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pdfStandard IRO-002-4 — Reliability Coordination — Monitoring and Analysis
A. Introduction
1.
Title:
Reliability Coordination – Monitoring and Analysis
2.
Number:
IRO‐002‐4
3.
Purpose: Provide System Operators with the capabilities necessary to monitor
and analyze data needed to perform their reliability functions.
4.
Applicability
4.1. Reliability Coordinator
5.
Effective Date:
See Implementation Plan.
6.
Background:
See the Project 2014‐03 project page.
B. Requirements and Measures
R1.
Each Reliability Coordinator shall have data exchange capabilities with its Balancing
Authorities and Transmission Operators, and with other entities it deems necessary,
for it to perform its Operational Planning Analyses, Real‐time monitoring, and Real‐
time Assessments. [Violation Risk Factor: High] [Time Horizon: Operations Planning,
Same‐Day Operations, Real‐time Operations]
M1. Each Reliability Coordinator shall have and provide upon request, evidence that could
include but is not limited to a document that lists its data exchange capabilities with
its Balancing Authorities and Transmission Operators, and with other entities it deems
necessary, for it to perform its operational Planning Analyses, Real‐time monitoring,
and Real‐time Assessments.
R2. Each Reliability Coordinator shall provide its System Operators with the authority to
approve planned outages and maintenance of its telecommunication, monitoring and
analysis capabilities. [Violation Risk Factor: High] [Time Horizon: Operations Planning,
Same‐Day Operations, Real‐time Operations]
M2. Each Reliability Coordinator shall have and provide upon request evidence that could
include but is not limited to a documented procedure or equivalent evidence that will
be used to confirm that the Reliability Coordinator has provided its System Operators
with the authority to approve planned outages and maintenance of its
telecommunication, monitoring and analysis capabilities.
R3. Each Reliability Coordinator shall monitor Facilities, the status of Special Protection
Systems, and non‐BES facilities identified as necessary by the Reliability Coordinator,
within its Reliability Coordinator Area and neighboring Reliability Coordinator Areas to
identify any System Operating Limit exceedances and to determine any
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Standard IRO-002-4 — Reliability Coordination — Monitoring and Analysis
Interconnection Reliability Operating Limit exceedances within its Reliability
Coordinator Area. [Violation Risk Factor: High] [Time Horizon: Real‐Time Operations]
M3. Each Reliability Coordinator shall have, and provide upon request, evidence that could
include but is not limited to Energy Management System description documents,
computer printouts, SCADA data collection, or other equivalent evidence that will be
used to confirm that it has monitored Facilities, the status of Special Protection
Systems, and non‐BES facilities identified as necessary by the Reliability Coordinator,
within its Reliability Coordinator Area and neighboring Reliability Coordinator Areas to
identify any System Operating Limit exceedances and to determine any
Interconnection Reliability Operating Limit exceedances within its Reliability
Coordinator Area.
R4.
Each Reliability Coordinator shall have monitoring systems that provide information
utilized by the Reliability Coordinator’s operating personnel, giving particular
emphasis to alarm management and awareness systems, automated data transfers,
and synchronized information systems, over a redundant infrastructure. [Violation
Risk Factor: High] [Time Horizon: Real‐time Operations]
M4. The Reliability Coordinator shall have, and provide upon request, evidence that could
include but is not limited to Energy Management System description documents,
computer printouts, SCADA data collection, or other equivalent evidence that will be
used to confirm that it has monitoring systems consistent with the requirement.
C. Compliance
1.
Compliance Monitoring Process
1.1. Compliance Enforcement Authority
As defined in the NERC Rules of Procedure, “Compliance Enforcement Authority”
(CEA) means NERC or the Regional Entity in their respective roles of monitoring
and enforcing compliance with the NERC Reliability Standards.
1.2. Compliance Monitoring and Assessment Processes:
As defined in the NERC Rules of Procedure, “Compliance Monitoring and
Assessment Processes” refers to the identification of the processes that will be
used to evaluate data or information for the purpose of assessing performance
or outcomes with the associated reliability standard.
1.3. Data Retention
The Reliability Coordinator shall keep data or evidence to show compliance as
identified below unless directed by its Compliance Enforcement Authority to
retain specific evidence for a longer period of time as part of an investigation:
The Reliability Coordinator shall retain its current, in force document and any
documents in force for the current year and previous calendar year for
Requirements R1, R2, and R3 and Measures M1, M2, and M3.
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Standard IRO-002-4 — Reliability Coordination — Monitoring and Analysis
The Reliability Coordinator shall keep data or evidence for Requirement R4 and
Measure M4 for the current calendar year and one previous calendar year.
If a Reliability Coordinator is found non‐compliant, it shall keep information
related to the non‐compliance until found compliant.
The Compliance Enforcement Authority shall keep the last audit records and all
requested and submitted subsequent audit records.
1.4. Additional Compliance Information
None.
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Standard IRO-002-4 — Reliability Coordination — Monitoring and Analysis
Table of Compliance Elements
R #
Time Horizon
VRF
Violation Severity Levels
Lower VSL
Moderate VSL
High VSL
Severe VSL
R1
Operations
Planning,
Same‐Day
Operations,
Real‐time
Operations
High
The Reliability
Coordinator did not
have data exchange
capabilities with
one applicable
entity, or 5% or less
of the applicable
entities, whichever
is greater.
The Reliability
Coordinator did not
have data exchange
capabilities with two
applicable entities, or
more than 5% or less
than or equal to 10% of
the applicable entities,
whichever is greater.
