11-3-2966 Purchaser Questionnaire

OMB No. 3117-0016/USITC No. 11-4-2967; Expiration Date: 6/30/2011
(No response is required if currently valid OMB control number is not displayed)

U.S. PURCHASERS’ QUESTIONNAIRE
SOLID UREA FROM RUSSIA AND UKRAINE

This questionnaire must be received by the Commission by no later than August 5, 2011
See page 4 of the Instruction Booklet for filing instructions.
The information called for in this questionnaire is for use by the United States International Trade Commission in
connection with its five year reviews of the antidumping duty orders concerning solid urea from Russia and Ukraine (inv.
No. 731-TA-340-E and 340-H (Third Review)). The information requested in the questionnaire is requested under the
authority of the Tariff Act of 1930, title VII. This report is mandatory and failure to reply as directed can result in a
subpoena or other order to compel the submission of records or information in your possession (19 U.S.C. § 1333(a)).
Further information on this questionnaire can be obtained from Samantha Warrington (202-205-2088,
samantha.warrington@usitc.gov).

Name of firm
Address
City

State

Zip Code

World Wide Web address
Has your firm purchased solid urea (as defined in the instruction booklet) from any source (domestic or foreign)
at any time since January 1, 2005?

NO

(Sign the certification below and promptly return only this page of the questionnaire to the Commission)

YES

(Read the instruction booklet carefully, complete all parts of the questionnaire, and return the entire
questionnaire to the Commission so as to be received by the date indicated above)

CERTIFICATION
I certify that the information herein supplied in response to this questionnaire is complete and correct to the best of my knowledge
and belief and understand that the information submitted is subject to audit and verification by the Commission.
By means of this certification I also grant consent for the Commission, and its employees and contract personnel, to use the
information provided in this questionnaire and throughout this proceeding in any other import-injury proceedings or reviews
conducted by the Commission on the same or similar merchandise.
I acknowledge that information submitted in this questionnaire response and throughout this proceeding may be used by the
Commission, its employees, and contract personnel who are acting in the capacity of Commission employees, for developing or
maintaining the records of this proceeding or related proceedings for which this information is submitted, or in internal audits and
proceedings relating to the programs and operations of the Commission pursuant to 5 U.S.C. Appendix 3. I understand that all
contract personnel will sign non-disclosure agreements.

Name of Authorized Official

Title of Authorized Official

Date

Phone:
Signature

E-mail address
Fax:

Business Proprietary
U.S. Purchasers’ Questionnaire – Solid Urea

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PART I.—GENERAL INFORMATION
The questions in this questionnaire have been reviewed with market participants to ensure that issues of
concern are adequately addressed and that data requests are sufficient, meaningful, and as limited as
possible. Public reporting burden for this questionnaire is estimated to average 40 hours per response,
including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering the data needed,
and completing and reviewing the questionnaire. Send comments regarding the accuracy of this burden
estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing the
burden, to samantha.warrington@usitc.gov or via the other submission options described in the
instruction booklet.
I-1a.

OMB statistics.--Please report the actual number of hours required and the cost to your firm of
preparing the reply to this questionnaire and completing the form.
hours

dollars

I-1b.

OMB feedback.--We are interested in any comments you may have for improving this
questionnaire in general or the clarity of specific questions. Please send such comments to
samantha.warrington@usitc.gov or via the other submission options described in the instruction
booklet.

I-2.

Establishments covered.--Provide the name and address of establishment(s) covered by this
questionnaire (see page 3 of the instruction booklet for reporting guidelines). If your firm is
publicly traded, please specify the stock exchange and trading symbol.

I-3.

Ownership.--Is your firm owned, in whole or in part, by any other firm?

I-4.

No

Yes--List the following information.

Firm name

Address

Extent of
ownership

Related SUBJECT importers/exporters.--Does your firm have any related firms, either
domestic or foreign, that are engaged in importing solid urea from Russia and Ukraine into the
United States or that are engaged in exporting solid urea from Russia and Ukraine to the United
States?
No

Yes--List the following information.

Firm name

Address

Affiliation

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U.S. Purchasers’ Questionnaire – Solid Urea

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PART I.--GENERAL INFORMATION--Continued
I-5.

