Higher Education Research and Development Survey - Cognitive Interviews

APPENDIX B
MATERIALS FOR COGNITIVE TESTS OF FIELDS OF R&D CHANGES

February 9, 2016

ICF International

HERD Cognitive Interview Changes to Taxonomy Recruitment E-Mail
To: Primary contact email
From: NSF Higher Education R&D Survey
Re: Changes to the FY 2016 Higher Education R&D Survey ([[inst_id]])
Dear [[firstname]] [[lastname]]:
For the upcoming National Science Foundation FY 2016 Higher Education R&D Survey, we are
implementing several revisions to the fields of R&D for which you are asked to report expenditures. The
changes better reflect the R&D currently being conducted at universities and colleges and make the fields
more consistent with those used by other NSF surveys as well as the Department of Education’s
Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP).
Before we communicate the changes to all universities and colleges in the survey population, we would
like to get some feedback from current survey respondents about how we are presenting the information.
If you are interested in participating and are available for a 15 minute phone interview sometime in the
next week (Month XX-XX), please contact Sean Rider from our survey staff at ICF International at
support@HERDsurvey.org or (866) 936-9376. He will schedule a time for the phone call and send you
the materials to review ahead of time.
Thank you for your help and for your continued participation in the HERD Survey.
Sincerely,
Ronda Britt
Project Officer, Higher Education R&D Survey
National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics
National Science Foundation

HERD Cognitive Interview Changes to Taxonomy Confirmation of Appointment E-mail
To: Primary contact email (or other person schedule)
CC: other attendees, including Jennifer or Sherri
From: NSF Higher Education R&D Survey
Re: Confirming meeting ([[inst_id]])
Atth: Field of R&D Crosswalk and E-mail Communication
Dear [[firstname]] [[lastname]]:
Thank you for agreeing to talk to us about the revised fields of R&D on the National Science
Foundation’s FY 2016 Higher Education R&D Survey. The phone call is scheduled for DayoftheWeek,
Month XX, at X:XX AM/PM. At that time please call our conference line at 1-877-423-6338,
participant passcode: 777133. [ICF staff name] will be leading the interview and I’ll be taking notes.
I have attached a draft of an e-mail announcing the changes to the fields of R&D. The full list of FY 2016
fields and the changes from FY 2015 are presented in two potential formats, attached as List Option and
Table Option. Please do not share this with others outside of your institution at this time. Take a few
minutes to review the materials before our scheduled phone call.

February 9, 2016

ICF International

If you have any trouble accessing the attachments, have further questions or need to reschedule, you may
reach me by email at support@HERDsurvey.org or call toll-free at (866) 936-9376.
Thank you very much for your help.
Sincerely,
Sean Rider
Data Collection Specialist
ICF International
NSF Higher Education R&D Survey

To: Primary contact e-mail
Cc: E-mails of others routinely copied on survey communications
From: NSF Higher Education R&D Survey
Re: Changes to the FY 2016 HERD Survey
Dear [[firstname]] [[lastname]]:
I am writing to inform you of some changes that will be implemented for the National Science
Foundation’s FY 2016 Higher Education Research and Development (HERD) Survey. This survey is
expected to launch in November 2016 with a January 31, 2017 due date. I am telling you about these
changes now, so you have more time to prepare for the survey.
The FY 2016 HERD Survey will include several revisions to the fields of R&D for which you were asked
to report expenditures in Questions 9, 11, and 14 of the FY 2015 survey. These changes better reflect the
R&D currently being conducted at universities and colleges and also make our fields more consistent with
those used by other NSF surveys as well as the Department of Education’s Classification of Instructional
Programs (CIP).
Changes to the FY 2016 fields of R&D include the following:
•
•
•
•
•

Fields will be listed on the survey in alphabetical order.
The names of some fields have been revised to better reflect the disciplines included in those
fields.
New disciplines have been added as examples under many fields.
Some disciplines have been reclassified under different fields.
Four new fields have been added: (1) Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering under
Engineering, (2) Natural Resources and Conservation under Life Sciences, (3) Materials Science
under Physical Sciences, and (4) Anthropology under Social Sciences.

The attached table/list provides the fields of R&D for which you will be asked to report expenditures on
the FY 2016 survey. Listed under each field are the disciplines included in that field. We have also noted
the disciplines that have been reclassified under another field.
If you have any questions about these changes, please contact me at rbritt@nsf.gov or (703) 292-7765.
Sincerely,
Ronda Britt
Project Officer, Higher Education R&D Survey
National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics
National Science Foundation

February 9, 2016

ICF International

Interview Protocol: Revised Fields of R&D Announcement
INTRODUCTION
[Interviewer introduces herself and reminds the interviewee that Sean is also on the phone taking
notes. Tell them that their feedback will remain anonymous.]
Thanks so much for talking with me today. As you know from our initial contact, we are
implementing several revisions to the fields of R&D you are asked to report expenditures for on
the Higher Education R&D Survey. Before we announce the changes to everyone, we wanted to
get some feedback on how we are presenting the information.
We sent a draft of an e-mail announcing the change and a table listing all the fields noting where
things changed from the FY 2015 survey. Did you receive the e-mail and the list of fields we
sent? Did you have a chance to review them?
[If they did not receive a copy of the e-mail and table, be prepared to e-mail it to them
immediately.]
[If they did not have a chance to review, give them a few minutes to review before
beginning the interview]

First let’s talk about the e-mail announcing the change.
1. Let’s start with your overall reaction to the e-mail. What did you think of it? Generally
speaking, did you find it clear or confusing?
a. Could you tell me more about that?
[If they already answered one of the following questions in their response to the open-ended one,
you do not need to ask again]
2. In your opinion, did the message do a good job or a bad job of explaining why these
changes to the fields are being made?
a. Could you tell me more about that?
3. In the e-mail there is a bulleted list of changes being made to the fields of R&D. Were
there any items on the list that were unclear or could be expanded upon?
a. Could you tell me more about that?

