ICR Appendix D1: Instructions for Survey Instrument for Hardwood Plywood, Medium Density Fiberboard, and Particleboard Manufacturers

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United States Environmental Protection Agency
Pressed Wood Manufacturing Industry Survey:
Hardwood Plywood, Medium Density Fiberboard, and
Particleboard Manufacturers
General Information, Definitions, and Instructions

Thank you for participating in EPA’s pressed wood manufacturing industry survey.
Please return the completed response no later than Weekday, Month Day, Year.
Please contact William Silagi at silagi.william@epa.gov or (202) 564-8788 if you have
any questions about this survey.

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GENERAL INFORMATION
Respond for Individuals Plants. This questionnaire was designed to gather data for individual
manufacturing plants, not all the plants operated by a parent company or company headquarters.
(However, you may need information from a parent company or company headquarters in order to
complete the questionnaire.) Please provide responses that are specific to your plant only, as identified
on page 1 of the questionnaire. If you are completing the questionnaire for multiple plants owned by
the same company, please use a separate questionnaire for each plant.
Plants Making Other Products. This questionnaire is designed to collect information on hardwood
plywood, medium density fiberboard, and particleboard products. If your plant also manufactures
other composite wood products (such as hardboard or structural composites), you should receive a
separate questionnaire. If you need a copy of the other questionnaire and did not receive one, please
contact EPA.
Skills Needed to Report. This questionnaire is intended to be completed by a person knowledgeable
about both the technical and financial aspects of the pressed wood products manufacturing operations
at your plant. In some cases, you may need to look up records or consult staff in other departments to
complete all the information requested.
Use Readily Obtainable Information. This questionnaire asks for readily obtainable information,
e.g., information known or easily accessed by technical, managerial, or supervisory employees of your
company who are responsible for manufacturing, processing, technical services, or marketing. If you
do not have the underlying information, you do not have to generate it to complete the questionnaire.
For example, the questionnaire asks for information on formaldehyde emission levels from your
products. If you have not already tested your products for formaldehyde emissions, you do not need to
test them in order to respond to this questionnaire. In this example, if you do not have any
formaldehyde testing data, you would report “UK” (for “Unknown”) on the questionnaire.
Suggested Recordkeeping. Participation in this questionnaire is currently voluntary, so that you are
not required to respond. If you do respond, you are not required to keep any records to document your
response. You may, however, wish to keep a copy of the completed questionnaire for your files to
refer to in case EPA contacts you with any follow-up questions to clarify your answers later in the
process.

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CONFIDENTIAL BUSINESS INFORMATION
Under section 14 of the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA), you may designate
information that you submit on this questionnaire as Confidential Business Information (CBI).
EPA takes stringent measures to protect CBI submitted in connection with TSCA pursuant to part 2
of title 40 of the Code of Federal Regulations (known as 40 CFR part 2) and the TSCA CBI
Protection Manual. These procedures include security clearance and training for all staff permitted
to access TSCA CBI, storage of TSCA CBI in secured areas, computer security for TSCA CBI,
secure methods for creating, transferring, and destroying TSCA CBI, and advance notice of
disclosure to contractors (usually via the Federal Register) where such disclosure is authorized.
Access to TSCA CBI is limited to persons who are TSCA CBI cleared.
EPA will disclose information that is covered by a claim of confidentiality only to the
extent permitted by, and in accordance with, the procedures in TSCA section 14 and the regulation
at 40 CFR part 2, which provides advance notice and an opportunity to object prior to public
disclosure. Otherwise, confidential data provided by individual companies will not be identified in
summary reports or released to unauthorized individuals, and public dissemination of results based
on TSCA CBI will be limited to aggregate statistics that do not disclose confidential data.
Please assert CBI claims only where there is a legitimate need to do so. In general,
voluntarily submitted information is entitled to confidential protection where the information would
not customarily be disclosed to the public, although authorities in TSCA Section 14 may apply.
To identify data as CBI, simply check the box in the left-hand margin on the
questionnaire form next to each question where you provide CBI. For example, as shown in
Figure 1, if the total volume of hardwood plywood manufactured by your plant is
confidential, then check the box at the left of Question #9(a). Please note that information not
specifically identified as CBI may be made available to the public without further notice.
If you claim any information in your response as CBI, see the enclosed instructions on how
to assemble your completed questionnaire and return it to EPA.
In order to ensure the protection of CBI, please do not e-mail any data or materials
that you designate as CBI.

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Figure 1. Example of CBI Checkbox Marked to Claim Data as Confidential
Mark the CBI checkbox in the left-hand margin of the questionnaire form (indicated by the red
arrow in the figure below) to claim information you provide as confidential.

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Figure 2. Example of How to Generate Additional Copies of a Questionnaire Section or Table
If you need to fill out more than one copy of a section in the questionnaire, or need more space
than a table provides, click the “Add Copy” button to have the electronic version of the form
automatically generate an additional copy of the section or table. If you are using the paper version of
the form, please use the extra copies provided and make additional copies as necessary.