Related NONSUBJECT importers/exporters.--Does your firm have any related firms, either
domestic or foreign, that are engaged in importing solid urea from countries other than Russia and
Ukraine into the United States or that are engaged in exporting solid urea from countries other
than Russia and Ukraine to the United States?
No

Yes--List the following information.

Firm name and country

I-6.

I-7.

Affiliation

Related producers.--Does your firm have any related firms, either domestic or foreign, that are
engaged in the production of solid urea?
No

Yes--List the following information.

Firm name

Address

Affiliation

Business plan.--Does your company or any related firm have a business plan or any internal
documents that describe, discuss, or analyze expected market conditions for solid urea?
No

I-8.

Address

Yes--Please provide the requested documents. If you are not providing the
requested documents, please explain why not.

Market studies.--Please provide as a separate attachment any studies, surveys, etc. that you are
aware of that quantify and/or discuss solid urea supply (including production capacity and
capacity utilization) and demand in (1) the United States, (2) each of the other major
producing/consuming countries, including Russia and Ukraine, and (3) the world as a whole. Of
particular interest is such data from 2005 to the present and forecasts for the future.

Business Proprietary
U.S. Purchasers’ Questionnaire – Solid Urea

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PART II.--PURCHASES
II-1.

Purchases.--Report, as indicated below, your firm’s purchases (either directly or through a sales
agent or broker) of solid urea. Report based on delivery date, not order date. Estimates are
acceptable.
Quantity (in short tons (dry, 100-percent urea basis)) and value (in $1,000)

Item
2005
2006
Purchases of solid urea produced in-The United States:
Quantity
Value
Russia:
Quantity
Value
Ukraine:
Quantity
Value
All other countries:1
Quantity
Value
1
Please identify these countries:

II-2.

2007

2008

2009

2010

Jan.–June
2011

Changes in purchasing patterns.-- Indicate how the relative levels of your firm’s purchases of
solid urea from different sources (both domestic and foreign) have changed since 2005.
Source of
purchases

United States

Russia

Ukraine

All other
countries

Trend
Decreased
Increased
Constant
Fluctuated
Did not purchase
Decreased
Increased
Constant
Fluctuated
Did not purchase
Decreased
Increased
Constant
Fluctuated
Did not purchase
Decreased
Increased
Constant
Fluctuated
Did not purchase

Explanation for trend

Business Proprietary
U.S. Purchasers’ Questionnaire – Solid Urea

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PART II.--PURCHASES--Continued
II-3.

Purchases from one country only.--If your firm has purchased solid urea from only one country,
please explain the reasons for doing so.

II-4.

Supplier identification.--Please identify below the names and addresses of your firm’s FIVE
largest suppliers for solid urea since 2005. Please also provide the name and telephone number of
a contact person and the share of the quantity of your firm’s total purchases of solid urea that each
of these suppliers accounted for in 2010.
Supplier’s
name

No.

City and state

Contact person

Share of
Telephone number
2010
or e-mail address purchases
(%)

1

%

2

%

3

%

4

%

5

%

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U.S. Purchasers’ Questionnaire – Solid Urea

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PART III.-- MARKET CHARACTERISTICS AND PURCHASING PRACTICES
III-1.

Firm type.--Which of the following best describes your firm as a purchaser of solid urea?
Dealer (Describe:
Distributor (Describe:
End user (Describe:
Trader (Describe:
Other (Describe:

III-2.

)
)
)
)
)

Competition for sales.--If you are a distributor or reseller of solid urea, do you compete for sales
to your customers with the manufacturers or importers from which you purchase solid urea?
No

Yes--Please describe.

III-3.

Types of customers.--If your firm is a distributor or reseller of solid urea, what are the major
types of consumers to which you sell solid urea?

III-4.

End uses.--If your firm is an end user of solid urea, list in order of quantity of solid urea
consumed, the top 3 products for which your firm purchases solid urea as a component part or
input. Please indicate what percentage of the total cost is accounted for by solid urea and other
inputs.
Share of total cost in each of the product(s)
you produce accounted for by:
Product(s) you
produce

Solid urea (percent)

Other inputs (percent)

Total

1.

%

%

100%

2.

%

%

100%

3.

%

%

100%

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PART III.-- MARKET CHARACTERISTICS AND PURCHASING PRACTICES--Continued
III-5.

Demand for end use products.-(a)

If your firm is an end user of solid urea, has the demand for your firm’s final products
incorporating solid urea changed since 2005?
Increased

(b)

Decreased

Yes--Please describe.