1

February 9, 2016

ICF International

4. Let’s talk about the two options presented for changing the fields in the 2016 Survey.
First, please take a look at the table option.
5. What do you think of the way the table is organized?
a. Was it easy or difficult to understand?
b. Can you tell me more about that?
6. Next, please take a look at the list option.
a. What do you think of the way the list is organized?
b. Was it easy or difficult to understand?
c. Can you tell me more about that?
7. Now, I’d like to ask you to find the new location for the field “Wood science.” (This can
be found on page X of the table, and on page Y of the list.)
a. In your opinion, which does a better job of notifying you about the change to
wood science: the list or the table?
b. Can you tell me more about that?
8. Next, please find the new location for the field “Anthropology.” (This can be found on
page X of the table, and on page Y of the list.)
a. In your opinion, which does a better job of notifying you about the change to
anthropology: the list or the table?
b. Can you tell me more about that?
9. Finally, comparing the table vs. the list…
a. Which one does a better job of indicating which fields are new (e.g., Industrial
and Manufacturing Engineering)?
b. Which one does a better job of indicating where fields will be categorized next
year?
10. Could you tell me a little bit more about how your institution determines what fields of
R&D expenditures were in and how these revisions might impact that process?
11. How easy or difficult will it be to report expenditures in these new or revised fields for
the upcoming survey, which will be due next January and will ask about expenditures
during your institution’s 2016 fiscal year?
12. Do you have any comments or questions about anything that we have not covered?
That’s all of our questions. Thank you so much for your time today.

2

Fields
 of
 R&D
 for
 the
 FY
 2016
 Higher
 Education
 Research
 and
 Development
 Survey

HERD
 2016
 Fields

Changes
 from
 FY
 2015
 HERD
 Survey

A. Computer
 and
 Information
 Sciences

Artificial
 intelligence

Computer
 and
 information
 technology

administration
 and
 management

Computer
 science

Computer
 software
 and
 media
 applications

Computer
 systems
 analysis

Computer
 systems
 networking
 and

telecommunications

Data
 processing

Information
 sciences,
 studies

Information
 technology

Disciplines
 removed
 from
 this
 field:

• Management
 information
 systems
 moved
 to
 Non-­‐S&E

Fields,
 Business
 Management
 and
 Business
 Administration.

B.
 Engineering

1.
 Aerospace,
 Aeronautical,
 and
 Astronautical
 Engineering

Aerodynamics

Aerospace
 engineering

Space
 technology

2.

 Bioengineering
 and
 Biomedical
 Engineering

Biological
 and
 biosystems
 engineering

Biomaterials
 engineering

Biomedical
 technology

Medical
 engineering

3.

 Chemical
 Engineering

Biochemical
 engineering

Chemical
 and
 biomolecular
 engineering

Engineering
 chemistry

Paper
 science

Petroleum
 refining
 process

Polymer,
 plastics
 engineering

Disciplines
 removed
 from
 this
 field:

• Petroleum
 engineering
 moved
 to
 Other
 Engineering.

• Wood
 science
 moved
 to
 Life
 Sciences,
 Agricultural
 Sciences.

1

Fields
 of
 R&D
 for
 the
 FY
 2016
 Higher
 Education
 Research
 and
 Development
 Survey

HERD
 2016
 Fields

Changes
 from
 FY
 2015
 HERD
 Survey

4.

 Civil
 Engineering

Architectural
 engineering

Construction
 engineering

Engineering
 management,
 administration

Environmental,
 environmental
 health

engineering

Disciplines
 removed
 from
 this
 field:

• Architecture
 moved
 to
 Non-­‐S&E
 Fields,
 Other
 Non-­‐S&E

Fields.

Geotechnical
 and
 geoenvironmental

engineering

Sanitary
 engineering

Structural
 engineering

Surveying
 engineering

Transportation
 and
 highway
 engineering

Water
 resources
 engineering

5.
 Electrical,
 Electronic,
 and
 Communications
 Engineering

Communications
 engineering

Computer
 engineering

Computer
 hardware
 engineering

Computer
 software
 engineering

Electrical
 and
 electronics
 engineering

Laser
 and
 optical
 engineering

Power

Telecommunications
 engineering

6.
 Industrial
 and
 Manufacturing
 Engineering

 NEW
 FIELD

Disciplines
 added
 to
 this
 field:

Industrial
 engineering

• Industrial,
 manufacturing
 and
 systems
 engineering
 moved

Manufacturing
 engineering

from
 Other
 Engineering.

Operations
 research

• Operations
 research
 moved
 from
 Mathematics
 and

 Systems
 engineering

Statistics.

 7.
 Mechanical
 Engineering

Disciplines
 removed
 from
 this
 field:

Electromechanical
 engineering

• Engineering
 mechanics
 moved
 to
 Other
 Engineering.

Mechatronics,
 robotics,
 and
 automation

engineering

2

Fields
 of
 R&D
 for
 the
 FY
 2016
 Higher
 Education
 Research
 and
 Development
 Survey

HERD
 2016
 Fields

Changes
 from
 FY
 2015
 HERD
 Survey

8.
 Metallurgical
 and
 Materials
 Engineering

Ceramic
 sciences
 and
 engineering

Geophysical,
 geological
 engineering

Materials
 engineering

Metallurgical
 engineering

Mining
 and
 mineral
 engineering

Textile
 sciences
 and
 engineering

Welding

Disciplines
 removed
 from
 this
 field:

• Materials
 science
 moved
 to
 the
 new
 field
 of
 Materials

Science
 under
 Physical
 Sciences.

9.
 Other
 Engineering

Agricultural
 engineering

Engineering
 design

Engineering
 mechanics,
 physics,
 and
 science

Forest
 engineering

Nanotechnology

Naval
 architecture
 and
 marine
 engineering

Nuclear
 engineering

Ocean
 engineering

Petroleum
 engineering

Other
 engineering
 fields
 that
 cannot
 be

classified
 using
 the
 fields
 listed
 above

Disciplines
 removed
 from
 this
 field:

• Industrial,
 manufacturing
 and
 systems
 engineering
 moved
 to

Industrial
 and
 Manufacturing
 Engineering.

Disciplines
 added
 to
 this
 field:

• Engineering
 mechanics,
 physics,
 and
 science
 moved
 from

Mechanical
 Engineering.

• Petroleum
 engineering
 moved
 from
 Chemical
 Engineering.

C.
 Geosciences,
 Atmospheric,
 and
 Ocean
 Sciences
 (previously
 called
 Environmental
 Sciences)  
1.

 Atmospheric
 Science
 and
 Meteorology

Aeronomy

Atmospheric
 chemistry
 and
 climatology

Atmospheric
 physics
 and
 dynamics

Extraterrestrial
 atmospheres

Meteorology

Solar

Weather
 modification

3

Fields
 of
 R&D
 for
 the
 FY
 2016
 Higher
 Education
 Research
 and
 Development
 Survey

HERD
 2016
 Fields

Changes
 from
 FY
 2015
 HERD
 Survey

2.