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GENERAL DEFINITIONS
Additive. Additives to composite panel products include, but are not limited to, biocides, buffers, catalysts, fire
retardants, release agents, scavengers, tack agents, and wax emulsions.
Adhesive/emissions class. Adhesive/emissions class means a class of pressed wood products that differs from
others based on binder/resin technology, formaldehyde emission certification standard category, and/or
formaldehyde emission profile. You need not report separately for products that differ only based on physical
characteristics such as thickness, density, or strength, but have the same formaldehyde emission profile; these
products may be reported together within the same adhesive/emissions class.
Catalyst. An additive to a resin formulation that allows the resin to cure faster or harder than it otherwise
would.
Composite panel products. See “Pressed wood products” definition.
Energy costs. Costs of fuels or energy (e.g., natural gas, electricity) inputs used in manufacturing the primary
composite panel products.
Filled or coated products. Secondary composite panel products made typically by treating particleboard or
MDF on one or both surfaces with either a high solids filler to improve surface properties, or one or more layers
of liquid or decorative paint, or powder coating. Includes EB (electron beam) and ultraviolet (UV) cured
products and direct-ink printed products.
Finished board. Primary composite panel product, not secondary or value added products.
Formaldehyde emission certification standard category. The emission standard you meet (if any) that
requires the lowest product formaldehyde emissions. Examples include the CARB Phase 1, Phase 2, ULEF and
NAF standards; the CPA EPP Grademark Standard; the European E1/E2 standards; the Japanese F-star
standards; and the HUD standards.
Hardwood plywood (HWPW). A primary composite panel product usually made with a decorative face ply of
hardwood veneer and intermediate, core, and back plys of other veneers or materials. It is assembled with the
grains of adjacent layers perpendicular to each other. An adhesive system is applied to the veneer surfaces
during assembly, and then cured under heat and pressure. Adhesive systems rated only for interior service are
commonly used. Also included is plywood with a coniferous face if it is intended to be used for decorative
purposes. Solid wood, particleboard, or medium density fiberboard may be substituted for veneer in the core of
the panel. The requirements for hardwood plywood are specified in ANSI standard HP-1-2004.
High pressure laminates (HPL). A surfacing material composed of layers of resin-saturated papers fused
together under heat and pressure. May be either decorative or plain. HPL is often glued to primary composite
panels such as plywood and particleboard to form secondary composite panel products such as countertops or
other work surfaces.
Hot stamp foils. Decorative pigments or paint designed to be transferred from a disposable carrier film to the
surface or edge of a composite panel product substrate through use of a heated laminating roll.
Low basis weight papers. Low basis weight papers (lightweight papers) are commonly used as decorative
overlays on a variety of primary composite panel substrates. An adhesive is normally applied either to the paper
or to the substrate then cured by a heated laminating roll press.
Low pressure decorative laminates (LPDL). Resin-saturated decorative papers that are fused to the surfaces
of primary composite panel products with heat and pressure. Often referred to as “melamine laminates” or
“polyester laminates.” LPDLs do not require additional adhesive application. LPDLs do not include papers
saturated with phenolic resins, which are classified as medium and high density overlays (MDOs and HDOs).
Master panel. Term commonly used for some primary composite panel products after they emerge from the
press in rough form prior to sawing and sanding to finished dimensions.

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Medium and high density overlays (MDO and HDO). Papers impregnated with phenolic resins that are fused
to primary composite panel products with heat and pressure. MDO and HDO are often applied to softwood
plywood for exterior applications such as concrete form or signs.
Medium density fiberboard (MDF). A primary composite panel product composed primarily of cellulosic
fibers and a bonding system cured under heat and pressure. MDF density is typically between 500 kg/m3 (31
lb/ft3) and 1,000 kg/m3 (62 lb/ft3). The requirements for MDF for interior applications are specified in ANSI
standard A208.2-2009.
Modifications to existing equipment. Any upgrading, retro-fitting, or other modifications to exiting equipment
in order to reduce formaldehyde emissions.
New equipment costs. The amount paid for any new equipment that was purchased in order to reduce
formaldehyde emissions, including installation and structural support costs for this equipment.
Particleboard. A primary composite panel product composed of discrete cellulosic particles (as opposed to
individual fibers), usually wood, and a bonding system cured under heat and pressure. The density of
particleboard products ranges from 300 kg/m3 (19lb/ft3) for low density door core products to over 800 kg/m3
(50lb/ft3) for demanding industrial applications. The requirements for particleboard are specified in ANSI
standard A208.1-2009.
Plant. Physical facility (consisting of one or more buildings, processes, and assemblies of equipment) where
composite panel products are manufactured.
Planned change. Changes that are likely to occur (you are confident that they will be undertaken) – as opposed
to future “possible” projects which may or may not ultimately be executed. Planned changes include expansions
or equipment upgrades/changes in the next three years.
Post-press treatment. An additional manufacturing step performed after pressing primary composite panel
products that is undertaken to reduce formaldehyde emissions (e.g., treat boards with anhydrous ammonia).
Pressed wood category. A type of primary composite panel product. In this questionnaire it includes only the
three following products: hardwood plywood, medium density fiberboard, and particleboard. There may be
multiple product grades or adhesive/emissions classes within a pressed wood category. (See definition of
“Adhesive/emissions class.”)
Pressed wood products. General term describing all types of primary and secondary pressed wood products
made from cellulosic material, usually wood, and an adhesive or resin bonding system that is cured under heat
and/or pressure.
Primary composite panel products. See “Primary pressed wood products” definition.
Primary pressed wood products. General term describing all types of primary products made from cellulosic
material, usually wood, and an adhesive or resin bonding system that is cured under heat and/or pressure.
Primary pressed wood products may be used in either industrial or construction applications in their “primary”
form, or converted into “secondary” pressed wood products through the application of a laminate, or coating, or
through shaping or assembly with other components.
Production technology. The production process and raw materials used to produce a composite panel product.
This includes the resin technology used (defined below).
Process controls. The system of motors, sensors, controllers, devices, operator interfaces, and sequencing logic
installed in a plant to control the primary composite panel product manufacturing process.
Recordkeeping costs. Costs associated with keeping records of inspections, tests, and any other procedures
whose records are normally kept under customary business practices.
Recurring costs. Costs incurred on an ongoing basis.
Research and development costs. Upfront costs necessary to test new production methods or refine the
manufacturing process prior to commercial production.

