strawberries, milk, and broilers offset the decreased marketing of soybeans, corn, wheat, and cotton.
The preliminary All Farm Products Index is up 1 point (0.6 percent) from April 2011. The Food Commodities Index, at
166, decreased 5 points (2.9 percent) from last month but is unchanged from April 2011.

Prices Paid Index Unchanged
The April Index of Prices Paid for Commodities and Services, Interest, Taxes, and Farm Wage Rates (PPITW) is
21 percent of the 1990 1992 average. The index is unchanged from March but 10 points above (4.9 percent) April 2011.
Higher prices in April for complete feeds, concentrates, hay & forages, and supplements offset lower prices for feeder
cattle, feeder pigs, feed grains, and LP gas.
Prices Received, Prices Paid, and Ratio of Prices Received to Prices Paid Indexes 1990-1992 Base –
United States: April 2012 with Comparisons
Index

April
2011

March
2012

April
2012

Prices received by farmers .........................................................................

176

184

177

Prices paid by farmers ................................................................................

203

213

213

Ratio of prices received to prices paid ........................................................

87

86

83

Contents
Prices Received by Farmers .................................................................................................................................................... 5
Prices Received Indexes – United States: April 2012 with Comparisons ............................................................................... 6
Prices Received and Prices Paid Indexes by Month for Selected Groups – United States: 2011 and 2012,
1990-1992 Base ................................................................................................................................................................... 6
Received and Paid Indexes, Annual Average – United States: 1990-1992=100 Chart........................................................... 7
Crop Farm Received and Paid Indexes, All Items by Quarter –
United States: 1990-1992=100 Chart................................................................................................................................... 8
Livestock Farm Received and Paid Indexes All Items by Quarter –
United States: 1990-1992=100 Chart................................................................................................................................... 8
Received Indexes by Month, Livestock Products, All Products, and All Crops –
United States: 1990-1992=100 Chart................................................................................................................................... 9
Received Indexes by Month, Food Grains, Feed Grains & Hay, and Oilseeds –
United States: 1990-1992=100 Chart................................................................................................................................... 9
Received Indexes by Month, Fruit & Nut and Commercial Vegetables –
United States: 1990-1992=100 Chart................................................................................................................................. 10
Received Indexes by Month, Meat Animal, Dairy Products, and Poultry & Eggs –
United States: 1990-1992=100 Chart................................................................................................................................. 10
Prices Received for Field Crops and Fruits – United States: April 2012 with Comparisons ................................................ 11
Prices Received for Vegetables and Livestock – United States: April 2012 with Comparisons .......................................... 12
Prices Received for Corn by Month – United States Chart ................................................................................................... 13
Prices Received for Wheat by Month – United States Chart ................................................................................................ 13
Prices Received for Upland Cotton by Month – United States Chart ................................................................................... 14
Prices Received for Soybeans by Month – United States Chart ........................................................................................... 14
Prices Received for Cattle by Month – United States Chart ................................................................................................. 15
Prices Received for Milk by Month – United States Chart ................................................................................................... 15
Prices Received for Hogs by Month – United States Chart .................................................................................................. 16
Prices Received for Poultry by Month – United States Chart ............................................................................................... 16
Prices Received for All Wheat, Corn, and Soybeans by Month – United States: 2012 with Comparisons .......................... 17
Prices Received for Beef Cattle and All Hogs by Month – United States: 2012 with Comparisons .................................... 17
Prices Received for All Wheat – States and United States: April 2012 with Comparisons .................................................. 18
Prices Received for Winter Wheat – States and United States: April 2012 with Comparisons ............................................ 18
Prices Received for Durum Wheat – States and United States: April 2012 with Comparisons............................................ 19
Prices Received for Spring Wheat – States and United States: April 2012 with Comparisons ............................................ 19
Prices Received for All Barley – States and United States: April 2012 with Comparisons.................................................. 20
Prices Received for Malting Barley – States: April 2012 with Comparisons ....................................................................... 20
Prices Received for Feed Barley – States: April 2012 with Comparisons ............................................................................ 20
Prices Received for Corn – States and United States: April 2012 with Comparisons .......................................................... 21
Prices Received for Soybeans – States and United States: April 2012 with Comparisons ................................................... 21
Prices Received for Oats – States and United States: April 2012 with Comparisons ........................................................... 22
Prices Received for Sorghum Grain – States and United States: April 2012 with Comparisons.......................................... 22
Prices Received for Dry Beans – States and United States: April 2012 with Comparisons ................................................. 23
Prices Received for Peanuts (In-Shell) – States and United States: April 2012 with Comparisons ..................................... 23
Prices Received for Sunflower – States and United States: April 2012 with Comparisons .................................................. 24
Prices Received for Canola – States and United States: April 2012 with Comparisons ....................................................... 24
Prices Received for Flaxseed – States and United States: April 2012 with Comparisons .................................................... 24
Prices Received for Upland Cotton and Cottonseed – States and United States: April 2012 with Comparisons ................. 25
Prices Received and Farm Marketings for Upland Cotton and Rice – United States: April 2012
with Comparisons .............................................................................................................................................................. 25
Prices Received for Hay by Type – States and United States: April 2012 with Comparisons ............................................. 26
Prices Received for Apples – States and United States: April 2012 with Comparisons ....................................................... 26
Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization – States and United States: April 2011 ..................................................... 27
Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization – States and United States: March 2012 ................................................... 28
2

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization – States and United States: April 2012 ..................................................... 29
Prices Received for Potatoes – States and United States: April 2012 with Comparisons..................................................... 30
Prices Received for All Milk – States and United States: April 2012 with Comparisons .................................................... 31
Prices Received for Milk Cows – States and United States: April 2012 with Comparisons ................................................ 32
Commodity Parity Prices and Price as Percent of Parity Price – United States: April 2012 with Comparisons .................. 33
Commodity Parity Prices – United States: April 2012 with Comparisons ........................................................................... 34
Marketing Year for Specified Commodities ......................................................................................................................... 36
Prices Received for Broilers by Month – United States: 2006-2011 .................................................................................... 36
Prices Received for Turkeys by Month – United States: 2006-2011 .................................................................................... 36
Prices Received for All Eggs by Month – United States: 2006-2011 ................................................................................... 37
Prices Received for Market Eggs by Month – United States: 2006-2011 ............................................................................ 37
Prices Received for All Milk Sold at Plants by Month – States and United States: 2010 .................................................... 38
Prices Received for All Milk Sold at Plants by Month – States and United States: 2011 .................................................... 39
Prices Received for All Milk Sold at Plants, Monthly Fat Test – States and United States: 2010 ....................................... 40
Prices Received for All Milk Sold at Plants, Monthly Fat Test – States and United States: 2011 ....................................... 41
Adjustment for Seasonal Variation – All Eggs and All Milk ............................................................................................... 42
Prices Received for All Eggs Adjusted for Seasonal Variation by Month – United States: 2008-2011............................... 42
Prices Received for All Eggs as a Percentage of Parity Price by Month – United States: 2008-2011 ................................. 42
Prices Received for All Eggs Adjustment Factors by Month – United States: 2008-2011................................................... 42
Prices Received for All Milk Adjusted for Seasonal Variation by Month – United States: 2008-2011 ............................... 43
Prices Received for All Milk as a Percentage of Parity Price by Month – United States: 2008-2011.................................. 43
Prices Received for All Milk Adjustment Factors by Month – United States: 2008-2011 ................................................... 43
Prices Received 1990-1992 Base Indexes Monthly and Annual Average – United States: 2008-2012 ............................... 44
Prices Received 1910-1914 Base Indexes Monthly and Annual Average – United States: 2008-2012 .............................. 46
Reliability of Prices Received Estimates .............................................................................................................................. 48
Prices Paid by Farmers.......................................................................................................................................................... 49
Prices Paid Indexes and Related Parity Ratios – United States: April 2012 with Comparisons ........................................... 50
Prices Paid Indexes and Annual Weights for Input Components and Sub-Components – United States:
April 2012 with Comparisons............................................................................................................................................ 51
Paid Indexes by Month, All Items and Production Items –
United States: 1990-1992=100 Chart ................................................................................................................................ 52
Paid Indexes, Annual Averages, Production Items, Interest, Taxes, and Wages –
United States: 1990-1992=100 Chart ................................................................................................................................ 52
Paid Indexes by Farm Type, All Items – United States: 1990-1991=100 Chart ................................................................... 53
Paid Indexes by Origin, All Production Items – United States: 1990-1992=100 Chart ....................................................... 53
Paid Indexes by Non-Farm Sector, Supplies & Repairs, Fertilizer, Machinery, and Fuel –
United States: 1990-1992=100 Chart ................................................................................................................................ 54
Paid Indexes by Month, Feed and Replacement Livestock – United States: 1990-1992=100 Chart.................................... 54
Feed Price Ratios – United States: April 2012 with Comparisons ....................................................................................... 55
Prices Received Used to Calculate Feed Price Ratios – United States: April 2012 with Comparisons................................ 55
Prices Paid for Feeder Livestock – United States: April 2012 with Comparisons................................................................ 56
Prices Paid and Value of Hatchery Production for Poultry – United States: 2009-2011 ...................................................... 56
Prices Paid for Fuels – Region and United States: March 2012 with Comparisons ............................................................. 56
Prices Paid for Feed – United States: 2010-2012.................................................................................................................. 57
Prices Paid for Feed – Farm Production Regions and United States: March 2012 ............................................................... 58
Prices Paid for Seeds – United States: 2010-2012 ................................................................................................................ 60
Price Paid for Fertilizer – United States: 2010-2012 ............................................................................................................ 61
Prices Paid for Fertilizer – Fertilizer Regions and United States: March 2012 .................................................................... 62
Prices Paid for Machinery – United States: 2010-2012 ........................................................................................................ 64
Prices Paid for Chemicals – United States: 2010-2012 ........................................................................................................ 66
Prices Paid 1990-1992 Base Indexes Monthly and Annual Average – United States: 2008-2012 ....................................... 68
Prices Paid 1990-1992 Base Index Sub-Components Monthly and Annual Average – United States: 2008-2012 ............. 72
Prices Paid 1910-1914 Base Indexes Monthly and Annual Average – United States: 2008-2012 ...................................... 76
Farm Production Regions Map ............................................................................................................................................. 79
Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

3

Fertilizer Regions Map .......................................................................................................................................................... 80
Reliability of Prices Paid Estimates ...................................................................................................................................... 81
Information Contacts ............................................................................................................................................................. 82

4

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Prices Received by Farmers
The April All Farm Products Index is 177 percent of its 1990-1992 base, down 3.8 percent from the March index but
0.6 percent above the April 2011 index.
All crops: The April index, at 205, decreased 2.4 percent from March but is 2.5 percent above April 2011. Index
decreases for feed grains & hay and food grains more than offset the index increases for oilseeds, fruits & nuts, and
commercial vegetables.
Food grains: The April index, at 223, is down 1.8 percent from the previous month and 8.6 percent below a year ago. The
April price for all wheat, at $6.87 per bushel, is down 32 cents from March and $1.14 below April 2011.
Feed grains & hay: The April index, at 265, declined 2.2 percent from last month but is 0.8 percent higher than a year
ago. The corn price, at $6.14 per bushel, is down 21 cents from last month and 22 cents below April 2011. The all hay
price, at $190 per ton, is up $47.00 from March and $9.00 from last April. Sorghum grain, at $10.40 per cwt, is 50 cents
below March and down $1.30 from April last year.
Cotton, Upland: The April index, at 151, is up 1.3 percent from March and 5.6 percent above last year. The April price,
at 91.6 cents per pound, is up 1.4 cents from the previous month and 4.9 cents from last April.
Oilseeds: The April index, at 247, is up 6.0 percent from March and 5.1 percent higher than April 2011. The soybean
price, at $13.80 per bushel, increased 80 cents from March and is 70 cents above April 2011.
Fruits & nuts: The April index, at 169, is up 4.3 percent from March and 17 percent higher than a year ago. Price
increases for oranges and strawberries more than offset the price decrease for apples.
Commercial vegetables: The April index, at 130, is up 4.8 percent from last month but 18 percent below April 2011.
Price increases during April for onions and lettuce more than offset price declines for sweet corn and tomatoes.
Potatoes & dry beans: The April index, at 192, is up 5.5 percent from last month and 2.1 percent above April 2011. The
all potato price, at $10.57 per cwt, is up 59 cents from March but down 60 cents from last April. The all dry bean price, at
$47.90 per cwt, is up 80 cents from the previous month and $16.10 higher than April 2011.
Livestock and products: The April index, at 153, is down 4.4 percent from last month and 1.9 percent from April 2011.
Compared with a year ago, prices are lower for milk, eggs, and hogs. Prices for cattle, broilers, calves, and turkeys are up
from last year.
Meat animals: The April index, at 163, is down 1.8 percent from last month but 3.2 percent higher than last year. The
April hog price, at $62.60 per cwt, is down $2.60 from March and $5.20 lower than a year ago. The April beef cattle price
of $125 per cwt is down $3.00 from last month but $6.00 higher than April 2011.
Dairy products: The April index, at 129, is down 2.3 percent from a month ago and 14 percent lower than April last year.
The April all milk price of $16.90 per cwt is down 30 cents from last month and $2.70 lower than April 2011.
Poultry & eggs: The April index, at 159, is down 8.6 percent from March but 0.6 percent above a year ago. The April
market egg price, at 64.2 cents per dozen, decreased 14.9 cents from March and is 24.5 cents below April 2011. The April
broiler price, at 51.0 cents per pound, is 6.0 cents lower than March but 2.0 cents above a year ago. The April turkey
price, at 73.4 cents per pound, is up 4.4 cents from the previous month and 7.7 cents from a year earlier.

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

5

Prices Received Indexes – United States: April 2012 with Comparisons
[Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov]
1910-1914 Base
Index

1990-1992 Base

1990-1992
Average

April
2011

March
2012

April
2012

April
2011

March
2012

April
2012

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

All products ............................................

639

1115

1166

1122

176

184

177

All crops .................................................
Food grains ........................................
Feed grains & hay ..............................
Cotton, Upland ...................................
Tobacco .............................................
Oilseeds .............................................
Fruits & nuts .......................................
Commercial vegetables ......................
Potatoes & dry beans .........................
Other crops ........................................

500
325
363
517
1263
554
716
698
540
493

992
774
938
734
1491
1288
1015
1128
955
643

1040
719
967
763
1566
1278
1132
886
925
645

1014
706
944
775
1566
1353
1183
929
972
645

200
244
263
143
99
235
145
158
188
131

210
227
271
149
104
233
162
124
182
131

205
223
265
151
104
247
169
130
192
131

Livestock and products ..........................
Meat animals ......................................
Dairy products ....................................
Poultry & eggs ....................................

768
1021
799
282

1195
1607
1206
444

1223
1695
1058
490

1173
1656
1040
447

156
158
150
158

160
166
132
174

153
163
129
159

Food commodities ..................................

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

166

171

166

(NA) Not available.

Prices Received and Prices Paid Indexes by Month for Selected Groups – United States:
2011 and 2012, 1990-1992 Base
[Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not
yet begun]
Index of prices received
Month

January .............................
February ...........................
March ................................
April ..................................
May ...................................
June ..................................
July ...................................
August ..............................
September ........................
October .............................
November .........................
December .........................

6

All farm
products

Index of prices paid
Livestock
and
products

All
crops

All
items

Production
items

2011

2012

2011

2012

2011

2012

2011

2012

2011

2012

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

166
171
173
176
175
180
181
183
179
184
184
179

188
181
184
177

189
200
198
200
203
209
207
209
203
203
206
198

212
205
210
205

137
144
152
156
152
153
155
158
152
154
157
157

156
158
160
153

195
197
201
203
204
203
204
205
205
205
206
206

209
210
213
213

204
207
212
215
216
215
216
217
218
217
219
218

222
223
226
226

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Received and Paid Indexes, Annual Average –
United States: 1990-1992=100
Percent

230
210
190

170
150
130
110
90
Paid

70
2003

2004

2005

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

Received

2011

2012

7

Crop Farm Received and Paid Indexes,
All Items by Quarter –
United States: 1990-1992=100
Percent

240

220
200
180
160
140
120
100

Paid

Received

80
2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Livestock Farm Received and Paid Indexes,
All Items by Quarter –
United States: 1990-1992=100
Percent

220
200

180
160
140
120
100

Paid

Received

80
2003

8

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Received Indexes by Month,
Livestock Products, All Products, and All Crops –
United States: 1990-1992=100
Percent

230
210
190
170
150
130
110
90
70

Livestock Products

All Products

All Crops

50
2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Received Indexes by Month,
Food Grains, Feed Grains & Hay, and Oilseeds –
United States: 1990-1992=100
Percent

325
275
225
175
125
75
Food Grain

Feed Grain & Hay

Oilseeds

25
2003

2004

2005

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

9

Received Indexes by Month,
Fruit & Nut and Commercial Vegetables –
United States: 1990-1992=100
Percent

300
250
200
150
100
Fruit & Nut

50
2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

Commercial Vegetable

2010

2011

2012

Received Indexes by Month,
Meat Animal, Dairy Product, and Poultry & Egg –
United States: 1990-1992=100
Percent

190
170
150
130
110
90
70
Meat Animal

Dairy Product

Poultry & Egg

50
2003

10

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Prices Received for Field Crops and Fruits – United States: April 2012 with Comparisons
Commodity

Average
1990-1992

April 2011

March 2012

Preliminary
April 2012

Field crops
Austrian winter peas ............................................dollars/cwt
Barley, all ........................................................dollars/bushel
Feed .............................................................dollars/bushel
Malting ..........................................................dollars/bushel
Beans, dry edible .................................................dollars/cwt
Canola .................................................................dollars/cwt
Chickpeas, all ......................................................dollars/cwt
Large .................................................................dollars/cwt
Small .................................................................dollars/cwt
Corn ...............................................................dollars/bushel

(NA)
2.12
1.90
2.43
19.10
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
2.30

18.50
4.41
4.89
4.22
31.80
24.80
36.90
39.70
(D)
6.36

(S)
5.33
4.75
5.42
47.10
27.10
43.40
45.70
36.60
6.35

(S)
5.43
4.56
5.68
47.90
28.70
40.50
42.20
(D)
6.14

Cotton, Upland ................................................ dollars/pound
Cottonseed 1 ........................................................ dollars/ton
Flaxseed .........................................................dollars/bushel
Hay, all, baled ...................................................... dollars/ton
Alfalfa ................................................................ dollars/ton
Other ................................................................. dollars/ton
Lentils ..................................................................dollars/cwt
Oats ................................................................dollars/bushel
Peanuts, in-shell ............................................. dollars/pound
Peas, dry edible ...................................................dollars/cwt

0.606
96.00
4.27
76.30
77.20
60.00
(NA)
1.22
0.304
(NA)

0.867
(NA)
13.50
143.00
161.00
105.00
28.70
3.54
0.231
12.00

0.902
(NA)
13.80
181.00
201.00
139.00
22.60
3.79
0.348
15.70

0.916
(NA)
14.60
190.00
207.00
140.00
22.70
3.60
0.350
16.60

Potatoes ..............................................................dollars/cwt
Rice, all ................................................................dollars/cwt
Long ..................................................................dollars/cwt
Medium and short ..............................................dollars/cwt
Sorghum grain .....................................................dollars/cwt
Soybeans .......................................................dollars/bushel
Sunflowers, all .....................................................dollars/cwt

5.82
7.07
(NA)
(NA)
3.75
5.61
9.50

11.17
13.10
11.20
18.60
11.70
13.10
28.80

9.98
13.60
13.00
15.00
10.90
13.00
28.50

10.57
14.30
13.30
15.90
10.40
13.80
27.90

Wheat, all .......................................................dollars/bushel
Winter ...........................................................dollars/bushel
Durum ...........................................................dollars/bushel
Other spring ..................................................dollars/bushel
Hard red winter 2 ...........................................dollars/bushel
Soft red winter 2 ............................................dollars/bushel
Hard red spring 2 ...........................................dollars/bushel
White 2 ..........................................................dollars/bushel

2.96
2.93
2.86
3.11
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
3.24

8.01
7.37
8.60
8.67
7.50
7.27
8.75
7.06

7.19
6.68
8.35
8.04
6.71
6.69
8.12
6.58

6.87
6.31
8.11
7.92
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)

Fruits
Citrus, equivalent on-tree
Grapefruit ......................................................... dollars/box
Lemons ............................................................. dollars/box
Oranges ............................................................ dollars/box
Tangelos ........................................................... dollars/box
Tangerines and mandarins ............................... dollars/box

5.77
10.10
5.79
5.82
15.11

5.27
8.54
7.00
(NA)
13.53

6.28
13.00
8.12
(NA)
23.52

6.42
15.36
9.34
(NA)
(D)

Noncitrus, fresh
Apples 3 ........................................................ dollars/pound
Grapes 3 ............................................................ dollars/ton
Peaches 3 .......................................................... dollars/ton
Pears 3 ............................................................... dollars/ton
Strawberries ......................................................dollars/cwt

0.212
506.00
432.00
370.00
56.00

0.266
(S)
(S)
599.00
93.50

0.364
(NA)
(S)
379.00
103.00

0.329
(NA)
(S)
357.00
106.00

(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
(NA) Not available.
(S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate.
1
Marketing year August - February.
2
Preliminary estimates not set for this item.
3
Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for California, Michigan, New York (apples only), and Washington (apples, peaches, and pears). Prices as
sold for other states.

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

11

Prices Received for Vegetables and Livestock – United States: April 2012 with Comparisons
[Price data source for livestock and poultry commodities is United States Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Marketing Service]
Commodity

Average
1990-1992

April 2011

March 2012

Preliminary
April 2012

Vegetables, fresh 1
Asparagus ........................................................... dollars/cwt
Beans, snap 2 ...................................................... dollars/cwt
Broccoli ............................................................... dollars/cwt
Cantaloupes 2 ..................................................... dollars/cwt
Carrots ................................................................ dollars/cwt
Cauliflower .......................................................... dollars/cwt
Celery ................................................................. dollars/cwt
Corn, sweet ......................................................... dollars/cwt
Cucumbers 2 ....................................................... dollars/cwt
Lettuce ................................................................ dollars/cwt
Onions 3 .............................................................. dollars/cwt
Tomatoes ............................................................ dollars/cwt

79.80
(NA)
22.50
(NA)
13.20
26.80
11.60
15.70
(NA)
11.90
12.80
32.30

160.00
57.40
33.90
(S)
46.20
43.10
19.30
21.50
26.40
17.80
10.80
67.60

108.00
57.60
31.90
(S)
26.80
39.10
12.50
33.70
20.50
11.80
8.92
36.60

108.00
73.70
22.00
(S)
26.80
28.30
12.40
23.30
23.60
13.60
18.50
25.20

Livestock
Calves ................................................................. dollars/cwt
Cattle, all beef ..................................................... dollars/cwt
Cows 4 .............................................................. dollars/cwt
Steers and heifers ............................................. dollars/cwt
Milk cows 5 ........................................................ dollars/head
Hogs, all .............................................................. dollars/cwt
Barrows and gilts .............................................. dollars/cwt
Sows ................................................................. dollars/cwt

94.30
72.90
49.60
77.10
1130.00
47.70
48.40
39.50

147.00
119.00
78.90
122.00
1420.00
67.80
68.20
57.90

184.00
128.00
84.20
132.00
(NA)
65.20
65.50
59.60

179.00
125.00
84.90
129.00
1440.00
62.60
62.80
56.50

Dairy and poultry
Milk, all 6 ............................................................. dollars/cwt
Fat test ................................................................... percent
Broilers, live 7 .................................................. dollars/pound
Eggs, all 8 ........................................................ dollars/dozen
Market 8 9 ...................................................... dollars/dozen
Turkeys, live 8 10 11 ........................................... dollars/pound

13.06
3.66
0.317
0.643
0.546
0.380

19.60
3.71
0.490
1.050
0.888
0.657

17.20
3.70
0.570
0.995
0.791
0.690

16.90
3.67
0.510
0.863
0.642
0.734

Adjusted for seasonal variation
Eggs, all .......................................................... dollars/dozen
Seasonal factor ...................................................... percent
Milk, all 6 ............................................................. dollars/cwt
Seasonal factor ...................................................... percent

0.545
100
9.71
100

1.100
96
20.90
94

0.898
111
18.40
94

0.891
97
18.10
94

(NA) Not available.
(S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate.
1
Beginning January 2006, point of first sale. FOB shipping point for prior years.
2
Monthly estimates began January 1995.
3
Includes some processing.
4
Beef cows and cull dairy cows sold for slaughter.
5
Animals sold for dairy herd replacement only. Prices available for January, April, July, and October.
6
Before deductions for hauling. Includes quality, quantity, and other premiums. Excludes hauling subsidies.
7
Live weight equivalent price.
8
Mid-month price.
9
Also referred to as table eggs.
10
Live weight equivalent price is used when actual live weight price is not available.
11
Beginning January 2011, price reflects FOB shipping point basis. Prior year price reflects delivered basis.