 Geological
 and
 Earth
 Sciences

Earth
 and
 planetary
 sciences

Geochemistry

Geodesy
 and
 gravity

Geology

Geomagnetism

Geophysics
 and
 seismology

Hydrology
 and
 water
 resources

Minerology
 and
 petrology

Paleomagnetism

Paleontology

Physical
 geography

Stratigraphy
 and
 sedimentation

Surveying

Disciplines
 removed
 from
 this
 field:

• Cartography
 moved
 to
 Social
 Sciences,
 Other
 Social

Sciences.

3.

 Ocean
 Sciences
 and
 Marine
 Sciences

Biological
 oceanography

Geological
 oceanography

Marine
 biology

Marine
 oceanography

Marine
 sciences

Oceanography,
 chemical
 and
 physical

4.
 Other
 Geosciences,
 Atmospheric
 and
 Ocean
 Sciences

Other
 fields
 that
 cannot
 be
 classified
 using
 the

fields
 listed
 above.

4

Fields
 of
 R&D
 for
 the
 FY
 2016
 Higher
 Education
 Research
 and
 Development
 Survey

HERD
 2016
 Fields

Changes
 from
 FY
 2015
 HERD
 Survey

D.
 Life
 Sciences

1.

 Agricultural
 Sciences

Agricultural
 business
 and
 management

Agricultural
 chemistry

Agricultural
 economics

Agricultural
 engineering—report
 in
 Engineering

Agricultural
 production
 operations

Animal
 sciences

Applied
 horticulture
 and
 horticultural
 business

services

Aquaculture

Fishing
 and
 fisheries
 sciences
 and
 management

Food
 science
 and
 technology

Forestry

International
 agriculture

Plant
 sciences

Soil
 sciences

Wood
 science

Disciplines
 removed
 from
 this
 field:

• Conservation
 moved
 to
 Natural
 Resources
 and

Conservation.

• Renewable
 natural
 resources
 moved
 to
 Natural
 Resources

and
 Conservation.

• Landscape
 architecture
 moved
 to
 Non
 S&E
 Fields,
 Other

Non-­‐S&E
 Fields.

• All
 veterinary
 disciplines
 moved
 to
 Health
 Sciences.

Disciplines
 added
 to
 this
 field:

• Agricultural
 economics
 moved
 from
 Social
 Sciences,

Economics.

• Wood
 science
 moved
 from
 Engineering,
 Chemical

Engineering.

2.

 Biological
 and
 Biomedical
 Sciences
 (previously
 Biological
 Sciences)

Disciplines
 removed
 from
 this
 field:

Allergies
 and
 immunology

Biochemistry,
 biophysics,
 and
 molecular
 biology
  • Foods
 and
 nutrition
 studies
 moved
 to
 Non-­‐S&E
 Fields,

Other
 Non-­‐S&E
 Fields.

Biogeography

• Nutritional
 sciences
 (renamed
 Dietetics
 and
 clinical

Biology
 and
 biomedical
 sciences,
 general

nutrition
 services)
 moved
 to
 Health
 Sciences.

Biomathematics,
 bioinformatics,
 and

• Physical
 anthropology
 moved
 to
 Social
 Sciences,

computational
 biology

Anthropology.

Biotechnology

• All
 veterinary
 disciplines
 moved
 to
 Health
 Sciences.

Botany
 and
 plant
 biology

Cell,
 cellular
 biology,
 and
 anatomical
 sciences

Disciplines
 added
 to
 this
 fields:

Epidemiology,
 ecology
 and
 population
 biology

• Neurobiology
 and
 neuroscience
 moved
 from
 Health

Sciences.

Genetics

Microbiological
 sciences
 and
 immunology

Molecular
 medicine

Neurobiology
 and
 neuroscience

Pharmacology
 and
 toxicology

Physiology,
 pathology
 and
 related
 sciences

Zoology,
 animal
 biology

5

Fields
 of
 R&D
 for
 the
 FY
 2016
 Higher
 Education
 Research
 and
 Development
 Survey

HERD
 2016
 Fields

Changes
 from
 FY
 2015
 HERD
 Survey

3.

 Health
 Sciences
 (previously
 Medical
 Sciences)

Advanced,
 graduate
 dentistry
 and
 oral
 sciences

Allied
 health
 and
 medical
 assisting
 services

Bioethics,
 medical
 ethics

Clinical
 medicine
 research

Clinical/medical
 laboratory
 science/research
 and

allied
 professions

Communication
 disorders
 sciences
 and
 services

Dentistry

Dietetics
 and
 clinical
 nutrition
 services

Health
 and
 medical
 administrative
 services

Health,
 medical
 preparatory
 programs

Gerontology,
 health
 sciences

Kinesiology
 and
 exercise
 science

Medical
 clinical
 science,
 graduate
 medical

studies

Medical
 illustration
 and
 informatics

Medicine

Mental
 health

Nursing

Optometry

Osteopathic
 medicine,
 osteopathy

Pharmacy,
 pharmaceutical
 sciences,
 and

administration

Podiatric
 medicine,
 podiatry

Public
 health

Radiological
 science

Registered
 nursing,
 nursing
 administration,

nursing
 research
 and
 clinical
 nursing

Rehabilitation
 and
 therapeutic
 professions

Veterinary
 biomedical
 and
 clinical
 sciences

Veterinary
 medicine

Several
 medical
 fields
 that
 had
 been
 previously
 listed
 as

individual
 examples
 here
 have
 been
 clustered
 under
 the
 name

Clinical
 medicine
 research.

Disciplines
 removed
 from
 this
 field:

• Neurosciences
 moved
 to
 Biological
 and
 Biomedical

Sciences.

• Pharmacology
 moved
 to
 Biological
 and
 Biomedical

Sciences.

Disciplines
 added
 to
 this
 field:

• Clinical/medical
 laboratory
 technologies
 moved
 from
 Other

Life
 Sciences.

• Communication
 disorders
 sciences
 and
 services
 moved
 from

Other
 Life
 Sciences.

• Gerontology,
 health
 sciences
 moved
 from
 Other
 Life

Sciences.

• Health
 and
 medical
 administration
 services
 moved
 from

Other
 Life
 Sciences.

• Nursing
 moved
 from
 Other
 Life
 Sciences.

• Registered
 nursing,
 nursing
 administration,
 nursing
 research

and
 clinical
 nursing
 moved
 from
 Other
 Life
 Sciences.