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Resin technology. The particular resin formulation (including scavengers and other additives) used and its
direct integration into the manufacturing process, including associated process controls and preparation,
application, and/or blending equipment.
Scavenger. An additive to a resin formulation that is intended to combine with free formaldehyde to convert it
to an inert reaction product.
Secondary composite panel products. See “Secondary products” definition.
Secondary pressed wood products. See “Secondary products” definition.
Secondary products. Products fabricated from or mainly composed of one or more primary pressed wood
products. Examples of secondary products include, but are not limited to, filled or coated products, low pressure
decorative laminates (LPDL), vinyl laminate, or the application of high pressure laminates (HPL), hot stamp
foils, low basis weight papers (LBWP), or medium or high density overlays (MDO or HDO) to a composite
wood panel substrate.
Start-up costs. Costs that are incurred initially after a production change, but that are not expected to be
incurred on a recurring basis.
Testing and certification costs. Cost of having primary composite panel products tested and of maintaining
certification.
Ultimate parent company. Highest level company, group of companies, or other legal entity that owns or
directly controls the reporting facility or plant, either within the U.S. or globally (if applicable). For example,
this may be the company that is quoted on a stock exchange.
Veneer. Thin sheets or strips of wood created by peeling or slicing logs. Normally used to make plywood.
Vinyl laminate. Thin vinyl films, usually two to six millimeters thick, commonly used as decorative overlays
on a variety of substrates. An adhesive is normally applied either to the vinyl or to the substrate and then cured
by a heated laminating roll press.

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Figure 3. Composite Panel Product Description
Figure 3 illustrates how some of the terms used in this survey relate to each other.

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LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
Abbreviation
CBI
N/A
NAF
ton
UA
UF
UK
ULEF

Description
Confidential business information
Not applicable
No-added formaldehyde
Ton (2,000 pounds = 1 ton)
Unavailable
Urea formaldehyde
Unknown
Ultra-low emitting formaldehyde

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SURVEY OUTLINE
The questionnaire has eight sections:
I. General Manufacturer Identification Information;
II. Primary Pressed Wood Products Manufactured;
III. Changes to Achieve CARB Phase 1 Certification;
IV. Changes to Achieve CARB Phase 2 Certification;
V. Planned Changes to Achieve CARB Phase 2 Certification;
VI. Issues that May Affect Ability to Reduce Formaldehyde Emissions for Respondents Who
Do Not Intend to Become CARB Phase 2 Certified;
VII. Issues That May Affect Ability to Use a No-Added Formaldehyde (NAF) Resin; and
VIII. Secondary Products Manufactured.
The questions in each section are described in detail in the “Question-by-Question Instructions”.

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QUESTION-BY-QUESTION INSTRUCTIONS
Please answer all of the questions. Refer to the “General Definitions” section for further explanation
of certain key terms used throughout the questionnaire.

Section I: General Manufacturer Identification Information
Questions 1- 8.
The answers to the questions in this section have been pre-filled based on publicly available
information and the initial phone call to your plant. Please verify that the pre-filled information is
correct; if it is incorrect, or if there is any missing information, please provide corrections on the
line(s) following the question or check the appropriate boxes.
Before completing this portion of the questionnaire, see the General Definitions section of these
instructions for the explanation of the term “ultimate parent company”.

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Why does EPA need this information? The information in Section I will be used
to ensure that your plant is properly identified and that the appropriate contacts are
available to answer any questions that EPA might have on the completed
questionnaire. Because of the complex relationships between and among
corporations, you are asked to distinguish between the parent company (legal
owner) of the plant and the company that operates the plant. Information about
the legal owner may be used by EPA in economic analyses that distinguish
between small and large businesses.