12

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Prices Received for Corn by Month – United States
Dollars per bushel

7
6
5
4
3
2
1
2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Prices Received for Wheat by Month – United States
Dollars per bushel

12
10
8
6
4
2
2003

2004

2005

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

13

Prices Received for Upland Cotton by Month –
United States
Dollars per pound

1.0
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Prices Received for Soybeans by Month –
United States
Dollars per bushel

15
13
11
9
7
5
3
2003

14

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Prices Received for Cattle by Month – United States
Dollars per cwt

200
180
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20

Calves

Steers & Heifers

All Beef Cattle

Cows

0
2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Prices Received for Milk by Month – United States
Dollars per cwt
26
24
22
20
18
16
14
12
10

2003

2004

2005

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

15

Prices Received for Hogs by Month – United States
Dollars per cwt

80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Prices Received for Poultry by Month – United
States
Dollars per pound

0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3

Turkeys

Broilers

0.2
2003

16

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Prices Received for All Wheat, Corn, and Soybeans by Month – United States: 2012 with Comparisons
[Current month prices are mid-month; prices for previous months and years are for the entire month. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not
yet begun]
All wheat
Month

Corn

Soybeans

2010

2011

Preliminary
2012

(dollars per
bushel)

(dollars per
bushel)

(dollars per
bushel)

(dollars per
bushel)

(dollars per
bushel)

(dollars per
bushel)

(dollars per
bushel)

(dollars per
bushel)

(dollars per
bushel)

4.90
4.73
4.70
4.41
4.34
4.16
4.49
5.44
5.79
5.88
6.10
6.44

6.69
7.42
7.55
8.01
8.16
7.41
7.10
7.61
7.55
7.29
7.26
7.19

7.04
7.10
7.19
6.87

3.66
3.55
3.55
3.41
3.48
3.41
3.49
3.65
4.08
4.32
4.55
4.82

4.94
5.65
5.53
6.36
6.32
6.38
6.33
6.88
6.37
5.71
5.84
5.86

6.07
6.28
6.35
6.14

9.79
9.41
9.39
9.47
9.41
9.45
9.79
10.10
9.98
10.20
11.10
11.60

11.60
12.70
12.70
13.10
13.20
13.20
13.20
13.40
12.20
11.70
11.70
11.50

11.90
12.20
13.00
13.80

January .......
February ......
March ..........
April .............
May .............
June ............
July ..............
August .........
September ...
October .......
November ....
December ....

2010

2011

Preliminary
2012

2010

2011

Preliminary
2012

Prices Received for Beef Cattle and All Hogs by Month – United States: 2012 with Comparisons
[Current month prices are mid-month; prices for previous months and years are for the entire month. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not
yet begun]
Beef cattle 1
Month

2010

2011

Preliminary
2012

2010

2011

Preliminary
2012

(dollars per cwt)

(dollars per cwt)

(dollars per cwt)

(dollars per cwt)

(dollars per cwt)

(dollars per cwt)

January ............
February ...........
March ...............
April ..................
May ..................
June .................
July ...................
August ..............
September ........
October ............
November .........
December .........
1
2

All hogs 2

82.30
85.70
90.40
95.60
94.70
90.40
91.70
93.50
94.10
93.10
94.00
98.10

107.00
108.00
115.00
119.00
112.00
107.00
111.00
111.00
112.00
117.00
120.00
120.00

125.00
127.00
128.00
125.00

48.40
48.90
52.10
56.50
62.20
58.20
58.50
61.30
61.00
53.30
47.80
52.40

56.00
61.40
62.90
67.80
68.60
69.70
71.70
75.80
67.10
68.70
64.40
63.50

63.50
65.50
65.20
62.60

Cows and steers & heifers.
Barrows & gilts and sows.

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

17

Prices Received for All Wheat – States and United States: April 2012 with Comparisons
State

April 2011

Preliminary
April 2012

March 2012

(dollars per bushel)

(dollars per bushel)

(dollars per bushel)

Arizona ..................................................
Arkansas ................................................
California ...............................................
Colorado ................................................
Idaho ......................................................
Illinois .....................................................
Indiana ...................................................
Kansas ...................................................
Michigan ................................................
Minnesota ..............................................

(D)
(D)
(D)
7.71
7.48
7.64
7.71
8.09
7.04
7.74

(S)
(D)
(D)
6.40
7.10
6.57
7.03
6.77
6.58
8.07

(S)
6.25
(D)
5.87
7.14
6.20
6.50
6.15
6.50
7.98

Missouri .................................................
Montana .................................................
Nebraska ...............................................
North Carolina ........................................
North Dakota ..........................................
Ohio .......................................................
Oklahoma ..............................................
Oregon ...................................................
South Dakota .........................................
Texas .....................................................
Washington ............................................

5.78
7.47
7.56
7.79
9.10
7.24
7.97
7.73
8.85
7.68
7.49

6.35
7.23
6.33
6.32
8.01
6.81
6.79
6.82
7.24
7.68
6.76

6.10
6.93
6.10
6.62
7.98
6.48
6.20
6.92
6.69
6.31
6.77

United States .........................................

8.01

7.19

6.87

(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
(S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate.

Prices Received for Winter Wheat – States and United States: April 2012 with Comparisons
State

April 2011

March 2012

Preliminary
April 2012

(dollars per bushel)

(dollars per bushel)

(dollars per bushel)

Arkansas .........................................
California ........................................
Colorado .........................................
Idaho ...............................................
Illinois ..............................................
Indiana ............................................
Kansas ............................................
Michigan .........................................
Minnesota .......................................
Missouri ..........................................

(D)
(D)
7.71
6.98
7.64
7.71
8.09
7.04
7.46
5.78

(D)
(D)
6.40
6.72
6.57
7.03
6.77
6.58
(D)
6.35

6.25
(D)
5.86
6.55
6.20
6.50
6.15
6.50
6.10
6.10

Montana ..........................................
Nebraska ........................................
North Carolina .................................
North Dakota ...................................
Ohio ................................................
Oklahoma .......................................
Oregon ............................................
South Dakota ..................................
Texas ..............................................
Washington .....................................

6.87
7.56
7.79
7.28
7.24
7.97
7.38
7.07
7.68
7.14

6.43
6.33
6.32
6.49
6.81
6.79
6.76
6.56
7.68
6.56

5.95
6.10
6.62
6.00
6.48
6.20
6.90
6.17
6.31
6.62

United States ..................................

7.37

6.68

6.31

(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.

18

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Prices Received for Durum Wheat – States and United States: April 2012 with Comparisons
State

April 2011

Preliminary
April 2012

March 2012

(dollars per bushel)

(dollars per bushel)

(dollars per bushel)

Arizona ............................................
California .........................................
Idaho ...............................................
Montana ..........................................
North Dakota ...................................

(D)
(S)
(D)
8.59
8.63

(S)
(S)
(D)
9.04
8.16

(S)
(S)
(D)
8.44
8.00

United States ...................................

8.60

8.35

8.11

(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
(S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate.

Prices Received for Spring Wheat – States and United States: April 2012 with Comparisons
State

April 2011

March 2012

Preliminary
April 2012

(dollars per bushel)

(dollars per bushel)

(dollars per bushel)

Colorado ..........................................
Idaho ...............................................
Minnesota ........................................
Montana ..........................................
North Dakota ...................................
Oregon ............................................
South Dakota ...................................
Washington .....................................

(D)
8.30
7.74
8.01
9.31
9.33
10.00
8.87

6.18
7.79
8.07
8.05
8.12
7.22
8.11
7.68

6.13
7.75
8.00
7.99
8.10
7.00
7.86
7.38

United States ...................................

8.67

8.04

7.92

(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

19

Prices Received for All Barley – States and United States: April 2012 with Comparisons
State

April 2011

Preliminary
April 2012

March 2012

(dollars per bushel)

(dollars per bushel)

(dollars per bushel)

California ........................................
Colorado .........................................
Idaho ...............................................
Minnesota .......................................
Montana ..........................................
North Dakota ...................................
Oregon ............................................
Utah ................................................
Washington .....................................
Wyoming .........................................

(S)
(D)
4.92
4.07
4.43
4.16
4.80
5.61
5.40
(D)

(S)
5.28
5.24
(D)
5.51
5.42
4.09
(D)
4.45
(D)

(S)
(D)
(D)
(D)
5.29
5.60
4.70
(D)
4.44
(S)

United States ..................................

4.41

5.33

5.43

(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
(S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate.

Prices Received for Malting Barley – States: April 2012 with Comparisons
State

April 2011
(dollars per bushel)

Idaho ...............................................
Minnesota .......................................
Montana ..........................................
North Dakota ...................................
Wyoming .........................................

Preliminary
April 2012

March 2012
(dollars per bushel)
3.85
(D)
4.41
4.18
(D)

(dollars per bushel)
5.29
(D)
5.62
5.48
(D)

(D)
(D)
5.39
5.80
(S)

(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
(S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate.

Prices Received for Feed Barley – States: April 2012 with Comparisons
State

April 2011

March 2012

Preliminary
April 2012

(dollars per bushel)

(dollars per bushel)

(dollars per bushel)

Idaho ...............................................
Minnesota .......................................
Montana ..........................................
North Dakota ...................................
Wyoming .........................................

6.02
4.16
4.52
4.09
(S)

4.49
(D)
4.65
4.92
(S)

(D)
(D)
4.48
4.80
(S)

(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
(S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate.

20

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Prices Received for Corn – States and United States: April 2012 with Comparisons
State

April 2011

Preliminary
April 2012

March 2012

(dollars per bushel)

(dollars per bushel)

(dollars per bushel)

Colorado ..........................................
Illinois ..............................................
Indiana ............................................
Iowa .................................................
Kansas ............................................
Kentucky ..........................................
Michigan ..........................................
Minnesota ........................................
Missouri ...........................................
Nebraska .........................................

6.05
6.68
6.71
6.20
6.82
6.61
6.60
5.79
6.25
6.18

6.37
6.48
6.59
6.23
6.42
6.70
6.43
6.19
6.50
6.25

6.23
6.30
6.39
6.00
6.15
6.50
6.15
6.00
6.30
6.10

North Carolina .................................
North Dakota ...................................
Ohio .................................................
Pennsylvania ...................................
South Dakota ...................................
Tennessee .......................................
Texas ..............................................
Wisconsin ........................................

7.52
5.83
6.80
7.23
6.08
7.04
7.09
6.27

7.05
6.06
6.52
7.03
6.17
6.97
7.08
6.25

6.69
5.75
6.31
6.82
5.92
6.65
6.90
5.97

United States ...................................

6.36

6.35

6.14

Prices Received for Soybeans – States and United States: April 2012 with Comparisons
State

April 2011

March 2012

Preliminary
April 2012

(dollars per bushel)

(dollars per bushel)

(dollars per bushel)

Arkansas .........................................
Illinois ..............................................
Indiana ............................................
Iowa .................................................
Kansas ............................................
Kentucky ..........................................
Louisiana .........................................
Michigan ..........................................
Minnesota ........................................
Mississippi .......................................

13.10
13.40
13.30
12.90
13.20
13.60
12.00
12.70
12.50
13.10

13.20
13.10
13.10
12.80
12.90
13.10
12.90
12.90
12.80
13.10

14.00
14.00
14.00
13.70
13.70
14.00
(D)
13.80
13.60
14.00

Missouri ...........................................
Nebraska .........................................
North Carolina .................................
North Dakota ...................................
Ohio .................................................
South Dakota ...................................
Tennessee .......................................
Wisconsin ........................................

13.50
12.90
13.50
12.40
12.90
12.70
13.50
12.40

13.10
12.70
13.30
12.50
13.50
12.80
13.40
12.90

14.00
13.40
13.70
13.40
14.10
13.50
14.00
13.60

United States ...................................

13.10

13.00

13.80

(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

21

Prices Received for Oats – States and United States: April 2012 with Comparisons
State

April 2011

Preliminary
April 2012

March 2012

(dollars per bushel)

(dollars per bushel)

(dollars per bushel)

Illinois ..............................................
Iowa ................................................
Michigan .........................................
Minnesota .......................................
Montana ..........................................
Nebraska ........................................
New York ........................................
North Dakota ...................................
Oregon ............................................
Pennsylvania ..................................
South Dakota ..................................
Texas ..............................................
Wisconsin .......................................

4.36
3.76
3.80
3.17
(D)
3.91
3.34
3.07
(S)
4.60
3.68
(S)
3.60

(D)
3.63
3.79
3.53
2.97
4.33
(D)
3.08
(S)
4.44
3.59
(S)
3.67

(S)
3.70
3.80
3.40
(S)
3.80
(D)
(D)
(S)
4.33
3.68
(S)
3.61

United States ..................................

3.54

3.79

3.60

(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
(S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate.

Prices Received for Sorghum Grain – States and United States: April 2012 with Comparisons
State

April 2011

Preliminary
April 2012

March 2012

(dollars per cwt)

(dollars per cwt)

(dollars per cwt)

Arkansas .........................................
Illinois ..............................................
Kansas ............................................
Louisiana ........................................
Missouri ..........................................
Nebraska ........................................
Oklahoma .......................................
Texas ..............................................

(S)
(D)
11.60
(S)
(D)
11.60
11.80
12.20

(D)
(D)
10.90
(D)
10.90
10.90
11.20
11.40

(S)
(S)
10.30
(S)
10.80
10.40
10.70
11.40

United States ..................................

11.70

10.90

10.40

(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
(S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate.

22

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Prices Received for Dry Beans – States and United States: April 2012 with Comparisons
State

April 2011

March 2012

Preliminary
April 2012

(dollars per cwt)

(dollars per cwt)

(dollars per cwt)

California .........................................
Colorado ..........................................
Idaho ...............................................
Michigan ..........................................
Minnesota ........................................
Nebraska .........................................
North Dakota ...................................

45.70
29.90
29.70
39.50
(D)
32.70
26.80

56.30
50.50
45.30
50.10
49.90
40.90
45.80

(D)
50.90
43.50
(D)
(D)
44.90
45.40

United States ...................................

31.80

47.10

47.90

(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.

Prices Received for Peanuts (In-Shell) – States and United States: April 2012 with Comparisons
State

April 2011

Preliminary
April 2012

March 2012

(dollars per pound)

(dollars per pound)

(dollars per pound)

Alabama ..........................................
Florida .............................................
Georgia ...........................................
Mississippi .......................................
New Mexico .....................................
North Carolina .................................
Oklahoma ........................................
South Carolina .................................
Texas ..............................................
Virginia ............................................

0.218
0.225
0.220
0.216
(D)
0.257
0.254
0.241
0.262
(D)

0.340
0.360
0.349
0.350
(S)
0.310
(D)
0.371
0.378
0.317

0.362
0.338
0.351
0.298
(S)
0.309
(D)
0.336
0.444
0.283

United States ...................................

0.231

0.348

0.350

(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
(S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate.

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

23

Prices Received for Sunflower – States and United States: April 2012 with Comparisons
State

April 2011

Preliminary
April 2012

March 2012

(dollars per cwt)

(dollars per cwt)

(dollars per cwt)

Colorado .........................................
Kansas ............................................
Minnesota .......................................
North Dakota ...................................
South Dakota ..................................

29.70
29.40
26.20
28.40
30.60

(D)
30.40
(D)
28.80
27.40

(S)
29.80
(D)
28.00
(D)

United States ..................................

28.80

28.50

27.90

(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
(S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate.

Prices Received for Canola – States and United States: April 2012 with Comparisons
State

April 2011

March 2012

Preliminary
April 2012

(dollars per cwt)

(dollars per cwt)

(dollars per cwt)

Minnesota .......................................
North Dakota ...................................

(D)
24.80

(D)
27.10

(S)
28.70

United States ..................................

24.80

27.10

28.70

(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
(S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate.

Prices Received for Flaxseed – States and United States: April 2012 with Comparisons
State

April 2011

March 2012

Preliminary
April 2012

(dollars per bushel)

(dollars per bushel)

(dollars per bushel)

North Dakota ...................................

13.50

13.80

14.60

United States ..................................

13.50

13.80

14.60

24

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Prices Received for Upland Cotton and Cottonseed – States and United States: April 2012
with Comparisons
[Cottonseed marketing year August - February]
Cotton, Upland
State

April
2011

Cottonseed
Preliminary
April
2012

March
2012

(dollars per pound) (dollars per pound) (dollars per pound)

April
2011

Preliminary
April
2012

March
2012

(dollars per ton)

(dollars per ton)

(dollars per ton)

Alabama ............................
Arizona ..............................
Arkansas ...........................
California ...........................
Georgia .............................
Louisiana ...........................
Mississippi .........................
North Carolina ...................
Tennessee .........................
Texas ................................

0.816
(D)
0.816
(S)
0.816
0.816
0.816
0.816
(D)
0.858

0.954
(D)
0.922
(D)
0.930
0.929
0.968
0.916
0.943
0.831

1.000
(D)
(D)
(S)
0.938
0.865
(D)
1.000
1.000
0.850

(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)

(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)

(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)

United States .....................

0.867

0.902

0.916

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
(NA) Not available.
(S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate.

Prices Received and Farm Marketings for Upland Cotton and Rice – United States: April 2012
with Comparisons
Item

April 2011

Preliminary
April 2012

March 2012

Cotton, Upland
Average price ..................................... dollars/pound
Marketings 1 ........................................... 1,000 bales

0.867
205

0.902
810

0.916
(NA)

Rice, all
Average price ......................................... dollars/cwt
Marketings 2 .............................................. 1,000 cwt

13.10
12,727

13.60
14,165

14.30
(NA)

Rice, long
Average price ......................................... dollars/cwt
Marketings 2 .............................................. 1,000 cwt

11.20
9,562

13.00
10,041

13.30
(NA)

Rice, medium and short
Average price ......................................... dollars/cwt
Marketings 2 .............................................. 1,000 cwt

18.60
3,165

15.00
4,124

15.90
(NA)

(NA) Not available.
1
Marketings based on a survey of cotton buyers in the major producing States - Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Georgia, Louisiana,
Mississippi, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Texas.
2
Purchases by private firms and rice (rough equivalent) shipped by cooperatives.

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

25

Prices Received for Hay by Type – States and United States: April 2012 with Comparisons
All hay

Alfalfa hay

Other hay

April
2011

March
2012

Preliminary
April
2012

(dollars per
ton)

(dollars per
ton)

(dollars per
ton)

(dollars per
ton)

(dollars per
ton)

(dollars per
ton)

(dollars per
ton)

(dollars per
ton)

(dollars per
ton)

Arizona ...........
California ........
Colorado .........
Idaho ...............
Illinois ..............
Iowa ................
Kansas ............
Kentucky .........
Michigan .........
Minnesota .......

179.00
212.00
135.00
174.00
140.00
109.00
99.00
100.00
99.00
106.00

255.00
242.00
247.00
207.00
172.00
140.00
184.00
114.00
100.00
126.00

259.00
232.00
243.00
198.00
171.00
137.00
191.00
114.00
109.00
135.00

180.00
226.00
140.00
175.00
145.00
118.00
115.00
150.00
105.00
115.00

260.00
245.00
255.00
210.00
180.00
149.00
220.00
185.00
110.00
145.00

260.00
235.00
255.00
200.00
180.00
143.00
220.00
175.00
115.00
150.00

140.00
116.00
115.00
135.00
90.00
80.00
70.00
75.00
80.00
80.00

195.00
226.00
170.00
145.00
140.00
94.00
100.00
85.00
80.00
90.00

195.00
215.00
170.00
140.00
130.00
90.00
105.00
85.00
90.00
100.00

Missouri ..........
Montana ..........
Nebraska ........
Nevada ...........
New Mexico ....
New York ........
North Dakota ...
Ohio ................
Oklahoma .......
Oregon ............

77.00
79.00
76.00
159.00
186.00
119.00
61.00
115.00
89.00
178.00

124.00
104.00
129.00
223.00
294.00
108.00
68.00
143.00
193.00
230.00

91.00
99.00
128.00
214.00
293.00
107.00
71.00
150.00
197.00
226.00

140.00
80.00
80.00
160.00
190.00
149.00
64.00
169.00
146.00
184.00

250.00
105.00
140.00
226.00
301.00
160.00
78.00
192.00
249.00
246.00

200.00
98.00
139.00
215.00
300.00
171.00
75.00
209.00
249.00
229.00

65.00
76.00
66.00
135.00
155.00
116.00
44.00
82.00
79.00
168.00

100.00
97.00
99.00
175.00
224.00
105.00
56.00
111.00
143.00
208.00

75.00
105.00
98.00
175.00
220.00
101.00
53.00
118.00
140.00
220.00

Pennsylvania ..
South Dakota ..
Texas ..............
Utah ................
Washington .....
Wisconsin .......
Wyoming .........

131.00
81.00
124.00
159.00
155.00
97.00
100.00

191.00
122.00
181.00
171.00
236.00
113.00
151.00

173.00
127.00
169.00
171.00
231.00
119.00
157.00

165.00
83.00
195.00
160.00
150.00
100.00
101.00

228.00
129.00
276.00
175.00
245.00
125.00
155.00

216.00
135.00
273.00
175.00
240.00
135.00
160.00

127.00
70.00
115.00
132.00
165.00
75.00
93.00

174.00
85.00
162.00
142.00
215.00
90.00
130.00

154.00
95.00
152.00
142.00
215.00
90.00
135.00

United States ..

143.00

181.00

190.00

161.00

201.00

207.00

105.00

139.00

140.00

State

April
2011

March
2012

Preliminary
April
2012

April
2011

March
2012

Preliminary
April
2012

Prices Received for Apples – States and United States: April 2012 with Comparisons
[Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for California, Michigan, New York, and Washington. Prices at point of first sale for other States]
Apples, fresh use
State

April 2011

Preliminary
April 2012

March 2012

(dollars per pound)

(dollars per pound)

(dollars per pound)

Michigan .........................................
New York ........................................
Ohio ................................................
Pennsylvania ..................................
Virginia ............................................
Washington .....................................

0.295
0.255
0.680
(NA)
0.280
0.265

0.325
0.302
0.490
0.471
0.390
0.341

0.305
0.287
0.510
(NA)
(NA)
0.330

United States ..................................

0.266

0.364

0.329

(NA) Not available.

26

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization – States and United States: April 2011
[Net pounds per box: grapefruit in California-80, Florida-85, Texas-80; lemons-80; oranges in California-80, Florida-90, Texas-85; tangelos-90;
tangerines and mandarins in Arizona and California-80, Florida-95]
Commodity,
State,
and type

Equivalent returns

FOB
packed
fresh

All

Fresh

Process

All

Fresh

Process

(dollars per
box)

(dollars per
box)

(dollars per
box)

(dollars per
box)

(dollars per
box)

(dollars per
box)

(dollars per
box)

Packinghouse-door

On-tree

Grapefruit
California 1 ........................................
Florida ..............................................
White ............................................
Colored .........................................
Texas ................................................

21.00
21.10
21.80
21.00
23.90

14.60
7.12
6.02
8.39
6.37

14.60
11.25
11.90
11.20
13.60

(D)
6.29
5.90
6.95
1.60

12.50
4.54
3.48
5.76
4.91

12.50
9.05
9.75
9.00
12.05

(D)
3.63
3.35
4.10
0.20

United States ....................................

21.10

7.81

12.52

6.29

5.27

10.35

3.63

Lemons
California ..........................................

31.60

14.41

20.70

(D)

8.54

14.83

(D)

United States ....................................

31.60

14.41

20.70

(D)

8.54

14.83

(D)

Oranges
California ..........................................
Navel and miscellaneous ..............
Valencia ........................................

20.30
19.90
(D)

8.59
8.09
(D)

11.61
11.26
(D)

(D)
(D)
(D)

6.14
5.64
(D)

9.20
8.85
(D)

(D)
(D)
(D)

Florida
Valencia ........................................

22.30

9.90

12.30

9.85

7.30

9.60

7.25

United States ....................................

20.40

9.56

11.66

9.00

7.00

9.23

6.41

Tangerines and mandarins
California ..........................................
Florida ..............................................

(D)
33.30

(D)
16.45

(D)
21.05

(D)
8.90

(D)
12.95

(D)
17.55

(D)
5.40

United States ....................................

30.50

16.61

21.48

2.80

13.53

18.68

-1.07

(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
1
Some processed sales included in fresh sales.