• All
 therapy
 and
 rehabilitation
 fields
 moved
 from
 Other
 Life

Sciences.

• Nutritional
 sciences
 (renamed
 Dietetics
 and
 clinical

nutrition
 services)
 moved
 from
 Biological
 and
 Biomedical

Sciences.

• All
 Veterinary
 disciplines
 are
 now
 included
 in
 this
 field.

Subdisciplines
 may
 have
 moved
 from
 Agricultural
 Sciences

or
 Biological
 and
 Biomedical
 Sciences.

4.

 Natural
 Resources
 and
 Conservation

 NEW
 FIELD

Disciplines
 added
 to
 this
 field:

Natural
 resources
 conservation
 and
 research

• Most
 disciplines
 in
 this
 field
 moved
 from
 Agricultural

Natural
 resources
 economics

Sciences.

Natural
 resources
 management
 and
 policy

•
Natural
 resources
 economics
 moved
 from
 Social
 Sciences,

Renewable
 natural
 resources

Economics.

Wildlife
 and
 wildlands
 science
 and
 management

6

Fields
 of
 R&D
 for
 the
 FY
 2016
 Higher
 Education
 Research
 and
 Development
 Survey

HERD
 2016
 Fields

Changes
 from
 FY
 2015
 HERD
 Survey

5.

 Other
 Life
 Sciences

Other
 life
 sciences
 that
 cannot
 be
 classified

using
 the
 fields
 listed
 above

Disciplines
 removed
 from
 this
 field:

• Clinical/medical
 laboratory
 technologies
 moved
 to
 Health

Sciences.

• Communication
 disorders
 sciences
 and
 services
 moved
 to

Health
 Sciences.

• Gerontology,
 health
 sciences
 moved
 to
 Health
 Sciences.

• Health
 and
 medical
 administration
 services
 moved
 to

Health
 Sciences.

• Nursing
 moved
 to
 Health
 Sciences.

• Registered
 nursing,
 nursing
 administration,
 nursing

research
 and
 clinical
 nursing
 moved
 to
 Health
 Sciences.

• All
 therapy
 and
 rehabilitation
 fields
 moved
 to
 Health

Sciences.

E.
 Mathematics
 and
 Statistics

Disciplines
 removed
 from
 this
 field:

• Operations
 research
 moved
 to
 Engineering,
 Industrial
 and

Manufacturing
 Engineering.

Applied
 mathematics

Mathematics

Statistics

F.
 Physical
 Sciences

1.
 Astronomy
 and
 Astrophysics

Astronomy

Astrophysics

Planetary
 astronomy
 and
 science

2.
 Chemistry

(except
 Biochemistry—report
 in
 Biological
 and

Biomedical
 Sciences)

Analytical
 chemistry

Chemical
 physics

Environmental
 chemistry

Forensic
 chemistry

Inorganic
 chemistry

Organic
 chemistry

Organo-­‐metallic
 chemistry

Physical
 chemistry

Polymer
 chemistry

Theoretical
 chemistry

Disciplines
 removed
 from
 this
 field:

• Pharmaceutical
 chemistry
 moved
 to
 Life
 Sciences,
 Health

Sciences.

Disciplines
 added
 to
 this
 field:

• Chemical
 physics
 moved
 from
 Physics.

3.
 Materials
 Science

 NEW
 FIELD

Disciplines
 added
 to
 this
 field:

Materials
 chemistry

• Materials
 science
 moved
 from
 Engineering,
 Metallurgical

Materials
 science

and
 Materials
 Engineering.

7

Fields
 of
 R&D
 for
 the
 FY
 2016
 Higher
 Education
 Research
 and
 Development
 Survey

HERD
 2016
 Fields

Changes
 from
 FY
 2015
 HERD
 Survey

4.
 Physics

Disciplines
 removed
 from
 this
 field:

• Chemical
 physics
 moved
 to
 Chemistry.

Acoustics

Atomic,
 molecular
 physics

Condensed
 matter
 and
 materials
 physics

Elementary
 particle
 physics

Mathematical
 physics

Nuclear
 physics

Optics,
 optical
 sciences

Plasma,
 high-­‐temperature
 physics

Theoretical
 physics

5.
 Other
 Physical
 Sciences

Other
 physical
 sciences
 that
 cannot
 be
 classified

using
 the
 fields
 listed
 above

G.
 Psychology

Clinical
 psychology

Counseling
 and
 applied
 psychology

Human
 development

Research
 and
 experimental
 psychology

Disciplines
 removed
 from
 this
 field:

• Animal
 behavior,
 part
 of
 Zoology,
 moved
 to
 Life
 Sciences,

Biological
 and
 Biomedical
 Sciences.

• Art
 therapy,
 part
 of
 Rehabilitation
 and
 therapeutic

professions,
 moved
 to
 Life
 Sciences,
 Health
 Sciences

H.
 Social
 Sciences

1.

 Anthropology

 NEW
 FIELD

Disciplines
 added
 to
 this
 field:

Cultural
 anthropology

• Cultural
 anthropology
 moved
 from
 Sociology,
 Demography

Medical
 anthropology

and
 Population
 Studies.

Physical
 and
 biological
 anthropology

•
Physical
 and
 biological
 anthropology
 moved
 from
 Life

Sciences,
 Biological
 and
 Biomedical
 Sciences.

2.

 Economics

Applied
 economics

Business
 development

Development
 economics
 and
 international

development

Econometrics
 and
 quantitative
 economics

Industrial
 economics

International
 economics

Labor
 economics

Managerial
 economics

Public
 finance
 and
 fiscal
 policy

Disciplines
 removed
 from
 the
 field:

• Agricultural
 economics
 moved
 to
 Life
 Sciences,
 Agricultural

Sciences.

• Resource
 economics
 moved
 to
 Life
 Sciences,
 Natural

Resources
 and
 Conservation.

8

Fields
 of
 R&D
 for
 the
 FY
 2016
 Higher
 Education
 Research
 and
 Development
 Survey

HERD
 2016
 Fields

Changes
 from
 FY
 2015
 HERD
 Survey

3.

 Political
 Science
 and
 Government

Comparative
 government

Government

Legal
 systems

Political
 economy

Political
 science

Political
 theory

4.

 Sociology,
 Demography,
 and
 Population
 Studies

Disciplines
 removed
 from
 this
 field:

• International
 relations
 and
 affairs
 moved
 to
 Other
 Social

Sciences.

• Public
 policy
 analysis
 moved
 to
 Other
 Social
 Sciences.