Section II: Primary Pressed Wood Products Manufactured
Before completing this portion of the questionnaire, see the General Definitions section of these
instructions for the explanation of the terms “primary pressed wood product”, “resin technology”,
“production technology”, and “planned change”.
Note that in this survey, “Adhesive/emissions class” means a class of pressed wood products that
differs from others based on binder/resin technology, formaldehyde emission certification standard
category, and/or formaldehyde emission profile. You need not report separately for products that
differ only based on physical characteristics such as thickness, density, or strength, but have the same
formaldehyde emission profile; these products may be reported together within the same
adhesive/emissions class.

#

For example: Your company currently makes two product lines. One,
RegularResin™ panel, is made with UF resin and is CARB Phase 1 certified. The
other, UltraGreen™ panel, is certified as CARB NAF. Both RegularResin™ and
UltraGreen™ are made in multiple thicknesses designed for different applications.
But within each product line, all of the products use the same resin and have the
same emissions profile. So for the purpose of reporting to this survey, report all of
the information for RegularResin™ as one adhesive/emissions class, and all of the
information for UltraGreen™ as another adhesive/emissions class.

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#

For example: Your company currently makes two product lines. One,
NormalThickness® panel, is made with UF resin and is CARB Phase 1 certified.
The other, ExtraThin® panel, is also made with UF resin and is CARB Phase 1
certified. Although both products use the same resin and are Phase 1 certified,
they are very different in terms of thickness and as a result they have different
actual emissions levels. So for the purpose of reporting for this survey, report all of
the information for NormalThickness® as one adhesive/emissions class, and all of
the information for ExtraThin® as another adhesive/emissions class.

Question 9. Primary Composite Panel Products Manufactured and Production Volume.
Please complete the table. Note that in column 3 of Question 9 you need only to provide the
aggregate estimated average volume of primary composite panel products manufactured at your plant
(over the five year period between 2005 and 2009) for each of the pressed wood categories you make,
summed over all thicknesses or other physical properties produced.
Question 10. Regions Where Pressed Wood Products Manufactured at Your Plant are Sold. Please
check all applicable boxes to indicate the geographical regions where the pressed wood products that
were manufactured at your plant were sold and are expected to be sold.

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Why does EPA need this information? The information in Question 9 helps
EPA understand what categories of primary pressed wood products you
manufacture. The volumes may be used in EPA economic analyses to determine
your plant’s share of national production in order to estimate the aggregate volume
meeting various emission levels and/or certification standards.
Question 10 will allow EPA to correlate responses with any existing current
regulations that are applicable to your plant’s products (such as regulations that
cover certain products sold in California or in foreign markets).
EPA is asking about the past five years to get a longer term perspective about any
changes that have occurred. EPA is asking about the next three years to get a
multi-year prediction that is within a reasonable planning horizon.

Question 11. Hardwood Plywood is Produced at this Plant. If hardwood plywood is produced at your
facility please check all applicable boxes and fill in the appropriate blanks.
Question 12. Medium Density Fiberboard is Produced at this Plant. If medium density fiberboard is
produced at your facility please check all applicable boxes and fill in the appropriate blanks.
Question 13. Particleboard is Produced at this Plant. If particleboard is produced at your facility please
check all applicable boxes and fill in the appropriate blanks.

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Why does EPA need this information? Questions 11-13 provide information to
EPA about the characteristics of your plant that may influence your ability to use
various technology options for lowering formaldehyde emissions.

Question 14. Resin Types and Certification Standards. Please aggregate the information by
adhesive/emissions class for each pressed wood category produced at your facility – that is, complete
one row for each group of products with similar formaldehyde emissions profiles. The sample
response in the table explains how to report for hybrid systems using different resins in the face and
core layers.
A list of binder/resin categories and certification standard categories is provided at the bottom of
the table.

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NOTE: Please complete this table for each adhesive/emissions class of each pressed wood category
produced at your facility. If you need more space than the table provides, click the “Add Copy”
button to have the electronic version of this form automatically generate an additional copy of the
table. If you are using the paper version of the form, please use the extra copies provided and make
additional copies as necessary.

Column 1: Pressed Wood Category. Indicate the pressed wood category by selecting from the
dropdown menu on the electronic form or entering the appropriate pressed wood category
abbreviation listed below the table.
Column 2: Adhesive/Emissions Class. Indicate the adhesive/emissions class. The different
adhesive/emissions class can simply be numbered (as in the example) or labeled more
descriptively if desired.
Binder/Resin Categories: Columns 3, 4, and 5 ask about the binders and resins used to manufacture
your products.
Column 3: Previous Binder/Resin Category. If you changed resin technology categories since the
beginning of 2005, indicate the resin technology category that was previously used. If you
changed resins more than once since the beginning of 2005, indicate the resin technology
category that was most recently used before the one you currently use. If you have not
changed resin technology categories since the beginning of 2005, enter “not applicable” or
“N/A”.
Column 4: Current Binder/Resin Category. If you use more than one resin technology for a pressed
wood category, list all that are applicable in separate rows.