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

27

Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization – States and United States: March 2012
[Net pounds per box: grapefruit in California-80, Florida-85, Texas-80; lemons-80; oranges in California-80, Florida-90, Texas-85; tangelos-90;
tangerines and mandarins in Arizona and California-80, Florida-95]
Commodity,
State,
and type

Equivalent returns

FOB
packed
fresh

All

Fresh

Process

All

Fresh

Process

(dollars per
box)

(dollars per
box)

(dollars per
box)

(dollars per
box)

(dollars per
box)

(dollars per
box)

(dollars per
box)

Packinghouse-door

On-tree

Grapefruit
California 1 ........................................
Florida ...............................................
White .............................................
Colored .........................................
Texas ................................................

20.30
20.00
19.80
20.00
24.20

13.77
8.66
7.91
8.98
8.25

13.77
10.36
10.10
10.40
13.90

(D)
8.03
7.65
8.25
1.60

11.63
6.06
5.36
6.37
6.77

11.63
8.12
7.90
8.15
12.35

(D)
5.30
5.05
5.45
0.20

United States ....................................

21.10

8.70

11.47

7.35

6.28

9.41

4.77

Lemons
California ...........................................

35.00

18.99

23.88

(D)

13.00

17.89

(D)

United States ....................................

35.00

18.99

23.88

(D)

13.00

17.89

(D)

Oranges
California ...........................................
Navel and miscellaneous ..............
Valencia ........................................

21.30
21.40
(D)

10.62
10.85
(D)

12.52
12.59
(D)

(D)
(D)
(D)

8.13
8.36
(D)

10.06
10.13
(D)

(D)
(D)
(D)

Florida ...............................................
Early and mids ..............................
Valencia ........................................

26.00
(S)
26.00

10.82
(S)
10.82

15.75
(S)
15.75

10.70
(S)
10.70

8.12
(S)
8.12

12.90
(S)
12.90

8.00
(S)
8.00

United States ....................................

21.70

10.77

12.78

10.18

8.12

10.28

7.48

Tangerines and mandarins
California ...........................................
Florida ...............................................

(D)
33.20

(D)
16.68

(D)
20.90

(D)
9.65

(D)
12.83

(D)
17.20

(D)
5.55

United States ....................................

38.30

26.51

29.36

6.90

23.52

26.54

2.77

(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
(S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate.
1
Some processed sales included in fresh sales.

28

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization – States and United States: April 2012
[Net pounds per box: grapefruit in California-80, Florida-85, Texas-80; lemons-80; oranges in California-80, Florida-90, Texas-85; tangelos-90;
tangerines and mandarins in Arizona and California-80, Florida-95]
Commodity,
State,
and type

Equivalent returns

FOB
packed
fresh

All

Fresh

Process

All

Fresh

Process

(dollars per
box)

(dollars per
box)

(dollars per
box)

(dollars per
box)

(dollars per
box)

(dollars per
box)

(dollars per
box)

Packinghouse-door

On-tree

Grapefruit
California 1 ........................................
Florida ..............................................
White ............................................
Colored .........................................
Texas ................................................

21.90
22.50
20.00
23.20
(S)

15.37
8.71
7.86
9.38
1.60

15.37
12.90
10.30
13.60
(S)

(D)
7.15
7.50
6.75
1.60

13.23
6.14
5.32
6.79
0.20

13.23
10.66
8.10
11.35
(S)

(D)
4.45
4.90
3.95
0.20

United States ....................................

22.20

8.74

14.09

5.82

6.42

11.89

3.44

Lemons
California ..........................................

36.00

21.35

24.88

(D)

15.36

18.89

(D)

United States ....................................

36.00

21.35

24.88

(D)

15.36

18.89

(D)

Oranges
California ..........................................
Navel and miscellaneous ..............
Valencia ........................................

24.50
24.30
(D)

13.65
13.24
(D)

15.72
15.49
(D)

(D)
(D)
(D)

11.16
10.75
(D)

13.26
13.03
(D)

(D)
(D)
(D)

Florida
Valencia ........................................

23.70

11.44

13.45

11.40

8.74

10.60

8.70

United States ....................................

24.50

11.99

15.56

10.94

9.34

13.08

8.25

Tangerines and mandarins
California ..........................................

(D)

(D)

(D)

(D)

(D)

(D)

(D)

United States ....................................

(D)

(D)

(D)

(D)

(D)

(D)

(D)

(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
(S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate.
1
Some processed sales included in fresh sales.

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

29

Prices Received for Potatoes – States and United States: April 2012 with Comparisons
State

California
Spring .........................................
Fall ..............................................
All 1 .............................................
Colorado
Fresh 1 ........................................
All 1 .............................................
Florida .............................................
Idaho
Fresh 2 ........................................
Processing ..................................
All 1 .............................................
Maine ..............................................
Michigan .........................................
Minnesota .......................................
New York ........................................
North Carolina .................................
North Dakota
Fresh 2 ........................................
Processing ..................................
All 1 .............................................
Oregon ............................................
Texas ..............................................
Virginia ............................................

April 2011

March 2012

Preliminary
April 2012

(dollars per cwt)

(dollars per cwt)

(dollars per cwt)

20.20
10.70
19.30

(S)
8.75
8.75

(S)
9.00
9.00

15.40
13.50

12.90
11.20

(D)
11.00

16.00

(D)

(D)

10.70
7.80
9.85
11.00
13.10
8.00
15.90
(S)

9.70
8.60
9.55
11.20
13.30
6.70
15.30
(S)

(D)
(D)
10.00
11.30
13.80
(D)
16.30
(S)

13.40
7.90
9.25
9.85
(S)
(S)

12.20
7.45
9.35
10.00
(S)
(S)

(D)
(D)
(D)
9.85
(S)
(S)

Washington
Processing ..................................
All 1 .............................................
Wisconsin
Fresh 2 ........................................
Processing ..................................
All 1 .............................................

7.55
9.05

7.80
8.80

(D)
8.90

14.70
9.75
12.00

11.90
9.50
11.00

(D)
(D)
11.80

United States
Fresh 2 ........................................
Processing ..................................
All 1 .............................................

15.61
8.38
11.17

12.06
8.35
9.98

(D)
(D)
10.57

(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
(S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate.
1
Average price of potatoes sold for all uses, including table stock, processing, seed, and livestock feed.
2
Fresh market prices only. Includes table stock prices.

30

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Prices Received for All Milk – States and United States: April 2012 with Comparisons
[Before deduction for hauling. Includes quality, quantity, and other premiums. Excludes hauling subsidies]
State

April 2011

Preliminary
April 2012

March 2012

Price

Fat test

Price

Fat test

Price

Fat test

(dollars per cwt)

(percent)

(dollars per cwt)

(percent)

(dollars per cwt)

(percent)

Arizona ................................
California .............................
Colorado ..............................
Florida .................................
Idaho ...................................
Illinois ..................................
Indiana ................................
Iowa .....................................
Kansas ................................
Michigan ..............................

19.60
17.87
19.70
24.20
17.70
20.00
20.60
19.90
20.90
20.60

3.50
3.70
3.57
3.63
3.70
3.74
3.72
3.71
3.74
3.67

16.50
15.51
17.50
21.10
16.70
17.50
17.50
17.60
17.60
17.90

3.52
3.69
3.55
3.60
3.65
3.72
3.64
3.75
3.78
3.67

16.20
15.00
17.30
20.40
16.70
17.20
17.10
17.10
17.30
17.50

3.50
3.65
3.52
3.56
3.62
3.66
3.58
3.71
3.69
3.63

Minnesota ............................
Missouri ...............................
New Mexico .........................
New York .............................
Ohio .....................................
Oregon ................................
Pennsylvania .......................
Texas ..................................
Utah .....................................
Vermont ...............................

19.10
20.00
19.20
21.20
21.60
20.40
21.50
20.40
19.60
21.40

3.73
3.68
3.56
3.75
3.79
3.79
3.75
3.77
3.70
3.82

18.00
17.60
15.90
18.40
18.50
18.30
19.00
17.20
16.50
18.50

3.82
3.69
3.53
3.74
3.74
3.83
3.72
3.75
3.72
3.81

17.80
17.20
15.70
17.80
17.90
18.00
18.60
17.00
16.10
18.00

3.78
3.65
3.45
3.72
3.66
3.79
3.70
3.70
3.69
3.78

Virginia ................................
Washington .........................
Wisconsin ............................

22.90
20.30
19.20

3.69
3.79
3.72

19.00
17.50
17.70

3.70
3.83
3.73

18.70
17.30
17.60

3.69
3.79
3.71

United States .......................

19.60

3.71

17.20

3.70

16.90

3.67

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

31

Prices Received for Milk Cows – States and United States: April 2012 with Comparisons
[Animals sold for dairy herd replacement only. Prices estimated in January, April, July, and October]
State

April 2011

January 2012

(dollars per head)

April 2012

(dollars per head)

(dollars per head)

Arizona ...........................................
California ........................................
Colorado .........................................
Florida .............................................
Idaho ...............................................
Illinois ..............................................
Indiana ............................................
Iowa ................................................
Kansas ............................................
Michigan .........................................

1,450
1,300
1,450
1,480
1,450
1,430
1,450
1,430
1,400
1,550

1,500
1,400
1,500
1,490
1,450
1,500
1,450
1,400
1,400
1,600

1,500
1,300
1,520
1,450
1,450
1,520
1,450
1,450
1,450
1,600

Minnesota .......................................
Missouri ..........................................
New Mexico ....................................
New York ........................................
Ohio ................................................
Oregon ............................................
Pennsylvania ..................................
Texas ..............................................
Utah ................................................
Vermont ..........................................

1,410
1,280
1,380
1,400
1,470
1,390
1,450
1,400
1,300
1,550

1,430
1,200
1,380
1,450
1,500
1,440
1,500
1,400
1,340
1,550

1,490
1,300
1,350
1,460
1,510
1,430
1,500
1,400
1,340
1,600

Virginia ............................................
Washington .....................................
Wisconsin .......................................

1,410
1,400
1,560

1,520
1,400
1,550

1,540
1,350
1,560

United States ..................................

1,420

1,460

1,440

32

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Commodity Parity Prices and Price as Percent of Parity Price – United States: April 2012
with Comparisons
[Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III, Subtitle a, Section 301 (a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the
Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, and 1956. See January Agricultural Prices for details on adjusted base price and parity price computations. Parity data
not available for blank cells. Primary source of data for livestock and milk prices is United States Department of Agriculture's Agricultural
Marketing Service]

Commodity and unit

Adjusted
base
price
(dollars)

Basic commodities
All wheat ....................................... bushel
Rice ................................................... cwt
Corn ............................................. bushel
Cotton
Upland ....................................... pound
American Pima .......................... pound
Peanuts ......................................... pound

Price as percent
of parity

Parity price
April
2011

March
2012

April
2012

April
2011

March
2012

April
2012

(dollars)

(dollars)

(dollars)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

0.634
1.46
0.414

16.50
44.30
10.40

17.70
40.80
11.60

17.90
41.30
11.70

49
30
61

41
33
55

38
35
52

0.072
0.141
0.026

1.93
3.51
0.734

2.01
3.94
0.726

2.04
3.99
0.736

45
51
31

45
42
48

45
41
48

Designated nonbasic
All milk, to plants 1 ................................ cwt
Honey, extracted 2 ......................... pound

1.80
0.139

49.50
3.64

50.30
3.88

50.90
3.93

42
44

37
41

36
41

Wool and mohair
Wool .............................................. pound
Mohair ........................................... pound

0.104
0.333

2.50
8.81

2.90
9.30

2.94
9.42

46
40

58
44

57
44

Other nonbasic
Apples, fresh 3 ............................... pound
Barley ........................................... bushel
Canola ............................................... cwt
Cottonseed ......................................... ton
Dry edible beans ................................ cwt
Flaxseed ....................................... bushel
Oats .............................................. bushel
Potatoes ............................................ cwt
Sorghum grain ................................... cwt
Soybeans ..................................... bushel
Sunflower, all ..................................... cwt

0.033
0.436
1.820
17.40
3.01
1.100
0.263
0.855
0.729
1.000
2.06

0.897
11.60
47.30
419.00
79.40
27.70
6.80
22.70
18.30
25.80
51.90

0.922
12.20
50.80
486.00
84.10
30.70
7.35
23.90
20.40
27.90
57.50

0.934
12.30
51.50
492.00
85.20
31.10
7.44
24.20
20.60
28.30
58.30

30
38
52
41
40
49
52
49
64
51
55

39
44
53
57
56
45
52
42
53
47
50

35
44
56
56
56
47
48
44
50
49
48

Citrus (equivalent on-tree)
Grapefruit .......................................... box
Lemons .............................................. box
Oranges ............................................. box
Tangerines ......................................... box

0.690
1.37
0.698
1.49

18.00
37.00
18.60
38.90

19.30
38.30
19.50
41.60

19.50
38.80
19.80
42.20

29
23
38
35

33
34
42
57

33
40
47
65

Livestock and poultry
Beef cattle ......................................... cwt
Calves ............................................... cwt
Hogs .................................................. cwt
Eggs 1 ............................................ dozen
Turkeys, live .................................. pound

10.10
13.90
5.53
0.091
0.057

275.00
383.00
150.00
2.47
1.520

282.00
388.00
154.00
2.54
1.590

286.00
393.00
156.00
2.58
1.610

43
38
45
45
43

45
47
42
35
43

44
46
40
35
46

1

Seasonally adjusted price as percentage of parity price.
Wholesale extracted. Adjusted base price derived from state annual averages prices weighted by production. For 1982 through 1985 the national
averages are the support prices.
3
Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for California, New York (apples only), Oregon (except peaches), and Washington. Price at point of first sale
for other states.
2

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

33

Commodity Parity Prices – United States: April 2012 with Comparisons
[Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III, Subtitle a, Section 301 (a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the
Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, and 1956. See January Agricultural Prices for details on adjusted base price and parity price computations]
Commodity and unit

Parity price

Adjusted
base
price

April
2011

March
2012

April
2012

(dollars)

(dollars)

(dollars)

(dollars)

Field crops and miscellaneous
Hops ............................................................................ pound
Mustard seed ................................................................... cwt
Rapeseed ........................................................................ cwt
Rye ............................................................................. bushel
Safflower .......................................................................... cwt
Spearmint oil ................................................................ pound
Sweet potatoes ................................................................ cwt

0.306
2.82
2.23
0.525
2.02
1.50
2.20

8.34
72.30
58.20
13.40
52.70
39.10
61.70

8.55
78.80
62.30
14.70
56.40
41.90
61.40

8.66
79.80
63.10
14.90
57.20
42.50
62.30

Tobacco
Flue-cured, 11-14 ..................................................... pound
Fire-cured, 21-23 ...................................................... pound
Burley, 31 ................................................................. pound
Maryland, 32 ............................................................ pound
Dark air-cured, 35-37 ............................................... pound
Pennsylvania seedleaf, 41 ........................................ pound
Cigar binder, 51 ........................................................ pound

0.196
0.283
0.202
0.174
0.256
0.182
0.640

5.65
7.96
5.82
4.97
7.09
5.19
18.30

5.47
7.90
5.64
4.86
7.15
5.08
17.90

5.55
8.01
5.72
4.92
7.24
5.15
18.10

16.10

438.00

450.00

456.00

114.00
262.00
198.00

3,100.00
7,120.00
5,380.00

3,180.00
7,320.00
5,530.00

3,230.00
7,410.00
5,600.00

210.00
0.034
4.89
183.00

5,710.00
0.924
133.00
4,970.00

5,870.00
0.950
137.00
5,110.00

5,940.00
0.962
138.00
5,180.00

117.00
65.40
94.40
55.30
87.40

3,180.00
1,780.00
2,570.00
1,500.00
2,380.00

3,270.00
1,830.00
2,640.00
1,540.00
2,440.00

3,310.00
1,850.00
2,670.00
1,560.00
2,470.00

Noncitrus fruit
Apples, processing 1 9 ....................................................... ton
Apricots
Fresh 2 9 ........................................................................ ton
Dried (California) 9 ......................................................... ton
Avocados 2 9 ...................................................................... ton
Cherries
Sweet 9 .......................................................................... ton
Tart 9 ........................................................................ pound
Cranberry 3 9 ................................................................. barrel
Dates (California) 2 9 .......................................................... ton
Grapes
Raisin variety 9 .............................................................. ton
Other dried 9 .................................................................. ton
Kiwifruit 9 ........................................................................... ton
Nectarines, fresh (California) 2 9 ........................................ ton
Olives, canning (California) 3 9 ........................................... ton
See footnote(s) at end of table.

34

--continued

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Commodity Parity Prices – United States: April 2012 with Comparisons (continued)
[Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III, Subtitle a, Section 301 (a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the
Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, and 1956. See January Agricultural Prices for details on adjusted base price and parity price computations]
Commodity and unit

Noncitrus fruit - continued
Papayas (Hawaii) 9 .....................................................pound
Peaches
Fresh 4 9 ...................................................................... ton
Dried (California) 9 ...................................................... ton
Processing, excludes dried
Clingstone (California) 3 9 ...................................... ton

Parity price

Adjusted
base
price

April
2011

March
2012

April
2012

(dollars)

(dollars)

(dollars)

(dollars)

0.046

1.25

1.28

1.30

83.00
57.30

2,260.00
1,560.00

2,320.00
1,600.00

2,350.00
1,620.00

33.70

916.00

941.00

954.00

55.60
178.00

1,510.00
4,840.00

1,550.00
4,970.00

1,570.00
5,040.00

60.20
147.00

1,640.00
4,000.00

1,680.00
4,110.00

1,700.00
4,160.00

63.80
25.70

1,730.00
699.00

1,780.00
718.00

1,810.00
727.00

Tree nuts 6 9
Almonds .....................................................................pound
Hazelnuts ....................................................................... ton
Pistachios ...................................................................pound
Walnuts .......................................................................... ton

0.209
183.00
0.194
177.00

5.68
4,970.00
5.27
4,810.00

5.84
5,110.00
5.42
4,940.00

5.91
5,180.00
5.49
5,010.00

Vegetables, fresh 7
Carrots 8 ......................................................................... cwt
Cauliflower 8 .................................................................... cwt
Celery 8 ........................................................................... cwt
Honeydew melons .......................................................... cwt
Lettuce ............................................................................ cwt
Onions 8 .......................................................................... cwt
Tomatoes ....................................................................... cwt

2.69
4.31
2.01
2.09
2.29
1.49
4.68

70.90
116.00
55.70
59.00
63.90
42.70
129.00

75.10
120.00
56.10
58.40
64.00
41.60
131.00

76.10
122.00
56.90
59.10
64.80
42.20
132.00

Pears
Fresh 4 9 ...................................................................... ton
Dried (California) 1 9 .................................................... ton
Plums (California)
Fresh, equivalent on-tree 9 .......................................... ton
Prunes, dried (California) 1 9 ............................................ ton
Prunes and plums
Fresh, excludes California 5 9 ...................................... ton
Processing, excludes dried 1 9 ..................................... ton

1

Equivalent returns at processing plant door.
Equivalent returns at packinghouse door.
Equivalent returns for bulk fruit at first delivery point.
4
Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for California, New York (apples only), Oregon (except peaches), and Washington. Price at point of first sale
for other states.
5
Based on "as sold" prices for fresh fruit in all states.
6
Prices In-Shell basis except almonds which are shelled basis.
7
FOB shipping point prices.
8
Includes some processing.
9
Non-citrus fruit and tree nut estimates discontinued October 2011. The program was later reinstated with a publication date of March 15, 2012. Parity
prices will be published in the July 2012 Agricultural Prices report to include these prices.
2
3

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

35

Marketing Year for Specified Commodities
Broilers: December 1, previous year through November 30 for the United States.
Eggs: December 1, previous year to November 30 for the United States and all States.
Milk: January 1 to December 31 for the United States.
Turkeys: January 1 to December 31 for the United States.
Prices Received for Broilers by Month – United States: 2006-2011
[Live weight equivalent price]
Year

2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011

1

January

(dollars per pound)
0.360
0.370
0.400
0.480
0.430
0.460

February

March

(dollars per pound)

(dollars per pound)

(dollars per pound)

(dollars per pound)

(dollars per pound)

0.360
0.390
0.440
0.480
0.480
0.450

0.350
0.440
0.460
0.470
0.480
0.440

0.340
0.450
0.460
0.450
0.500
0.490

0.320
0.460
0.460
0.450
0.490
0.490

0.330
0.470
0.480
0.490
0.520
0.500

June

July

August

September

October

November

(dollars per pound)

(dollars per pound)

(dollars per pound)

(dollars per pound)

(dollars per pound)

(dollars per pound)

0.360
0.470
0.480
0.510
0.520
0.490

0.380
0.470
0.500
0.490
0.520
0.470

0.390
0.460
0.470
0.430
0.490
0.480

0.390
0.450
0.450
0.420
0.490
0.440

0.370
0.400
0.450
0.400
0.480
0.430

0.370
0.410
0.460
0.410
0.480
0.450

............
............
............
............
............
............

Year
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011

December 1

............
............
............
............
............
............

April

May

December preceding year.

Prices Received for Turkeys by Month – United States: 2006-2011
[Live weight equivalent price]
Year

2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011

36

February

March

April

May

June

(dollars per pound)

(dollars per pound)

(dollars per pound)

(dollars per pound)

(dollars per pound)

0.407
0.399
0.452
0.438
0.466
0.564

0.391
0.426
0.476
0.465
0.491
0.578

0.401
0.439
0.528
0.471
0.522
0.599

0.424
0.466
0.553
0.476
0.537
0.657

0.435
0.485
0.581
0.501
0.561
0.679

0.453
0.517
0.598
0.525
0.617
0.695

July

August

September

October

November

December

(dollars per pound)

(dollars per pound)

(dollars per pound)

(dollars per pound)

(dollars per pound)

(dollars per pound)

0.459
0.556
0.609
0.520
0.647
0.675

0.489
0.573
0.632
0.511
0.668
0.707

0.529
0.605
0.664
0.485
0.690
0.731

0.626
0.618
0.646
0.521
0.734
0.773

0.665
0.623
0.586
0.541
0.736
0.781

0.434
0.529
0.445
0.537
0.677
0.715

............
............
............
............
............
............

Year
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011

January
(dollars per pound)

............
............
............
............
............
............

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Prices Received for All Eggs by Month – United States: 2006-2011
[Includes hatching and market eggs]
Year

2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011

1

January

(dollars per dozen)
0.716
0.816
1.350
0.995
1.060
1.070

February

March

(dollars per dozen)

(dollars per dozen)

(dollars per dozen)

(dollars per dozen)

0.613
0.918
1.300
1.030
1.030
0.849

0.495
0.784
1.310
0.810
0.920
0.949

0.663
0.830
1.370
0.812
1.160
0.843

0.514
0.728
1.030
0.920
0.770
1.050

0.446
0.780
0.868
0.618
0.637
0.822

June

July

August

September

October

November

(dollars per dozen)
0.562
0.679
1.060
0.594
0.619
0.886

(dollars per dozen)
0.456
0.945
0.841
0.708
0.710
0.880

(dollars per dozen)
0.577
0.867
0.964
0.759
0.790
1.140

(dollars per dozen)
0.560
1.070
0.996
0.744
0.635
1.020

(dollars per dozen)
0.569
0.936
1.020
0.800
0.815
1.020

(dollars per dozen)
0.814
1.260
1.020
1.010
1.130
1.020

April

May

............
............
............
............
............
............

Year
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011

December 1

............
............
............
............
............
............

April

May
(dollars per dozen)

December preceding year.

Prices Received for Market Eggs by Month – United States: 2006-2011
Year

2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011

1

January

(dollars per dozen)
0.561
0.671
1.280
0.864
0.944
0.919

February

March

(dollars per dozen)

(dollars per dozen)

(dollars per dozen)

(dollars per dozen)

0.437
0.787
1.210
0.901
0.906
0.660

0.299
0.629
1.230
0.642
0.776
0.776

0.496
0.684
1.300
0.648
1.060
0.653

0.322
0.561
0.890
0.774
0.600
0.888

June

July

August

September

October

November

(dollars per dozen)

(dollars per dozen)

(dollars per dozen)

(dollars per dozen)

(dollars per dozen)

(dollars per dozen)

0.376
0.499
0.930
0.389
0.423
0.687

0.253
0.814
0.676
0.524
0.528
0.684

0.395
0.722
0.820
0.585
0.625
0.991

0.377
0.961
0.861
0.571
0.447
0.858

0.389
0.806
0.892
0.638
0.655
0.858

............
............
............
............
............
............

Year
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011

December 1

............
............
............
............
............
............

(dollars per dozen)
0.236
0.618
0.702
0.418
0.442
0.622

0.678
1.190
0.900
0.884
1.020
0.862

December preceding year.

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

37

Prices Received for All Milk Sold at Plants by Month – States and United States: 2010
State

January

February

March

April

May

June

(dollars per cwt)

(dollars per cwt)

(dollars per cwt)

(dollars per cwt)

(dollars per cwt)

(dollars per cwt)

Arizona .......................
California ....................
Colorado .....................
Florida .........................
Idaho ...........................
Illinois ..........................
Indiana ........................
Iowa ............................
Kansas ........................
Michigan .....................