• Public
 administration
 has
 moved
 to
 Non-­‐S&E
 Fields,
 Other

Non-­‐S&E
 fields.

• Regional
 studies
 moved
 to
 Other
 Social
 Sciences.

Disciplines
 removed
 from
 the
 field:

• All
 subdisciplines
 of
 anthropology
 moved
 to
 Anthropology.

Comparative
 and
 historical
 sociology

Complex
 organizations

Cultural
 and
 social
 structure

Demography
 and
 population
 studies

Group
 interactions

Rural
 sociology

Social
 problems
 and
 welfare
 theory

Sociology

5.
 Other
 Social
 Sciences

Archeology

Area,
 ethnic,
 cultural,
 gender,
 and
 group
 studies

Cartography

City,
 urban,
 community
 and
 regional
 planning

Criminal
 science
 and
 corrections

Criminology

Geography

Gerontology,
 social
 sciences

International
 relations
 and
 national
 security

studies

Linguistics

Public
 policy
 analysis

Regional
 studies

Urban
 studies,
 affairs

Disciplines
 added
 to
 this
 field:

• Cartography
 moved
 from
 Geosciences,
 Atmospheric,
 and

Ocean
 Sciences,
 Geological
 and
 Earth
 Science.

• International
 relations
 and
 affairs
 moved
 from
 Political

Science
 and
 Government.

• Public
 policy
 analysis
 moved
 from
 Political
 Science
 and

Government.

• Regional
 studies
 moved
 from
 Political
 Science
 and

Government.

Disciplines
 removed
 from
 this
 field:

• History
 of
 science
 moved
 to
 Non-­‐S&E
 Fields,
 Humanities.

I.
 Other
 Sciences

Use
 this
 category
 for
 R&D
 that
 involves
 at
 least

one
 S&E
 field
 (rows
 A–H)
 if
 it
 is
 impossible
 to

report
 multidisciplinary
 or
 interdisciplinary
 R&D

expenditures
 in
 specific
 fields.

9

Fields
 of
 R&D
 for
 the
 FY
 2016
 Higher
 Education
 Research
 and
 Development
 Survey

HERD
 2016
 Fields

Changes
 from
 FY
 2015
 HERD
 Survey

J.
 Non-­‐S&E
 Fields

1.
 Education

Education
 administration
 and
 supervision

Education
 research

Teacher
 education,
 specific
 levels
 and
 methods

Teaching
 fields

2.
 Law

Law

Legal
 studies

3.
 Humanities

English
 language
 and
 literature,
 letters

Foreign
 languages
 and
 literatures

History,
 including
 history
 and
 philosophy
 of

science
 and
 technology

Humanities,
 general

Liberal
 arts
 and
 sciences

Philosophy
 and
 religious
 studies

Theology
 and
 religious
 vocations

Disciplines
 added
 to
 this
 field:

• History
 of
 science
 moved
 from
 Social
 Science,
 Other
 Social

Sciences.

4.
 Visual
 and
 Performing
 Arts

Drama,
 theatre
 arts
 and
 stagecraft

Film,
 video,
 and
 photographic
 arts

Fine
 and
 studio
 arts

Music

5.
 Business
 Management
 and
 Business
 Administration
 (previously
 Business
 and
 Management)

Disciplines
 added
 to
 this
 field:

Business
 administration

• Management
 information
 systems
 moved
 from
 Computer

Business
 management

and
 Information
 Sciences.

Business,
 managerial
 economics

Management
 information
 systems
 and
 services

Marketing
 management
 and
 research

6.
 Communication
 and
 Communications
 Technologies
 (previously
 Communication,
 journalism,
 and
 library
 science)

Disciplines
 removed
 from
 this
 field:

Communication
 and
 media
 studies

• Library
 science
 moved
 to
 Other
 Non-­‐S&E
 Fields.

Communications
 technologies

Journalism

Radio,
 television,
 and
 digital
 communication

7.
 Social
 Work

(no
 specific
 examples)

10

Fields
 of
 R&D
 for
 the
 FY
 2016
 Higher
 Education
 Research
 and
 Development
 Survey

HERD
 2016
 Fields

Changes
 from
 FY
 2015
 HERD
 Survey

8.
 Other
 Non-­‐S&E
 Fields

Architecture

Family,
 consumer
 sciences
 and
 human
 sciences

Foods,
 nutrition,
 and
 wellness
 studies

Landscape
 architecture

Library
 science

Military
 technology
 and
 applied
 science

Parks,
 sports,
 recreation,
 leisure
 and
 fitness

Public
 administration
 and
 public
 affairs

Other
 non-­‐S&E
 fields
 that
 cannot
 be
 classified

using
 the
 fields
 listed
 above

Disciplines
 added
 to
 this
 field:

• Architecture
 moved
 from
 Engineering,
 Civil
 Engineering.

• Food
 and
 nutrition
 studies
 moved
 from
 Life
 Sciences,

Biological
 and
 Biomedical
 Sciences.

• Landscape
 architecture
 moved
 from
 Life
 Sciences,

Agricultural
 Sciences.

• Library
 science
 moved
 from
 Communication
 and

Communication
 Technologies.

• Public
 administration
 moved
 from
 Social
 Sciences,
 Political

Science
 and
 Government.

Also,
 use
 this
 category
 for
 R&D
 that
 involves

multiple
 non-­‐S&E
 fields
 if
 it
 is
 impossible
 to

report
 multidisciplinary
 or
 interdisciplinary
 R&D

expenditures
 in
 specific
 fields.

11

Fields
 of
 R&D
 for
 the
 FY
 2016
 Higher
 Education

Research
 and
 Development
 Survey

A.
 Computer
 and
 Information
 Sciences

Artificial
 intelligence

Computer
 and
 information
 technology
 administration
 and
 management

Computer
 science

Computer
 software
 and
 media
 applications

Computer
 systems
 analysis

Computer
 systems
 networking
 and
 telecommunications

Data
 processing

Information
 sciences,
 studies

Information
 technology

Management
 information
 systems
 (moved
 to
 Non-­‐S&E
 Fields,
 Business

Management
 and
 Business
 Administration)

B.
 Engineering

1. Aerospace,
 Aeronautical,
 and
 Astronautical
 Engineering

Aerodynamics

Aerospace
 engineering

Space
 technology

2. Bioengineering
 and
 Biomedical
 Engineering

Biological
 and
 biosystems
 engineering

Biomaterials
 engineering

Biomedical
 technology

Medical
 engineering

3. Chemical
 Engineering

Biochemical
 engineering

Chemical
 and
 biomolecular
 engineering

Engineering
 chemistry

Paper
 science

Petroleum
 engineering
 (moved
 to
 Other
 Engineering)