#
#
#
#

For example: If last year you produced an MDF panel using a urea-formaldehyde
resin, but you currently produce this product using a MUF resin for the face layers
and a UF resin for the core, and next year you plan to modify the resins you
currently use by adding scavengers, you should report this as shown in row one of
the example in the questionnaire.
For example: If you began production of a new grade of MDF two years ago
using a urea-formaldehyde resin with added scavengers that you have not
changed since you began production, but you intend to produce this product next
year using a MUF resin with added scavengers, you should report this as shown in
row two of the example in the questionnaire.
For example: If you switched last year from a urea-formaldehyde resin with
added scavengers to a methylene diisocyanate resin, enter “UF+s” in Column 3
(“Previous”) and “pMDI” in Column 4 (“Current”).

For example: If last year you produced all your particleboard using a ureaformaldehyde resin with added scavengers, and you currently continue to produce
particleboard using the same resin formulation, but now you also produce a noadded formaldehyde class of particleboard using a methylene diisocyanate resin,
you should complete two rows in the particleboard category, one for products
made with UF resin and another for products made with pMDI.

Column 5: Planned Changes to Binder/Resin Category. If your plant has specific plans to change
resin technologies between now and the end of 2012, indicate the resin technology category that will
be used. If you do not plan to change resin technology categories, enter “not applicable” or “N/A”. If
plan to change resins but you are not sure which changes you will make because you are still

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considering more than one possible resin technology (e.g., both enhanced UF resins and soy-based
resins), please report the resin you consider most likely and use this as the basis for your response.

#

For example: If you expect to switch next year from a urea-formaldehyde resin to
a melamine-urea-formaldehyde resin with added scavengers, enter “MUF+s” in
column 5 (“Planned Changes”).

Formaldehyde Emission Certification Standard Category: Columns 6, 7, and 8 ask about the
emission certification standards you meet for the products you manufacture. In this survey, the
“formaldehyde emission certification standard category” means the emission standard you meet
that requires the lowest product formaldehyde emissions. If your product does not meet an emissions
certification standard, enter “None”.
Column 6: Previous Certification Category. If the formaldehyde emissions standard in Column 7
was met only as a result of resin technology or production technology changes made since
the beginning of 2005, indicate the formaldehyde emissions standard previously met by
the product, if any.
Column 7: Current Certification Category. Indicate the formaldehyde emissions standard that is
currently met.
Column 8: Planned Changes to Certification Category. If your plant has specific plans to meet a
formaldehyde emissions standard between now and the end of 2012 (that it does not
currently meet), indicate the emissions standard that will be met.
Question 15. Formaldehyde Emission Levels from Finished Boards. This question asks about emissions
from finished boards – do not report stack or fugitive emissions of formaldehyde. In this survey,
“finished boards” refers to primary pressed wood boards, not secondary or value-added products.
For average and maximum emissions, provide results from a standard test method for a large or small
chamber test. A standard test method means a standardized laboratory method or testing protocol,
such as those published by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) and/or those
approved for use under CARB, the Japanese F-star program, or the European E1 program. See Figure
4 at the end of these instructions for examples of common test measurement methods. Provide
emission levels as large chamber equivalent emissions if possible. If you can not report results as
large chamber equivalent emissions, please indicate this in the space provided above the table.
If you have been making the adhesive/emissions class for a year or more, calculate the average and
maximum emissions over the past year. If you have not been making the product for a full year,
calculate the average and maximum over whatever time frame you manufactured the
adhesive/emissions class. If you have test data showing that the actual maximum emissions level from
your product is lower than the maximum allowed by the certification standard you meet, report the
actual maximum. In addition, the emissions levels reported should only include those from products
tested within typical certification timeframes (i.e., tests performed within 30 days of production).
Please specify the units for the emissions data, such as parts per million (ppm).
Please report a separate line in the table for each different adhesive/emissions class reported in
Question 14. If you are using the electronic version of the form, it will automatically fill Question 15
with the pressed wood categories and adhesive/emissions classes that you reported in Question 14. If
you selected the “Add Copy” button in Question 14, the electronic version of the form will
automatically generate an additional copy of the table for Question 15. If you are using the paper
version of the form, please use the extra copies provided and make additional copies as necessary.
Column 1: Pressed Wood Category. If you are using the electronic version of the form this column
will be automatically filled based on your responses to question 14. If you are using the