15.50
14.39
16.20
20.00
14.60
16.70
17.10
16.40
17.00
16.90

15.30
13.92
15.90
20.00
14.10
16.60
16.90
16.20
16.80
16.70

14.30
13.16
15.00
19.60
13.10
15.80
16.20
15.20
16.00
15.70

14.00
13.31
14.70
18.40
13.70
15.30
15.30
14.90
15.40
15.00

14.90
13.60
15.20
19.00
14.30
15.60
15.80
15.30
15.90
15.60

15.60
13.97
15.60
20.50
14.10
16.10
16.60
15.60
16.10
16.30

Minnesota ...................
Missouri ......................
New Mexico ................
New York ....................
Ohio ............................
Oregon ........................
Pennsylvania ..............
Texas ..........................
Utah ............................
Vermont ......................
Virginia ........................
Washington .................
Wisconsin ...................

16.10
16.50
15.70
16.80
17.70
17.20
18.00
17.00
15.70
17.50
19.10
15.70
16.30

15.90
16.30
15.50
16.80
17.70
16.60
18.10
16.80
15.40
17.10
19.00
15.30
16.00

14.60
15.50
14.50
16.10
16.60
15.40
17.00
15.80
14.90
16.20
18.10
14.40
14.70

14.60
14.70
14.10
15.50
15.90
15.60
16.30
15.40
14.20
15.80
17.00
14.30
14.50

14.90
15.20
14.50
16.00
16.40
16.10
16.90
15.70
15.10
16.50
17.60
15.00
14.90

14.90
16.10
14.90
16.80
16.80
16.40
17.50
16.10
15.60
17.10
18.90
15.60
15.00

United States ..............
State

16.10
July

15.80
August

(dollars per cwt)

(dollars per cwt)

14.80

14.60

15.00

15.40

September

October

November

December

(dollars per cwt)

(dollars per cwt)

(dollars per cwt)

(dollars per cwt)

Arizona .......................
California ....................
Colorado .....................
Florida .........................
Idaho ...........................
Illinois ..........................
Indiana ........................
Iowa ............................
Kansas ........................
Michigan .....................

15.90
14.69
15.90
21.00
14.60
16.40
17.20
16.00
16.60
16.70

16.40
15.42
16.60
21.00
15.30
17.50
17.90
16.80
17.40
17.50

17.00
16.35
17.70
21.40
16.50
18.70
18.50
18.10
18.60
18.10

17.80
16.93
18.50
22.00
17.10
19.60
19.30
19.00
19.80
19.30

17.80
15.86
18.20
22.80
16.20
19.00
19.10
18.30
19.50
18.90

16.60
14.86
16.80
22.30
15.00
17.80
18.10
16.80
18.10
17.60

Minnesota ...................
Missouri ......................
New Mexico ................
New York ....................
Ohio ............................
Oregon ........................
Pennsylvania ..............
Texas ..........................
Utah ............................
Vermont ......................
Virginia ........................
Washington .................
Wisconsin ...................

15.30
16.50
15.40
17.40
17.20
16.60
18.10
16.70
15.80
17.60
19.60
15.80
15.20

16.50
17.30
16.10
18.00
18.00
17.60
18.50
17.40
16.70
18.00
19.80
16.40
16.40

18.20
17.90
17.00
18.60
19.20
19.10
19.60
18.40
17.40
19.20
20.50
17.40
17.80

18.90
18.60
18.20
19.50
20.10
19.80
20.30
19.50
18.40
20.00
21.40
18.30
18.80

17.70
18.40
17.90
19.40
19.80
19.00
20.20
19.20
18.10
19.60
21.60
18.10
18.00

16.30
17.10
16.60
18.30
18.60
17.60
18.90
17.80
17.00
18.20
20.60
16.90
16.50

United States ..............

15.90

16.70

17.70

18.50

17.90

16.70

38

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Prices Received for All Milk Sold at Plants by Month – States and United States: 2011
State

January

February

March

April

May

June

(dollars per cwt)

(dollars per cwt)

(dollars per cwt)

(dollars per cwt)

(dollars per cwt)

(dollars per cwt)

Arizona .......................
California ....................
Colorado .....................
Florida ........................
Idaho ..........................
Illinois .........................
Indiana .......................
Iowa ............................
Kansas .......................
Michigan .....................

16.50
15.69
16.70
20.80
15.30
17.60
17.50
16.80
17.90
17.40

18.30
17.93
18.90
21.90
17.90
19.80
19.10
19.30
20.20
19.20

19.90
18.42
20.30
23.30
18.70
21.30
20.80
20.90
21.70
21.10

19.60
17.87
19.70
24.20
17.70
20.00
20.60
19.90
20.90
20.60

19.80
18.08
19.60
24.40
17.70
19.90
20.50
19.70
20.70
20.60

21.00
20.32
20.80
25.30
19.30
21.70
21.90
21.20
21.80
21.60

Minnesota ...................
Missouri ......................
New Mexico ................
New York ....................
Ohio ............................
Oregon .......................
Pennsylvania ..............
Texas .........................
Utah ............................
Vermont ......................
Virginia .......................
Washington ................
Wisconsin ...................

16.20
16.40
16.20
17.80
18.40
16.90
18.90
17.60
16.80
18.20
20.10
17.00
16.20

19.50
18.40
18.60
19.60
20.40
20.10
20.60
19.90
18.40
20.10
21.30
19.40
19.10

20.90
20.40
20.20
21.30
22.10
22.20
22.00
21.60
20.10
21.60
22.60
21.10
21.10

19.10
20.00
19.20
21.20
21.60
20.40
21.50
20.40
19.60
21.40
22.90
20.30
19.20

19.40
20.20
19.20
21.30
21.50
20.00
22.10
20.60
19.50
21.40
22.80
20.10
18.90

21.20
21.90
20.20
22.40
22.40
22.10
22.90
21.60
20.50
22.70
24.00
21.70
20.60

United States ..............
State

16.70
July

19.10
August

(dollars per cwt)

(dollars per cwt)

20.40

19.60

19.60

21.10

September

October

November

December

(dollars per cwt)

(dollars per cwt)

(dollars per cwt)

(dollars per cwt)

Arizona .......................
California ....................
Colorado .....................
Florida ........................
Idaho ..........................
Illinois .........................
Indiana .......................
Iowa ............................
Kansas .......................
Michigan .....................

21.60
20.22
21.60
25.80
19.90
22.80
22.80
22.10
22.40
22.70

22.00
20.31
22.00
26.60
19.70
23.10
23.30
22.60
22.60
23.20

21.00
18.99
21.30
26.60
18.90
21.90
22.90
21.60
22.10
22.60

19.70
18.19
19.70
24.30
18.30
20.90
21.10
20.60
20.30
21.10

19.60
18.92
19.90
23.70
19.20
21.30
21.00
21.20
20.90
21.00

19.10
17.40
19.10
23.20
18.40
20.70
20.40
20.40
20.40
20.60

Minnesota ...................
Missouri ......................
New Mexico ................
New York ....................
Ohio ............................
Oregon .......................
Pennsylvania ..............
Texas .........................
Utah ............................
Vermont ......................
Virginia .......................
Washington ................
Wisconsin ...................

22.50
22.50
21.00
23.00
23.10
23.50
23.50
22.50
20.40
23.10
24.30
22.30
22.20

22.70
23.60
21.30
23.50
23.40
24.00
24.10
23.00
21.30
23.70
25.20
22.60
22.60

21.10
22.70
20.30
23.00
22.90
22.10
23.70
22.00
20.60
23.00
25.30
21.60
21.20

20.60
20.90
18.30
21.70
21.50
21.20
22.20
19.90
19.10
21.50
23.40
20.40
20.40

21.70
20.90
18.90
21.60
21.60
22.20
22.20
20.70
19.50
21.60
23.20
21.00
21.40

21.00
20.50
18.80
20.70
21.10
21.50
21.40
20.00
19.00
21.20
22.10
19.90
20.90

United States ..............

21.80

22.10

21.10

20.00

20.50

19.70

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

39

Prices Received for All Milk Sold at Plants, Monthly Fat Test – States and United States: 2010
State

January

February

March

April

May

June

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

Arizona .......................
California ....................
Colorado .....................
Florida .........................
Idaho ...........................
Illinois ..........................
Indiana ........................
Iowa ............................
Kansas ........................
Michigan .....................

3.59
3.79
3.61
3.66
3.71
3.84
3.83
3.74
3.80
3.69

3.55
3.73
3.55
3.62
3.66
3.81
3.77
3.71
3.78
3.66

3.51
3.68
3.52
3.56
3.64
3.75
3.69
3.66
3.72
3.59

3.42
3.63
3.48
3.48
3.62
3.69
3.61
3.59
3.62
3.54

3.40
3.59
3.43
3.48
3.57
3.68
3.57
3.56
3.55
3.51

3.41
3.55
3.33
3.50
3.50
3.61
3.52
3.50
3.46
3.45

Minnesota ...................
Missouri ......................
New Mexico ................
New York ....................
Ohio ............................
Oregon ........................
Pennsylvania ..............
Texas ..........................
Utah ............................
Vermont ......................
Virginia ........................
Washington .................
Wisconsin ...................

3.80
3.77
3.69
3.78
3.87
3.78
3.75
3.86
3.78
3.84
3.78
3.78
3.73

3.77
3.74
3.69
3.77
3.86
3.71
3.75
3.88
3.69
3.83
3.75
3.71
3.70

3.71
3.67
3.56
3.73
3.77
3.72
3.70
3.75
3.68
3.82
3.61
3.72
3.67

3.65
3.61
3.47
3.67
3.68
3.74
3.65
3.64
3.63
3.78
3.55
3.74
3.62

3.63
3.55
3.42
3.62
3.63
3.68
3.60
3.61
3.59
3.73
3.52
3.68
3.59

3.57
3.55
3.37
3.56
3.56
3.63
3.50
3.56
3.52
3.67
3.49
3.63
3.54

United States ..............
State

3.76
July

3.73
August

(percent)

(percent)

3.67

3.62

September

October

(percent)

(percent)

3.58

3.53

November

December

(percent)

(percent)

Arizona .......................
California ....................
Colorado .....................
Florida .........................
Idaho ...........................
Illinois ..........................
Indiana ........................
Iowa ............................
Kansas ........................
Michigan .....................

3.41
3.51
3.31
3.51
3.42
3.55
3.50
3.47
3.45
3.44

3.42
3.56
3.32
3.54
3.48
3.58
3.52
3.50
3.48
3.45

3.44
3.63
3.43
3.60
3.59
3.67
3.62
3.60
3.59
3.55

3.51
3.68
3.51
3.67
3.64
3.79
3.76
3.71
3.75
3.69

3.65
3.79
3.67
3.73
3.77
3.86
3.87
3.79
3.85
3.76

3.69
3.85
3.70
3.77
3.82
3.90
3.93
3.83
3.93
3.79

Minnesota ...................
Missouri ......................
New Mexico ................
New York ....................
Ohio ............................
Oregon ........................
Pennsylvania ..............
Texas ..........................
Utah ............................
Vermont ......................
Virginia ........................
Washington .................
Wisconsin ...................

3.54
3.55
3.37
3.54
3.54
3.60
3.50
3.56
3.46
3.63
3.42
3.60
3.47

3.56
3.50
3.40
3.55
3.55
3.62
3.50
3.59
3.50
3.65
3.48
3.62
3.51

3.67
3.51
3.48
3.65
3.65
3.71
3.65
3.67
3.64
3.75
3.59
3.71
3.61

3.76
3.73
3.60
3.77
3.80
3.78
3.75
3.80
3.70
3.86
3.75
3.78
3.72

3.84
3.75
3.74
3.84
3.90
3.91
3.85
3.92
3.85
3.90
3.82
3.91
3.79

3.87
3.82
3.78
3.86
3.98
3.94
3.85
3.96
3.87
3.91
3.91
3.94
3.82

United States ..............

3.49

3.52

3.62

3.71

3.81

3.85

40

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Prices Received for All Milk Sold at Plants, Monthly Fat Test – States and United States: 2011
State

January

February

March

April

May

June

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

Arizona .......................
California ....................
Colorado .....................
Florida ........................
Idaho ..........................
Illinois .........................
Indiana .......................
Iowa ............................
Kansas .......................
Michigan .....................

3.69
3.85
3.69
3.76
3.79
3.93
3.89
3.80
3.89
3.77

3.62
3.80
3.66
3.71
3.74
3.88
3.84
3.76
3.87
3.75

3.54
3.75
3.60
3.66
3.73
3.78
3.78
3.74
3.83
3.70

3.50
3.70
3.57
3.63
3.70
3.74
3.72
3.71
3.74
3.67

3.47
3.66
3.56
3.59
3.63
3.67
3.64
3.64
3.67
3.61

3.49
3.65
3.47
3.60
3.54
3.59
3.58
3.57
3.60
3.53

Minnesota ...................
Missouri ......................
New Mexico ................
New York ....................
Ohio ............................
Oregon .......................
Pennsylvania ..............
Texas .........................
Utah ............................
Vermont ......................
Virginia .......................
Washington ................
Wisconsin ...................

3.84
3.85
3.78
3.84
3.94
3.90
3.85
3.96
3.87
3.87
3.90
3.90
3.82

3.80
3.81
3.76
3.82
3.88
3.85
3.80
3.95
3.78
3.87
3.82
3.85
3.77

3.77
3.74
3.63
3.79
3.83
3.83
3.80
3.82
3.75
3.85
3.76
3.83
3.75

3.73
3.68
3.56
3.75
3.79
3.79
3.75
3.77
3.70
3.82
3.69
3.79
3.72

3.69
3.65
3.54
3.67
3.70
3.71
3.65
3.75
3.67
3.76
3.61
3.71
3.68

3.63
3.57
3.45
3.60
3.62
3.67
3.60
3.68
3.58
3.70
3.56
3.67
3.60

United States ..............
State

3.84
July

3.80
August

(percent)

(percent)

3.75

3.71

September

October

(percent)

(percent)

3.66

3.60

November

December

(percent)

(percent)

Arizona .......................
California ....................
Colorado .....................
Florida ........................
Idaho ..........................
Illinois .........................
Indiana .......................
Iowa ............................
Kansas .......................
Michigan .....................

3.46
3.58
3.41
3.62
3.51
3.56
3.56
3.57
3.57
3.49

3.48
3.61
3.39
3.65
3.49
3.54
3.53
3.54
3.55
3.50

3.46
3.64
3.46
3.67
3.56
3.64
3.64
3.66
3.67
3.61

3.55
3.72
3.57
3.73
3.65
3.84
3.75
3.76
3.84
3.72

3.60
3.81
3.66
3.73
3.77
3.95
3.81
3.85
3.91
3.77

3.68
3.84
3.69
3.69
3.78
3.94
3.81
3.85
3.94
3.76

Minnesota ...................
Missouri ......................
New Mexico ................
New York ....................
Ohio ............................
Oregon .......................
Pennsylvania ..............
Texas .........................
Utah ............................
Vermont ......................
Virginia .......................
Washington ................
Wisconsin ...................

3.62
3.54
3.43
3.58
3.56
3.63
3.60
3.66
3.48
3.66
3.57
3.63
3.57

3.63
3.53
3.42
3.59
3.56
3.63
3.55
3.67
3.54
3.66
3.55
3.63
3.56

3.73
3.63
3.48
3.68
3.66
3.69
3.70
3.73
3.62
3.73
3.66
3.69
3.67

3.81
3.74
3.58
3.76
3.77
3.81
3.75
3.82
3.74
3.80
3.81
3.81
3.76

3.91
3.80
3.63
3.83
3.81
3.92
3.85
3.88
3.84
3.86
3.90
3.92
3.84

3.90
3.83
3.71
3.82
3.85
3.89
3.80
3.93
3.86
3.88
3.85
3.89
3.84

United States ..............

3.56

3.57

3.64

3.73

3.82

3.83

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

41

Adjustment for Seasonal Variation - All Eggs and All Milk
Base prices used in calculating parity prices are averages of prices received by farmers for several years; therefore, any
seasonal variation is largely averaged out. To facilitate comparisons with parity prices, monthly prices for All Eggs and
All Milk are adjusted for seasonal variation. The seasonally adjusted price is calculated by dividing the monthly price by
the adjustment factor.
Prices Received for All Eggs Adjusted for Seasonal Variation by Month – United States: 2008-2011
State

2008
2009
2010
2011
1

......
......
......
......

Prices received adjusted for seasonal variation
Dec 1
1.140
0.844
0.878
0.871

Jan

Feb

1.130
0.868
0.885
0.758

Mar

1.250
0.773
0.859
0.900

Apr

1.240
0.727
1.050
0.759

May

1.130
1.060
0.794
1.100

1.050
0.781
0.804
1.060

Jun

Jul

Aug

1.160
0.763
0.804
1.130

0.918
0.785
0.837
1.050

1.050
0.802
0.824
1.170

Sep
1.020
0.785
0.684
1.020

Oct

Nov

1.080
0.811
0.836
1.009

0.880
0.845
0.999
0.898

December preceding year.

Prices Received for All Eggs as a Percentage of Parity Price by Month – United States: 2008-2011
State

2008
2009
2010
2011
1

......
......
......
......

Seasonally adjusted price as a percentage of parity price
Dec 1

Jan

60
40
41
38

Feb
57
41
40
32

Mar
61
37
38
38

Apr
60
34
47
31

May
53
49
36
45

Jun

48
37
36
43

Jul
52
35
37
46

Aug
40
37
38
42

45
37
37
47

Sep

Oct

44
37
31
41

Nov
48
38
37
41

41
40
44
36

December preceding year.

Prices Received for All Eggs Adjustment Factors by Month – United States: 2008-2011
State

2008
2009
2010
2011
1

......
......
......
......

Seasonal price adjustment factors
Dec 1

Jan

119
118
120
124

114
119
116
112

Feb
105
105
107
106

Mar
111
112
110
112

Apr

May
91
87
97
96

83
79
79
77

Jun

Jul
91
78
77
78

Aug
92
90
85
84

92
94
96
97

Sep
98
95
93
93

Oct
95
99
97
101

Nov
116
120
113
114

December preceding year.

42

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Prices Received for All Milk Adjusted for Seasonal Variation by Month – United States: 2008-2011
State

2008
2009
2010
2011
1

.......
.......
.......
.......

Prices received adjusted for seasonal variation
Dec 1
20.90
15.00
15.50
15.50

Jan

Feb

20.50
13.40
16.00
16.60

Mar

19.90
12.30
16.20
19.30

Apr

19.10
12.80
15.90
21.80

May

19.00
12.70
15.60
20.90

19.10
12.10
15.80
20.60

Jun

Jul

Aug

19.10
11.30
15.90
22.00

18.70
11.40
16.40
22.60

17.90
12.00
16.70
22.00

Sep
17.30
12.50
17.00
20.30

Oct

Nov

16.80
13.50
17.40
18.80

16.10
14.40
16.60
19.00

December preceding year.

Prices Received for All Milk as a Percentage of Parity Price by Month – United States: 2008-2011
State

2008
2009
2010
2011
1

Seasonally adjusted price as a percentage of parity price
Dec 1

.......
.......
.......
.......

Jan

50
33
34
33

Feb
47
30
36
35

Mar
44
28
36
41

Apr
42
29
35
45

May
40
28
35
42

Jun

40
27
35
42

Jul
39
25
36
45

Aug
38
25
37
45

35
27
38
45

Sep

Oct

34
28
38
41

Nov
34
30
39
38

34
32
36
38

December preceding year.

Prices Received for All Milk Adjustment Factors by Month – United States: 2008-2011
State

2008
2009
2010
2011
1

.......
.......
.......
.......

Seasonal price adjustment factors
Dec

1

Jan

103
104
107
108

100
99
101
101

Feb

Mar
96
95
98
99

Apr
95
92
93
94

May
95
94
93
94

96
96
95
95

Jun
101
100
97
96

Jul
104
99
97
97

Aug
103
101
100
100

Sep
105
104
104
104

Oct
106
106
106
106

Nov
106
107
108
107

December preceding year.

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

43

Prices Received 1990-1992 Base Indexes Monthly and Annual Average – United States: 2008-2012
[Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not begun]
Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

January

February

April

May

June

July

August

September

October November December

Average 1

All products
145
139
136
166
188

146
126
132
171
181

146
126
137
173
184

January

February

March

159
161
149
189
212

164
146
145
200
205

167
147
150
198
210

January

February

March

248
220
177
220
229

293
205
175
232
226

306
201
173
233
227

January

February

March

146
129
135
176
177
April

152
129
138
175
May

158
133
135
180
June

159
130
138
181
July

156
126
141
183

154
126
143
179

August

September

151
134
151
184

142
135
154
184

135
136
153
179

October November December

149
131
141
178
183
Average 1

All crops
169
151
146
200
205
April

173
149
148
203
May

183
157
144
209
June

182
149
147
207
July

177
145
151
209

174
141
152
203

August

September

168
151
163
203

158
153
172
206

150
150
170
198

October November December

169
150
153
202
208
Average 1

Food grains
301
200
166
244
223
April

283
200
158
253
May

255
194
145
243
June

241
177
154
236
July

257
170
181
249

249
161
189
247

August

September

232
163
190
237

229
172
199
235

212
173
214
235

October November December

259
186
177
239
226
Average 1

Feed grains & hay
173
188
158
209
261

193
169
153
232
268

200
169
153
230
271

January

February

March

101
76
100
135
149

104
68
107
153
152

104
67
107
139
149

January

February

March

92
104
103
99
104

92
104
103
99
104

92
104
103
99
104

January

February

March

178
179
173
207
214

210
172
168
228
220

205
164
167
228
233

January

February

March

152
121
132
150
152

150
122
143
142
155

149
123
143
144
162

215
168
148
263
265
April

227
172
152
266
May

231
169
148
262
June

225
154
151
262
July

227
148
157
281

218
143
173
269

August

September

193
155
185
249

187
157
194
253

179
155
202
253

October November December

206
162
165
252
266
Average 1

Cotton
108
74
110
143
151
April

107
74
110
137
May

106
74
113
137
June

109
72
113
136
July

89
82
125
155

101
88
123
154

August

September

97
97
128
152

90
98
134
153

88
105
134
146

October November December

100
81
117
145
150
Average 1

Tobacco
92
104
103
99
104
April

92
104
103
99
May

92
104
103
99
June

92
104
103
99
July

92
104
103
99

92
104
103
99

August

September

92
104
103
99

92
104
103
99

104
103
99
104

October November December

93
104
103
83
104
Average 1

Oilseeds
215
175
169
235
247
April

217
191
168
237
May

236
203
168
237
June

239
192
174
237
July

228
192
178
239

178
158
149
201

August

September

174
161
167
205

173
165
186
215

172
172
199
212

October November December

202
177
172
223
229
Average 1

Fruits & nuts

See footnote(s) at end of table.

44

March

137
123
130
145
169

153
129
142
149

151
131
142
159

152
136
148
146

153
139
151
173

160
148
158
179

155
149
163
176

146
147
176
175

127
137
144
157

149
134
148
158
160
--continued

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Prices Received 1990-1992 Base Indexes Monthly and Annual Average – United States:
2008-2012 (continued)
[Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not begun]
Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
1

...
...
...
...
...