Changes in end uses.--Have there been any changes in the end uses of solid urea since 2005?
No

III-7.

No change

Has this had any effect on your firm’s demand for solid urea?
No—Please explain.

III-6.

Fluctuated

Yes--Please describe.

Anticipated changes in end uses.--Do you anticipate any changes in terms of the end uses of
solid urea?
No

Yes--Please describe.

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U.S. Purchasers’ Questionnaire – Solid Urea

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PART III.-- MARKET CHARACTERISTICS AND PURCHASING PRACTICES--Continued
III-8.

Substitutes.--Can other products be substituted for solid urea?
No

Substitute
product

Yes--Please fill out the table below.

Applications/end
uses in which this
product can be
substituted for urea

Factors that limit the
Have changes in the prices of
extent to which this
this substitute affected the price
product may serve as a
of solid urea since January 1,
substitute
2005?

No

1.

Yes

Please explain-No

2.

Yes

Please explain-No

3.

Yes

Please explain-Additional comments regarding substitute products:

III-9.

Changes in substitutes.--Have there been any changes in the number or types of products that
can be substituted for solid urea since 2005?
No

Yes--Please explain.

III-10. Anticipated changes in substitutes.--Do you anticipate any changes in terms of the
substitutability of other products for solid urea?
No

Yes--Please describe.

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U.S. Purchasers’ Questionnaire – Solid Urea

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PART III.-- MARKET CHARACTERISTICS AND PURCHASING PRACTICES--Continued
III-11. Demand trends.-- How has the demand for solid urea changed within and outside the United
States since January 1, 2005? What principal factors affect these changes in demand?
(a) Demand within the United States:
Increased

No change

Decreased

Fluctuated

Unknown

Decreased

Fluctuated

Unknown

Factors:

(b) Demand outside the United States:
Increased

No change

Factors:

III-12. Anticipated demand trends.-- How do you anticipate demand for solid urea will change in the
future? What principal factors will affect these changes in demand?
(a) Anticipated demand within the United States
In 2011 and 2012:

Increase

No change

Decrease

Fluctuate

Unknown

Factors:

After 2012:

Increase

No change

Decrease

Fluctuate

Unknown

Factors:

(b) Anticipated demand outside the United States
In 2011 and 2012:

Increase

No change

Decrease

Fluctuate

Unknown

Factors:

After 2012:
Factors:

Increase

No change

Decrease

Fluctuate

Unknown

Business Proprietary
U.S. Purchasers’ Questionnaire – Solid Urea

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PART III.-- MARKET CHARACTERISTICS AND PURCHASING PRACTICES--Continued
III-13. Changes in factors affecting supply.--Have any changes occurred in any other factors affecting
supply (e.g., changes in availability or prices of energy or labor; transportation conditions;
production capacity and/or methods of production; technology; export markets; or alternative
production opportunities) that affected the availability of U.S.-produced solid urea in the U.S.
market since 2005?
No

Yes--Please note the time period(s) of any such changes, the factor(s)
involved, and the impact such changes had on your shipment volumes
and prices.

III-14. Importance of purchasing domestic product.--Is buying a product that is produced in the
United States an important factor in your firm’s purchases of solid urea (check ALL that apply)?
No
Yes-- Purchases of domestic product are required by law or regulation (for example,
government purchases under “Buy American” provisions). This involves
percent
of all our purchases of solid urea.
Yes--Purchases of domestic product are not required by law or regulation, but are by our
customers. This involves
percent of all our purchases of solid urea.
Yes--Purchases of domestic product are required for other reasons (please specify these
reasons below). This involves
percent of all our purchases of solid urea.

III-15. Conditions of competition.-(a)

Is the solid urea market subject to business cycles or conditions of competition other than
the changes in the overall economy?
No

(b)

Yes--Please explain and estimate the duration of any such cycle.

Have the business cycles or conditions of competition for solid urea changed since 2005?
No

Yes--Please explain any such changes.