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paper version, indicate the pressed wood category by entering the appropriate pressed
wood category abbreviation listed below the table.
Column 2: Adhesive/Emissions Class. If you are using the electronic version of the form this column
will be automatically filled based on your responses to question 14. If you are using the
paper version, indicate the adhesive/emissions class. The different adhesive/emissions
class can simply be numbered (as in the example) or labeled more descriptively if desired.
Columns 3 and 4: Previous Emission Levels. If the current formaldehyde emissions levels listed in
Columns 5 and 6 has changed due to manufacturing changes implemented since the
beginning of 2005, indicate the average and maximum formaldehyde emission rate prior to
the current level.
Columns 5 and 6: Current Emission Levels. Indicate the average and maximum formaldehyde
emission levels for the emissions category that you currently meet.
Columns 7 and 8: Planned Emission Levels. If your plant has specific plans to achieve a
formaldehyde emission level for that pressed wood category between now and the end of
2012, enter the anticipated average and maximum emission levels.
Columns 9 and 10: Share of Production. Please provide the relative share of production volume for
each adhesive/emissions class. In column 9, provide the total annual production share
using the current binder/resin technology and production process, in percent. For
example, if four fifths of your production is for a given adhesive/emissions class within a
pressed wood category, enter “80%”. The sum of the shares reported within each pressed
wood category should equal 100 percent.
In column 10, report the estimated annual production shares that are anticipated after
planned changes to raw materials and production processes to reduce formaldehyde
emissions are completed, whenever the change is planned to occur. (For example, if you
have a change planned for 2011 that will reduce formaldehyde emissions, report the
production shares expected for 2011.) If you do not plan on making any changes to
reduce formaldehyde emissions, report the estimated annual production shares that are
anticipated in 2012. For example, if you plan for all of your production of the pressed
wood category to be the given adhesive/emissions class in the future, enter “100%”. If
you cannot estimate the expected future shares of production will be, enter “UK.” The sum
of the shares reported within each pressed wood category should equal 100 percent.

,

Why does EPA need this information? Questions 14 and 15 provide information
on the type of resins and binders used in the industry and the formaldehyde
emission certification standards and emissions levels for products. The information
also helps EPA to understand the relative importance of the different classes of
products.
This information is important given the ongoing changes in the industry due to the
California Air Resources Board (CARB) Airborne Toxics Control Measure (ATCM)
for formaldehyde emissions from primary pressed wood products, the growing
demand for green building products, etc. This information will help EPA determine
whether any action is necessary regarding formaldehyde emissions from pressed
wood products.

Sections III and IV: Changes to Achieve CARB Phase 1 or Phase 2 Emission Requirements
Please complete questions 16 through 18 (Section III) if you have made changes to your production
process or raw materials for the purpose of achieving CARB Phase 1 certification. Please complete
questions 19 through 21 (Section IV) if you have made changes to your production process or raw
materials for the purpose of achieving CARB Phase 2 certification. If you bypassed CARB Phase 1

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certification and your initial CARB certification was for Phase 2, you should skip Section III and
complete Section IV.
A separate copy of Section III needs to be completed for each adhesive/emissions class of each
pressed wood category where there were recent changes to achieve CARB Phase 1 certification.
Similarly, complete a separate copy of Section IV for each adhesive/emissions class of each pressed
wood category where there were recent changes to achieve CARB Phase 2 certification.
Click the “Add Copy” button on the survey to have the electronic version of this form automatically
generate an additional copy of Section III or IV. If you are using the paper version of the form, please
use the extra copies provided and make additional copies as necessary.
Before completing this portion of the questionnaire, see the General Definitions section of these
instructions for the explanation of the term “adhesive/emissions class”.
The categories in the cost questions (materials, labor, energy, recordkeeping, testing, reject rates,
productivity, downtime, etc.) are not meant to overlap. In order to avoid double-counting costs, do not
report the same cost under more than one category.
Do not repeat your Section III responses in Section IV unless there was another similar change to
achieve Phase 2 certification. For example, if you added a catalyst to your resin to achieve Phase 1
certification, indicate that in Question 16(b). If you then changed your again catalyst to meet Phase 2,
indicate that in Question 19(b). But if you continued to use the same catalyst to meet Phase 2, do not
check “Addition of catalysts to resin” in Question 19(b).
Questions 16 & 19. Changes to production processes or raw materials. Please check all applicable boxes
and provide responses in the space provided.

,

Why does EPA need this information? Questions 16 through 21 provide
information about the issues that might affect manufacturers’ ability to reduce
formaldehyde emissions, the types of changes to production processes or raw
materials that have been made to reduce formaldehyde emissions, and the costs
of addressing these issues. EPA will use this information to understand the
feasible options for reducing formaldehyde emissions, and to assess the extent to
which formaldehyde emissions are already being reduced

Questions 17 & 20. Issues your plant addressed in order to achieve CARB Phase 1 or 2 certification.
These questions ask about the issues that your plant addressed in order to implement recent changes to
the production processes or to the raw materials for the purpose of achieving CARB Phase 1 (Question
17) or Phase 2 (Question 20) certification for the products manufactured at your plant.
Questions 18 & 21. Estimated costs of changes to the production processes or raw materials. These
questions ask about the costs that were incurred in order to implement recent changes to the production
processes or to the raw materials to achieve CARB Phase 1 or Phase 2 certification for products
manufactured at your plant.
See the General Definitions section of these instructions if you need further explanation of the
terms “research and development”, “modifications to existing equipment”, “new equipment
costs”, “additive”, “post-press treatment”, “recordkeeping costs”, and “testing and
certification costs”.