January

February

March

138
173
148
194
119

118
139
147
272
112

135
151
210
213
124

January

February

March

132
164
135
152
173

138
156
137
158
174

139
162
138
181
182

January

February

March

122
123
125
131
131

122
123
125
131
131

122
123
125
131
131

January

February

March

145
134
134
159
172

144
122
131
163
168

144
122
137
168
171

January

February

March

129
115
121
137
156

131
109
122
144
158

129
109
127
152
160

January

February

March

111
106
110
140
163

115
105
113
143
166

112
105
120
151
166

January

February

March

157
102
123
128
145

146
89
121
146
136

139
90
113
156
132

January

February

March

148
149
150
141
153

155
141
147
142
161

158
137
161
150
174

April

May

June

July

August

September

October November December

Average 1

Commercial vegetables
162
176
190
158
130
April

154
141
172
170
May

153
155
152
166
June

143
135
150
163
July

144
140
151
136

175
135
149
138

August

September

179
167
142
124

155
216
183
159

151
208
155
136

October November December

151
161
162
169
121
Average 1

Potatoes & dry beans
149
163
146
188
192
April

162
160
152
189
May

178
162
141
196
June

189
152
141
232
July

186
149
137
180

157
142
127
157

August

September

140
128
123
143

156
130
138
160

163
135
163
168

October November December

157
150
140
175
180
Average 1

Other crops
122
123
125
131
131
April

122
123
125
131
May

122
123
125
131
June

123
123
125
131
July

123
123
125
131

123
124
127
131

August

September

123
125
130
131

123
125
130
131

123
125
130
131

October November December

123
124
126
131
131
Average 1

Food commodities
143
127
135
166
166
April

148
126
138
165
May

155
130
135
171
June

156
128
139
172
July

153
124
142
173

152
125
141
167

August

September

149
132
146
173

139
135
149
172

133
137
148
169

October November December

147
129
140
168
169
Average 1

Livestock and products
128
112
128
156
153
April

134
113
131
152
May

137
111
129
153
June

138
112
132
155
July

137
109
134
158

133
108
134
152

August

September

127
110
134
154

123
115
134
157

119
120
134
157

October November December

130
112
130
152
157
Average 1

Meat animals
114
110
128
158
163
April

123
110
130
151
May

123
106
124
146
June

126
107
125
152
July

130
104
128
153

124
103
128
149

August

September

116
103
124
156

109
104
122
158

104
105
127
156

October November December

117
106
123
151
165
Average 1

Dairy products
139
91
112
150
129
April

141
89
115
150
May

148
87
118
162
June

149
87
122
167
July

141
93
128
169

139
100
136
162

August

September

136
109
142
153

131
118
137
157

119
126
128
151

October November December

140
98
125
154
136
Average 1

Poultry & eggs
148
140
146
158
159

149
142
150
155

154
147
151
155

154
145
155
150

151
133
151
160

149
129
147
150

149
127
152
149

149
137
163
154

148
142
154
162

151
139
152
152
162

Simple average required for parity regulations. Weighted 1990-1992 average equals 100. Average is year-to-date for current year.

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

45

Prices Received 1910-1914 Base Indexes Monthly and Annual Average – United States: 2008-2012
[Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not begun]
Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

January

February

April

May

June

July

August

September

October November December

Average 1

All products
917
882
861
1054
1195

926
799
840
1083
1148

929
800
869
1100
1166

January

February

March

787
797
737
935
1049

814
725
719
992
1018

829
730
745
979
1040

January

February

March

787
698
559
696
726

927
649
556
735
715

971
638
547
739
719

January

February

March

926
820
857
1115
1122

962
820
875
1111

April

May

839
747
723
992
1014

857
739
732
1004

April

May

1005
842
859
1139
June

1011
823
879
1147
July

990
798
896
1162

980
797
908
1138

August

September

955
848
956
1166

899
858
977
1167

858
861
968
1136

October November December

947
829
895
1127
1158
Average 1

All crops
909
779
713
1036
June

903
737
728
1024
July

878
718
748
1037

862
701
753
1007

August

September

831
747
809
1005

784
758
851
1020

742
742
843
981

October November December

836
743
758
1001
1030
Average 1

Food grains
954
633
525
774
706
April

895
633
502
801
May

809
616
459
771
June

765
559
487
747
July

813
537
575
789

789
509
598
781

August

September

736
516
603
751

725
547
630
745

672
548
677
745

October November December

820
590
560
756
717
Average 1

Feed grains & hay
619
671
564
745
932

689
604
544
828
955

713
602
546
820
967

January

February

March

521
389
515
695
764

533
349
550
786
782

533
342
550
714
763

January

February

March

1395
1569
1563
1491
1566

1395
1569
1563
1491
1566

1395
1569
1563
1491
1566

January

February

March

974
981
951
1132
1173

1150
945
920
1248
1208

1125
899
918
1250
1278

January

February

March

1062
846
922
1044
1064

1047
851
998
988
1079

1040
859
1000
1007
1132

768
599
527
938
944
April

809
612
540
948
May

824
604
529
933
June

803
551
539
934
July

808
527
559
1001

779
511
617
961

August

September

686
553
660
888

668
560
692
902

640
552
721
902

October November December

734
579
587
900
950
Average 1

Cotton
554
378
565
734
775

547
380
564
704

April

May

1395
1569
1563
1491
1566

1395
1569
1563
1491

April

May

1180
960
925
1288
1353

1190
1048
919
1296

April

May

957
856
911
1015
1183

1067
898
990
1041

542
381
580
705
June

560
369
580
698
July

455
419
640
796

517
450
633
791

August

September

498
495
654
781

464
504
690
783

451
537
687
749

October November December

515
416
601
745
771
Average 1

Tobacco
1395
1569
1563
1491
June

1395
1569
1563
1491
July

1395
1569
1563
1491

1395
1569
1563
1491

August

September

1395
1569
1563
1491

1395
1569
1563
1491

1569
1563
1491
1566

October November December

1409
1569
1557
1497
1566
Average 1

Oilseeds
1292
1113
923
1301
June

1308
1055
956
1299
July

1248
1055
976
1311

975
867
816
1104

August

September

951
884
917
1124

949
905
1017
1179

943
942
1092
1164

October November December

1107
971
944
1225
1253
Average 1

Fruits & nuts

See footnote(s) at end of table.

46

March

1054
912
992
1112

1063
950
1030
1018

1067
974
1054
1208

1114
1036
1101
1250

1083
1040
1136
1229

1022
1027
1228
1219

883
958
1004
1095

1038
934
1031
1102
1115
--continued

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Prices Received 1910-1914 Base Indexes Monthly and Annual Average – United States:
2008-2012 (continued)
[Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not begun]
Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
1

...
...
...
...
...

January

February

March

985
1239
1060
1384
849

846
992
1054
1946
803

962
1077
1501
1523
886

January

February

March

667
831
683
770
875

699
791
696
799
881

705
819
697
915
925

January

February

March

602
607
614
643
645

602
607
614
643
645

602
607
614
643
645

January

February

March

988
878
930
1052
1199

1004
836
937
1103
1208

990
832
974
1166
1223

January

February

March

1132
1075
1119
1422
1655

1171
1067
1156
1461
1694

1144
1067
1218
1538
1695

January

February

March

1261
818
991
1028
1169

1175
714
972
1175
1089

1114
720
911
1255
1058

January

February

March

417
419
422
395
430

435
395
413
399
452

445
384
452
421
490

April

May

1157
1256
1357
1128
929

1100
1010
1226
1213

April

May

June

July

August

September

October November December

Average 1

Commercial vegetables
1091
1106
1087
1183
June

1022
967
1069
1162
July

1030
1001
1079
972

1248
963
1061
989

August

September

1278
1196
1018
888

1109
1544
1311
1134

1078
1489
1106
975

October November December

1076
1153
1161
1208
867
Average 1

Potatoes & dry beans
756
824
738
955
972
April

820
812
768
959
May

901
821
712
992
June

957
769
713
1178
July

941
756
694
910

795
718
643
797

August

September

710
647
624
725

792
661
699
810

826
682
828
853

October November December

797
761
708
889
913
Average 1

Other crops
602
607
614
643
645

602
607
614
643

April

May

978
861
978
1195
1173

1026
863
1004
1163

April

May

1157
1120
1300
1607
1656

1256
1117
1325
1537

April

May

1114
732
898
1206
1040

1132
714
923
1206

April

May

602
607
614
643
June

603
607
614
643
July

603
607
614
643

607
610
626
643

August

September

607
614
640
643

607
614
640
643

607
614
640
643

October November December

604
609
622
643
645
Average 1

Livestock and products
1048
854
987
1169
June

1059
859
1008
1186
July

1053
833
1024
1215

1021
831
1028
1167

August

September

975
843
1024
1180

944
882
1030
1204

911
917
1026
1200

October November December

1000
857
996
1167
1201
Average 1

Meat animals
1252
1078
1260
1490
June

1285
1086
1274
1543
July

1325
1060
1308
1559

1263
1050
1308
1521

August

September

1178
1048
1261
1593

1114
1064
1243
1611

1058
1067
1296
1594

October November December

1195
1075
1256
1540
1675
Average 1

Dairy products
1188
695
948
1298
June

1194
695
978
1341
July

1132
745
1028
1360

1120
800
1089
1298

August

September

1095
880
1138
1231

1052
948
1101
1261

954
1015
1028
1212

October November December

1128
790
1000
1239
1089
Average 1

Poultry & eggs
415
394
409
444
447

418
399
420
435

433
412
424
436

431
407
434
421

423
372
424
450

417
362
412
420

417
357
426
418

418
384
457
434

416
400
432
454

424
390
427
427
455

Simple average required for parity regulations. Weighted 1910-1914 average equals 100. Average is year-to-date for current year.

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

47

Reliability of Prices Received Estimates
Definition: Prices received represent sales from producers to first buyers. They include all grades and qualities. The
average commodity price from the survey multiplied by the total quantity marketed theoretically should give the total cash
receipts for the commodity.
Survey procedures: Primary sales data used to determine grain prices were obtained from probability samples of about
1900 mills and elevators. These procedures ensure that virtually all grain moving into commercial channels has a chance
of being included in the survey. Generally, States surveyed account for 90 percent or more of total United States
production. Livestock prices are obtained from packers, stockyards, auctions, dealers, and market check data from
AMS-USDA, private marketing organizations, and state commodity groups and agencies. Inter-farm sales of grain and
livestock are not included since they represent very small percentages of the total marketings. Grain marketed for seed is
also excluded. Fruit and vegetable prices are obtained from sample surveys and market check data from AMS-USDA,
private marketing organizations, state agencies, and universities.
Summary and estimation procedures: Survey quantities sold are expanded by strata to state levels and used to weight
average strata prices to a state average. State prices are then weighted to a United States price based on expanded
marketings. Recommendations are prepared by the State Field Offices and reviewed by the Agricultural Statistics Board
in Washington, D.C. State recommendations are reviewed for reasonableness with survey data, other States, and recent
historic estimates.
Revisions: For most items, the current month's preliminary price represents a 3-5 day period around the 15th of the
month. Previous month's prices represent actual dollars received for quantities sold during the entire month. Revisions are
published in monthly issues of Agricultural Prices.
Reliability: United States price estimates based on probability surveys generally have a sampling error of less than one
percent for the major commodities such as corn, wheat, soybeans, cotton, and rice. Current methods of summarization for
non-probability commodities are not designed directly to calculate sampling errors. However, analytical measures
approximate the United States relative sampling errors at around five percent. Any nonsampling errors are attributed to
such things as the inability to obtain correct information, differences in interpreting questions or definitions, mistakes in
coding or processing the data, etc. Efforts are made at each step in the survey process to minimize these nonsampling
errors.

48

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Prices Paid by Farmers
The April Index of Prices Paid for Commodities and Services, Interest, Taxes, and Farm Wage Rates (PPITW) at 213
(1990-1992=100), is unchanged from March 2012 but up 4.9 percent from April 2011.
Production index: The April index, at 226, is unchanged from last month but increased 5.1 percent from last year. Higher
prices in April for complete feeds, concentrates, hay & forages, and supplements offset lower prices for feeder cattle,
feeder pigs, feed grains, and LP gas.
Feed: The April index, at 237, increased 1.3 percent from March and 6.3 percent from last April. Since March, higher
prices for complete feeds, concentrates, hay & forages, and supplements more than offset lower prices for feed grains.
Livestock and poultry: The April index, at 177, decreased 3.8 percent from last month but increased 11 percent from last
year. Since March, prices for feeder cattle, feeder pigs, and milk cows are lower. The April feeder cattle price, at $155.30
per cwt, is down $4.10 per cwt from the March price. April feeder pigs averaged $166.00 per cwt, down $32.00 per cwt
from March.
Fertilizer: The April index, at 333, is unchanged from March but 2.1 percent above April a year ago. Since March, higher
prices for nitrogen and mixed fertilizer offset lower prices for potash & phosphate.
Chemicals: The April index, at 151, decreased 0.7 percent from March but increased 4.9 percent from last April.
Compared with last month, prices for herbicides, insecticides, and fungicides/other are lower.
Fuels: The April index, at 381, is down 0.3 percent from a month earlier but 0.3 percent above April 2011. Compared
with last month, prices are lower for LP gas and diesel but higher for gasoline.
Machinery: The April index, at 252, is unchanged from March but is 5.0 percent above last April. Compared with last
month, prices are lower for self-propelled machinery.
Consumer price index: The March 2012 Consumer Price Index, as issued by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, for all urban
consumers (CPI-U) increased 0.8 percent before seasonal adjustment to a level of 229.392 (1982-1984=100). The
February index is 227.663. For the 12 month period ending in March, the overall index increased 2.7 percent.

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

49

Prices Paid Indexes and Related Parity Ratios – United States: April 2012 with Comparisons
[Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov]
Indexes
and
ratios

1910-1914 Base

1990-1992 Base

April
2011

March
2012

April
2012

April
2011

March
2012

April
2012

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

Prices paid by farmers for
commodities, services,
interest, taxes, and wage
rates (PPITW) .........................................
Production ...........................................
Feed ...............................................
Livestock and poultry .......................
Seeds ..............................................
Fertilizer ..........................................
Chemicals .......................................
Fuels ...............................................
Supplies and repairs .......................

2706
2089
1089
2039
3327
1195
892
2931
1169

2829
2192
1144
2350
3496
1219
939
2950
1206

2830
2190
1159
2264
3496
1219
937
2941
1212

203
215
223
160
336
326
144
380
165

213
226
234
184
353
333
152
382
170

213
226
237
177
353
333
151
381
171

Autos and trucks .............................
Machinery .......................................
Building materials ............................
Services and rent ............................
Services ..........................................
Rent ................................................

3076
6029
2318
2120
(NA)
(NA)

3136
6330
2377
2180
(NA)
(NA)

3138
6329
2385
2179
(NA)
(NA)

116
240
171
(NA)
164
205

118
252
175
(NA)
167
212

118
252
176
(NA)
167
212

Interest 1 .............................................
Taxes 2 ................................................
Wage rates .........................................
Production, interest, taxes,
and wage rates (PITW) ...................
Family living-CPI 3 ...............................

3381
5935
7075

3635
6225
7205

3635
6225
7205

135
222
189

145
232
193

145
232
193

2819
2136

2957
2179

2955
2195

210
167

220
170

220
171

Ratio (received/paid) ...........................
Parity ratio 4 ........................................
Parity ratio adjusted 5 ..........................
PPITW adjusted for
productivity 6 ....................................

(NA)
41
42

(NA)
41
42

(NA)
40
41

87
(NA)
(NA)

86
(NA)
(NA)

83
(NA)
(NA)

1454

1481

1483

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

Crop sector (PPITW) ...........................
Livestock sector (PPITW) ....................

(NA)
(NA)

(NA)
(NA)

(NA)
(NA)

213
193

221
204

221
204

Farm sector (production) .....................
Non-farm sector (production) ...............

(NA)
(NA)

(NA)
(NA)

(NA)
(NA)

220
213

238
219

237
219

(NA) Not available.
1
Interest per acre on farm real estate debt and interest rate on farm non-real estate debt.
2
Farm real estate taxes payable per acre.
3
Bureau of Labor Statistics, Consumer Price Index for all urban consumers (CPI-U), for the previous month converted by the USDA.
4
Ratio of index of prices received to PPITW (1910-1914=100).
5
Based on estimated cash receipts, from marketings and government payments, the preliminary adjustment factor is 1.044 for 2012 and the
revised factor is 1.041 for 2011.
6
PPITW is adjusted based on productivity trend for the prior 15 years.

50

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Prices Paid Indexes and Annual Weights for Input Components and Sub-Components – United States:
April 2012 with Comparisons
[Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov. Relative weights are a five year moving average]
Relative weights

Indexes (1990-1992=100)

2011

2012

April
2011

March
2012

April
2012

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

Production items ...................................................

70.6

71.1

215

226

226

Feed .................................................................
Feed grains ...................................................
Complete feeds .............................................
Hay and forages ...........................................
Concentrates ................................................
Supplements .................................................
Livestock and poultry ........................................
Feeder cattle .................................................
Feeder pigs ...................................................
Milk cow replacements ..................................
Poultry ..........................................................

12.2
1.7
6.0
1.5
1.9
1.0
8.5
6.6
0.7
0.7
0.5

12.7
1.8
6.2
1.6
2.0
1.1
8.3
6.5
0.7
0.7
0.5

223
273
222
184
204
236
160
159
200
126
157

234
272
230
234
210
238
184
188
215
129
157

237
263
234
239
220
243
177
183
181
128
157

Seeds ...............................................................
Field crops ....................................................
Grasses and legumes ...................................
Fertilizer ............................................................
Mixed fertilizer ...............................................
Nitrogen ........................................................
Potash and phosphate ..................................
Chemicals .........................................................
Herbicides .....................................................
Insecticides ...................................................
Fungicides and other ....................................

4.1
3.7
0.4
5.5
2.4
2.3
0.8
3.3
2.1
0.7
0.5

4.3
3.9
0.4
5.7
2.5
2.4
0.8
3.2
2.0
0.7
0.5

336
356
145
326
313
323
379
144
130
167
174

353
374
151
333
321
327
386
152
136
176
182

353
374
151
333
321
328
383
151
136
176
182

Fuels ................................................................
Diesel ...........................................................
Gasoline .......................................................
LP gas ..........................................................
Supplies and repairs .........................................
Supplies ........................................................
Repairs .........................................................
Autos and trucks ...............................................
Autos ............................................................
Trucks ...........................................................

4.0
2.5
0.8
0.7
4.6
1.5
3.0
1.4
0.2
1.2

4.0
2.5
0.8
0.7
4.6
1.5
3.0
1.2
0.2
1.1

380
419
328
299
165
159
168
116
113
116

382
423
333
292
170
165
172
118
115
118

381
423
339
278
171
166
173
118
115
118

Machinery .........................................................
Tractors ........................................................
Self-propelled ................................................
Other machinery ...........................................
Building materials .............................................
Services ............................................................
Custom rates ................................................
Other services ...............................................
Rent ..................................................................
Cash .............................................................
Share ............................................................

4.3
0.9
1.7
1.6
4.4
12.1
1.2
10.9
6.3
3.4
2.9

4.3
0.9
1.7
1.6
4.2
12.0
1.2
10.7
6.6
3.5
3.0

240
203
252
250
171
164
148
165
205
262
139

252
210
270
259
175
167
148
169
212
270
145

252
210
270
259
176
167
148
169
212
270
145

Interest .................................................................
Taxes ...................................................................
Wage rates ...........................................................
Family living-CPI ...................................................

3.5
3.1
7.4
15.4

3.4
3.1
7.2
15.3

135
222
189
167

145
232
193
170

145
232
193
171

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

51

Paid Indexes by Month,
All Items and Production Items –
United States: 1990-1992=100
Percent

240
220
200
180
160
140
120

All Items

Production Items

100

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Paid Indexes, Annual Averages,
Production Items, Interest, Taxes, and Wages –
United States: 1990-1992=100
Percent

280
230
180
130
80
Production Items

Interest

Taxes

Wages

30
2003

52

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Paid Indexes by Farm Type and Month,
All Items – United States: 1990-1992=100
Percent

240
220
200
180
160
140
120
All Farms

Crop Farms

Livestock Farms

100
2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

All

Nonfarm

2010

2011

2012

Paid Indexes by Origin and Month,
All Production Items –
United States: 1990-1992=100
Percent

250
230
210
190

170
150
130
110

Farm

90
2003

2004

2005

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

2006

2007

2008

2009

2012

53

Paid Indexes by Non-Farm Sector and Month,
Supplies & Repairs, Fertilizer, Machinery, and
Fuel – United States: 1990-1992=100
Percent

500
400

300
200
100
Supplies & Repairs
Machinery

Fertilizer
Fuel

0
2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Paid Indexes by Month,
Feed and Livestock & Poultry –
United States: 1990-1992=100
Percent

250

200

150

100
Feed

Livestock & Poultry

50

2003

54

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Feed Price Ratios – United States: April 2012 with Comparisons
Feed price ratio 1

April 2011

Preliminary
April 2012

March 2012

Broiler-feed: pounds of broiler grower feed equal
in value to 1 pound of broiler, live weight 2 ..........................................................

3.1

3.6

3.2

Market egg feed: pounds of laying feed equal in
value to 1 dozen eggs 3 .......................................................................................

6.4

5.7

4.6

Hog-corn: bushels of corn equal in value to
100 pounds of hog, live weight ............................................................................

10.7

10.3

10.2

Milk-feed: pounds of 16% mixed dairy feed equal
in value to 1 pound of whole milk 4 ......................................................................

1.81

1.48

1.45

Steer and heifer-corn: bushels of corn equal in value
to 100 pounds of steer & heifers, live weight .......................................................

19.2

20.8

21.0

Turkey-feed: pounds of turkey grower equal in
value to 1 pound of turkey, live weight 5 ..............................................................

4.5

4.8

5.1

1

Effective January 1995, prices of commercial prepared feeds are based on current United States prices received for corn, soybeans, alfalfa hay, and
all wheat.
The price of commercial prepared broiler feed is based on current United States prices received for corn and soybeans. The modeled feed uses
58 percent corn and 42 percent soybeans.
3
The price of commercial prepared layer feed is based on current United States prices received for corn and soybeans. The modeled feed uses
75 percent corn and 25 percent soybeans.
4
The price of commercial prepared dairy feed is based on current United States prices received for corn, soybeans, and alfalfa hay. The modeled feed
uses 51 percent corn, 41 percent alfalfa hay, and 8 percent soybeans.
5
The price of commercial prepared turkey feed is based on current United States prices received for corn, soybeans, and wheat. The modeled feed
uses 51 percent corn, 28 percent soybeans, and 21 percent wheat.
2

Prices Received Used to Calculate Feed Price Ratios – United States: April 2012 with Comparisons
[Price data source for livestock and poultry commodities is United States Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Marketing Service]
Item

April 2011

March 2012

Preliminary
April 2012

(dollars)

(dollars)

(dollars)

Broilers, live ........................................................... pound
Eggs, market ......................................................... dozen

0.490
0.887

0.570
0.791

0.510
0.642

Hogs, all .................................................................... cwt
Milk, all ...................................................................... cwt

67.80
19.60

65.20
17.20

62.60
16.90

Steers and heifers ..................................................... cwt
Turkeys, live .......................................................... pound

122.00
0.657

132.00
0.690

129.00
0.734

Corn ..................................................................... bushel
Hay, alfalfa ................................................................. ton

6.36
161.00

6.35
201.00

6.14
207.00

Soybeans ............................................................. bushel
Wheat, all ............................................................. bushel

13.10
8.01

13.00
7.19

13.80
6.87

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

55

Prices Paid for Feeder Livestock – United States: April 2012 with Comparisons
[Price data source is United States Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Marketing Service]
Item

April 2011

March 2012

Preliminary
April 2012

(dollars)

(dollars)

(dollars)

Feeder cattle and calves ............................................ cwt
Feeder pigs ................................................................ cwt

134.70
184.00

159.40
198.00

155.30
166.00

Prices Paid and Value of Hatchery Production for Poultry – United States: 2009-2011
2009

2010

2011

(dollars)

(dollars)

(dollars)

Poultry prices paid
Broilers-type chicks .............................................................. per 100
Egg-type chicks .................................................................... per 100
Turkey poults ........................................................................... each

26.60
81.20
1.32
(1,000 dollars)

Value of hatchery production
All chicks ..........................................................................................
All poults ..........................................................................................

27.00
82.90
1.43
(1,000 dollars)

2,605,675
362,399

2,707,588
393,866

28.10
85.60
1.47
(1,000 dollars)
2,816,240
409,292

Prices Paid for Fuels – Region and United States: March 2012 with Comparisons
[See the Farm Production Regions map on page 79. Includes Federal, State and local per gallon taxes. Excludes Federal and State excise tax]
Farm
production
region

Diesel

L.P. Gas

Service
station

Gasoline
Bulk
delivery

Bulk
delivery

Bulk
delivery

(dollars per gallon)

(dollars per gallon)

(dollars per gallon)

(dollars per gallon)

Appalachian ............................
Corn Belt .................................
Delta .......................................
Lake States .............................
Mountain .................................
Northeast ................................
Northern Plains .......................
Pacific .....................................
Southeast ...............................
Southern Plains .......................

3.807
3.770
3.764
3.789
3.727
3.891
3.775
4.288
3.810
3.836

3.855
3.832
3.755
3.804
3.762
4.005
3.790
4.264
3.812
3.841

3.721
3.677
3.696
3.657
3.859
3.888
3.637
3.843
3.699
3.714

2.532
2.009
2.435
2.055
2.354
3.112
1.893
2.831
2.243
2.540

United States
2012 March .........................
2011 March .........................
2010 March .........................