Petroleum
 refining
 process

Polymer,
 plastics
 engineering

Wood
 science
 (moved
 to
 Life
 Sciences,
 Agricultural
 Sciences)

4. Civil
 Engineering

Architectural
 engineering

Architecture
 (moved
 to
 Non-­‐S&E
 Fields,
 Other
 Non-­‐S&E
 Fields)

Construction
 engineering

Engineering
 management,
 administration

Environmental,
 environmental
 health
 engineering

Geotechnical
 and
 geoenvironmental
 engineering

Sanitary
 engineering

1

Fields
 of
 R&D
 for
 the
 FY
 2016
 Higher
 Education

Research
 and
 Development
 Survey

Structural
 engineering

Surveying
 engineering

Transportation
 and
 highway
 engineering

Water
 resources
 engineering

5. Electrical,
 Electronic,
 and
 Communications
 Engineering

Communications
 engineering

Computer
 engineering

Computer
 hardware
 engineering

Computer
 software
 engineering

Electrical
 and
 electronics
 engineering

Laser
 and
 optical
 engineering

Power

Telecommunications
 engineering

6. (NEW)
 Industrial
 and
 Manufacturing
 Engineering

Industrial
 engineering
 (moved
 from
 Other
 Engineering)

Manufacturing
 engineering
 (moved
 from
 Other
 Engineering)

Operations
 research
 (moved
 from
 Mathematics
 and
 Statistics)

Systems
 engineering
 (moved
 from
 Other
 Engineering)

7. Mechanical
 Engineering

Electromechanical
 engineering

Engineering
 mechanics
 (moved
 to
 Other
 Engineering)

Mechatronics,
 robotics,
 and
 automation
 engineering

8. Metallurgical
 and
 Materials
 Engineering

Ceramic
 sciences
 and
 engineering

Geophysical,
 geological
 engineering

Materials
 engineering

Materials
 science
 (moved
 to
 Physical
 Sciences,
 Materials
 Science)

Metallurgical
 engineering

Mining
 and
 mineral
 engineering

Textile
 sciences
 and
 engineering

Welding

9. Other
 Engineering

Agricultural
 engineering

Engineering
 design

Engineering
 mechanics,
 physics,
 and
 science
 (moved
 from
 Mechanical

Engineering)

Forest
 engineering

Industrial
 engineering
 (moved
 to
 Industrial
 and
 Manufacturing
 Engineering)

Manufacturing
 engineering
 (moved
 to
 Industrial
 and
 Manufacturing

Engineering)

Nanotechnology

Naval
 architecture
 and
 marine
 engineering

2

Fields
 of
 R&D
 for
 the
 FY
 2016
 Higher
 Education

Research
 and
 Development
 Survey

Nuclear
 engineering

Ocean
 engineering

Petroleum
 engineering
 (moved
 from
 Chemical
 Engineering)

Systems
 engineering
 (moved
 to
 Industrial
 and
 Manufacturing
 Engineering)

Other
 engineering
 fields
 that
 cannot
 be
 classified
 using
 the
 fields
 above

C.
 Geosciences,
 Atmospheric,
 and
 Ocean
 Sciences

(previously
 Environmental
 Sciences)

1. Atmospheric
 Science
 and
 Meteorology

Aeronomy

Atmospheric
 chemistry
 and
 climatology

Atmospheric
 physics
 and
 dynamics

Extraterrestrial
 atmospheres

Meteorology

Solar

Weather
 modification

2. Geological
 and
 Earth
 Sciences

Cartography
 (moved
 to
 Social
 Sciences,
 Other
 Social
 Sciences)

Earth
 and
 planetary
 sciences

Geochemistry

Geodesy
 and
 gravity

Geology

Geomagnetism

Geophysics
 and
 seismology

Hydrology
 and
 water
 resources

Minerology
 and
 petrology

Paleomagnetism

Paleontology

Physical
 geography

Stratigraphy
 and
 sedimentation

Surveying

3. Ocean
 Sciences
 and
 Marine
 Sciences

Biological
 oceanography

Geological
 oceanography

Marine
 biology

Marine
 oceanography

Marine
 sciences

Oceanography,
 chemical
 and
 physical

4. Other
 Geosciences,
 Atmospheric
 and
 Ocean
 Sciences

Other
 fields
 that
 cannot
 be
 classified
 using
 the
 fields
 listed
 above

D.
 Life
 Sciences

3

Fields
 of
 R&D
 for
 the
 FY
 2016
 Higher
 Education

Research
 and
 Development
 Survey

1. Agricultural
 Sciences

Agricultural
 business
 and
 management

Agricultural
 chemistry

Agricultural
 economics
 (moved
 from
 Social
 Sciences,
 Economics)

Agricultural
 engineering—report
 in
 Engineering

Agricultural
 production
 operations

Animal
 sciences

Applied
 horticulture
 and
 horticultural
 business
 services

Aquaculture

Conservation
 (moved
 to
 Natural
 Resources
 and
 Conservation)

Fishing
 and
 fisheries
 sciences
 and
 management

Food
 science
 and
 technology

Forestry

International
 agriculture

Landscape
 architecture
 (moved
 to
 Non
 S&E
 Fields,
 Other
 Non-­‐S&E
 Fields)

Plant
 sciences

Renewable
 natural
 resources
 (moved
 to
 Natural
 Resources
 and
 Conservation)

Soil
 sciences

Veterinary
 medicine
 (moved
 to
 Health
 Sciences)

Wood
 science
 (moved
 from
 Engineering,
 Chemical
 Engineering)

2. Biological
 and
 Biomedical
 Sciences
 (previously
 Biological

Sciences)

Allergies
 and
 immunology

Biochemistry,
 biophysics,
 and
 molecular
 biology

Biogeography

Biology
 and
 biomedical
 sciences,
 general

Biomathematics,
 bioinformatics,
 and
 computational
 biology

Biotechnology

Botany
 and
 plant
 biology

Cell,
 cellular
 biology,
 and
 anatomical
 sciences

Epidemiology,
 ecology
 and
 population
 biology

Foods
 and
 nutrition
 studies
 (moved
 to
 Non-­‐S&E
 Fields,
 Other
 Non-­‐S&E
 Fields)