The Reliability
Coordinator did not
have data exchange
capabilities with three
applicable entities, or
more than 10% or less
than or equal to 15% of
the applicable entities,
whichever is greater.
The Reliability Coordinator did
not have data exchange
capabilities with four or more
applicable entities or greater
than 15% of the applicable
entities, whichever is greater.
R2
Operations
Planning,
Same‐Day
Operations,
Real‐time
Operations
High
N/A
N/A
N/A
The Reliability Coordinator
failed to provide its System
Operator with the authority to
approve planned outages and
maintenance of its
telecommunication, monitoring
and analysis capabilities.
R3
Real‐time
Operations
High
N/A
N/A
N/A
The Reliability Coordinator did
not monitor Facilities, the
status of Special Protection
Systems, and non‐BES facilities
identified as necessary by the
Reliability Coordinator, within
its Reliability Coordinator Area
and neighboring Reliability
Coordinator Areas to identify
any System Operating Limit
exceedances and to determine
any Interconnection Reliability
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Standard IRO-002-4 — Reliability Coordination — Monitoring and Analysis
R #
Time Horizon
VRF
Violation Severity Levels
Lower VSL
R4
Operations
Planning,
Same‐Day
Operations,
Real‐time
Operations
High
N/A
Moderate VSL
N/A
High VSL
N/A
Severe VSL
Operating Limit exceedances
within its Reliability
Coordinator Area.
The Reliability Coordinator did
not have monitoring systems
that provide information
utilized by the Reliability
Coordinator’s operating
personnel, giving particular
emphasis to alarm
management and awareness
systems, automated data
transfers, and synchronized
information systems, over a
redundant infrastructure.
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Standard IRO-002-4 — Reliability Coordination — Monitoring and Analysis
D. Regional Variances
None.
E. Interpretations
None.
F. Associated Documents
None.
Version History
Version
Date
0
April 1, 2005
0
August 8, 2005
1
November 1, 2006
1
April 4, 2007
2
October 17, 2008
2
March 17, 2011
Order issued by FERC approving
IRO‐002‐2 (approval effective
5/23/11)
FERC approval
2
February 24, 2014
Updated VSLs based on June 24,
2013 approval.
VSLs revised
3
July 25, 2011
Revised under Project 2006‐06
Revised
Approved by Board of Trustees
Retired R1‐R8 under
Project 2006‐06.
3
August 4, 2011
Action
Effective Date
Change Tracking
New
Removed “Proposed” from Effective Errata
Date
Adopted by Board of Trustees
Revised
Replaced Levels of Non‐compliance
with the Feb 28, BOT approved
Violation Severity Levels (VSLs)
Corrected typographical errors in
BOT approved version of VSLs
Revised to add
missing measures
and compliance
elements
Adopted by NERC Board of Trustees Deleted R2, M3 and
associated
compliance elements
as conforming
changes associated
with approval of IRO‐
010‐1. Revised as
part of IROL Project
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Standard IRO-002-4 — Reliability Coordination — Monitoring and Analysis
4
November 13, 2014 Approved by Board of Trustees
Revisions under
Project 2014‐03
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Standard IRO-002-4 — Guidelines and Technical Basis
Guidelines and Technical Basis
Rationale:
During development of this standard, text boxes were embedded within the standard to explain
the rationale for various parts of the standard. Upon BOT approval, the text from the rationale
text boxes was moved to this section.
Changes made to the proposed definitions were made in order to respond to issues raised in
NOPR paragraphs 55, 73, and 74 dealing with analysis of SOLs in all time horizons, questions on
Protection Systems and Special Protection Systems in NOPR paragraph 78, and
recommendations on phase angles from the SW Outage Report (recommendation 27). The
intent of such changes is to ensure that Real‐time Assessments contain sufficient details to
result in an appropriate level of situational awareness. Some examples include: 1) analyzing
phase angles which may result in the implementation of an Operating Plan to adjust generation
or curtail transactions so that a Transmission facility may be returned to service, or 2)
evaluating the impact of a modified Contingency resulting from the status change of a Special
Protection Scheme from enabled/in‐service to disabled/out‐of‐service.
Rationale for Requirements:
The data exchange elements of Requirements R1 and R2 from approved IRO‐002‐2 have been
added back into proposed IRO‐002‐4 in order to ensure that there is no reliability gap. The SDT
found no proposed requirements in the current project that covered the issue. Voice
communication is covered in proposed COM‐001‐2 but data communications needs to remain
in IRO‐002‐4 as it is not covered in proposed COM‐001‐2. Staffing of communications and
facilities in corresponding requirements from IRO‐002‐2 is addressed in approved PER‐004‐2,
Requirement R1 and has been deleted from this draft.
Rationale for R2:
Requirement R2 from IRO‐002‐3 has been deleted because approved EOP‐008‐1, Requirement
R1, part 1.6.2 addresses redundancy and back‐up concerns for outages of analysis tools. New
Requirement R4 has been added to address NOPR paragraphs 96 and 97: “…As we explain
above, the reliability coordinator’s obligation to monitor SOLs is important to reliability because
a SOL can evolve into an IROL during deteriorating system conditions, and for potential system
conditions such as this, the reliability coordinator’s monitoring of SOLs provides a necessary
backup function to the transmission operator….”
Rationale for R4:
Requirement R4 added back from approved IRO‐002‐2 as the SDT found no proposed
requirements that covered the issues.
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* FOR INFORMATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY *
Enforcement Dates: Standard IRO-002-4 — Reliability Coordination - Monitoring and Analysis
United States
Standard
Requirement
IRO-002-4
All
Enforcement Date
Inactive Date
This standard has not yet been approved by the applicable regulatory authority.
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