3.832
3.543
2.787

3.854
3.575
2.818

3.712
3.533
2.540

2.237
2.176
2.014

56

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Prices Paid for Feed – United States: 2010-2012
Item

Alfalfa meal ........................................................................................................ dollars/cwt
Alfalfa pellets ..................................................................................................... dollars/cwt
Bran ................................................................................................................... dollars/cwt
Beef cattle concentrate, 32-36% protein ............................................................ dollars/ton
Corn meal .......................................................................................................... dollars/cwt
Cottonseed meal, 41% ...................................................................................... dollars/cwt
Dairy feed
14% protein 1 ................................................................................................. dollars/ton
16% protein 1 ................................................................................................. dollars/ton
18% protein 1 ................................................................................................. dollars/ton
20% protein 1 ................................................................................................. dollars/ton
32-38% protein concentrate ........................................................................... dollars/ton
Hog feed
14-18% protein 1 2 .......................................................................................... dollars/ton
38-42% protein concentrate ........................................................................... dollars/ton
Molasses, liquid ................................................................................................. dollars/cwt
Poultry feed 1
Broiler grower ................................................................................................ dollars/ton
Chick starter .................................................................................................. dollars/ton
Laying feed .................................................................................................... dollars/ton
Turkey grower ................................................................................................ dollars/ton
Soybean meal
44% ............................................................................................................... dollars/cwt
over 44% ....................................................................................................... dollars/cwt
Stock salt ................................................................................................ dollars/50 pounds
Trace mineral blocks ............................................................................... dollars/50 pounds
1
2

March
2010

March
2011

March
2012

(dollars)

(dollars)

(dollars)

23.80
23.20
22.70
413.00
12.80
25.40

24.00
24.10
24.70
498.00
17.10
26.60

25.30
25.60
26.00
521.00
18.50
27.40

264.00
274.00
284.00
274.00
419.00

333.00
369.00
365.00
356.00
522.00

349.00
383.00
379.00
361.00
538.00

303.00
446.00
21.30

385.00
563.00
22.30

404.00
575.00
23.40

456.00
485.00
374.00
434.00

502.00
541.00
450.00
495.00

560.00
554.00
475.00
510.00

23.80
21.20
5.92
8.02

26.80
24.80
6.18
8.16

27.60
25.50
6.33
8.52

Complete ration feed, fed without mixing or supplementation.
Excluding pig starter.

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

57

Prices Paid for Feed – Farm Production Regions and United States: March 2012
[See the Farm Production Regions map on page 79]
Item

Alfalfa meal ............................................................... dollars/cwt
Alfalfa pellets ............................................................ dollars/cwt
Bran .......................................................................... dollars/cwt
Beef cattle concentrate, 32-36% protein .................... dollars/ton
Corn meal ................................................................. dollars/cwt
Cottonseed meal, 41% .............................................. dollars/cwt
Dairy feed
14% protein 1 ........................................................ dollars/ton
16% protein 1 ........................................................ dollars/ton
18% protein 1 ........................................................ dollars/ton
20% protein 1 ........................................................ dollars/ton
32-38% protein concentrate .................................. dollars/ton
Hog feed
14-18% protein 1 2 ................................................. dollars/ton
38-42% protein concentrate .................................. dollars/ton
Molasses, liquid ........................................................ dollars/cwt
Poultry feed 1
Broiler grower ........................................................ dollars/ton
Chick starter .......................................................... dollars/ton
Laying feed ........................................................... dollars/ton
Turkey grower ....................................................... dollars/ton
Soybean meal
44% ...................................................................... dollars/cwt
over 44% ............................................................... dollars/cwt
Stock salt ....................................................... dollars/50 pounds
Trace mineral blocks ...................................... dollars/50 pounds
See footnote(s) at end of table.

58

Appalachian

Corn
Belt

Delta

Lake
States

Mountain

Northeast

(dollars)

(dollars)

(dollars)

(dollars)

(dollars)

(dollars)

29.50
28.10
25.30
553.00
20.20
24.60

23.60
25.50
25.00
532.00
16.80
25.30

25.00
24.00
24.30
378.00
19.40
22.60

24.70
24.20
22.70
579.00
16.10
25.30

25.90
24.50
29.60
579.00
25.00
29.30

31.70
30.50
24.90
543.00
19.60
29.00

326.00
336.00
324.00
335.00
546.00

337.00
391.00
409.00
445.00
531.00

318.00
339.00
401.00
380.00
379.00

344.00
413.00
459.00
493.00
562.00

489.00
528.00
562.00
523.00
576.00

415.00
359.00
376.00
359.00
496.00

471.00
618.00
22.10

384.00
558.00
24.30

466.00
518.00
25.20

380.00
563.00
22.60

587.00
686.00
29.60

461.00
606.00
20.30

581.00
582.00
509.00
568.00

486.00
466.00
403.00
502.00

540.00
557.00
458.00
606.00

476.00
517.00
436.00
487.00

651.00
642.00
573.00
673.00

585.00
556.00
422.00
544.00

30.20
28.80
7.01
9.14

25.40
24.00
6.22
8.26

29.00
28.40
5.66
7.39

21.30
21.70
5.96
8.35

36.70
34.20
6.79
8.56

28.30
27.70
7.39
9.28
--continued

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Prices Paid for Feed – Farm Production Regions and United States: March 2012 (continued)
[See the Farm Production Regions map on page 79]
Item

Alfalfa meal .......................................................................... dollars/cwt
Alfalfa pellets ....................................................................... dollars/cwt
Bran ..................................................................................... dollars/cwt
Beef cattle concentrate, 32-36% protein ...............................dollars/ton
Corn meal ............................................................................ dollars/cwt
Cottonseed meal, 41% ........................................................ dollars/cwt
Dairy feed
14% protein 1 ....................................................................dollars/ton
16% protein 1 ....................................................................dollars/ton
18% protein 1 ....................................................................dollars/ton
20% protein 1 ....................................................................dollars/ton
32-38% protein concentrate ..............................................dollars/ton
Hog feed
14-18% protein 1 2 .............................................................dollars/ton
38-42% protein concentrate ..............................................dollars/ton
Molasses, liquid ................................................................... dollars/cwt
Poultry feed 1
Broiler grower ...................................................................dollars/ton
Chick starter .....................................................................dollars/ton
Laying feed .......................................................................dollars/ton
Turkey grower ...................................................................dollars/ton
Soybean meal
44% ................................................................................. dollars/cwt
over 44% ......................................................................... dollars/cwt
Stock salt .................................................................. dollars/50 pounds
Trace mineral blocks ................................................. dollars/50 pounds

Northern
Plains

Pacific

Southeast

Southern
Plains

United
States

(dollars)

(dollars)

(dollars)

(dollars)

(dollars)

20.90
23.80
27.00
519.00
14.30
22.80

30.90
25.40
28.80
641.00
23.90
35.80

26.10
27.30
27.00
448.00
21.80
26.10

23.60
24.00
28.90
469.00
19.20
24.50

25.30
25.60
26.00
521.00
18.50
27.40

343.00
451.00
625.00
606.00
584.00

349.00
370.00
506.00
427.00
520.00

371.00
419.00
350.00
364.00
(D)

323.00
367.00
(D)
345.00
451.00

349.00
383.00
379.00
361.00
538.00

452.00
605.00
17.70

536.00
761.00
34.20

483.00
671.00
20.40

485.00
669.00
20.90

404.00
575.00
23.40

483.00
541.00
483.00
563.00

654.00
675.00
603.00
641.00

530.00
542.00
409.00
576.00

577.00
565.00
514.00
562.00

560.00
554.00
475.00
510.00

26.70
23.20
5.17
7.75

38.40
31.40
7.43
9.84

31.40
30.50
7.02
8.55

30.70
23.10
5.72
7.81

27.60
25.50
6.33
8.52

(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
1
Complete ration feed, fed without mixing or supplementation.
2
Excluding pig starter.

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

59

Prices Paid for Seeds – United States: 2010-2012
[Biotech varieties are made to be resistant to herbicides, insects, or both. A technology fee is included within the price]
Item

Grasses
Bluegrass, Kentucky
Proprietary, including Merion ........................................................................ pound
Public and common ...................................................................................... pound
Fescue, tall ........................................................................................................... cwt
Orchardgrass ........................................................................................................ cwt
Rye grass, annual ................................................................................................. cwt
Sudangrass ........................................................................................................... cwt
Timothy ................................................................................................................. cwt

March
2010

March
2011

March
2012

(dollars)

(dollars)

(dollars)

2.84
2.24
99.00
185.00
70.30
73.60
135.00

2.59
1.89
102.00
170.00
73.40
75.70
146.00

2.65
1.97
106
175.00
77.60
78.60
152.00

379
273

411
284

425
299

3.49
213.00

3.21
200.00

3.31
208.00

105.00
141

123.00
128

126.00
135

Row crops
Corn, hybrid, all ................................................................................... 80,000 kernels
Biotech ............................................................................................ 80,000 kernels
Non-biotech ..................................................................................... 80,000 kernels
Cottonseed, all ...................................................................................................... cwt
Biotech .............................................................................................................. cwt
Non-biotech ....................................................................................................... cwt
Flax .................................................................................................................. bushel
Grain sorghum ...................................................................................................... cwt
Peanuts ................................................................................................................. cwt
Potatoes ................................................................................................................ cwt
Soybeans, all ................................................................................................... bushel
Biotech ......................................................................................................... bushel
Non-biotech .................................................................................................. bushel
Sunflower .............................................................................................................. cwt

229.00
247.00
152.00
570.00
648.00
130.00
13.80
165.00
75.40
12.90
51.90
53.50
33.90
729

237.00
249.00
163.00
684.00
702.00
242.00
19.10
162.00
91.00
14.40
49.70
51.00
33.50
897

252.00
263.00
167.00
702.00
754.00
249.00
19.50
166.00
95.40
15.90
52.10
53.20
35.30
931

Small grains
Barley, spring ................................................................................................... bushel
Oats, spring ..................................................................................................... bushel
Rice ...................................................................................................................... cwt
Wheat, spring ................................................................................................... bushel
Wheat, winter ................................................................................................... bushel

8.52
7.78
48.90
10.00
13.70

10.30
8.34
49.80
14.20
15.40

10.50
8.71
50.60
14.80
15.90

Legumes
Alfalfa
Proprietary .......................................................................................................... cwt
Public and common ............................................................................................. cwt
Clover
Ladino .......................................................................................................... pound
Red ................................................................................................................... cwt
Lespedeza
Korean .............................................................................................................. cwt
Striate, Kobe ..................................................................................................... cwt

60

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Price Paid for Fertilizer – United States: 2010-2012
Item

00-18-36
03-10-30
05-10-30
05-20-20
06-06-18
06-24-24
09-23-30
10-10-10
10-20-20
10-34-00

March 2010

March 2011

March 2012

(dollars per ton)

(dollars per ton)

(dollars per ton)

...................................................
...................................................
...................................................
...................................................
...................................................
...................................................
...................................................
...................................................
...................................................
...................................................

460.00
398.00
462.00
455.00
433.00
565.00
499.00
408.00
516.00
422.00

581.00
503.00
534.00
553.00
522.00
675.00
641.00
477.00
613.00
675.00

606.00
515.00
562.00
592.00
548.00
691.00
658.00
499.00
643.00
701.00

11-52-00 ...................................................
13-13-13 ...................................................
16-04-08 ...................................................
16-06-12 ...................................................
16-20-00 ...................................................
17-17-17 ...................................................
18-46-00 (DAP) ........................................
19-19-19 ...................................................
24-08-00 ...................................................

535.00
461.00
523.00
402.00
439.00
503.00
508.00
520.00
302.00

740.00
549.00
545.00
477.00
596.00
605.00
703.00
648.00
419.00

762.00
566.00
567.00
494.00
610.00
644.00
726.00
674.00
429.00

Ammonium nitrate .....................................
Anhydrous ammonia .................................
Aqua ammonia .........................................
Limestone, spread ....................................
Muriate of potash
60-62% K2O ..........................................
Nitrogen solutions
28% N ...................................................
30% N ...................................................
32% N ...................................................

398.00
499.00
196.00
27.50

479.00
749.00
249.00
46.40

506.00
783.00
256.00
49.00

511.00

601.00

647.00

261.00
283.00
303.00

369.00
351.00
403.00

388.00
373.00
426.00

Sulfate of ammonia ...................................
Superphosphate
44-46% P2O5 ........................................
Urea 44-46% ............................................

326.00

423.00

451.00

507.00
448.00

633.00
526.00

665.00
554.00

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

61

Prices Paid for Fertilizer – Fertilizer Regions and United States: March 2012
[See the Fertilizer Regions map on page 80]
Item

00-18-36
03-10-30
05-10-30
05-20-20
06-06-18
06-24-24
09-23-30
10-10-10
10-20-20
10-34-00

East South
Central

Mountain

North
Central

Northeast

Northern
Plains

(dollars per ton)

(dollars per ton)

(dollars per ton)

(dollars per ton)

(dollars per ton)

................................................
................................................
................................................
................................................
................................................
................................................
................................................
................................................
................................................
................................................

618.00
(X)
(X)
605.00
(X)
658.00
657.00
449.00
(X)
550.00

(X)
(X)
(X)
(X)
(X)
(X)
(X)
(X)
(X)
735.00

(X)
515.00
(X)
(X)
(X)
696.00
658.00
(X)
(X)
653.00

(X)
(X)
(X)
(X)
(X)
660.00
(X)
497.00
641.00
618.00

(X)
(X)
(X)
(X)
(X)
(X)
(X)
(X)
(X)
766.00

11-52-00 ................................................
13-13-13 ................................................
16-04-08 ................................................
16-06-12 ................................................
16-20-00 ................................................
17-17-17 ................................................
18-46-00 (DAP) ......................................
19-19-19 ................................................
24-08-00 ................................................

(X)
559.00
(X)
(X)
(X)
608.00
705.00
701.00
(X)

727.00
(X)
(X)
(X)
559.00
(X)
753.00
(X)
(X)

734.00
621.00
(X)
(X)
(X)
(X)
721.00
660.00
(X)

750.00
(X)
(X)
(X)
(X)
(X)
741.00
676.00
(X)

738.00
(X)
(X)
(X)
(D)
(X)
726.00
(X)
(X)

Ammonium nitrate ..................................
Anhydrous ammonia ..............................
Aqua ammonia .......................................
Limestone, spread .................................
Muriate of potash
60-62% K2O .......................................
Nitrogen solutions
28% N ................................................
30% N ................................................
32% N ................................................

516.00
811.00
(X)
67.50

529.00
780.00
(X)
(X)

485.00
812.00
(X)
23.70

586.00
(X)
(X)
92.70

487.00
774.00
(X)
(X)

639.00

669.00

641.00

(X)

635.00

393.00
(X)
406.00

(X)
(X)
(X)

381.00
(X)
424.00

(X)
398.00
(X)

381.00
(X)
431.00

Sulfate of ammonia ................................
Superphosphate
44-46% P2O5 ......................................
Urea 44-46% ..........................................

(X)

464.00

413.00

(X)

(X)

695.00
537.00

(D)
594.00

582.00
547.00

858.00
623.00

532.00
528.00

See footnote(s) at end of table.

62

--continued

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Prices Paid for Fertilizer – Fertilizer Regions and United States: March 2012 (continued)
[See the Fertilizer Regions map on page 80]
Northwest

South
Central

Southeast

Southwest

United
States

(dollars per ton)

(dollars per ton)

(dollars per ton)

(dollars per ton)

(dollars per ton)

Item

00-18-36
03-10-30
05-10-30
05-20-20
06-06-18
06-24-24
09-23-30
10-10-10
10-20-20
10-34-00

................................................
................................................
................................................
................................................
................................................
................................................
................................................
................................................
................................................
................................................

(X)
(X)
(X)
(X)
(X)
(X)
(X)
(X)
(X)
696.00

592.00
(X)
(X)
(X)
(X)
(X)
(X)
(X)
(X)
664.00

(X)
(X)
562.00
562.00
548.00
(X)
(X)
512.00
645.00
(X)

(X)
(X)
(X)
(X)
(X)
(X)
(X)
(X)
(X)
692.00

606.00
515.00
562.00
592.00
548.00
691.00
658.00
499.00
643.00
701.00

11-52-00 ................................................
13-13-13 ................................................
16-04-08 ................................................
16-06-12 ................................................
16-20-00 ................................................
17-17-17 ................................................
18-46-00 (DAP) .....................................
19-19-19 ................................................
24-08-00 ................................................

830.00
(X)
(X)
(X)
601.00
(X)
895.00
(X)
(X)

736.00
565.00
(X)
494.00
515.00
609.00
717.00
648.00
429.00

(X)
(X)
567.00
(X)
(X)
657.00
757.00
(X)
(X)

855.00
(X)
(X)
(X)
685.00
(X)
814.00
(X)
(X)

762.00
566.00
567.00
494.00
610.00
644.00
726.00
674.00
429.00

Ammonium nitrate ..................................
Anhydrous ammonia ..............................
Aqua ammonia ......................................
Limestone, spread .................................
Muriate of potash
60-62% K2O .......................................
Nitrogen solutions
28% N ................................................
30% N ................................................
32% N ................................................

508.00
974.00
259.00
(X)

484.00
631.00
(X)
80.30

556.00
(X)
(X)
97.40

(X)
846.00
255.00
(X)

506.00
783.00
256.00
49.00

752.00

650.00

714.00

(X)

647.00

(X)
(X)
456.00

399.00
(X)
423.00

(X)
368.00
390.00

(D)
(X)
499.00

388.00
373.00
426.00

Sulfate of ammonia ................................
Superphosphate
44-46% P2O5 .....................................
Urea 44-46% .........................................

454.00

407.00

(X)

525.00

451.00

758.00
640.00

660.00
527.00

796.00
(X)

1,180.00
726.00

665.00
554.00

(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
(X) Not applicable.

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

63

Prices Paid for Machinery – United States: 2010-2012
Item

Baler, pick-up, PTO
Square, conventional size bales under 200 pounds ......................................................................
Round, 1200-1500 pound bale .....................................................................................................
Round, 1900-2200 pound bale .....................................................................................................
Chisel plow, max. 1 foot depth of tillage,
Chisel or sweep type, drawn or mounted
16-20 foot .................................................................................................................................
21-25 foot .................................................................................................................................
Combine, self-propelled with grain head
Extra large capacity ......................................................................................................................
Large capacity ..............................................................................................................................
Corn head for combine
6-row ............................................................................................................................................
8-row ............................................................................................................................................
Cotton picker, self-propelled, with spindle,
6-row ............................................................................................................................................
Cultivator, row crop, front or rear mounted
8-row ............................................................................................................................................
12-row, flexible .............................................................................................................................
Disk harrow, tandem, drawn with hydraulic lift
transport wheels, tires.
15-17 foot .................................................................................................................................
18-20 foot .................................................................................................................................
21-25 foot .................................................................................................................................
Elevator, portable, without power unit,
Auger type, 8 inch diameter, 60 foot .............................................................................................
Feed grinder-mixer, trailer mounted, PTO ........................................................................................
Field cultivator, mounted or drawn
17-19 foot .....................................................................................................................................
20-25 foot, flexible ........................................................................................................................
Forage harvester, shear bar, class II or III
With pick-up attachment ...............................................................................................................
With row crop unit, 2-row ..............................................................................................................
Self-propelled, with row crop unit, 4-6 row ........................................................................................
Front-end loader, hydraulic, tractor mounted
1800-2500 pound capacity, 60 inch bucket ..................................................................................
Grain drill, most common spacing
Plain, 15-17 openers ....................................................................................................................
Press, 23-25 openers ...................................................................................................................
With fertilizer attachment, 20-24 openers .....................................................................................
Minimum no-till with fertilizer attachment, 15 foot .........................................................................

64

March
2010

March
2011

March
2012

(dollars)

(dollars)

(dollars)

21,900
25,100
36,600

23,100
25,900
37,700

23,400
27,300
39,400

26,100
33,900

26,500
36,100

26,300
35,800

315,000
257,000

335,000
275,000

365,000
295,000

40,000
52,500

41,200
53,800

42,600
58,100

487,000

530,000

584,000

17,400
23,300

17,900
26,500

17,300
28,500

22,500
28,800
35,100

22,300
29,700
36,800

21,800
29,700
37,400

6,820
28,300

7,470
30,800

9,030
35,000

20,800
28,300

21,000
28,400

20,300
29,400

43,800
47,200
359,000

46,600
51,400
374,000

48,000
54,100
383,000

6,550

6,640

6,810

24,200
36,600
29,600
41,500

22,200
38,700
31,000
43,300

22,200
40,500
31,200
43,900

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Prices Paid for Machinery – United States: 2010-2012 (continued)
Item

Hay rake, side-delivery, or wheel rake,
Traction drive, 8-12 foot working width .........................................................................................
Hay tedder, 15-18 foot .....................................................................................................................
Manure spreader, conveyor type, PTO,
2-wheel, with tires
141-190 bushel capacity ..........................................................................................................
225-310 bushel capacity ..........................................................................................................
Mower-conditioner, PTO, pull type,
8-10 foot, sickle (cutter) bar or disc ..............................................................................................
14-16 foot, sickle (cutter) bar or disc ............................................................................................
Mower, mounted or drawn
7-8 foot sickle (cutter) bar ............................................................................................................
13-14 foot sickle (cutter) bar ........................................................................................................
Planter, row crop, with fertilizer attachment
4-row ...........................................................................................................................................
8-row ...........................................................................................................................................
24-row .........................................................................................................................................
12-row conservation (no-till conditions) ........................................................................................
Rotary hoe, 20-25 foot .....................................................................................................................
Rotary cutter, 7-8 foot ......................................................................................................................
Sprayer, field crop, power, boom type
(excludes self-propelled and orchard)
Tractor mounted, w/ 300 gallon spray tank ...................................................................................
Trailer type, w/ 500-700 gallon spray tank ....................................................................................
Tractor, 2-wheel drive or mechanical front wheel drive
30-39 PTO horsepower ...............................................................................................................
50-59 PTO horsepower ...............................................................................................................
70-89 PTO horsepower ...............................................................................................................
110-129 PTO horsepower ...........................................................................................................
140-159 PTO horsepower ...........................................................................................................
190-220 PTO horsepower ...........................................................................................................
Tractor, 4-wheel drive, articulated with usual accessories
200-280 PTO horsepower ...........................................................................................................
281-350 engine horsepower .......................................................................................................
351-500 engine horsepower .......................................................................................................
Wagon, gravity unload, box and running
gear, and tires, without side extensions
200-400 bushel capacity ..............................................................................................................
Wagon, running gear, without box, with tires
8-10 ton capacity .........................................................................................................................
Windrower, self-propelled, 14-16 foot ..............................................................................................

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

March
2010

March
2011

March
2012

(dollars)

(dollars)

(dollars)

7,440
6,890

7,320
6,990

7,430
7,090

9,740
13,500

9,830
14,200

11,000
15,500

20,200
30,600

20,800
32,700

21,300
33,900

7,070
16,600

7,720
17,900

7,930
19,900

23,400
42,900
153,000
75,300

24,400
43,100
158,000
79,800

25,700
44,900
168,000
84,500

12,700
4,580

13,200
4,340

13,900
4,370

7,370
19,600

7,460
18,900

7,530
18,900

18,800
25,000
39,900
78,000
114,000
163,000

19,000
25,700
41,000
80,400
123,000
172,000

19,800
26,300
42,700
82,000
128,000
185,000

198,000
222,000
256,000

216,000
234,000
277,000

223,000
246,000
296,000

7,210

7,950

8,560

2,410
101,000

2,560
102,000

2,650
115,000

65

Prices Paid for Chemicals – United States: 2010-2012
[Active Ingredient (Common Names) and Formulation abbreviations: EC - Emulsifiable Concentrate, DF - Dry Flowable, DG - Dry Granular,
G - Granular, L - Liquid, S - Solution, SP - Soluble Powder, WP - Wettable Powder, and WSP - Water Soluble Packet]
Item

Fungicides
Captan, 50% WP ........................................................................................................ pound
Captan, 80% WP ........................................................................................................ pound
Chlorothalonil (Bravo 720), 6 pounds/gallon EC .......................................................... gallon
Copper Hydroxide (Kocide 2000), 54% WP ................................................................. pound
Copper Hydroxide (Kocide 101), 77% WP ................................................................... pound
Fenarimol (Rubigan), 1 pound/gallon EC ..................................................................... gallon
Ferbam (Carbamate), 76% WDG ................................................................................ pound
Fosethyl-AL (Aliette), 80% WDG ................................................................................. pound
Mancozeb (Dithane), 75% DF ..................................................................................... pound
Maneb (Manex), 4 pounds/gallon WP ......................................................................... pound
Maneb, 80% WP 1 ....................................................................................................... pound
Myclobutanil (Nova, Rally),
40% WP .................................................................................................................... pound
Oxytetraycline (Mycoshield), 17% WP ......................................................................... pound
Sulfur, 80% - Microthiol Disperss, Kumulus DF ........................................................... pound
Triadimefon (Bayleton), 50% WP ................................................................................ pound
Ziram, 76% DF ............................................................................................................ pound

March
2010

March
2011

March
2012

(dollars)

(dollars)

(dollars)

7.18
7.64
50.00
5.43
4.31
371.00
4.24

7.55
8.09
40.80
6.20
4.79
370.00
4.54

7.80
8.43
43.80
6.63
5.27
386.00
4.81

15.70
4.77
27.60
4.76

15.70
4.81
38.70
(NA)

15.30
5.11
40.10
(NA)

67.90
24.60
0.78
81.80
4.07

67.20
22.60
0.86
111.00
4.38

68.90
24.10
0.93
106.00
4.47

Herbicides
2,4-D, 3.8 pounds/gallon EC ....................................................................................... gallon
Acetochlor (Surpass),
6.4 pounds/gallon EC .............................................................................................. gallon
Alachlor (Lasso), 4 pounds/gallon EC ......................................................................... gallon
Atrazine (AAtrex), 4 pounds/gallon L ........................................................................... gallon
Sodium Bentazon (Basagran), 4 pounds/gallon L ........................................................ gallon
Butylate (Sutan), 6.7 pounds/gallon EC ....................................................................... gallon
Chlorimuron-ethyl (Classic), 25% DF .......................................................................... ounce
Chlorsulfuron (Glean), 75% DF ................................................................................... ounce

18.00

18.00

19.20

70.30
26.70
18.90
101.00
32.80
14.40
22.00

69.60
28.90
17.30
109.00
33.00
15.50
20.20

72.70
29.70
17.80
112.00
34.40
16.10
21.60

DCPA (Dacthal), 75% WP ........................................................................................... pound
Dicamba (Banvel), 4 pounds/gallon EC 1 ..................................................................... gallon
Diuron (Karmex), 80% DG .......................................................................................... pound
EPTC (Eradicane, Eptam), 6.7-7 pounds/gallon EC .................................................... gallon
Glyphosate (Roundup), 4 pounds/gallon EC ................................................................ gallon
Glyphosate (Roundup), 5.5 pounds/gallon EC ............................................................. gallon
Linuron (Lorox), 50% DF ............................................................................................. pound
MCPA, 3.7-4 pounds/gallon EC ................................................................................... gallon
Metribuzin (Sencor), 75% DF ...................................................................................... pound

19.20
72.40
5.96
45.00
22.80
40.40
20.50
21.80
17.10

20.40
(NA)
6.20
45.00
16.80
25.00
21.50
20.70
16.90

21.90
(NA)
6.39
48.10
17.70
26.00
22.70
21.60
17.60

See footnote(s) at end of table.