Genetics

Microbiological
 sciences
 and
 immunology

Molecular
 medicine

Neurobiology
 and
 neuroscience
 (moved
 from
 Health
 Sciences)

Nutritional
 sciences
 (renamed
 Dietetics
 and
 clinical
 nutrition
 services
 and

moved
 to
 Health
 Sciences)

Pharmacology
 and
 toxicology

Physical
 anthropology
 (moved
 to
 Social
 Sciences,
 Anthropology)

Physiology,
 pathology
 and
 related
 sciences

Veterinary
 medicine
 (moved
 to
 Health
 Sciences)

Zoology,
 animal
 biology

4

Fields
 of
 R&D
 for
 the
 FY
 2016
 Higher
 Education

Research
 and
 Development
 Survey

3. Health
 Sciences
 (previously
 Medical
 Sciences)

Advanced,
 graduate
 dentistry
 and
 oral
 sciences

Allied
 health
 and
 medical
 assisting
 services

Bioethics,
 medical
 ethics

Clinical/medical
 laboratory
 science/research
 and
 allied
 professions

(moved
 from
 Other
 Life
 Sciences)

Clinical
 medicine
 research
 (includes
 several
 medical
 fields
 that
 had
 been

previously
 listed
 separately)

Communication
 disorders
 sciences
 and
 services
 (moved
 from
 Other
 Life

Sciences)

Dentistry

Dietetics
 and
 clinical
 nutrition
 services
 (previously
 Nutritional
 sciences;

moved
 from
 Biological
 and
 Biomedical
 Sciences)

Gerontology,
 health
 sciences
 (moved
 from
 Other
 Life
 Sciences)

Health
 and
 medical
 administrative
 services
 (moved
 from
 Other
 Life

Sciences)

Health,
 medical
 preparatory
 programs

Kinesiology
 and
 exercise
 science

Medical
 clinical
 science,
 graduate
 medical
 studies

Medical
 illustration
 and
 informatics

Medicine

Mental
 health

Neurosciences
 (moved
 to
 Biological
 and
 Biomedical
 Sciences)

Nursing
 (moved
 from
 Other
 Life
 Sciences)

Optometry

Osteopathic
 medicine,
 osteopathy

Pharmacology
 (moved
 to
 Biological
 and
 Biomedical
 Sciences)

Pharmacy,
 pharmaceutical
 sciences,
 and
 administration

Podiatric
 medicine,
 podiatry

Public
 health

Radiological
 science

Registered
 nursing,
 nursing
 administration,
 nursing
 research
 and

clinical
 nursing
 (moved
 from
 Other
 Life
 Sciences)

Rehabilitation
 and
 therapeutic
 professions
 (Some
 subdisciplines
 moved

from
 Other
 Life
 Sciences.)

Veterinary
 biomedical
 and
 clinical
 sciences

Veterinary
 medicine
 (Some
 subdisciplines
 moved
 from
 Agricultural
 Sciences

or
 Biological
 and
 Biomedical
 Sciences.)

4. (NEW)
 Natural
 Resources
 and
 Conservation

Natural
 resources
 conservation
 and
 research
 (moved
 from
 Agricultural

Sciences)

Natural
 resources
 economics
 (moved
 from
 Social
 Sciences,
 Economics)

Natural
 resources
 management
 and
 policy

5

Fields
 of
 R&D
 for
 the
 FY
 2016
 Higher
 Education

Research
 and
 Development
 Survey

Renewable
 natural
 resources
 (moved
 from
 Agricultural
 Sciences)

Wildlife
 and
 wildlands
 science
 and
 management

5. Other
 Life
 Sciences

Clinical/medical
 laboratory
 technologies
 (moved
 to
 Health
 Sciences)

Communication
 disorders
 sciences
 and
 services
 (moved
 to
 Health
 Sciences)

Gerontology,
 health
 sciences
 (moved
 to
 Health
 Sciences)

Health
 and
 medical
 administrative
 services
 (moved
 to
 Health
 Sciences)

Nursing
 (moved
 to
 Health
 Sciences)

Occupational
 therapy
 (part
 of
 Rehabilitation
 and
 therapeutic
 professions;

moved
 to
 Health
 Sciences)

Physical
 therapy
 (part
 of
 Rehabilitation
 and
 therapeutic
 professions;
 moved
 to

Health
 Sciences)

Registered
 nursing,
 nursing
 administration,
 nursing
 research
 and
 clinical

nursing
 (moved
 to
 Health
 Sciences)

Rehabilitation
 services
 (part
 of
 Rehabilitation
 and
 therapeutic
 professions;

moved
 to
 Health
 Sciences)

Therapeutic
 services
 (part
 of
 Rehabilitation
 and
 therapeutic
 professions;

moved
 to
 Health
 Sciences)

Other
 life
 sciences
 that
 cannot
 be
 classified
 using
 the
 fields
 listed
 above

E.
 Mathematics
 and
 Statistics

Applied
 mathematics

Mathematics

Operations
 research
 (moved
 to
 Engineering,
 Industrial
 and
 Manufacturing

Engineering)

Statistics

F.
 Physical
 Sciences

1. Astronomy
 and
 Astrophysics

Astronomy

Astrophysics

Planetary
 astronomy
 and
 science

2. Chemistry
 (except
 Biochemistry—report
 in
 Biological
 and

Biomedical
 Sciences)

Analytical
 chemistry

Chemical
 physics
 (moved
 from
 Physics)

Environmental
 chemistry

Forensic
 chemistry

Inorganic
 chemistry

Organic
 chemistry

Organo-­‐metallic
 chemistry

Pharmaceutical
 chemistry
 (moved
 to
 Life
 Sciences,
 Health
 Sciences)

Physical
 chemistry

6

Fields
 of
 R&D
 for
 the
 FY
 2016
 Higher
 Education

Research
 and
 Development
 Survey

Polymer
 chemistry

Theoretical
 chemistry

3. (NEW)
 Materials
 Science

Materials
 chemistry

Materials
 science
 (moved
 from
 Engineering,
 Metallurgical
 and
 Materials

Engineering)

4. Physics

Acoustics

Atomic,
 molecular
 physics

Chemical
 physics
 (moved
 to
 Chemistry)

Condensed
 matter
 and
 materials
 physics

Elementary
 particle
 physics

Mathematical
 physics

Nuclear
 physics

Optics,
 optical
 sciences

Plasma,
 high-­‐temperature
 physics

Theoretical
 physics

5. Other
 Physical
 Sciences

Other
 physical
 sciences
 that
 cannot
 be
 classified
 using
 the
 fields
 listed
 above