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U.S. Purchasers’ Questionnaire – Solid Urea

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PART III.-- MARKET CHARACTERISTICS AND PURCHASING PRACTICES--Continued
III-16. Decisions based on producer.--Does your firm, and to the extent that you know, do your
customers make purchasing decisions involving solid urea based on the producer of the solid urea
you purchase?
Your firm:

Always

Usually

Sometimes

Never

Your customers:

Always

Usually

Sometimes

Never

If at least sometimes, please discuss how your firm or your customers determine the producer and
why this information is important.
Your firm:

Your customers:

III-17. Decisions based on country-of-origin.--Does your firm, and to the extent that you know, do
your customers make purchasing decisions involving solid urea based on the country of origin of
the solid urea you purchase?
Your firm:

Always

Usually

Sometimes

Never

Your customers:

Always

Usually

Sometimes

Never

If at least sometimes, please discuss how your firm or your customers determine the source and
why this information is important.
Your firm:

Your customers:

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U.S. Purchasers’ Questionnaire – Solid Urea

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PART III.-- MARKET CHARACTERISTICS AND PURCHASING PRACTICES--Continued
III-18. Purchasing frequency.-(a)

How frequently do you make purchases?
Daily

Weekly

Other (specify:
(b)

Monthly

Quarterly

Annually

)

Do you expect this purchasing pattern to change in the next two years?
No

Yes-- How and why do you expect these changes to occur?

III-19. Number of suppliers contacted.--How many suppliers do you generally contact before making a
purchase?
firms
III-20. Supplier negotiations.-(a)

Do purchases of solid urea usually involve negotiations between supplier and purchaser?
No

(b)

Yes--Please describe these negotiations. In your response, please
comment on whether purchasers generally quote competing
prices as part of the negotiation process.

Does your firm tend to vary its purchases from a given supplier within a specified time
period based on the price offered for that period?
No

Yes--Specify the time period.

III-21. Change in suppliers.--Have you changed suppliers since 2005?
No

Yes--Please list the supplier or suppliers and indicate whether the firm was
added or dropped as a supplier. Also give the reasons for the change
and how frequently you change suppliers.

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U.S. Purchasers’ Questionnaire – Solid Urea

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PART III.-- MARKET CHARACTERISTICS AND PURCHASING PRACTICES--Continued
III-22. New suppliers.-(a)

Are you aware of any new suppliers, either foreign or domestic, that have entered the
market since 2005?
No

(b)

Yes--Please identify the firms.

Do you expect new solid urea suppliers to enter the U.S. market?
No

Yes--Please provide details.

III-23. Supplier qualification
(a)

Do you require your suppliers to be or to become certified or qualified to sell solid urea
to your firm?
No

Yes--

percent of value of purchases in 2010

Yes--all purchases

(b)

Please provide a general description of the certification or qualification process. Briefly
describe the factors that you consider when qualifying a new supplier (e.g., quality of
product, reliability of supplier, etc.)

(c)

How long does it take to qualify a new supplier?

days.

III-24. Failure to certify.--Since 2005, have any domestic or foreign producers failed in their attempts to
certify or qualify their solid urea with your firm or have any producers lost their approved status?
No

Yes--Please identify these firms, the countries where they are located, and the
reasons why they failed the certification/qualification.

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U.S. Purchasers’ Questionnaire – Solid Urea

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PART III.-- MARKET CHARACTERISTICS AND PURCHASING PRACTICES--Continued
III-25. Purchasing factors.--For the factors listed below, please rate each in terms of its importance in
your purchase decision for solid urea.
Very
important

Somewhat
important

Not
important

Availability .......................................
Delivery terms .................................
Delivery time ...................................
Discounts offered ............................
Extension of credit...........................
Price ................................................
Minimum qty requirements ..............
Packaging .......................................
Product consistency ........................
Quality meets industry standards....
Quality exceeds industry standards
Product range..................................
Reliability of supply .........................
Technical support/service ...............
U.S. transportation costs .................
Other (specify):
........
........
........

III-26. Major purchasing factors.--Please list, in order of their importance, the three major factors
generally considered by your firm in deciding from whom to purchase solid urea for any one
order (examples include availability, extension of credit, contracts, price, quality, range of
supplier’s product line, traditional supplier, etc.).
1.
2.
3.
Other factors or comments:

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U.S. Purchasers’ Questionnaire – Solid Urea

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PART III.-- MARKET CHARACTERISTICS AND PURCHASING PRACTICES--Continued
III-27. Quality characteristics.--What characteristics does your firm consider when determining the
quality of solid urea?