66

--continued

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Prices Paid for Chemicals – United States: 2010-2012 (continued)
[Active Ingredient (Common Names) and Formulation abbreviations: EC - Emulsifiable Concentrate, DF - Dry Flowable, DG - Dry Granular,
G - Granular, L - Liquid, S - Solution, SP - Soluble Powder, WP - Wettable Powder, and WSP - Water Soluble Packet]
Item

March
2010

March
2011

March
2012

(dollars)

(dollars)

(dollars)

Herbicides (continued)
Napropamide (Devrinol), 50% DF ............................................................................... pound
Pendimethalin (Prowl), 3.3-3.8 pounds/gallon EC ....................................................... gallon
Sethoxydim (Poast), 1.5 pounds/gallon EC ................................................................. gallon
Simazine (Princep), 4 pounds/gallon EC ..................................................................... gallon
Terbacil (Sinbar), 80% WP .......................................................................................... pound
Trifluralin (Treflan HFP), 4 pounds/gallon EC .............................................................. gallon

10.90
36.30
80.90
25.60
40.50
23.80

11.60
38.70
83.30
24.50
40.50
24.60

11.90
41.00
87.00
25.40
42.50
25.70

Insecticides
Acephate (Orthene), 75% WSP .................................................................................. pound
Acephate (Orthene), 90% WSP .................................................................................. pound
Aldicarb (Temik), 15% G ............................................................................................. pound
Azinphos-methyl (Guthion), 50% WP .......................................................................... pound
Bt (Dipel), WP ............................................................................................................. pound
Carbaryl (Sevin), 80% SP, or WSP ............................................................................. pound
Carbaryl (Sevin), 4 pounds/gallon 4F or XLR Plus WP ................................................ pound
Carbofuran (Furadan), 4F G ....................................................................................... gallon
Chlorpyrifos 4 pounds/gallon EC ................................................................................. gallon
Cyfluthrin (Baythroid) 2 pounds/gallon EC .................................................................. gallon
Dicofol, 4 pounds/gallon 4E WP .................................................................................. pound
Dicrotophos (Bidrin), 8 pounds/gallon EC ................................................................... gallon

13.40
10.60
3.87
13.50
12.90
8.14
44.20
92.50
40.30
310.00
35.00
109.00

12.00
9.01
4.09
13.50
13.50
7.78
46.50
89.70
39.40
294.00
46.10
114.00

12.40
9.30
4.36
14.70
14.20
8.10
48.70
94.20
40.90
306.00
49.80
120.00

Dimethoate 2.67 pounds/gallon EC ............................................................................. gallon
Disulfoton (Di-Syston), 8 pounds/gallon EC 2 .............................................................. gallon
Endosulfan (Thiodan), 3 pounds/gallon EC ................................................................. gallon
Esfenvalerate (Asana XL), 0.66 pounds/gallon EC ...................................................... gallon
Malathion, 5 pounds/gallon EC ................................................................................... gallon
Malathion (Fyfanon ULV AG), 9.9 pounds/gallon EC ................................................... gallon
Methidathion (Supracide), 25% WP ............................................................................ pound
Methomyl (Lannate LV), 2.4 pounds/gallon EC ........................................................... gallon
Methyl Parathion (Penncap-M), 2 pounds/gallon EC ................................................... gallon
Oil (Oil, Superior Oil, Supreme, Volck) ........................................................................ gallon
Oxamyl (Vydate-L), 2 pounds/gallon L ........................................................................ gallon
Oxydemeton-methyl (MSR Spray),
2 pounds/gallon EC ................................................................................................. gallon

46.30
134.00
33.40
98.70
41.00
36.90
10.50
74.00
33.60
9.06
84.90

45.50
134.00
32.30
97.40
40.60
40.80
10.50
60.70
35.50
9.39
91.60

47.30
(NA)
33.20
101.00
42.30
43.30
10.80
62.70
38.50
9.61
94.80

126.00

125.00

129.00

Phorate (Thimet), 20% G ............................................................................................ pound
Phosmet (Imidan), 50% WSP ..................................................................................... pound
Phosmet (Imidan), 70% WSP ..................................................................................... pound
Propargite (Comite, Omite), 32% WP .......................................................................... pound
Synthetic Pyrethroids,
(Pounce, Ambush), 2-3.2 pounds/gallon EC ........................................................... gallon
Terbufos (Counter), 15% G ......................................................................................... pound
Zeta-Cypermethrin (Zeta-cype), 0.8 pounds/gallon EC ............................................... gallon
Zeta-Cypermethrin (Fury), 1.5 pounds/gallon EC ........................................................ gallon

3.16
10.20
10.40
9.26

3.33
11.20
10.50
9.26

3.44
12.00
11.00
10.10

88.30
2.64
231.00
218.00

78.10
2.73
192.00
205.00

86.30
2.79
199.00
213.00

136.00

127.00

128.00

69.80

70.30

72.30

Other
Gibberellic Acid (Pro-Gibb), 4.0% L ............................................................................ gallon
NAD Naphthaleneacetamide
(Amid-Thin W), 8.4% WP ........................................................................................ pound
(NA) Not available.
1
Discontinued in 2011.
2
Discontinued in 2012.

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

67

Prices Paid 1990-1992 Base Indexes Monthly and Annual Average – United States: 2008-2012
[Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not begun]
January

February

March

April

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

170
179
180
195
209

172
178
180
197
210

175
179
181
201
213

January

February

March

July

August

September

October November December

Average 1

180
179
182
203
213
April

184
179
182
204
May

188
179
181
203
June

192
177
181
204
July

192
176
182
205

191
175
183
205

August

September

188
176
185
205

183
177
187
206

179
177
189
206

October November December

183
178
183
203
211
Average 1

Items used for production, interest, taxes, and wage rates
(PITW)
173
183
184
201
217

175
182
183
203
218

179
183
184
207
220

January

February

March

171
184
185
204
222

174
183
184
207
223

178
184
185
212
226

January

February

March

168
189
185
204
226

176
187
178
212
229

183
185
175
212
234

January

February

March

123
120
121
151
178

128
119
126
155
186

125
119
131
159
184

January

February

March

211
275
304
311
336

211
275
304
311
336

211
304
311
336
353

January

February

March

275
340
232
305
347

291
325
236
304
333

315
320
238
318
333

January

February

March

133
142
143
144
149

133
148
143
145
152

134
150
143
145
152

184
183
185
210
220
April

190
183
186
210
May

194
183
185
210
June

198
181
185
211
July

198
179
185
211

197
178
186
212

August

September

193
179
189
212

188
180
192
213

184
181
194
213

October November December

188
181
187
209
219
Average 1

Items used for production
185
185
187
215
226
April

192
184
187
216
May

197
184
186
215
June

202
182
186
216
July

203
180
187
217

201
179
188
218

August

September

196
179
191
217

190
181
194
219

184
181
197
218

October November December

190
182
188
215
224
Average 1

Feed
185
185
171
223
237
April

198
192
171
229
May

202
196
170
231
June

216
190
172
231
July

215
184
174
238

209
180
180
240

August

September

196
181
188
230

191
183
195
228

184
183
200
224

October November December

194
186
180
225
232
Average 1

Livestock & poultry
122
122
140
160
177
April

127
119
137
149
May

124
112
134
146
June

124
113
135
152
July

128
111
133
147

125
109
130
146

August

September

118
110
132
155

118
113
134
165

127
114
142
168

October November December

124
115
133
154
181
Average 1

Seeds
275
304
311
336
353
April

275
304
311
336
May

275
304
311
336
June

275
304
311
336
July

275
304
311
336

275
304
311
336

August

September

275
304
311
336

275
304
311
336

275
304
311
336

October November December

259
299
310
332
345
Average 1

Fertilizer
344
322
246
326
333
April

364
301
250
327
May

406
271
249
328
June

441
258
247
333
July

469
240
247
331

479
234
255
332

August

September

479
232
266
342

443
230
276
349

396
231
286
346

October November December

392
275
252
328
337
Average 1

Chemicals

See footnote(s) at end of table.

68

June

Commodities, services, interest, taxes, and wage rates
(PPITW)

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

May

135
152
144
144
151

136
153
144
144

138
148
145
143

140
149
145
144

141
145
146
145

143
146
146
146

144
148
146
148

146
153
144
147

145
154
144
148

139
149
144
145
151
--continued

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Prices Paid 1990-1992 Base Indexes Monthly and Annual Average – United States:
2008-2012 (continued)
[Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not begun]
Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

January

February

March

307
204
279
320
356

311
198
271
335
364

349
191
276
363
382

January

February

March

151
158
158
162
169

151
157
158
163
169

151
157
159
163
170

January

February

March

111
107
113
114
117

111
108
113
115
118

111
109
113
115
118

January

February

March

198
214
226
237
251

199
219
226
238
252

199
220
226
239
252

January

February

March

156
167
163
168
173

157
165
164
169
174

159
164
165
170
175

January

February

March

143
157
160
163
167

143
157
159
163
167

144
156
160
164
167

January

February

March

165
184
190
205
212

165
184
190
205
212

165
184
190
205
212

January

February

March

85
78
76
85
90

85
71
73
87
86

83
70
76
86
86

April

May

June

July

August

September

October November December

Average 1

Fuels
369
200
288
380
381
April

400
207
289
383
May

425
238
275
373
June

429
232
272
371
July

393
243
278
368

372
246
279
368

August

September

317
252
291
360

247
265
299
369

207
267
309
359

October November December

344
229
284
362
371
Average 1

Supplies & repairs
152
157
159
165
171
April

152
156
159
166
May

153
156
160
166
June

154
157
160
167
July

155
157
161
168

156
157
161
169

August

September

157
157
161
169

157
157
161
169

157
157
161
169

October November December

154
157
160
166
170
Average 1

Autos & trucks
110
109
113
116
118
April

109
109
112
116
May

109
110
112
116
June

108
110
112
116
July

107
109
112
116

106
109
112
116

August

September

106
111
112
116

106
112
113
116

106
113
113
116

October November December

108
110
113
116
118
Average 1

Machinery
202
220
227
240
252
April

207
220
228
242
May

208
220
228
242
June

210
226
230
243
July

212
226
230
245

214
226
231
247

August

September

215
225
232
249

221
225
235
250

216
225
235
251

October November December

209
222
230
244
252
Average 1

Building materials
161
163
166
171
176
April

164
163
167
171
May

166
163
166
172
June

169
162
166
173
July

171
162
166
173

172
163
166
173

August

September

171
162
166
172

169
162
166
172

167
163
167
172

October November December

165
163
166
171
175
Average 1

Services
144
156
160
164
167
April

145
156
160
164
May

147
158
162
165
June

148
156
162
165
July

148
156
162
165

148
156
162
165

August

September

148
156
161
165

147
156
161
164

147
156
161
164

October November December

146
156
161
164
167
Average 1

Rent
165
184
190
205
212
April

165
184
190
205
May

165
184
190
205
June

165
184
190
205
July

165
184
190
205

165
184
190
205

August

September

165
184
190
205

165
184
190
205

165
184
190
205

October November December

165
184
190
205
212
Average 1

Ratio

See footnote(s) at end of table.

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

81
72
74
87
83

83
72
76
86

84
74
75
89

83
73
76
89

81
72
77
89

81
72
78
87

80
76
82
90

78
76
82
89

75
77
81
87

82
74
77
88
86
--continued

69

Prices Paid 1990-1992 Base Indexes Monthly and Annual Average – United States:
2008-2012 (continued)
[Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not begun]
Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

January

February

March

149
137
132
135
145

149
137
132
135
145

149
137
132
135
145

January

February

March

209
204
211
222
232

209
204
211
222
232

209
204
211
222
232

January

February

March

187
189
191
195
193

187
189
191
195
193

187
189
191
195
193

January

February

March

157
157
161
163
168

157
157
161
164
169

158
158
161
166
170

May

June

July

August

September

October November December

Average 1

Interest
149
137
132
135
145
April

149
137
132
135
May

149
137
132
135
June

149
137
132
135
July

149
137
132
135

149
137
132
135

August

September

149
137
132
135

149
137
132
135

149
137
132
135

October November December

149
137
132
135
145
Average 1

Taxes
209
204
211
222
232
April

209
204
211
222
May

209
204
211
222
June

209
204
211
222
July

209
204
211
222

209
204
211
222

August

September

209
204
211
222

209
204
211
222

209
204
211
222

October November December

209
204
211
222
232
Average 1

Wage rates
183
188
187
189
193
April

183
188
187
189
May

183
188
187
189
June

179
184
186
189
July

179
184
186
189

179
184
186
189

August

September

185
189
192
193

185
189
192
193

185
189
192
193

October November December

183
188
189
192
193
Average 1

Family living

See footnote(s) at end of table.

70

April

159
158
162
167
171

161
159
162
168

162
160
162
167

163
160
162
168

163
160
162
168

162
160
162
168

161
160
162
168

158
160
162
168

156
160
163
167

160
159
162
167
170
--continued

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Prices Paid 1990-1992 Base Indexes Monthly and Annual Average – United States:
2008-2012 (continued)
[Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not begun]
Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

January

February

March

April

May

June

July

August

September

October November December

Average 1

Production items with farm origin 2
159
179
182
203
229

165
177
180
209
233

167
181
181
214
238

January

February

March

178
182
183
220
237
April

186
185
182
219
May

187
185
180
219
June

194
181
181
221
July

194
178
182
223

191
176
184
224

August

September

Production items with non-farm origin
177
187
186
204
218

179
186
186
206
218

184
185
187
210
219

January

February

March

178
189
191
205
219

179
188
190
207
218

183
190
192
211
221

January

February

March

163
169
170
184
200

166
168
169
188
202

168
168
170
190
204

189
186
189
213
219
April

195
184
190
214
May

202
183
189
213
June

206
182
189
214
July

182
176
188
222

180
178
192
224

179
179
197
224

October November December

180
180
184
219
234
Average 1

3

207
181
190
214

207
180
191
214

August

September

203
181
193
215

195
182
195
216

187
182
197
215

October November December

194
183
190
212
219
Average 1

Crop sector (PPITW)
190
191
193
213
221
April

194
189
193
213
May

199
188
193
213
June

202
187
192
214
July

203
186
193
214

202
185
194
214

August

September

201
186
196
215

195
187
197
216

189
187
199
215

October November December

193
188
194
213
220
Average 1

Livestock Sector (PPITW)
170
168
171
193
204

176
169
171
193

178
170
170
193

182
168
170
194

182
166
171
195

180
165
172
196

175
166
175
195

171
167
177
196

169
167
180
196

173
168
172
193
203

1

Simple average and is year-to-date for current year.
Feed, livestock & poultry purchases, and seed.
3
Fertilizer, agricultural chemicals, fuels, supplies & repairs, autos & trucks, machinery, building materials, and services & rent.
2

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

71

Prices Paid 1990-1992 Base Index Sub-Components Monthly and Annual Average –
United States: 2008-2012
[Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not begun]
Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

January

February

March

174
183
157
215
261

198
163
152
245
269

206
164
153
240
272

January

February

March

161
188
195
208
226

168
193
187
212
226

177
193
183
217
230

January

February

March

169
177
142
150
220

172
171
139
155
227

178
170
142
166
234

January

February

March

174
190
190
213
194

175
183
187
214
201

180
179
183
204
210

January

February

March

182
215
230
230
234

192
222
206
238
232

188
206
200
225
238

January

February

March

117
112
115
149
182

123
110
120
153
190

119
109
125
157
188

January

February

March

114
159
160
199
207

123
156
174
220
223

122
162
189
221
215

January

February

March

174
145
119
115
129

174
145
119
115
129

174
145
119
115
129

May

June

July

August

September

October November December

Average 1

Feed grains
223
164
146
273
263
April

227
169
150
271
May

237
171
146
270
June

226
154
151
268
July

225
145
157
288

215
142
176
271

August

September

189
154
186
249

183
156
197
253

173
155
208
253

October November December

206
160
165
258
266
Average 1

Complete feeds
178
191
178
222
234
April

188
200
178
227
May

195
206
177
231
June

215
206
178
229
July

215
199
179
234

213
196
182
239

August

September

204
191
189
231

196
191
198
229

184
191
202
224

October November December

191
195
186
225
229
Average 1

Hay & forages
180
166
143
184
239
April

212
164
147
209
May

206
153
147
203
June

209
146
148
213
July

207
139
146
220

204
141
148
224

August

September

199
141
147
230

192
141
147
222

180
140
149
225

October November December

192
154
145
200
230
Average 1

Concentrates
178
186
176
204
220
April

199
197
182
207
May

196
215
184
213
June

221
199
190
212
July

216
198
193
211

197
188
187
216

August

September

164
190
197
201

178
193
209
192

192
194
208
184

October November December

189
193
191
206
206
Average 1

Supplements
178
210
204
236
243
April

185
219
182
242
May

193
214
182
240
June

212
204
180
240
July

202
208
181
257

205
200
215
268

August

September

212
210
225
250

205
225
220
257

202
223
229
251

October November December

196
213
205
245
237
Average 1

Feeder Cattle
118
116
134
159
183
April

124
117
131
151
May

123
113
129
150
June

123
116
132
156
July

126
114
132
151

122
111
127
151

August

September

114
109
130
162

110
111
134
171

119
111
141
173

October November December

120
112
129
157
186
Average 1

Feeder pigs
95
160
209
200
181
April

99
109
201
152
May

73
66
181
121
June

57
62
169
124
July

88
49
150
112

90
65
152
108

August

September

90
89
148
114

123
107
140
145

145
127
162
172

October November December

102
109
170
157
207
Average 1

Milk cow replacements

See footnote(s) at end of table.

72

April

172
123
118
126
128

172
123
118
126

172
123
118
126

176
113
117
131

176
113
117
131

176
113
117
131

170
110
118
131

170
110
118
131

170
110
118
131

173
123
118
126
129
--continued

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Prices Paid 1990-1992 Base Index Sub-Components Monthly and Annual Average – United States:
2008-2012 (continued)
[Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not begun]
Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

January

February

March

145
149
151
157
157

145
149
151
157
157

145
149
151
157
157

January

February

March

218
287
319
329
356

218
287
319
329
356

218
319
329
356
374

January

February

March

142
157
161
139
145

142
157
161
139
145

142
161
139
145
151

January

February

March

272
337
230
292
319

288
331
229
305
322

322
298
225
310
321

January

February

March

283
333
220
284
355

294
276
227
286
327

310
295
229
311
327

January

February

March

257
369
275
410
408

287
453
287
357
386

311
463
301
361
386

January

February

March

123
135
133
130
133

123
141
132
130
137

124
144
132
130
136

January

February

March

153
152
159
166
172

153
157
160
167
177

154
158
161
167
176

April

May

June

July

August

September

October November December

Average 1

Poultry
145
149
151
157
157
April

145
149
151
157
May

145
149
151
157
June

145
149
151
157
July

145
149
151
157

145
149
151
157

August

September

145
149
151
157

145
149
151
157

145
149
151
157

October November December

145
149
151
157
157
Average 1

Field crop seeds
287
319
329
356
374
April

287
319
329
356
May

287
319
329
356
June

287
319
329
356
July

287
319
329
356

287
319
329
356

August

September

287
319
329
356

287
319
329
356

287
319
329
356

October November December

270
314
327
352
365
Average 1

Grass & legume seeds
157
161
139
145
151
April

157
161
139
145
May

157
161
139
145
June

157
161
139
145
July

157
161
139
145

157
161
139
145

August

September

157
161
139
145

157
161
139
145

157
161
139
145

October November December

154
160
143
144
148
Average 1

Mixed fertilizer
354
293
233
313
321
April

362
281
238
310
May

403
272
241
310
June

430
260
245
310
July

440
251
250
308

441
247
256
310

August

September

441
241
263
318

416
240
275
321

364
237
284
319

October November December

378
274
247
311
321
Average 1

Nitrogen
322
308
242
323
328
April

349
291
244
330
May

375
263
241
337
June

411
250
231
344
July

434
219
229
343

447
211
237
337

August

September

443
215
255
348

411
215
260
356

396
212
273
355

October November December

373
257
241
330
334
Average 1

Potash & phosphate
377
456
304
379
383
April

410
394
310
368
May

511
289
301
362
June

566
274
298
370
July

662
271
295
368

693
261
306
387

August

September

710
251
308
399

622
247
326
416

497
272
332
407

October November December

492
333
304
382
391
Average 1

Herbicides
125
145
133
130
136
April

126
145
133
129
May

129
140
132
129
June

131
141
133
129
July

132
137
133
130

134
138
133
131

August

September

136
138
132
132

138
142
131
132

138
144
130
133

October November December

130
141
132
130
136
Average 1

Insecticides

See footnote(s) at end of table.

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

156
161
163
167
176

156
163
163
166

157
158
164
166

158
160
165
167

158
157
166
167

158
160
167
169

158
162
166
171

159
168
165
171

157
171
165
172

156
161
164
168
175
--continued

73

Prices Paid 1990-1992 Base Index Sub-Components Monthly and Annual Average – United States:
2008-2012 (continued)
[Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not begun]
Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

January

February

March

141
156
163
172
179

142
163
164
174
183

143
165
165
174
182

January

February

March

332
215
279
347
393

339
204
275
369
406

391
192
290
403
423

January

February

March

250
154
237
269
293

249
165
231
278
310

267
169
242
308
333

January

February

March

286
242
339
282
293

278
226
312
284
279

279
226
263
284
292

January

February

March

143
156
153
158
165

144
155
153
158
164

144
154
153
158
165

January

February

March

155
158
160
164
171

155
158
161
165
171

154
158
161
165
172

January

February

March

109
109
112
111
115

109
109
111
112
116

109
109
111
112
115

January

February

March

112
107
113
114
117

112
108
113
115
118

111
109
113
116
118

May

June

July

August

September

October November December

Average 1

Fungicides & other
145
167
166
174
182
April

146
169
167
173
May

149
164
168
172
June

152
166
170
173
July

153
162
170
174

155
164
172
175

August

September

157
166
172
177

160
173
171
177

159
175
171
178

October November December

150
166
168
174
182
Average 1

Diesel
413
206
305
419
423
April

443
208
307
417
May

465
237
296
405
June

464
240
293
402
July

421
250
299
397

390
251
298
395

August

September

344
257
310
390

274
271
320
407

231
268
331
397

October November December

376
233
300
396
411
Average 1

Gasoline
285
177
249
328
339
April

311
195
248
338
May

336
226
239
318
June

337
218
238
316
July

315
226
238
315

310
221
236
313

August

September

257
222
244
299

183
231
249
294

145
227
260
284

October November December

270
203
243
305
319
Average 1

LP Gas
297
216
265
299
278
April

343
228
262
316
May

386
261
231
319
June

419
214
221
325
July

397
234
238
328

393
262
248
339

August

September

286
284
268
323

222
302
269
324

199
337
275
313

October November December

315
253
266
311
286
Average 1

Supplies
145
154
154
159
166
April

145
153
154
162
May

146
152
154
162
June

149
152
155
163
July

152
152
155
164

154
152
156
164

August

September

156
152
156
164

156
153
156
164

156
153
156
164

October November December

149
153
155
162
165
Average 1

Repairs
155
159
161
168
173
April

156
158
162
168
May

156
158
162
168
June

156
159
163
169
July

156
159
163
170

156
159
163
171

August

September

158
159
163
171

158
159
163
171

158
159
163
171

October November December

156
159
162
168
172
Average 1

Autos
108
109
111
113
115
April

108
109
110
114
May

108
109
110
115
June

109
110
110
115
July

108
108
110
115

108
108
110
115

August

September

108
110
110
115

108
112
111
115

108
112
111
115

October November December

108
110
111
114
115
Average 1

Trucks

See footnote(s) at end of table.