Section V: Planned Changes to Achieve CARB Phase 2 Emission Requirements
Please complete questions 22 through 24 if you:

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1. Anticipate making changes to your production process or raw materials for the purpose of
achieving CARB Phase 2 certification;
2. Have already achieved CARB Phase 2 certification but you anticipate making additional
changes to production processes or raw materials for the purpose of optimizing the production
processes for your CARB Phase 2 certified products; or
3. Have already achieved CARB Phase 2 certification but you anticipate making additional
changes to production processes or raw materials for the purpose of achieving CARB Phase 2
ULEF or NAF certification.
If you will need to address different issues to achieve CARB Phase 2 certification for different
products in a pressed wood category (for example, MDF and thin MDF, or products made with UF
resin and products made with MF resin), please complete a separate copy of Section V for each group
of products where similar issues will need to be addressed. You may choose to complete a separate
copy of Section V for each adhesive/emissions class, complete a separate copy of Section V for a
group of adhesive/emissions classes, or simply complete a separate copy of Section V for an entire
pressed wood category.
If you are not sure which changes you will make to achieve CARB Phase 2 certification because you
are still considering more than one possible approach (e.g., both enhanced UF resins and soy-based
resins), please use the approach you consider most likely as the basis for your responses in Section V.
Adhesive/emissions class means a class of pressed wood products that differs from others based on
binder/resin technology, formaldehyde emission certification standard category, and/or formaldehyde
emission profile.
Click the “Add Copy” button on the survey to have the electronic version of this form automatically
generate an additional copy of Section V. If you are using the paper version of the form, please use
the extra copies provided and make additional copies as necessary.
The categories in the cost questions (materials, labor, energy, recordkeeping, testing, reject rates,
productivity, downtime, etc.) are not meant to overlap. In order to avoid double-counting costs, do not
report the same cost under more than one category.
Do not repeat your Section III or IV responses in Section V unless you plan to make another similar
change. For example, if you indicated in Question 19(b) that you added a catalyst to your resin to
achieve Phase 2 certification, indicate that in Question 19(b), do not check “Addition of catalysts to
resin” in Question 22(b) unless you plan to change your catalyst to optimize production or achieve
ULEF or NAF certification.
Question 22. Planned changes to production processes or raw materials. In Question 22(a), specify the
pressed wood category manufactured at your plant: hardwood plywood, medium density fiberboard, or
particleboard. Indicate the adhesive/emissions class(es) for the group of products if applicable. Please
answer the remaining sub-questions in Question 22 as related to this group of products.

,

Why does EPA need this information? Question 22 provides information about
the types of changes to production processes or raw materials that will be made
to reduce formaldehyde emissions. This information will help EPA to determine
the types of changes manufacturers plan to make to reduce formaldehyde
emissions, and whether any EPA action to reduce formaldehyde emissions from
pressed wood products is necessary.

Question 23. Issues your plant is expected to address in order to achieve CARB Phase 2 certification,
optimize your process, or become certified as ULEF or NAF. Please check all applicable boxes
and provide responses in the space provided.

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,

Why does EPA need this information? EPA needs information about the
issues that might affect manufacturer’s ability to reduce formaldehyde emissions
in order to determine what options might be technically feasible.

Question 24. Estimated costs of planned changes to the production processes or raw materials. These
questions ask about the costs that are expected to be incurred in order to achieve CARB Phase 2
certification, to optimize your production process, or to achieve CARB ULEF or NAF certification.
See the General Definitions section of these instructions if you need further explanation of the terms
“research and development”, “modifications to existing equipment”, “new equipment costs”,
“additive”, “post-press treatment”, “recordkeeping costs”, and “testing and certification costs”.

,

Why does EPA need this information? EPA needs information about the
expected costs of reducing formaldehyde emissions in order to consider the costs
of potential actions to reduce formaldehyde emissions in the future.

Section VI: Issues That May Affect Ability to Reduce Formaldehyde Emissions for
Respondents Who Do Not Intend to Become CARB Phase 2 Certified
If you make products that you do not intend to have CARB Phase 2 certified because they do not meet
the definition of definitions of hardwood plywood, medium density fiberboard, or particleboard in the
CARB ATCM (e.g., curved plywood) or they are exempt from the CARB ATCM (e.g., you intend on
selling all of the production outside of California), please complete Question 25.
Please complete a separate copy of Question 25 for each pressed wood category that you do not intend
to have Phase 2 certified. If you would need to address different issues to achieve CARB Phase 2
certification for different products in a pressed wood category (for example, MDF and thin MDF, or
products made with UF resin and products made with MF resin), please complete a separate copy of
Question 25 for each group of products where similar issues would need to be addressed. You may
choose to complete a separate copy of Question 25 for each adhesive/emissions class, complete a
separate copy of Question 25 for a group of adhesive/emissions classes, or simply complete a separate
copy of Question 25 for an entire pressed wood category.
Click the “Add Copy” button on the survey to have the electronic version of this form automatically
generate an additional copy of Section VI. If you are using the paper version of the form, please use
the extra copies provided and make additional copies as necessary.
Question 25. Please indicate the issues your plant would need to address in order to adopt a lower
emission technology to meet CARB Phase 2 formaldehyde emission limits. These questions ask
about the issues that your plant would need to address in order to implement changes to the production
processes or to the raw materials for the purpose of reducing the formaldehyde emissions to achieve
CARB Phase 2 compliance.