III-28. Frequency of decisions based on price.--How often does your firm purchase the solid urea that
is offered at the lowest price?
Always

Usually

Sometimes

Never

III-29. Price leaders.— A price leader is defined as (1) one or more firms that initiate a price change,
either upward or downward, that is followed by other firms, or (2) one or more firms that have a
significant impact on prices. A price leader does not necessarily have to be the lowest priced
supplier.
Please list the names of any firms you considered price leaders in the solid urea market since
2005 and describe how the firm(s) exhibited price leadership.

III-30. Price differences.-(a)

Which form(s) of solid urea does your firm purchase?

(b)

Are you aware of any price differences between prilled and granular urea?
No

Prilled urea

Granular urea

Yes--Please note the approximate difference and describe what
accounts for the difference in price.

(c)

If you purchase granular urea, estimate the percentage discount that would need to be
offered for prilled urea before your firm would switch from granular urea to prilled urea.
$
per short ton

(d)

If you purchase granular urea, indicate whether and how the pricing of prilled urea
influences your pricing expectations and negotiations with your granular urea suppliers.

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U.S. Purchasers’ Questionnaire – Solid Urea

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PART III.-- MARKET CHARACTERISTICS AND PURCHASING PRACTICES--Continued
III-31. Price comparisons.—
(a)

Please compare market prices of solid urea in U.S. and non-U.S. markets, if known.
Provide specific information as to time periods and regions for any price comparisons.

(b)

Do prices for solid urea in non-U.S. markets affect U.S. prices for solid urea?
No

Yes--Please explain.

III-32. Changes in U.S. industry.-(a)

Please identify and discuss any improvements/changes in the U.S. solid urea industry
since 2005 and explain the factor(s), including the order(s) under review, that was/(were)
responsible for each improvement/change.

(b)

Please discuss any improvements/changes that you anticipate in the future in the U.S.
solid urea industry. Identify the time period and causes for these improvements/changes.

III-33. Effect of revocation.--What do you think will be the likely effects of any revocation of the
antidumping duty orders for imports of solid urea from Russia and Ukraine? As appropriate,
please discuss any potential effects of revocation of the antidumping duty orders on (1) the future
activities of your firm and (2) the U.S. market as a whole. Please note the future time period to
which you are referring. Attach additional pages if necessary.
(1) Activities of your firm:

(2) Entire U.S. market:

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U.S. Purchasers’ Questionnaire - Solid Urea

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PART IV.-- PRODUCT COMPARISIONS
IV-1.

Country knowledge.--Please indicate the countries of origin for solid urea for which your firm
has actual marketing/pricing knowledge.
United States
Russia
Ukraine
Other countries (specify:

IV-2.

)

Interchangeability by country-pair.--Is solid urea produced in the United States and in other
countries interchangeable (i.e., can they physically be used in the same applications)? Please
indicate below, using “A” to indicate that the products from a specified country-pair are always
interchangeable, “F” to indicate that the products are frequently interchangeable, “S” to indicate
that the products are sometimes interchangeable, “N” to indicate that the products are never
interchangeable, and “0” to indicate no familiarity with products from a specified country-pair.1
Country-pair

Russia

Ukraine

Other countries

United States
Russia
Ukraine
1
For any country-pair producing solid urea that is sometimes or never interchangeable, please explain
the factors that limit or preclude interchangeable use:

Business Proprietary
U.S. Purchasers’ Questionnaire - Solid Urea

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PART IV.-- PRODUCT COMPARISIONS--Continued
IV-3.

Factors other than price.--Are differences other than price (i.e., quality, availability,
transportation network, product range, technical support, etc.) between solid urea produced in the
United States and in other countries a significant factor in your firm’s purchases of the products?
Please indicate below, using “A” to indicate that such differences are always significant, “F” to
indicate that such differences are frequently significant, “S” to indicate that such differences are
sometimes significant, “N” to indicate that such differences are never significant, and “0” to
indicate no familiarity with products from a specified country-pair.1
Country-pair

Russia

Ukraine

Other countries

United States
Russia
Ukraine
1

For any country-pair for which factors other than price always or frequently are a significant factor in
your firm’s purchases of solid urea, identify the country-pair and report the advantages or disadvantages
imparted by such factors:

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U.S. Purchasers’ Questionnaire - Solid Urea

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PART IV.-- PRODUCT COMPARISIONS--Continued
IV-4.