74

April

110
109
113
116
118

109
109
113
116

109
110
112
116

108
110
112
116

107
109
112
116

106
109
112
116

106
111
113
116

106
112
113
116

106
113
114
116

108
110
113
116
118
--continued

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Prices Paid 1990-1992 Base Index Sub-Components Monthly and Annual Average – United States:
2008-2012 (continued)
[Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not begun]
Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
1

...
...
...
...
...

January

February

March

175
184
188
201
209

175
183
189
202
209

174
185
189
203
210

January

February

March

207
218
234
248
267

208
229
234
249
269

209
229
234
250
270

January

February

March

202
228
240
245
259

203
230
240
248
258

204
231
240
249
259

January

February

March

144
145
145
148
148

144
145
145
148
148

144
145
145
148
148

January

February

March

143
158
161
164
169

143
158
161
164
169

144
158
162
165
169

January

February

March

205
236
243
262
270

205
236
243
262
270

205
236
243
262
270

January

February

March

118
124
129
139
145

118
124
129
139
145

118
124
129
139
145

April

May

June

July

August

September

October November December

Average 1

Tractors
175
186
190
203
210
April

175
186
191
203
May

175
186
191
203
June

178
186
194
204
July

178
187
195
204

180
188
197
208

August

September

181
188
198
208

181
189
199
209

182
189
200
209

October November December

177
186
193
205
210
Average 1

Self-propelled
210
229
235
252
270
April

212
229
236
253
May

213
229
236
254
June

213
230
237
255
July

214
230
238
257

214
230
239
259

August

September

216
230
240
263

230
231
247
265

217
231
247
266

October November December

214
229
238
256
269
Average 1

Other machinery
209
230
240
250
259
April

221
230
241
253
May

222
229
241
253
June

226
244
243
254
July

230
243
243
256

232
242
243
256

August

September

234
242
243
256

235
241
244
257

236
241
244
259

October November December

221
236
242
253
259
Average 1

Custom rates
144
145
145
148
148
April

144
145
145
148
May

144
145
145
148
June

144
145
145
148
July

144
145
145
148

144
145
145
148

August

September

144
145
145
148

144
145
145
148

144
145
145
148

October November December

144
145
145
148
148
Average 1

Other services
144
157
162
165
169
April

145
157
162
166
May

147
159
164
167
June

148
158
164
167
July

149
157
164
167

148
158
164
167

August

September

148
157
163
167

147
157
163
166

147
157
163
166

October November December

146
158
163
166
169
Average 1

Cash rent
205
236
243
262
270
April

205
236
243
262
May

205
236
243
262
June

205
236
243
262
July

205
236
243
262

205
236
243
262

August

September

205
236
243
262

205
236
243
262

205
236
243
262

October November December

205
236
243
262
270
Average 1

Share rent
118
124
129
139
145

118
124
129
139

118
124
129
139

118
124
129
139

118
124
129
139

118
124
129
139

118
124
129
139

118
124
129
139

118
124
129
139

118
124
129
139
145

Simple average and is year-to-date for current year.

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

75

Prices Paid 1910-1914 Base Indexes Monthly and Annual Average – United States: 2008-2012
[Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not begun]
January

February

March

April

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

2262
2381
2401
2596
2787

2293
2369
2394
2626
2799

2334
2377
2406
2674
2829

January

February

March

July

August

September

October November December

Average 1

2396
2386
2420
2706
2830

2456
2383
2422
2710

April

May

2505
2381
2411
2708
June

2552
2359
2413
2718
July

2557
2341
2419
2725

2543
2332
2432
2730

August

September

2497
2342
2465
2731

2433
2355
2492
2747

2379
2358
2521
2739

October November December

2434
2364
2433
2701
2811
Average 1

Items used for production, interest, taxes, and wage rates
(PITW)
2320
2463
2472
2697
2912

2357
2447
2464
2731
2925

2404
2455
2476
2784
2957

2477
2464
2492
2819
2955

2546
2460
2494
2823

January

February

March

April

May

1658
1788
1792
1976
2154

1690
1774
1785
2006
2164

1732
1782
1796
2052
2192

1800
1791
1814
2089
2190

1860
1787
1816
2092

January

February

820
921
905
996
1,102

2602
2454
2481
2820

March

April

May

June

July

860
911
868
1,035
1,116

891
903
854
1,037
1,144

902
901
835
1,089
1,159

968
937
836
1,117

988
959
831
1,127

1,057
925
841
1,126

January

February

March

April

May

June

July

1572
1539
1547
1929
2281

1638
1517
1611
1983
2371

1599
1518
1674
2031
2350

1562
1565
1786
2039
2264

1626
1516
1750
1908

January

February

March

April

May

2086
2722
3008
3082
3327

2086
2722
3008
3082
3327

2086
3008
3082
3327
3496

2722
3008
3082
3327
3496

2722
3008
3082
3327

January

February

March

April

May

June

July

1,007
1,246
851
1,119
1,270

1,065
1,191
866
1,116
1,220

1,155
1,173
871
1,165
1,219

1,260
1,181
903
1,195
1,219

1,333
1,102
918
1,197

1,489
992
914
1,203

1,616
944
904
1,220

January

February

March

April

May

June

July

820
877
885
891
919

822
915
885
895
942

827
930
887
894
939

June

2656
2428
2484
2832
July

2665
2406
2490
2839

2648
2394
2505
2845

August

September

2597
2405
2545
2847

2527
2421
2576
2866

2466
2425
2611
2857

October November December

2522
2435
2508
2813
2937
Average 1

Items used for production
1910
1782
1805
2089

1961
1763
1808
2100

1969
1744
1813
2106

1954
1734
1826
2111

August

September

1902
1738
1854
2109

1841
1752
1882
2126

1787
1755
1912
2118

October November December

1839
1766
1825
2081
2175
Average 1

Feed
1,048
900
849
1,163

1,021
881
881
1,174

August

September

956
883
917
1,124

934
894
952
1,112

901
891
974
1,096

October November December

945
909
879
1,100
1,130
Average 1

Livestock & poultry
1588
1436
1709
1866
June

1580
1445
1724
1938
July

1639
1418
1704
1879

1596
1399
1662
1865

August

September

1514
1409
1684
1987

1511
1444
1717
2103

1617
1463
1811
2151

October November December

1587
1472
1698
1973
2317
Average 1

Seeds
2722
3008
3082
3327

2722
3008
3082
3327

2722
3008
3082
3327

2722
3008
3082
3327

August

September

2722
3008
3082
3327

2722
3008
3082
3327

2722
3008
3082
3327

October November December

2563
2960
3070
3286
3412
Average 1

Fertilizer
1,718
881
907
1,214

1,755
856
935
1,217

August

September

1,757
849
975
1,253

1,622
845
1,010
1,279

1,452
848
1,049
1,270

October November December

1,436
1,009
925
1,204
1,232
Average 1

Chemicals

See footnote(s) at end of table.

76

June

Commodities, services, interest, taxes, and wage rates
(PPITW)

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

May

833
941
892
892
937

840
944
893
890

854
913
895
886

868
919
899
891

871
895
900
894

883
906
903
902

889
914
900
912

903
943
893
910

899
954
887
918

859
921
893
898
934
--continued

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Prices Paid 1910-1914 Base Indexes Monthly and Annual Average – United States:
2008-2012 (continued)
[Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not begun]
Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

January

February

March

2369
1575
2151
2468
2745

2400
1526
2093
2589
2813

2690
1476
2133
2801
2950

January

February

March

April

May

2847
1546
2224
2931
2941

3091
1600
2229
2959

April

May

June

July

August

September

October November December

Average 1

Fuels
3282
1835
2125
2875
June

3310
1788
2100
2863
July

3036
1874
2147
2843

2870
1897
2152
2841

August

September

2443
1948
2245
2778

1903
2048
2305
2850

1601
2061
2387
2769

October November December

2653
1765
2191
2797
2862
Average 1

Supplies & repairs
1072
1119
1120
1151
1200

1074
1116
1124
1154
1199

1069
1114
1125
1155
1206

1076
1114
1127
1169
1212

1081
1109
1131
1176

January

February

March

2965
2841
2996
3026
3109

2956
2874
3004
3053
3133

2940
2892
3003
3067
3136

January

February

4,968
5,380
5,677
5,937
6,304
January

1084
1106
1133
1179

April

May

2922
2901
2996
3076
3138

2907
2909
2985
3089

March

April

May

June

July

4,986
5,501
5,678
5,982
6,315

5,005
5,527
5,674
6,002
6,330

5,063
5,523
5,694
6,029
6,329

5,204
5,517
5,717
6,067

5,220
5,508
5,726
6,083

5,277
5,660
5,769
6,108

February

March

April

May

June

July

June

1094
1111
1138
1187
July

1100
1111
1139
1193

1104
1111
1140
1198

August

September

1114
1114
1141
1198

1115
1114
1142
1198

1115
1114
1143
1198

October November December

1091
1113
1134
1180
1204
Average 1

Autos & trucks
2896
2924
2979
3091

2883
2932
2976
3084

2847
2895
2975
3074

2818
2903
2980
3071

August

September

2817
2958
2989
3078

2819
2987
3003
3084

2818
2993
3014
3090

October November December

2882
2917
2992
3074
3129
Average 1

Machinery
5,319
5,662
5,782
6,150

5,358
5,658
5,802
6,190

August

September

5,393
5,655
5,825
6,237

5,543
5,655
5,894
6,259

5,431
5,652
5,907
6,287

October November December

5,231
5,575
5,762
6,111
6,320
Average 1

Building materials
2,125
2,263
2,211
2,277
2,347

2,139
2,239
2,224
2,290
2,370

2,157
2,232
2,236
2,305
2,377

2,188
2,221
2,253
2,318
2,385

2,222
2,217
2,267
2,326

2,257
2,208
2,258
2,336

2,293
2,207
2,255
2,347

January

February

March

April

May

June

July

1,796
1,980
2,027
2,112
2,178

1,797
1,978
2,025
2,114
2,181

1,799
1,977
2,031
2,119
2,180

1,805
1,974
2,030
2,120
2,179

1,808
1,974
2,033
2,125

1,826
1,985
2,043
2,134

1,833
1,976
2,043
2,132

2,327
2,203
2,254
2,346

2,339
2,208
2,251
2,345

August

September

2,319
2,207
2,251
2,344

2,298
2,205
2,255
2,341

2,272
2,208
2,263
2,344

October November December

2,245
2,218
2,248
2,327
2,370
Average 1

Services & rent

See footnote(s) at end of table.

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

1,836
1,975
2,044
2,132

1,832
1,975
2,043
2,133

1,833
1,974
2,040
2,129

1,825
1,970
2,037
2,126

1,825
1,970
2,038
2,125

1,818
1,976
2,036
2,125
2,180
--continued

77

Prices Paid 1910-1914 Base Indexes Monthly and Annual Average – United States:
2008-2012 (continued)
[Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not begun]
Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

January

February

March

April

May

3727
3431
3312
3381
3635

3727
3431
3312
3381
3635

3727
3431
3312
3381
3635

January

February

March

5598
5453
5646
5935
6225

5598
5453
5646
5935
6225

5598
5453
5646
5935
6225

January

February

March

6985
7062
7159
7301
7205

6985
7062
7159
7301
7205

6985
7062
7159
7301
7205

January

February

2,005
2,005
2,058
2,092
2,153
January

3727
3431
3312
3381
3635

3727
3431
3312
3381

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

...
...
...
...
...

July

August

April

May

5598
5453
5646
5935
6225

5598
5453
5646
5935

April

May

6830
7017
6991
7075
7205

6830
7017
6991
7075

March

April

May

June

July

2,011
2,015
2,059
2,102
2,162

2,028
2,020
2,067
2,122
2,179

2,040
2,025
2,071
2,136
2,195

2,057
2,031
2,072
2,146

2,078
2,049
2,070
2,144

2,089
2,045
2,071
2,146

February

March

April

May

June

July

September

October November December

Average 1

Interest
3727
3431
3312
3381
June

3727
3431
3312
3381
July

3727
3431
3312
3381

3727
3431
3312
3381

August

September

3727
3431
3312
3381

3727
3431
3312
3381

3727
3431
3312
3381

October November December

3727
3431
3312
3381
3635
Average 1

Taxes
5598
5453
5646
5935
June

5598
5453
5646
5935
July

5598
5453
5646
5935

5598
5453
5646
5935

August

September

5598
5453
5646
5935

5598
5453
5646
5935

5598
5453
5646
5935

October November December

5598
5453
5646
5935
6225
Average 1

Wage rates
6830
7017
6991
7075

6701
6888
6972
7062

6701
6888
6972
7062

6701
6888
6972
7062

August

September

6927
7062
7192
7205

6927
7062
7192
7205

6927
7062
7192
7205

October November December

6860
7007
7079
7161
7205
Average 1

Family living

Year
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

June

2,081
2,050
2,073
2,152

2,078
2,051
2,075
2,155

August

September

2,057
2,053
2,077
2,150

2,018
2,055
2,078
2,149

1,997
2,051
2,082
2,143

October November December

2,045
2,038
2,071
2,136
2,172
Average 1

Commodities, services, interest,taxes, and wage rates
Adjusted for productivity
1442
1420
1409
1448
1472

1447
1420
1408
1454
1475

1456
1422
1410
1464
1481

January

February

March

1456
1421
1401
1454
1483

1468
1421
1402
1456

April

May

1479
1423
1400
1456
June

1478
1410
1399
1456
July

1478
1408
1400
1458

1475
1407
1402
1459

August

September

Parity ratio
41
37
36
41
43

40
34
35
41
41

40
34
36
41
41

January

February

March

39
34
35
41
40
April

39
34
36
41
May

40
35
36
42
June

40
35
36
42
July

42
35
36
42
42

41
35
38
42
42

40
36
37
42
41

41
36
38
42

42
37
37
43

41
36
38
43

1466
1424
1427
1471

1454
1423
1432
1469

October November December

1465
1418
1409
1460
1478
Average 1

2

39
34
37
43

39
34
37
42

August

September

Adjusted parity ratio (PPITW)
42
39
37
42
44

1481
1421
1423
1469

40
36
38
44

38
36
39
43

37
36
39
42

36
37
38
41

October November December

39
35
37
42
41
Average 1

3

40
36
39
43

40
38
40
44

38
38
41
44

37
38
40
43

40
37
38
43
42

1

Simple average and is year-to-date for current year.
Ratio of index of prices received to index of prices paid for commodities, services, interest, taxes, and wage rates.
3
Ratio of the index of prices received after adjustment for government payments to the index of prices paid for commodities, services, interest, taxes,
and wage rates.
2

78

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Ten Farm Production Regions

Lake
States

Northern
Plains

Pacific
Mountain

Northeast

Cornbelt

Appalachian
Delta States
Southern
Plains

Southeast

USDA/NASS

Farm Production Regions
Region 1, Appalachian
Kentucky, North Carolina, Tennessee,
Virginia, West Virginia
Region 2, Corn Belt
Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Missouri, Ohio
Region 3, Delta States
Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi
Region 4, Lake States
Michigan, Minnesota, Wisconsin
Region 5, Mountain
Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana,
Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, Wyoming

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Region 6, Northeast
Connecticut, Delaware, Maine, Maryland,
Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New
York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont
Region 7, Northern Plains
Kansas, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota
Region 8, Pacific
California, Oregon, Washington
Region 9, Southeast
Alabama, Florida, Georgia, South Carolina
Region 10, Southern Plains
Oklahoma, Texas

79

Nine Fertilizer Regions

Northwest
Northern
Plains
Southwest

Northeast

North Central
Mountain

Southeast
South Central

East South
Central

USDA/NASS

Fertilizer Regions
Region 1, East South Central
Alabama, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi,
Tennessee

Region 5, Northern Plains
Kansas, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota

Region 2, Mountain
Colorado, Montana, New Mexico, Wyoming

Region 6, Northwest
Idaho, Oregon, Washington

Region 3, North Central
Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota,
Missouri, Ohio, Wisconsin

Region 7, South Central
Arkansas, Oklahoma, Texas

Region 4, Northeast
Connecticut, Delaware, Maine, Maryland,
Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey,
New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island,
Vermont, West Virginia

80

Region 8, Southeast
Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, South
Carolina, Virginia
Region 9, Southwest
Arizona, California, Nevada, Utah

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Reliability of Prices Paid Estimates
Definition: Prices paid by farmers represent the average costs of inputs purchased by farmers and ranchers to produce
agricultural commodities. Conceptually, the average price when multiplied by quantity purchased should equal total
producer expenditures for the item.
Survey procedures: The prices paid data are obtained from establishments that sell goods and services to farmers and
ranchers. Annually, about 8,500 firms are randomly selected from lists by type of item sold with an average response rate
in the range of 75-80 percent. Firms are asked to report the price for the specified item "most commonly bought by
farmers" or that was the "volume seller". Approximately 135 items are surveyed each March to represent all production
input items purchased. The survey reference period for most items is the five business days centered around the 15th of
the month. Separate prices paid surveys are conducted for agricultural chemicals, fuels, feed, fertilizer, machinery, and
seed.
Summary and estimation procedures: The annual March Prices Paid Survey is summarized as a nonprobability survey.
Average prices reported are aggregated to the region and United States level using weights available from expenditure
data and other administrative sources. Price recommendations are prepared by the State Field Offices and Headquarters
for review by the Agricultural Statistics Board in Washington, D.C. Also, the change in price level for individual items
surveyed are combined to the regional and United States levels, and are published as prices paid indexes referenced to a
specific base period. Prices paid indexes for new autos and trucks, building materials, farm supplies, motor supplies, and
marketing containers are updated based on price changes measured in selected Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) indexes.
Revisions: Any revisions are published in the monthly and in annual issues of Agricultural Prices. The basis for revision
must be supported by additional data that directly affect the level of the estimate. More revisions are likely for March
when separate prices paid surveys are conducted, in lieu of BLS indexes, by the USDA to measure price change.
Reliability: Current methods of summarization for the March data are not designed directly to calculate sampling errors.
However, analytical measures approximate the United States relative sampling errors for major items around 10 percent.
Any nonsampling errors are attributed to such things as the inability to obtain correct information, differences in
interpreting questions or definitions, mistakes in coding or processing the data, etc. Efforts are made at each step in the
survey process to minimize these nonsampling errors.
Program change: Effective January 1, 1995, the National Agricultural Statistics Service updated the weights and
changed the construction of its prices paid and received by farmers indexes. A Federal Register Notice dated
October 28, 1994 discussed these program modifications.
A 1990-1992 reference and base period replaced the 1977 reference and 1971-1973 base weight period. Five-year moving
average weights replaced the current fixed 1971-1973 base period weights. The 1910-1914=100 price indexes, required by
statute for computing parity prices, were linked forward based on the changes in the new 1990-1992=100 indexes. The
new indexes were constructed by multiplying the ratios of the current prices to the base period prices by the moving
average weights (adjusted for seasonal marketing patterns for the prices received indexes).

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

81

Information Contacts
Direct general questions to Dale Hawks, Acting Chief, Environmental, Economics and Demographics Branch at
(202) 720-6146. Below are the commodity specialists to contact for additional information.
Crop Prices Received
Lance Honig, Chief, Crops Branch ................................................................................................................. (202) 720-2127
Jacqueline Moore, Head, Field Crops Section ................................................................................................. (202) 720-2127
Suzanne Avilla – Peanuts, Rice...................................................................................................................... (202) 720-7688
Bryan Durham – Oats, Rye, Wheat ................................................................................................................ (202) 720-8068
Steve Maliszewski – Cotton, Cotton Ginnings, Sorghum .............................................................................. (202) 720-5944
Anthony Prillaman – Corn, Proso Millet, Flaxseed ....................................................................................... (202) 720-9526
Julie Schmidt – Crop Weather, Barley, Hay .................................................................................................. (202) 720-7621
Travis Thorson – Soybeans, Sunflower, Other Oilseeds ................................................................................ (202) 720-7369
Jorge Garcia-Pratts, Head, Fruits, Vegetables and Special Crops Section ....................................................... (202) 720-2127
Debbie Flippin – Fresh and Processing Vegetables, Onions, Strawberries.................................................... (202) 720-2157
Fred Granja – Apples, Apricots, Cherries, Plums, Prunes, Tobacco ............................................................. (202) 720-4288
Erika White – Floriculture, Maple Syrup, Nursery, Tree Nuts ..................................................................... (202) 720-4215
Chris Hawthorn – Citrus, Coffee, Sugar Crops, Grapes, Tropical Fruits ....................................................... (202) 720-5412
Daphne Schauber – Berries, Cranberries, Potatoes, Sweet Potatoes ............................................................. (202) 720-4285
Dan Norris – Austrian Winter Peas, Dry Edible Peas, Lentils, Mints,
Mushrooms, Peaches, Pears, Wrinkled Seed Peas, Dry Beans ................................................................... (202) 720-3250
Livestock Prices Received
Dan Kerestes, Chief, Livestock Branch ........................................................................................................... (202) 720-3570
Scott Hollis, Head, Livestock Section .............................................................................................................. (202) 720-3570
Travis Averill – Cattle .................................................................................................................................... (202) 720-3040
Mike Miller – Milk, Milk Cows .................................................................................................................... (202) 720-3278
Doug Bounds – Hogs ..................................................................................................................................... (202) 720-3106
Bruce Boess, Head, Poultry and Specialty Commodities Section.................................................................... (202) 720-3570
Cody Brokmeyer – Turkeys ........................................................................................................................... (202) 690-3237
LaKeya Jones – Honey .................................................................................................................................. (202) 720-0585
Kim Linonis – Eggs........................................................................................................................................ (202) 690-8632
Miste Salmon – Broilers................................................................................................................................. (202) 720-3244
Indexes, Prices Paid, and Parity Prices
Dale Hawks, Acting Chief, Environmental, Economics and
Demographics Branch .................................................................................................................................... (202) 720-6146
Scott Shimmin, Acting Head, Economics Section ........................................................................................... (202) 690-3231
Daryl Brinkman – Prices Received Indexes, Parity Prices ............................................................................ (202) 720-8844
Scott Shimmin – Grazing Fees....................................................................................................................... (202) 690-3231
Vincent Davis – Prices Paid Indexes, Prices Paid for Feed, Fertilizer,
Agricultural Chemicals, Seeds, Farm Supplies and Repairs,
Farm Machinery, Fuels, Feeder Livestock, Poultry Chicks,
Feed Price Ratios, Autos & Trucks .......................................................................................................... (202) 690-3229

82

Agricultural Prices (April 2012)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Access to NASS Reports
For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways:
 All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: http://www.nass.usda.gov
 Both national and state specific reports are available via a free e-mail subscription. To set-up this free
subscription, visit http://www.nass.usda.gov and in the “Follow NASS” box under “Receive reports by Email,”
click on “National” or “State” to select the reports you would like to receive.
 Printed reports may be purchased from the National Technical Information Service (NTIS) by calling toll-free
(800) 999-6779, or (703) 605-6220 if calling from outside the United States or Canada. Accepted methods of
payment are Visa, MasterCard, check, or money order.
For more information on NASS surveys and reports, call the NASS Agricultural Statistics Hotline at (800) 727-9540,
7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET, or e-mail: nass@nass.usda.gov.
The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the
basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental
status, religion, sexual orientation, political beliefs, genetic information, reprisal, or because all or a part of an individual's
income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with
disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.)
should contact USDA's TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD).
To file a complaint of discrimination, write to USDA, Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights, Office of the Assistant
Secretary for Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Stop 9410, Washington, DC 20250-9410, or call toll-free at
(866) 632-9992 (English) or (800) 877-8339 (TDD) or (866) 377-8642 (English Federal-relay) or (800) 845-6136
(Spanish Federal-relay). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer.


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