G.
 Psychology

Animal
 behavior
 (part
 of
 Zoology;
 moved
 to
 Life
 Sciences,
 Biological
 and

Biomedical
 Sciences)

Art
 therapy
 (part
 of
 Rehabilitation
 and
 therapeutic
 professions;
 moved
 to
 Life

Sciences,
 Health
 Sciences)

Clinical
 psychology

Counseling
 and
 applied
 psychology

Human
 development

Research
 and
 experimental
 psychology

H.
 Social
 Sciences

1. (NEW)
 Anthropology

Cultural
 anthropology
 (moved
 from
 Sociology,
 Demography,
 and
 Population

Studies)

Medical
 anthropology

Physical
 and
 biological
 anthropology
 (moved
 from
 Life
 Sciences,
 Biological

and
 Biomedical
 Sciences)

2. Economics

Agricultural
 economics
 (moved
 to
 Life
 Sciences,
 Agricultural
 Sciences)

Applied
 economics

Business
 development

Development
 economics
 and
 international
 development

Econometrics
 and
 quantitative
 economics

7

Fields
 of
 R&D
 for
 the
 FY
 2016
 Higher
 Education

Research
 and
 Development
 Survey

Industrial
 economics

International
 economics

Labor
 economics

Managerial
 economics

Public
 finance
 and
 fiscal
 policy

Resource
 economics
 (moved
 to
 Life
 Sciences,
 Natural
 Resources
 and

Conservation)

3. Political
 Science
 and
 Government

Comparative
 government

Government

International
 relations
 and
 affairs
 (moved
 to
 Other
 Social
 Sciences)

Legal
 systems

Political
 economy

Political
 science

Political
 theory

Public
 administration
 (moved
 to
 Non-­‐S&E
 Fields,
 Other
 Non-­‐S&E
 fields)

Public
 policy
 analysis
 (moved
 to
 Other
 Social
 Sciences)

Regional
 studies
 (moved
 to
 Other
 Social
 Sciences)

4. Sociology,
 Demography,
 and
 Population
 Studies

Anthropology,
 cultural
 and
 social
 (moved
 to
 Anthropology)

Comparative
 and
 historical
 sociology

Complex
 organizations

Cultural
 and
 social
 structure

Demography
 and
 population
 studies

Group
 interactions

Rural
 sociology

Social
 problems
 and
 welfare
 theory

Sociology

5. Other
 Social
 Sciences

Archeology

Area,
 ethnic,
 cultural,
 gender,
 and
 group
 studies

Cartography
 (moved
 from
 Geosciences,
 Atmospheric,
 and
 Ocean
 Sciences,

Geological
 and
 Earth
 Sciences)

City,
 urban,
 community
 and
 regional
 planning

Criminal
 science
 and
 corrections

Criminology

Geography

Gerontology,
 social
 sciences

History
 of
 science
 (moved
 to
 Non-­‐S&E
 Fields,
 Humanities)

International
 relations
 and
 national
 security
 studies
 (moved
 from

Political
 Science
 and
 Government)

Linguistics

Public
 policy
 analysis
 (moved
 from
 Political
 Science
 and
 Government)

8

Fields
 of
 R&D
 for
 the
 FY
 2016
 Higher
 Education

Research
 and
 Development
 Survey

Regional
 studies
 (moved
 from
 Political
 Science
 and
 Government)

Urban
 studies,
 affairs

I.
 Other
 Sciences

Use
 this
 category
 for
 R&D
 that
 involves
 at
 least
 one
 S&E
 field
 (rows
 A–H)
 if
 it

is
 impossible
 to
 report
 multidisciplinary
 or
 interdisciplinary
 R&D

expenditures
 in
 specific
 fields.

J.
 Non-­‐S&E
 Fields

1. Education

Education
 administration
 and
 supervision

Education
 research

Teacher
 education,
 specific
 levels
 and
 methods

Teaching
 fields

2. Law

Law

Legal
 studies

3. Humanities

English
 language
 and
 literature,
 letters

Foreign
 languages
 and
 literatures

History,
 including
 history
 and
 philosophy
 of
 science
 and
 technology

Humanities,
 general

Liberal
 arts
 and
 sciences

Philosophy
 and
 religious
 studies

Theology
 and
 religious
 vocations

4. Visual
 and
 Performing
 Arts

Drama,
 theatre
 arts
 and
 stagecraft

Film,
 video,
 and
 photographic
 arts

Fine
 and
 studio
 arts

Music

5. Business
 Management
 and
 Business
 Administration

(previously
 Business
 and
 Management)

Business
 administration

Business
 management

Business,
 managerial
 economics

Management
 information
 systems
 and
 services
 (moved
 from
 Computer

and
 Information
 Sciences)

Marketing
 management
 and
 research

6. Communication
 and
 Communications
 Technologies

(previously
 Communication,
 Journalism,
 and
 Library

Science)

9

Fields
 of
 R&D
 for
 the
 FY
 2016
 Higher
 Education

Research
 and
 Development
 Survey

Communication
 and
 media
 studies

Communications
 technologies

Journalism

Library
 science
 (moved
 to
 Other
 Non-­‐S&E
 Fields)

Radio,
 television,
 and
 digital
 communication

7. Social
 Work

(no
 specific
 examples)

8. Other
 Non-­‐S&E
 Fields

Architecture
 (moved
 from
 Engineering,
 Civil
 Engineering)

Family,
 consumer
 sciences
 and
 human
 sciences

Foods,
 nutrition,
 and
 wellness
 studies
 (moved
 from
 Life
 Sciences,
 Biological

and
 Biomedical
 Sciences)

Landscape
 architecture
 (moved
 from
 Life
 Sciences,
 Agricultural
 Sciences)

Library
 science
 (moved
 from
 Communication
 and
 Communications

Technologies)

Military
 technology
 and
 applied
 science

Parks,
 sports,
 recreation,
 leisure
 and
 fitness

Public
 administration
 and
 public
 affairs
 (moved
 from
 Social
 Sciences,

Political
 Science
 and
 Government)

Other
 non-­‐S&E
 fields
 that
 cannot
 be
 classified
 using
 the
 fields
 listed
 above

Also,
 use
 this
 category
 for
 R&D
 that
 involves
 multiple
 non-­‐S&E
 fields
 if
 it
 is

impossible
 to
 report
 multidisciplinary
 or
 interdisciplinary
 R&D
 expenditures

in
 specific
 fields.

10