Availability of merchandise.--Are certain grades/types/sizes of solid urea available from only a
single source (domestic or foreign, including both subject and nonsubject countries)?
No

IV-5.

Yes--Please identify the source and the grade/type/size.

Choice of product not based on price.--If you purchased solid urea from one source although a
comparable product was available from another source at a lower price, please explain your
reasons for doing so (please specify by country, including the United States and both subject and
nonsubject foreign countries). Possibilities might include transaction characteristics such as
length of time to fill orders, minimum order size, reliability of supply, etc.

Business Proprietary
U.S. Purchasers’ Questionnaire - Solid Urea

Page 20

PART IV.-- PRODUCT COMPARISIONS--Continued
IV-6. Factor country comparisons.--For the factors listed below, please rate how solid urea produced
in each country you identified in your response to the first question in Part IV compares with solid urea
produced in each of the other countries you identified (including the United States and both subject and
nonsubject foreign countries).

Inferior

Comparable

Product from
Russia
compared to
product from
Ukraine

Superior

Inferior

Comparable

Product from
United States
compared to
product from
Ukraine

Superior

Inferior

Comparable

Quality

Superior

Product from
United States
compared to
product from
Russia

Availability ...............................................
Delivery terms .........................................
Delivery time ...........................................
Discounts offered ....................................
Extension of credit...................................
Price1 .......................................................
Minimum quantity requirements ..............
Packaging ...............................................
Product consistency ................................
Quality meets industry standards............
Quality exceeds industry standards ........
Product range..........................................
Reliability of supply .................................
Technical support/service .......................
U.S. transportation costs1 .......................
Other (specify):

1

A rating of superior on price and U.S. transportation costs indicates that the first country generally has
lower prices/U.S. transportation costs than the second country.

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U.S. Purchasers’ Questionnaire - Solid Urea

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PART IV.-- PRODUCT COMPARISIONS--Continued

Factor country comparisons--Continued.

Inferior

Comparable

Product from
Ukraine
compared to
product from
Nonsubject
countries

Superior

Inferior

Product from
Russia
compared to
product from
Nonsubject
countries
Comparable

Inferior

Comparable

Quality

Superior

Product from
United States
compared to
product from
Nonsubject
countries

Superior

IV-6.

Availability ...............................................
Delivery terms .........................................
Delivery time ...........................................
Discounts offered ....................................
Extension of credit...................................
Price1 .......................................................
Minimum quantity requirements ..............
Packaging ...............................................
Product consistency ................................
Quality meets industry standards............
Quality exceeds industry standards ........
Product range..........................................
Reliability of supply .................................
Technical support/service .......................
U.S. transportation costs1 .......................
Other (specify):

1

A rating of superior on price and U.S. transportation costs indicates that the first country generally has
lower prices/U.S. transportation costs than the second country.

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U.S. Purchasers’ Questionnaire - Solid Urea

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PART IV.-- PRODUCT COMPARISIONS--Continued

IV-7.

Minimum quality.-(a)

How often does domestically produced solid urea meet minimum quality specifications
for your uses or your customers’ uses?
Always

(b)

Usually

Sometimes

Rarely or never

How often does imported subject solid urea meet minimum quality specifications for
your uses or your customers’ uses?

Source

Always

Usually

Sometimes

Rarely or
never

Russia
Ukraine

(c)

How often does imported nonsubject solid urea (i.e., solid urea from countries other than
Russia and Ukraine) meet minimum quality specifications for your uses or your
customers’ uses?
Source

Always

Usually

Sometimes

Rarely or
never

Russia
Ukraine

IV-8.

Change in price.-(a)

Since 2005, has there been a change in the price of solid urea? If so, has the price of
U.S.-produced solid urea changed more or less than the price of imported solid urea from
Russia and Ukraine?
No change in price
Prices have changed by the same amount
Price of U.S.-produced solid urea has changed relative to the price of solid urea from
Russia
Price of U.S.-produced solid urea has changed relative to the price of solid urea from
Ukraine

(b)

If the price of U.S.-produced solid urea has changed relative to the price of solid urea
from Russia and Ukraine, the price of U.S.-produced solid urea is now relatively:
Higher

Lower – than prices of solid urea imported from Russia.

Higher

Lower – than prices of solid urea imported from Ukraine.