,

Why does EPA need this information? EPA needs information about the
issues that might affect manufacturer’s ability to reduce formaldehyde emissions
in order to determine what options might be technically feasible.

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Section VII: Issues That May Affect Ability to Use a No-Added Formaldehyde (NAF) Resin
Please complete a separate copy of Question 26 for each pressed wood category manufactured at your
plant, with the following exceptions:
1. The pressed wood category has no added formaldehyde; or
2. The pressed wood category will have no added formaldehyde after making the planned
changes to the production process or raw materials reported in Questions 22 through 24.
If you would need to address different issues to use a NAF resin for different products in a pressed
wood category (for example, MDF and thin MDF, or products made with UF resin and products made
with MF resin), please complete a separate copy of Question 26 for each group of products where
similar issues would need to be addressed. You may choose to complete a separate copy of Question
26 for each adhesive/emissions class, complete a separate copy of Question 26 for a group of
adhesive/emissions classes, or simply complete a separate copy of Question 26 for an entire pressed
wood category.
Click the “Add Copy” button on the survey to have the electronic version of this form automatically
generate an additional copy of Section VII. If you are using the paper version of the form, please use
the extra copies provided and make additional copies as necessary.
Question 26. Please indicate the issues your plant would need to address in order to adopt a no-added
formaldehyde (NAF) resin technology. These questions ask about the issues that your plant would
need to address in order to implement changes to the production processes or to the raw materials for
the purpose of adopting an NAF resin technology.

,

Why does EPA need this information? This information will help EPA
determine in what circumstances NAF resin technology might be a feasible option
for reducing formaldehyde emissions.

Section VIII: Secondary Products Manufactured
Question 27. Resins and Binders for Secondary Pressed Wood Products Manufactured. If you
manufacture secondary wood products, please complete this table to provide information
about the categories of secondary products that your plant manufactures, the resins/binders
used in each, and the primary pressed wood products used as inputs. Use the codes at the
bottom of the table to indicate the binder/resin technology used in the secondary
manufacturing process and the primary pressed wood product(s) used in manufacturing this
secondary product. Please include resins in saturated papers when reporting the resin/binder
used. Refer to the table header for instructions on how to complete the table if you use more
than one resin for a single product, or if you use different resins to manufacture different
secondary products.
See the General Definitions section of these instructions for a description of the product
categories reportable as secondary pressed wood products.

,

Why does EPA need this information? The coatings and coverings used in
secondary products, and the resins used to adhere them, may affect formaldehyde
emissions from panel products. EPA needs this information to better understand
the materials being used to manufacture secondary products.

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Figure 4. Common Standard Test Methods for Formaldehyde Emissions
Figure 4 presents some examples of common standard test methods. Note that this list may not be
complete and additional test methods may have been approved by CARB since the publication of this
document.
Number
ASTM E 1333-96

ASTM D 5582-00

ASTM D 6007-02

EN 120

EN 717-2

JIS A 1460

DMC
EN 717-1

EN 717-3

ISO/DIS 12460
JIS A 1901

Description
Standard Test Method for
Formaldehyde Concentrations in Air
and Emission Rates from Wood
Products Using a Large Chamber
Standard Test Method for
Determining Formaldehyde Levels
from Wood Products Using a
Dessicator
Standard Test Method for
Determining Formaldehyde
Concentrations in Air and Emission
Rates from Wood Products Using a
Small Chamber
Wood based panels—determination
of formaldehyde content—extraction
method called perforator method,
European Standard
Wood-based panels—determination
of formaldehyde release—Part 2:
formaldehyde release by the gas
analysis method, European Standard
Building boards. Determination of
formaldehyde emission—desiccator
method, Japanese Industrial Standard
Dynamic Microchamber Test method
by Results Technology Inc.
Wood-based panels—determination
of formaldehyde release—Part 1:
formaldehyde emission by the
chamber method. European Standard.
Wood-based panels—determination
of formaldehyde release—Part 3:
formaldehyde release by the flask
method, European Standard
Wood-based panels — Determination
of formaldehyde release — Part 4
Determination of the emission of
volatile organic compounds and
aldehydes for building products—
small chamber method, Japanese
Industrial Standard

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CARB-Approved
CARB primary test method

CARB small-scale quality control

CARB small-scale quality control

CARB alternate small-scale quality control

CARB alternate small-scale quality control

CARB alternate small-scale quality control

CARB alternate small-scale quality control